This study investigates the genetic differentiation and gene flow within the Subalpine Warbler(Curruca cantillans)complex using mitochondrial DNA(mtDNA)analysis.We focused on three primary populations based on phyloge...This study investigates the genetic differentiation and gene flow within the Subalpine Warbler(Curruca cantillans)complex using mitochondrial DNA(mtDNA)analysis.We focused on three primary populations based on phylogenetic findings and geographical distributions.Popl:Includes C.c.albistriata(distributed in extreme northeast Italy(Trieste),southern Slovenia,and south along the north Adriatic coast to Albania,as well as east to southern Bulgaria,Greece,Crete,and western Turkey,with non-breeding grounds in the central and eastern Sahel from eastern Mali to northwest Sudan)and C.c.cantillans(occurring in Sicily,central and southern Italy,and locally in north-central Italy,with non-breeding grounds presumably in the western Sahel).Pop2:Represents C.iberiae,found in Spain and western France.Pop3:Comprises C.subalpina,distributed across the Balearic Islands,Corsica,Sardinia,some Tuscan islands,and north and central Italy,with non-breeding grounds extending into the western Sahel,reaching northern Nigeria and Niger.Our genetic analysis indicates that all three populations have expanded recently but maintain unique genetic structures.Despite this recent expansion,the populations exhibit limited genetic diversity.Using AMOVA,we found that most genetic variation is between populations rather than within them,indicating significant genetic differentiation.This study uniquely combines population genetic data with advanced analyses to provide detailed insights into the genetic structure and connectivity of the Subalpine Warbler complex,highlighting the distinct genetic lineages within the Mediterranean biodiversity hotspot.展开更多
Studies of biodiversity dynamics have been cast on either long(systematics)or short(ecology)time scales,leaving a gap in coverage for moderate time scales of decades to centuries.Large-scale biodiversity information r...Studies of biodiversity dynamics have been cast on either long(systematics)or short(ecology)time scales,leaving a gap in coverage for moderate time scales of decades to centuries.Large-scale biodiversity information resources now available offer opportunities to fill this gap for many parts of the world via detailed,quantitative comparisons of assemblage composition,particularly for regions without rich time series datasets.We explore the possibility that such changes in avifaunas across the United States and Canada before and after the first three decades of marked global change(i.e.,prior to 1980 versus after 2010)can be reconstructed and characterized from existing primary biodiversity data.As an illustration of the potential of this methodology for sites even in regions not as well sampled as the United States and Canada,we also explored changes at a single site in Mexico(Chichén-Itzá).We analyzed two large-scale datasets:one summarizing bird records in the United States and Canada before 1980,and one for the same region after 2010.We used probabilistic inventory completeness analyses to identify sites that have avifaunas that have likely been inventoried more or less completely.We prepared detailed comparisons between the two time periods to analyze species showing distributional changes over the time period analyzed.We identified 139 sites on a 0.05°grid that were demonstrably well-inventoried before 1980 in the United States and Canada,of which 108 were also well-inventoried after 2010.Comparing presence/absence patterns between the two time periods for 601 bird species,we found significant spatial autocorrelation in overall avifaunal turnover(species gained and lost),but not in numbers of species lost.We noted potential northward retractions of ranges of several species with high-latitude(boreal)distributions,while other species showed dominant patterns of population loss,either rangewide(e.g.,Tympanuchus cupido)or regionally(e.g.,Thryomanes bewickii).We developed linear models to explore a suite of potential drivers of species loss at relatively fine-grained resolutions(<6km),finding significant effects of precipitation increase,particularly on the eastern border of the United States and Canada.Our exploration of biotic change in Chichén-Itzáincluded 265 species and showed intriguing losses from the local avifauna(e.g.,Patagioenas speciosa),as well as vagrant and recent invasive species in the Yucatán Peninsula.The present work documents both the potential for and the problems involved in an approach integrating primary biodiversity data across time periods.This method potentially allows researchers to assess intermediate-time-scale biodiversity dynamics that can reveal patterns of change in biodiversity-rich regions that lack extensive time-series information.展开更多
