The carrier fluid (air or water) is used to transport solid material from the source place to its destination point through pipeline. Using air as carrier fluid to transport solid material through pipeline is called P...The carrier fluid (air or water) is used to transport solid material from the source place to its destination point through pipeline. Using air as carrier fluid to transport solid material through pipeline is called Pneumo transport, whereas transporting material with water or any other liquid through pipeline is called as hydraulic transport. A large number of installations are now available globally to transport solid materials to short, medium, and long distances using water/air as carrier fluid. However, the design of such system of pipeline is still an empirical art. In the present investigation, one generalized mathematical model developed by Shrivastava and Kar (SK Model) and CFD models were used and compared with experimental results for pneumatic and hydraulic transport of granular solids. The motivation of present work is to find the accuracy of SK model based on analytical, empirical and semi-empirical for the prediction of pressure drop and comparing the result with CFD based on mathematical equation for the mixture flow in the horizontal and vertical pipe lines. The comparison of pressure drop results obtained by using SK model and CFD model were validated with the experimental results for pneumatic and hydraulic transport of solids through. From the comparison results, it was observed that the results of pressure drop predicted by SK model are more accurate than the CFD models for all the cases considered.展开更多
Angiogenesis plays a crucial role in wound healing by forming new blood vessels from preexisting vessels by invading the wound clot and organizing into a microvascular network throughout the granulation tissue.This dy...Angiogenesis plays a crucial role in wound healing by forming new blood vessels from preexisting vessels by invading the wound clot and organizing into a microvascular network throughout the granulation tissue.This dynamic process is highly regulated by signals from both serum and the surrounding extracellular matrix environment.Vascular endothelial growth factor,angiopoietin,fibroblast growth factor and transforming growth factor-beta are among the potent angiogenic cytokines in wound angiogenesis.Specific endothelial cell ECM receptors are critical for morphogenetic changes in blood vessels during wound repair.In particular integrin(αvβ3)receptors for fibrin and fibronectin,appear to be required for wound angiogenesis:αvβ3 is focally expressed at the tips of angiogenic capillary sprouts invading the wound clot,and any functional inhibitors ofαvβ3 such as monoclonal antibodies,cyclic RGD peptide antagonists,and peptidomimetics rapidly inhibit granulation tissue formation.In spite of clear knowledge about influence of many angiogenic factors on wound healing,little progress has been made in defining the source of these factors,the regulatory events involved in wound angiogenesis and in the clinical use of angiogenic stimulants to promote repair.展开更多
A simple procedure to estimate series capacitance of a uniform transformer winding from its measured frequency response analysis(FRA)and shunt capacitance is presented.Unlike previously published approaches,this metho...A simple procedure to estimate series capacitance of a uniform transformer winding from its measured frequency response analysis(FRA)and shunt capacitance is presented.Unlike previously published approaches,this method does not involve any cumbersome and time-consuming curve-fitting nor running optimisation/search algorithms,and neither does it require data of winding geometry.The procedure relies on a property that is observable in the impedance function of a lossless winding,viz.,the ratio of the product of squares of open circuit natural frequencies to the product of squares of short circuit natural frequencies bears a special relation to impedance function coefficients.Its feasibility was initially verified by simulation,and then by experiments on small-sized continuous-disk and interleaved-disc windings,followed by a large-sized 33 kV,3.5 MVA continuous-disc winding,and finally on a 315 kVA 11/13.8 kV transformer.After measuring FRA,the process involves just finding roots of a polynomial,from which the initial impulse voltage distribution constant and series capacitance can directly be determined.Given these attractive features,authors believe that this method is implementable on existing FRA instruments,so that,along with routinely measured FRA,these two important constants of a winding can be displayed.展开更多
Objective: The aim of the present study was to check the potential interaction of two neurodevelopmental proteins, Disc1 and Gas7, in the adult mice brain. Methods: Twenty-four male Swiss albino mice were used for the...Objective: The aim of the present study was to check the potential interaction of two neurodevelopmental proteins, Disc1 and Gas7, in the adult mice brain. Methods: Twenty-four male Swiss albino mice were used for the study. The mice were 12 weeks old in the beginning of the experiment. Immunohistochemistry and co-immunofluorescence were performed on the coronal sections of mice brain and immunoblotting and co-immunoprecipitation were done on the whole brain lysate. Results: Data from immunohistochemistry and co-immunofluorescence indicate the occurrence and co-localization of Disc1 and Gas7 proteins in soma and projections of the brain cells. Immunostaining was observed in cerebral cortex, hypothalamus, midbrain, pons, medulla oblongata and CA3 of hippocampus of the brain. The data from Immunoblotting and co-immunoprecipitation validates the presence and interaction of Disc1 and Gas7 protein in whole brain lysate. Conclusion: Data indicates the potential interaction of Disc1 and Gas7 protein in adult brain. The study highlights the need for further research on Disc1-Gas7 protein interaction in brain development and neuro-disorders.展开更多
