Nigeria today faces serious challenge in providing adequate energy to meet the needs of her citizenry. Efforts are currently geared towards generation of more energy to ease the problem. While these efforts are commen...Nigeria today faces serious challenge in providing adequate energy to meet the needs of her citizenry. Efforts are currently geared towards generation of more energy to ease the problem. While these efforts are commendable, it is equally desirable to explore ways to minimize consumption of generated energy. The objective of this work is to investigate the effect of building orientation on energy demand in buildings. This paper considered the use of standard design considerations, fundamental cooling load equations and the guidelines stipulated by the American Society of Heating, Cooling and Air conditioning Engineers (ASHRAE). The study takes the designs of three buildings within the University of Ibadan, Nigeria into consideration with the view to harness the energy saving potentials through building orientation and selection of efficient cooling equipment. The results obtained were 155.34, 224.75, 86.35 kW and 163.60, 232.04 and 90.64 kW for the three lecture envelopes including the Faculty of Science, CBN and the Department of Chemistry lecture theatres using the North-South and East-West building orientations respectively. Increase in energy demand of 7.96, 7.29 and 4.29 kW was thus obtained with the East-West building orientation over North-South. Energy efficiency is thus guaranteed with North-South building orientation.展开更多
Air conditioning design has become an interesting aspect of human life with the aim of seeking environmental comfort for indoor spaces. Analytical work involves in the design of air-conditioning system is often time c...Air conditioning design has become an interesting aspect of human life with the aim of seeking environmental comfort for indoor spaces. Analytical work involves in the design of air-conditioning system is often time consuming and laborious. This work therefore aims at developing a visual interactive computer package for the design of air conditioning system using the international conference centre, University of Ibadan, Nigeria as a case study. Procedures for calculating heat gain through various building components were discussed in detail. Cooling load analysis was carried out using standard cooling load equations obtained from the American Society of Heating, Refrigeration and Air conditioning Engineers (ASHRAE) handbook. A computer program was developed using java programming language to compute the total cooling load in the building. The result from the computer program was obtained within a very short period of time when compared with that of the manual one. The cooling load of the building obtained was 3,194,414 btu/hr;a visual interactive computer package for the design of air conditioning system has been developed and tested positively;hence can be used to design air conditioning system for any building.展开更多
Energy consumption in both residential and public buildings has been established globally as been significantly high. The need to incorporate energy efficiency in building therefore becomes imperative in order to mini...Energy consumption in both residential and public buildings has been established globally as been significantly high. The need to incorporate energy efficiency in building therefore becomes imperative in order to minimize the consumption level. This work therefore examines the effect of building orientation coupled with different building material composition on energy efficiency in building within major Nigeria climatic zones. The methodology adopted in this study entails carrying out a load survey and thereby calculating the cooling load required to condition the building space in two selected different orientations within the major Nigerian climatic zones. The standard cooling load equations were utilized in the evaluation of the various cooling loads. The selected locations considered within major Nigerian climatic zones are Ibadan in the South West, Jos in the middle belt and Maiduguri in the North East. The cooling load results obtained for the two different orientations are as follows;151.45 kW and 163.17 kW for Ibadan, Maiduguri: 164 kW and 175.78 kW, and 131.77 kW, 143.4 kW for Jos. The first orientation being North/South longitudinal placement of the building while the second orientation is East/West longitudinal placement respectively. The study established that the second orientation generated more cooling load. It is therefore concluded that the first orientation which is the North/South longitudinal placement of the building is best recommended. It also established the dependence of cooling load on the climatic condition of the building’s location. Both building material compositions coupled with its orientation and climatic condition therefore play major significant role on the energy consumption in a building space.展开更多
文摘Nigeria today faces serious challenge in providing adequate energy to meet the needs of her citizenry. Efforts are currently geared towards generation of more energy to ease the problem. While these efforts are commendable, it is equally desirable to explore ways to minimize consumption of generated energy. The objective of this work is to investigate the effect of building orientation on energy demand in buildings. This paper considered the use of standard design considerations, fundamental cooling load equations and the guidelines stipulated by the American Society of Heating, Cooling and Air conditioning Engineers (ASHRAE). The study takes the designs of three buildings within the University of Ibadan, Nigeria into consideration with the view to harness the energy saving potentials through building orientation and selection of efficient cooling equipment. The results obtained were 155.34, 224.75, 86.35 kW and 163.60, 232.04 and 90.64 kW for the three lecture envelopes including the Faculty of Science, CBN and the Department of Chemistry lecture theatres using the North-South and East-West building orientations respectively. Increase in energy demand of 7.96, 7.29 and 4.29 kW was thus obtained with the East-West building orientation over North-South. Energy efficiency is thus guaranteed with North-South building orientation.
文摘Air conditioning design has become an interesting aspect of human life with the aim of seeking environmental comfort for indoor spaces. Analytical work involves in the design of air-conditioning system is often time consuming and laborious. This work therefore aims at developing a visual interactive computer package for the design of air conditioning system using the international conference centre, University of Ibadan, Nigeria as a case study. Procedures for calculating heat gain through various building components were discussed in detail. Cooling load analysis was carried out using standard cooling load equations obtained from the American Society of Heating, Refrigeration and Air conditioning Engineers (ASHRAE) handbook. A computer program was developed using java programming language to compute the total cooling load in the building. The result from the computer program was obtained within a very short period of time when compared with that of the manual one. The cooling load of the building obtained was 3,194,414 btu/hr;a visual interactive computer package for the design of air conditioning system has been developed and tested positively;hence can be used to design air conditioning system for any building.
文摘Energy consumption in both residential and public buildings has been established globally as been significantly high. The need to incorporate energy efficiency in building therefore becomes imperative in order to minimize the consumption level. This work therefore examines the effect of building orientation coupled with different building material composition on energy efficiency in building within major Nigeria climatic zones. The methodology adopted in this study entails carrying out a load survey and thereby calculating the cooling load required to condition the building space in two selected different orientations within the major Nigerian climatic zones. The standard cooling load equations were utilized in the evaluation of the various cooling loads. The selected locations considered within major Nigerian climatic zones are Ibadan in the South West, Jos in the middle belt and Maiduguri in the North East. The cooling load results obtained for the two different orientations are as follows;151.45 kW and 163.17 kW for Ibadan, Maiduguri: 164 kW and 175.78 kW, and 131.77 kW, 143.4 kW for Jos. The first orientation being North/South longitudinal placement of the building while the second orientation is East/West longitudinal placement respectively. The study established that the second orientation generated more cooling load. It is therefore concluded that the first orientation which is the North/South longitudinal placement of the building is best recommended. It also established the dependence of cooling load on the climatic condition of the building’s location. Both building material compositions coupled with its orientation and climatic condition therefore play major significant role on the energy consumption in a building space.
