Introduction:Haemophilus influenzae(Hi)is subdivided into typeable(a-f)and non-typeable groups.Hi serotype b(Hib)has historically been one of the important pathogens responsible for invasive infection.However,after wi...Introduction:Haemophilus influenzae(Hi)is subdivided into typeable(a-f)and non-typeable groups.Hi serotype b(Hib)has historically been one of the important pathogens responsible for invasive infection.However,after widespread Hib vaccination,the emergence of other Hi serotypes,specifically Hi serotype a(Hia),was noted during the last few decades,mostly in children younger than 5 years of age.Case presentation:We present two cases of severe intracranial infections with detected Hia in patients>5 years of age within a short time frame and within the same geographic area.Conclusion:Epidemiological studies and surveillance on Hia-related illnesses in all age groups worldwide are needed to better understand the clinical and epidemiological characteristics of Hia.This can establish a platform to develop a candidate vaccine against Hia that might protect children of all ages.展开更多
The rising threats from antimicrobial resistance due to inappropriate utilization of antimicrobial agents in health care including the pediatric population has been a topic of concern at the global level for the last ...The rising threats from antimicrobial resistance due to inappropriate utilization of antimicrobial agents in health care including the pediatric population has been a topic of concern at the global level for the last several decades.The antimicrobial stewardship program(ASP)is a multidisciplinary institutional initiative focusing primarily on the improvement of antimicrobial prescribing practices and limiting inappropriate use.ASPs play an important role in the implementation of healthcare strategies in pediatrics worldwide to reduce antimicrobial resistance.Many published reports demonstrate how adapted ASPs in pediatrics result in improvement of unnecessary antimicrobial utilization,decreasing drug resistance and treatment failure,minimization of adverse clinical outcomes,decreasing healthcare costs and hospital length of stay,and optimization of diagnostic strategies.However,some barriers in pediatric ASP still exist.This narrative review describes core elements of ASP,the impact of implemented ASPs on pediatric healthcare,and challenges of pediatric ASP as seen by the authors.展开更多
文摘Introduction:Haemophilus influenzae(Hi)is subdivided into typeable(a-f)and non-typeable groups.Hi serotype b(Hib)has historically been one of the important pathogens responsible for invasive infection.However,after widespread Hib vaccination,the emergence of other Hi serotypes,specifically Hi serotype a(Hia),was noted during the last few decades,mostly in children younger than 5 years of age.Case presentation:We present two cases of severe intracranial infections with detected Hia in patients>5 years of age within a short time frame and within the same geographic area.Conclusion:Epidemiological studies and surveillance on Hia-related illnesses in all age groups worldwide are needed to better understand the clinical and epidemiological characteristics of Hia.This can establish a platform to develop a candidate vaccine against Hia that might protect children of all ages.
文摘The rising threats from antimicrobial resistance due to inappropriate utilization of antimicrobial agents in health care including the pediatric population has been a topic of concern at the global level for the last several decades.The antimicrobial stewardship program(ASP)is a multidisciplinary institutional initiative focusing primarily on the improvement of antimicrobial prescribing practices and limiting inappropriate use.ASPs play an important role in the implementation of healthcare strategies in pediatrics worldwide to reduce antimicrobial resistance.Many published reports demonstrate how adapted ASPs in pediatrics result in improvement of unnecessary antimicrobial utilization,decreasing drug resistance and treatment failure,minimization of adverse clinical outcomes,decreasing healthcare costs and hospital length of stay,and optimization of diagnostic strategies.However,some barriers in pediatric ASP still exist.This narrative review describes core elements of ASP,the impact of implemented ASPs on pediatric healthcare,and challenges of pediatric ASP as seen by the authors.
