The Sn−2Al filler metal was utilized to bond W90 tungsten heavy alloys by the ultrasonic-assisted coating technology in atmospheric environment at 250℃.The effects of ultrasonic power and ultrasonic time on microstru...The Sn−2Al filler metal was utilized to bond W90 tungsten heavy alloys by the ultrasonic-assisted coating technology in atmospheric environment at 250℃.The effects of ultrasonic power and ultrasonic time on microstructure and interfacial strength of Sn−2Al/W90 interface were investigated.The ultrasound improved the wettability of Sn−2Al filler metal on W90 surface.As the ultrasonic power increased and ultrasonic time increased,the size of Al phase in seam decreased.The maximum value of Sn−2Al/W90 interfacial strength reached 30.1 MPa.Based on the acoustic pressure simulation and bubble dynamics,the intensity of cavitation effect was proportional to ultrasonic power.The generated high temperature and high pressure by cavitation effect reached 83799.6 K and 1.26×10^(14) Pa,respectively.展开更多
Helicobacter pylori(H.pylori)infection remains a pivotal driver of chronic gastritis,peptic ulcer,gastric mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma and gastric cancer,yet its eradication is increasingly frustrated by...Helicobacter pylori(H.pylori)infection remains a pivotal driver of chronic gastritis,peptic ulcer,gastric mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma and gastric cancer,yet its eradication is increasingly frustrated by climbing antibiotic resistance and intolerable side-effects of standard triple or quadruple therapies.In recent years,fecal microbiota transplantation(FMT),a strategy that reconstructs the gut ecosystem by introducing a healthy donor microbiome,has emerged as a novel adjunct or alternative.By competitively excluding H.pylori,reinforcing mucosal barrier integrity,modulating host immunity and secreting bacteriocins,FMT can raise eradication rates,relieve dyspeptic symptoms and lower recurrence.This review synthesizes up-to-date pre-clinical,pilot and controlled clinical data,dissects underlying mechanisms,compares delivery routes,donor screening protocols and safety profiles,and discusses regulatory,ethical and standardization hurdles that must be overcome before large-scale clinical application.展开更多
Introduction: Arteriovenous Malformations (AVMs) arising deep in the basal ganglia and thalamus encompass a very small fraction of total cerebral AVMs and are rarely encountered in neurosurgery. The rate of rupture of...Introduction: Arteriovenous Malformations (AVMs) arising deep in the basal ganglia and thalamus encompass a very small fraction of total cerebral AVMs and are rarely encountered in neurosurgery. The rate of rupture of these AVMs is very uncommon making our case more thought-provoking. Case presentation: We present a case of 8-year-old boy with 3 days’ history of an intermittent headache with nausea and vomiting. Computer tomographic angiography (CTA) confirmed right basal ganglia and dorsal thalamic hematoma with numerous tortuous blood vessels around the hematoma. Conclusion: We successfully treated this child with ruptured deep seated cerebral AVMs using Onyx embolization with no further neurological deficits.展开更多
Due to their persistence,bioaccumulation,and resistance to degradation,perfluorinated substances(PFASs)have significant impacts on the environment and human health.This study comprehensively analyzed and assessed the ...Due to their persistence,bioaccumulation,and resistance to degradation,perfluorinated substances(PFASs)have significant impacts on the environment and human health.This study comprehensively analyzed and assessed the occurrence characteristics,sources,and potential ecological risks of 13 PFASs in the Yangtze River.The results indicated that the concentrations ofΣPFASs range from 5.1 to 57.7 ng/L,with more severe pollution downstream and perfluorobutane sulfonate(PFBuS)being the main pollutant.ΣPFASs showed a positive correlation with total organic carbon and absorbance under the condition of UV wavelength 254 nm(UV_(254)),and a negative correlation with total dissolved solids.Positive matrix factorization model analysis revealed that the primary sources of PFASs in the study area are food packaging,the electroplating industry,and the manufacturing and processing of fluoropolymer-containing products.The total ecological risk value of PFASs indicated that the ecological risks to algae,invertebrates,and fish are negligible.The annual load of ΣPFASs in the Yangtze River was 39.00 t,with the highest concentrations of pollutants being PFBuS(26.41 t/year),perfluorobutanoic acid(6.47 t/year),and perfluorooctanoic acid(PFOA,3.19t/year).While PFASs have not yet posed a risk to aquatic organisms,the increase in the use of short-chain PFASs substitutes(C4-C7)due to the regulation of PFOA and perfluorooctane sulfonate highlights the need for continued monitoring of short-chain PFASs pollution.展开更多
