BACKGROUND The neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio(NLR)has been proposed as a potential prognostic marker for mortality outcomes in various conditions,yet its association with chronic hemodialysis(HD)remains underexplored.We ...BACKGROUND The neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio(NLR)has been proposed as a potential prognostic marker for mortality outcomes in various conditions,yet its association with chronic hemodialysis(HD)remains underexplored.We aim to study its utility by conducting a meta-analysis of this specific population.AIM To determine whether elevated NLR is associated with all-cause mortality(ACM)and cardiovascular mortality(CVM)in patients undergoing chronic HD.METHODS A comprehensive search from PubMed,Google Scholar,and Scopus identified studies showing the association between NLR and mortality outcomes in patients with chronic HD.Random-effects models with 95%CIs were employed to pool adjusted hazard ratios(aHRs),odds ratios(ORs),and I²statistics for evaluating the heterogeneity of findings.Leave-one-out sensitivity and meta-regression analyses assessed changes in overall effects and identified confounders,respectively.The Joanna Briggs Institute(JBI)tool was used to assess the quality of studies.RESULTS 19 studies comprising 9047 patients with a mean age of 59.5±5.86 years and a mean follow-up duration of 46.7 months were included in our study.Our meta-analysis revealed a significant association between NLR>2.5 and increased risks of ACM(aHR:1.25,95%CI:1.14-1.37,P<0.0001)and CVM(aHR:1.24,95%CI:1.02-1.49,P=0.03).Studies reporting outcomes in OR reported similar findings for ACM(OR:4.59,95%CI:1.74-12.11,P=0.002)and CVM(OR:1.11,95%CI:1.01-1.23,P=0.03).Sensitivity analysis revealed no variations.Meta-regression revealed increasing male proportion is positively associated with ACM.Pooled area under the curve(AUC)was 0.71(95%CI:0.63-0.80,P<0.0001).The JBI tool revealed high-quality studies.CONCLUSION This meta-analysis suggests that elevated NLR may serve as a useful prognostic marker for ACM and CVM in patients on chronic HD and can be useful in planning for the prevention of mortality-related strategies.展开更多
This editorial aimed to consolidate current evidence on the role of major endogenous modulators—nitric oxide(NO),prostaglandins(PGs),thromboxanes(TXs),and endothelins(ETs)in the lung carcinogenesis,their receptor-spe...This editorial aimed to consolidate current evidence on the role of major endogenous modulators—nitric oxide(NO),prostaglandins(PGs),thromboxanes(TXs),and endothelins(ETs)in the lung carcinogenesis,their receptor-specific actions,compensatory feedback mechanisms,and their role in tumor immune evasion and angiogenesis.We searched PubMed and Google Scholar with free-text and MeSH combinations of terms including"lung cancer","nitric oxide","inducible NOS","COX-2","prostaglandin E2","thromboxane A2","endothelin","angiogenesis",and"immunosuppression".We examined English-language publications for mechanistic data,preclinical models,and clinical correlates,and synthesized findings from both animal and human tissue studies.We highlight here the dual,concentration-dependent actions of NO,PG-E2's immunosup-pressive and pro-angiogenic actions via E-Prostanoid(EP2/EP4)receptors,thromboxane A2's pro-metastatic functions by thromboxane receptor signaling and interaction with platelet-tumor interaction,and the underappreciated roles of ETs.We also point to gaps in the existing literature on the differential roles of other prostanoid subtypes(e.g.,PGI2,PGD2),hypoxia-inducible factor-1α's role in regulation of inflammatory cascades,and clinical significance of compensatory upregulation of TX synthase following cycloxygenase-2 inhibition.These obse-rvations underscore the potential need for receptor-targeted therapies,biomarker-guided patient stratification,and improved translational models to inform the development of personalized anti-inflammatory interventions in lung cancer.展开更多
文摘BACKGROUND The neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio(NLR)has been proposed as a potential prognostic marker for mortality outcomes in various conditions,yet its association with chronic hemodialysis(HD)remains underexplored.We aim to study its utility by conducting a meta-analysis of this specific population.AIM To determine whether elevated NLR is associated with all-cause mortality(ACM)and cardiovascular mortality(CVM)in patients undergoing chronic HD.METHODS A comprehensive search from PubMed,Google Scholar,and Scopus identified studies showing the association between NLR and mortality outcomes in patients with chronic HD.Random-effects models with 95%CIs were employed to pool adjusted hazard ratios(aHRs),odds ratios(ORs),and I²statistics for evaluating the heterogeneity of findings.Leave-one-out sensitivity and meta-regression analyses assessed changes in overall effects and identified confounders,respectively.The Joanna Briggs Institute(JBI)tool was used to assess the quality of studies.RESULTS 19 studies comprising 9047 patients with a mean age of 59.5±5.86 years and a mean follow-up duration of 46.7 months were included in our study.Our meta-analysis revealed a significant association between NLR>2.5 and increased risks of ACM(aHR:1.25,95%CI:1.14-1.37,P<0.0001)and CVM(aHR:1.24,95%CI:1.02-1.49,P=0.03).Studies reporting outcomes in OR reported similar findings for ACM(OR:4.59,95%CI:1.74-12.11,P=0.002)and CVM(OR:1.11,95%CI:1.01-1.23,P=0.03).Sensitivity analysis revealed no variations.Meta-regression revealed increasing male proportion is positively associated with ACM.Pooled area under the curve(AUC)was 0.71(95%CI:0.63-0.80,P<0.0001).The JBI tool revealed high-quality studies.CONCLUSION This meta-analysis suggests that elevated NLR may serve as a useful prognostic marker for ACM and CVM in patients on chronic HD and can be useful in planning for the prevention of mortality-related strategies.
文摘This editorial aimed to consolidate current evidence on the role of major endogenous modulators—nitric oxide(NO),prostaglandins(PGs),thromboxanes(TXs),and endothelins(ETs)in the lung carcinogenesis,their receptor-specific actions,compensatory feedback mechanisms,and their role in tumor immune evasion and angiogenesis.We searched PubMed and Google Scholar with free-text and MeSH combinations of terms including"lung cancer","nitric oxide","inducible NOS","COX-2","prostaglandin E2","thromboxane A2","endothelin","angiogenesis",and"immunosuppression".We examined English-language publications for mechanistic data,preclinical models,and clinical correlates,and synthesized findings from both animal and human tissue studies.We highlight here the dual,concentration-dependent actions of NO,PG-E2's immunosup-pressive and pro-angiogenic actions via E-Prostanoid(EP2/EP4)receptors,thromboxane A2's pro-metastatic functions by thromboxane receptor signaling and interaction with platelet-tumor interaction,and the underappreciated roles of ETs.We also point to gaps in the existing literature on the differential roles of other prostanoid subtypes(e.g.,PGI2,PGD2),hypoxia-inducible factor-1α's role in regulation of inflammatory cascades,and clinical significance of compensatory upregulation of TX synthase following cycloxygenase-2 inhibition.These obse-rvations underscore the potential need for receptor-targeted therapies,biomarker-guided patient stratification,and improved translational models to inform the development of personalized anti-inflammatory interventions in lung cancer.
