The growing importance of maintaining and extending the functional lifespan of reinforced concrete structures has resulted in an increased emphasis on non-destructive testing techniques as essential tools for evaluati...The growing importance of maintaining and extending the functional lifespan of reinforced concrete structures has resulted in an increased emphasis on non-destructive testing techniques as essential tools for evaluating structural conditions.Non-destructive testing procedures offer a notable benefit in assessing the uniformity,homogeneity,ability to withstand compression,durability,and degree of corrosion in reinforcing bars within reinforced concrete structures.This study aimed to evaluate the existing condition of partially constructed residential buildings in Rewari district,located in the state of Haryana.The reinforced concrete structure of the building had been completed eight years ago,however,the project was abruptly stopped.Prior to recommencing the construction,it is important to assess the present state of the structure in order to evaluate the deterioration in Reinforced Cement Concrete(RCC).The building’s state was evaluated by visually inspecting the building,conducting on-site examinations,and analyzing samples in a laboratory.The findings emphasize the assessment of the robustness and durability of concrete to ascertain the degree of deterioration and degradation in the structure.The study incorporates visual inspection,and non-destructive evaluation utilizing different instruments to evaluate the corrosion condition of reinforcing bars.In addition,selected RCC columns,beams,and slabs undergo chemical testing.It has been observed that the strength results and chemical results were within permissible limits.展开更多
Rice is the prominent food grain required by more than half of the world's population to fulfill their nutritional demand.With the continuous growth in the population at the global level,rice production has also b...Rice is the prominent food grain required by more than half of the world's population to fulfill their nutritional demand.With the continuous growth in the population at the global level,rice production has also been elevated.However,high rice production also creates a new problem in waste management worldwide.Rice straw,generated after rice harvest,possesses meager nutritional value,due to which it is less preferred as fodder and burned in the field.Paddy burning is one of the major causes of air pollution,leading to lung,heart,eye,and skin-related diseases and even premature death.This stubble burning also decreases soil fertility.In this review article,we have discussed the various economic uses of paddy straw which will help to reduce air pollution through the decline in paddy straw burning.Biochar is produced from paddy straw,which can be mixed into the soil to restore fertility and reduce toxic metals'bioavailability.The generation of biofuels such as biobutanol,bioethanol,and biogas from rice straw with their mechanism of synthesis is also discussed in this article.Rice straw can also be utilized in the preparation of solid fuel.Along with this,mushroom cultivation in paddy straw houses is also described.Paddy straw can be used for the pulp and paper industries,which will help to reduce the tree dependence of these industries.Apart from this,a bibliometric analysis of the Scopus database on rice straw uses for the last 20 years was done,including a bibliographic keyword analysis to show published documents'trends.This review will give an elaborated overview of the alternative uses of rice straw with a quantitative analysis of air pollution caused by paddy straw burning.This review will also help to improve the current uses of paddy straw for industrial and commercial benefits to make it more economical.展开更多
文摘The growing importance of maintaining and extending the functional lifespan of reinforced concrete structures has resulted in an increased emphasis on non-destructive testing techniques as essential tools for evaluating structural conditions.Non-destructive testing procedures offer a notable benefit in assessing the uniformity,homogeneity,ability to withstand compression,durability,and degree of corrosion in reinforcing bars within reinforced concrete structures.This study aimed to evaluate the existing condition of partially constructed residential buildings in Rewari district,located in the state of Haryana.The reinforced concrete structure of the building had been completed eight years ago,however,the project was abruptly stopped.Prior to recommencing the construction,it is important to assess the present state of the structure in order to evaluate the deterioration in Reinforced Cement Concrete(RCC).The building’s state was evaluated by visually inspecting the building,conducting on-site examinations,and analyzing samples in a laboratory.The findings emphasize the assessment of the robustness and durability of concrete to ascertain the degree of deterioration and degradation in the structure.The study incorporates visual inspection,and non-destructive evaluation utilizing different instruments to evaluate the corrosion condition of reinforcing bars.In addition,selected RCC columns,beams,and slabs undergo chemical testing.It has been observed that the strength results and chemical results were within permissible limits.
文摘Rice is the prominent food grain required by more than half of the world's population to fulfill their nutritional demand.With the continuous growth in the population at the global level,rice production has also been elevated.However,high rice production also creates a new problem in waste management worldwide.Rice straw,generated after rice harvest,possesses meager nutritional value,due to which it is less preferred as fodder and burned in the field.Paddy burning is one of the major causes of air pollution,leading to lung,heart,eye,and skin-related diseases and even premature death.This stubble burning also decreases soil fertility.In this review article,we have discussed the various economic uses of paddy straw which will help to reduce air pollution through the decline in paddy straw burning.Biochar is produced from paddy straw,which can be mixed into the soil to restore fertility and reduce toxic metals'bioavailability.The generation of biofuels such as biobutanol,bioethanol,and biogas from rice straw with their mechanism of synthesis is also discussed in this article.Rice straw can also be utilized in the preparation of solid fuel.Along with this,mushroom cultivation in paddy straw houses is also described.Paddy straw can be used for the pulp and paper industries,which will help to reduce the tree dependence of these industries.Apart from this,a bibliometric analysis of the Scopus database on rice straw uses for the last 20 years was done,including a bibliographic keyword analysis to show published documents'trends.This review will give an elaborated overview of the alternative uses of rice straw with a quantitative analysis of air pollution caused by paddy straw burning.This review will also help to improve the current uses of paddy straw for industrial and commercial benefits to make it more economical.