Kounis syndrome(KS)is a rare but clinically significant condition characterized by the simultaneous occurrence of acute coronary syndrome(ACS)and allergic reactions,which can develop in patients with either normal or ...Kounis syndrome(KS)is a rare but clinically significant condition characterized by the simultaneous occurrence of acute coronary syndrome(ACS)and allergic reactions,which can develop in patients with either normal or diseased coronary arteries.[1,2]The condition is typically triggered by various allergens including medications(particularly contrast media),environmental factors,or food exposures,with symptom onset usually occurring within one hour of exposure.展开更多
BACKGROUND Cardiovascular health(CVH)plays a crucial role in overall health,but its association with metabolic-associated fatty liver disease(MAFLD)remains unclear.AIM To investigate the relationship between CVH,measu...BACKGROUND Cardiovascular health(CVH)plays a crucial role in overall health,but its association with metabolic-associated fatty liver disease(MAFLD)remains unclear.AIM To investigate the relationship between CVH,measured using Life’s Essential 8(LE8)and Life’s Simple 7(LS7),and the prevalence of MAFLD.METHODS This cross-sectional study had a sample of 2234 individuals,representing approximately 120 million individuals in the United States.Baseline parameters were compared between the LE8 and LS7 groups.Logistic regression models were used to evaluate the relationship between LE8,LS7,and MAFLD,while taking into account confounding factors.The investigation employed restricted cubic splines to investigate non-linear associations.Subgroup analyses and sensitivity studies were performed to evaluate the strength and reliability of the results.RESULTS Higher LE8 and LS7 scores were significantly associated with a decreased risk of MAFLD,even after controlling for demographic,socioeconomic,and clinical variables.This association demonstrated a non-linear pattern,with the most dramatic risk reduction observed at higher CVH levels.Individual CVH components,notably healthy behaviors and factors,exhibited strong relationships with MAFLD.Subgroup analyses indicated consistent relationships across several demographics.Sensitivity tests utilizing other MAFLD definitions validated the robustness of the findings.CONCLUSION Higher adherence to CVH criteria,as indicated by LE8 and LS7 scores,is associated with a significantly lower risk of MAFLD.These results emphasize the need to advance CVH to control and avoid MAFLD.展开更多
Multiple myeloma is a complex and challenging blood cancer,particularly in cases where the disease has relapsed or become resistant to treatment.These situations often have a significant impact on both patient surviva...Multiple myeloma is a complex and challenging blood cancer,particularly in cases where the disease has relapsed or become resistant to treatment.These situations often have a significant impact on both patient survival and quality of life.Over recent years,advances in precision medicine and translational medicine have brought about a shift in treatment strategies,moving toward more personalized and targeted approaches.This review highlights the latest developments in the management of refractory and relapsed multiple myeloma,focusing on the current state of precision diagnosis and treatment,the role of translational medicine,and potential future directions in research.By reviewing key studies and clinical trial data,we aim to offer fresh perspectives and strategies that could improve clinical outcomes.展开更多
The big underground powerhouse cavern of the China Baihetan hydropower plant is 438m long,34m wide,and 88.7m high.It is cut by a weak interlayer shear zone and its high sidewall poses a huge stability problem.This pap...The big underground powerhouse cavern of the China Baihetan hydropower plant is 438m long,34m wide,and 88.7m high.It is cut by a weak interlayer shear zone and its high sidewall poses a huge stability problem.This paper reports our successful solution of this problem through numerical simulations and a replacement-tunnel scheme in the detailed design stage and close site monitoring in the excavation stage.Particularly,in the detail design stage,mechanical parameters of the shear zone were carefully determined through laboratory experiments and site tests.Then,deformation of the surrounding rocks and the shear zone under high in situ stress conditions was predicted using 3 Dimensional Distinct Element Code(3DEC).Subsequently,a replacement-tunnel scheme was