基金completed while U.P.was at theUniversity of Oxford,supported by TüBITAK BIDEB 2219(Grant Number:1059B192301787)。
文摘This study investigates the genetic differentiation and gene flow within the Subalpine Warbler(Curruca cantillans)complex using mitochondrial DNA(mtDNA)analysis.We focused on three primary populations based on phylogenetic findings and geographical distributions.Popl:Includes C.c.albistriata(distributed in extreme northeast Italy(Trieste),southern Slovenia,and south along the north Adriatic coast to Albania,as well as east to southern Bulgaria,Greece,Crete,and western Turkey,with non-breeding grounds in the central and eastern Sahel from eastern Mali to northwest Sudan)and C.c.cantillans(occurring in Sicily,central and southern Italy,and locally in north-central Italy,with non-breeding grounds presumably in the western Sahel).Pop2:Represents C.iberiae,found in Spain and western France.Pop3:Comprises C.subalpina,distributed across the Balearic Islands,Corsica,Sardinia,some Tuscan islands,and north and central Italy,with non-breeding grounds extending into the western Sahel,reaching northern Nigeria and Niger.Our genetic analysis indicates that all three populations have expanded recently but maintain unique genetic structures.Despite this recent expansion,the populations exhibit limited genetic diversity.Using AMOVA,we found that most genetic variation is between populations rather than within them,indicating significant genetic differentiation.This study uniquely combines population genetic data with advanced analyses to provide detailed insights into the genetic structure and connectivity of the Subalpine Warbler complex,highlighting the distinct genetic lineages within the Mediterranean biodiversity hotspot.
文摘Studies of biodiversity dynamics have been cast on either long(systematics)or short(ecology)time scales,leaving a gap in coverage for moderate time scales of decades to centuries.Large-scale biodiversity information resources now available offer opportunities to fill this gap for many parts of the world via detailed,quantitative comparisons of assemblage composition,particularly for regions without rich time series datasets.We explore the possibility that such changes in avifaunas across the United States and Canada before and after the first three decades of marked global change(i.e.,prior to 1980 versus after 2010)can be reconstructed and characterized from existing primary biodiversity data.As an illustration of the potential of this methodology for sites even in regions not as well sampled as the United States and Canada,we also explored changes at a single site in Mexico(Chichén-Itzá).We analyzed two large-scale datasets:one summarizing bird records in the United States and Canada before 1980,and one for the same region after 2010.We used probabilistic inventory completeness analyses to identify sites that have avifaunas that have likely been inventoried more or less completely.We prepared detailed comparisons between the two time periods to analyze species showing distributional changes over the time period analyzed.We identified 139 sites on a 0.05°grid that were demonstrably well-inventoried before 1980 in the United States and Canada,of which 108 were also well-inventoried after 2010.Comparing presence/absence patterns between the two time periods for 601 bird species,we found significant spatial autocorrelation in overall avifaunal turnover(species gained and lost),but not in numbers of species lost.We noted potential northward retractions of ranges of several species with high-latitude(boreal)distributions,while other species showed dominant patterns of population loss,either rangewide(e.g.,Tympanuchus cupido)or regionally(e.g.,Thryomanes bewickii).We developed linear models to explore a suite of potential drivers of species loss at relatively fine-grained resolutions(<6km),finding significant effects of precipitation increase,particularly on the eastern border of the United States and Canada.Our exploration of biotic change in Chichén-Itzáincluded 265 species and showed intriguing losses from the local avifauna(e.g.,Patagioenas speciosa),as well as vagrant and recent invasive species in the Yucatán Peninsula.The present work documents both the potential for and the problems involved in an approach integrating primary biodiversity data across time periods.This method potentially allows researchers to assess intermediate-time-scale biodiversity dynamics that can reveal patterns of change in biodiversity-rich regions that lack extensive time-series information.