proposed for the treatment on the shear zone to prevent severe unloading relaxation of surrounding rocks.In the construction period,excavation responses were closely monitored on deformations of surrounding rocks and the shear zone.The effect of local cracking in the replacement tunnels on sidewall stability was evaluated using the strength reduction method.These monitoring results were compared with the predicted numerical simulation in the detailed design stage.It is found that the shear zone greatly modified the deformation mode of the cavern surrounding rocks.Without any treatment,rock mass deformation on the downstream sidewall was larger than 125mm and the shearing deformation of the shear zone was 60–70 mm.These preset replacement tunnels can reduce not only the unloading and relaxation of rock masses but also the maximum shearing deformation of the shear zone by 10–20 mm.The predictions by numerical simulation were in good agreement with the monitoring results.The proposed tunnel-replacement scheme can not only restrain the shear zone deformation but also enhance the safety of surrounding rocks and concrete tunnels.This design procedure offers a good reference for interaction between a big underground cavern and a weak layer zone in the future.展开更多
Active distribution network(ADN)planning is crucial for achieving a cost-effective transition to modern power systems,yet it poses significant challenges as the system scale increases.The advent of quantum computing o...Active distribution network(ADN)planning is crucial for achieving a cost-effective transition to modern power systems,yet it poses significant challenges as the system scale increases.The advent of quantum computing offers a transformative approach to solve ADN planning.To fully leverage the potential of quantum computing,this paper proposes a photonic quantum acceleration algorithm.First,a quantum-accelerated framework for ADN planning is proposed on the basis of coherent photonic quantum computers.The ADN planning model is then formulated and decomposed into discrete master problems and continuous subproblems to facilitate the quantum optimization process.The photonic quantum-embedded adaptive alternating direction method of multipliers(PQA-ADMM)algorithm is subsequently proposed to equivalently map the discrete master problem onto a quantum-interpretable model,enabling its deployment on a photonic quantum computer.Finally,a comparative analysis with various solvers,including Gurobi,demonstrates that the proposed PQA-ADMM algorithm achieves significant speedup on the modified IEEE 33-node and IEEE 123-node systems,highlighting its effectiveness.展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.52105330,52175307)the Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province,China(No.ZR2023JQ021)。
文摘The Sn−2Al filler metal was utilized to bond W90 tungsten heavy alloys by the ultrasonic-assisted coating technology in atmospheric environment at 250℃.The effects of ultrasonic power and ultrasonic time on microstructure and interfacial strength of Sn−2Al/W90 interface were investigated.The ultrasound improved the wettability of Sn−2Al filler metal on W90 surface.As the ultrasonic power increased and ultrasonic time increased,the size of Al phase in seam decreased.The maximum value of Sn−2Al/W90 interfacial strength reached 30.1 MPa.Based on the acoustic pressure simulation and bubble dynamics,the intensity of cavitation effect was proportional to ultrasonic power.The generated high temperature and high pressure by cavitation effect reached 83799.6 K and 1.26×10^(14) Pa,respectively.
基金the 2026 Health Commission Fund of Guizhou Province,China.the freestatistics suite for its technical support.
文摘Helicobacter pylori(H.pylori)infection remains a pivotal driver of chronic gastritis,peptic ulcer,gastric mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma and gastric cancer,yet its eradication is increasingly frustrated by climbing antibiotic resistance and intolerable side-effects of standard triple or quadruple therapies.In recent years,fecal microbiota transplantation(FMT),a strategy that reconstructs the gut ecosystem by introducing a healthy donor microbiome,has emerged as a novel adjunct or alternative.By competitively excluding H.pylori,reinforcing mucosal barrier integrity,modulating host immunity and secreting bacteriocins,FMT can raise eradication rates,relieve dyspeptic symptoms and lower recurrence.This review synthesizes up-to-date pre-clinical,pilot and controlled clinical data,dissects underlying mechanisms,compares delivery routes,donor screening protocols and safety profiles,and discusses regulatory,ethical and standardization hurdles that must be overcome before large-scale clinical application.
文摘Introduction: Arteriovenous Malformations (AVMs) arising deep in the basal ganglia and thalamus encompass a very small fraction of total cerebral AVMs and are rarely encountered in neurosurgery. The rate of rupture of these AVMs is very uncommon making our case more thought-provoking. Case presentation: We present a case of 8-year-old boy with 3 days’ history of an intermittent headache with nausea and vomiting. Computer tomographic angiography (CTA) confirmed right basal ganglia and dorsal thalamic hematoma with numerous tortuous blood vessels around the hematoma. Conclusion: We successfully treated this child with ruptured deep seated cerebral AVMs using Onyx embolization with no further neurological deficits.
基金supported by the Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(No.XDB0750000)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.52270012 and 52470018)the Ministry of Science and Technology of China(Nos.2022YFC3203705 and2021YFC3200904)。
文摘Due to their persistence,bioaccumulation,and resistance to degradation,perfluorinated substances(PFASs)have significant impacts on the environment and human health.This study comprehensively analyzed and assessed the occurrence characteristics,sources,and potential ecological risks of 13 PFASs in the Yangtze River.The results indicated that the concentrations ofΣPFASs range from 5.1 to 57.7 ng/L,with more severe pollution downstream and perfluorobutane sulfonate(PFBuS)being the main pollutant.ΣPFASs showed a positive correlation with total organic carbon and absorbance under the condition of UV wavelength 254 nm(UV_(254)),and a negative correlation with total dissolved solids.Positive matrix factorization model analysis revealed that the primary sources of PFASs in the study area are food packaging,the electroplating industry,and the manufacturing and processing of fluoropolymer-containing products.The total ecological risk value of PFASs indicated that the ecological risks to algae,invertebrates,and fish are negligible.The annual load of ΣPFASs in the Yangtze River was 39.00 t,with the highest concentrations of pollutants being PFBuS(26.41 t/year),perfluorobutanoic acid(6.47 t/year),and perfluorooctanoic acid(PFOA,3.19t/year).While PFASs have not yet posed a risk to aquatic organisms,the increase in the use of short-chain PFASs substitutes(C4-C7)due to the regulation of PFOA and perfluorooctane sulfonate highlights the need for continued monitoring of short-chain PFASs pollution.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(No.2022YFB380-7300)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.12471455)+2 种基金the Clinical Cohort Construction Program of Peking University Third Hospital(BYSYDL2022005)the Key Clinical Projects of Peking University Third Hospital(BYSYZD2023006)the Innovation&Transfer Fund of Peking University Third Hospital(BYSYZHKC2023-109).
文摘Kounis syndrome(KS)is a rare but clinically significant condition characterized by the simultaneous occurrence of acute coronary syndrome(ACS)and allergic reactions,which can develop in patients with either normal or diseased coronary arteries.[1,2]The condition is typically triggered by various allergens including medications(particularly contrast media),environmental factors,or food exposures,with symptom onset usually occurring within one hour of exposure.
基金Supported by The Science Foundation of 925th Hospital,No.2023[3]and No.2022[3/4]The Guizhou Provincial Health Commission Science and Technology Fund,No.gzwkj2023-135。
文摘BACKGROUND Cardiovascular health(CVH)plays a crucial role in overall health,but its association with metabolic-associated fatty liver disease(MAFLD)remains unclear.AIM To investigate the relationship between CVH,measured using Life’s Essential 8(LE8)and Life’s Simple 7(LS7),and the prevalence of MAFLD.METHODS This cross-sectional study had a sample of 2234 individuals,representing approximately 120 million individuals in the United States.Baseline parameters were compared between the LE8 and LS7 groups.Logistic regression models were used to evaluate the relationship between LE8,LS7,and MAFLD,while taking into account confounding factors.The investigation employed restricted cubic splines to investigate non-linear associations.Subgroup analyses and sensitivity studies were performed to evaluate the strength and reliability of the results.RESULTS Higher LE8 and LS7 scores were significantly associated with a decreased risk of MAFLD,even after controlling for demographic,socioeconomic,and clinical variables.This association demonstrated a non-linear pattern,with the most dramatic risk reduction observed at higher CVH levels.Individual CVH components,notably healthy behaviors and factors,exhibited strong relationships with MAFLD.Subgroup analyses indicated consistent relationships across several demographics.Sensitivity tests utilizing other MAFLD definitions validated the robustness of the findings.CONCLUSION Higher adherence to CVH criteria,as indicated by LE8 and LS7 scores,is associated with a significantly lower risk of MAFLD.These results emphasize the need to advance CVH to control and avoid MAFLD.
基金supported by grants from the 925th Science Foundation(Grant Nos.2023-3 and 2024-2/3).
文摘Multiple myeloma is a complex and challenging blood cancer,particularly in cases where the disease has relapsed or become resistant to treatment.These situations often have a significant impact on both patient survival and quality of life.Over recent years,advances in precision medicine and translational medicine have brought about a shift in treatment strategies,moving toward more personalized and targeted approaches.This review highlights the latest developments in the management of refractory and relapsed multiple myeloma,focusing on the current state of precision diagnosis and treatment,the role of translational medicine,and potential future directions in research.By reviewing key studies and clinical trial data,we aim to offer fresh perspectives and strategies that could improve clinical outcomes.
基金Program of China Three Gorges Corporation,Grant/Award Number:BHT 0679-1。
文摘The big underground powerhouse cavern of the China Baihetan hydropower plant is 438m long,34m wide,and 88.7m high.It is cut by a weak interlayer shear zone and its high sidewall poses a huge stability problem.This paper reports our successful solution of this problem through numerical simulations and a replacement-tunnel scheme in the detailed design stage and close site monitoring in the excavation stage.Particularly,in the detail design stage,mechanical parameters of the shear zone were carefully determined through laboratory experiments and site tests.Then,deformation of the surrounding rocks and the shear zone under high in situ stress conditions was predicted using 3 Dimensional Distinct Element Code(3DEC).Subsequently,a replacement-tunnel scheme was proposed for the treatment on the shear zone to prevent severe unloading relaxation of surrounding rocks.In the construction period,excavation responses were closely monitored on deformations of surrounding rocks and the shear zone.The effect of local cracking in the replacement tunnels on sidewall stability was evaluated using the strength reduction method.These monitoring results were compared with the predicted numerical simulation in the detailed design stage.It is found that the shear zone greatly modified the deformation mode of the cavern surrounding rocks.Without any treatment,rock mass deformation on the downstream sidewall was larger than 125mm and the shearing deformation of the shear zone was 60–70 mm.These preset replacement tunnels can reduce not only the unloading and relaxation of rock masses but also the maximum shearing deformation of the shear zone by 10–20 mm.The predictions by numerical simulation were in good agreement with the monitoring results.The proposed tunnel-replacement scheme can not only restrain the shear zone deformation but also enhance the safety of surrounding rocks and concrete tunnels.This design procedure offers a good reference for interaction between a big underground cavern and a weak layer zone in the future.
基金supported in part by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant 52307134the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(xzy012025022)。
文摘Active distribution network(ADN)planning is crucial for achieving a cost-effective transition to modern power systems,yet it poses significant challenges as the system scale increases.The advent of quantum computing offers a transformative approach to solve ADN planning.To fully leverage the potential of quantum computing,this paper proposes a photonic quantum acceleration algorithm.First,a quantum-accelerated framework for ADN planning is proposed on the basis of coherent photonic quantum computers.The ADN planning model is then formulated and decomposed into discrete master problems and continuous subproblems to facilitate the quantum optimization process.The photonic quantum-embedded adaptive alternating direction method of multipliers(PQA-ADMM)algorithm is subsequently proposed to equivalently map the discrete master problem onto a quantum-interpretable model,enabling its deployment on a photonic quantum computer.Finally,a comparative analysis with various solvers,including Gurobi,demonstrates that the proposed PQA-ADMM algorithm achieves significant speedup on the modified IEEE 33-node and IEEE 123-node systems,highlighting its effectiveness.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(81774324)the Fundamental Research Project of Medical and Health in Shenzhen Bao’an District(2022JD224)the Special Research and Development Project for Traditional Chinese Medicine Preparations of Shenzhen Bao’an District Hospitals(2022KJCX-YYZJ-6)