Aim:Negative pressure wound therapy(NPWT)has achieved widespread success in the treatment of chronic wounds.However,its effects have been only partially explored,and investigations have generally concentrated on the w...Aim:Negative pressure wound therapy(NPWT)has achieved widespread success in the treatment of chronic wounds.However,its effects have been only partially explored,and investigations have generally concentrated on the wound-dressing interface;a detailed histopathological description of the evolution of wounds under NPWT is still lacking.The present study was performed to investigate the effect of a limited access dressing(LAD)which exerts intermittent NPWT in a moist environment on chronic wounds.Methods:A total of 140 patients were randomized into 2 groups:LAD group(n=64)and conventional dressing group(n=76).By histopathological analysis of the granulation tissue,the amount of inflammatory infiltrate,necrotic tissue,angiogenesis,and extracellular matrix(ECM)deposition was studied and compared to determine healing between the 2 groups.Results:After 10 days of treatment,histopathological analysis showed a significant decrease in necrotic tissue with LAD compared to the conventional dressing group(mean±standard error,11.5±0.48 vs.10.1±0.30,P=0.007),the number of inflammatory cells(12.6±0.60 vs.8.63±0.35,P=0.018),a significant increase in new blood vessels(12.8±0.58 vs.9.3±0.29,P=0.005)and ECM deposit(13.3±0.50 vs.9.6±0.24,P=0.001).Conclusion:LAD exerts its beneficial effects on chronic wound healing by decreasing the amount of necrotic tissue and inflammatory cells while increasing the amount of ECM deposition and angiogenesis.展开更多
Background: The aim of the present study was to investigate if high amplitude high frequency oscillations(haHFOs) could be a biomarker of posttraumatic epileptogenesis. Methods: After an initial craniotomy of rats and...Background: The aim of the present study was to investigate if high amplitude high frequency oscillations(haHFOs) could be a biomarker of posttraumatic epileptogenesis. Methods: After an initial craniotomy of rats and inducement of traumatic brain injury(TBI) through a fluid percussion, recording microelectrodes were implanted bilaterally in different brain areas.Wideband brain electrical activity was recorded intermittently from Day 1 of TBI and continued till week 21. HaHFO analysis was performed during the first 4 weeks to investigate whether the occurrence of this brain activity predicted development of epilepsy or not. Results: Of the 21 rats which received the TBI, 9 became epileptic(E+) and 12 did not(E-). HaH FOs were observed in the prefrontal and perilesional cortices, hippocampus, and striatum in both E+ and E-group. In comparison to the rats in E-, the E+ group showed a significant increase in the rate of haHFO from weeks 1 to 4 after TBI.Conclusion: The results indicate that an increase in the rate of haHFOs after TBI could be an electroencephalographic biomarker of posttraumatic epileptogenesis.展开更多
文摘The carrier fluid (air or water) is used to transport solid material from the source place to its destination point through pipeline. Using air as carrier fluid to transport solid material through pipeline is called Pneumo transport, whereas transporting material with water or any other liquid through pipeline is called as hydraulic transport. A large number of installations are now available globally to transport solid materials to short, medium, and long distances using water/air as carrier fluid. However, the design of such system of pipeline is still an empirical art. In the present investigation, one generalized mathematical model developed by Shrivastava and Kar (SK Model) and CFD models were used and compared with experimental results for pneumatic and hydraulic transport of granular solids. The motivation of present work is to find the accuracy of SK model based on analytical, empirical and semi-empirical for the prediction of pressure drop and comparing the result with CFD based on mathematical equation for the mixture flow in the horizontal and vertical pipe lines. The comparison of pressure drop results obtained by using SK model and CFD model were validated with the experimental results for pneumatic and hydraulic transport of solids through. From the comparison results, it was observed that the results of pressure drop predicted by SK model are more accurate than the CFD models for all the cases considered.
文摘Angiogenesis plays a crucial role in wound healing by forming new blood vessels from preexisting vessels by invading the wound clot and organizing into a microvascular network throughout the granulation tissue.This dynamic process is highly regulated by signals from both serum and the surrounding extracellular matrix environment.Vascular endothelial growth factor,angiopoietin,fibroblast growth factor and transforming growth factor-beta are among the potent angiogenic cytokines in wound angiogenesis.Specific endothelial cell ECM receptors are critical for morphogenetic changes in blood vessels during wound repair.In particular integrin(αvβ3)receptors for fibrin and fibronectin,appear to be required for wound angiogenesis:αvβ3 is focally expressed at the tips of angiogenic capillary sprouts invading the wound clot,and any functional inhibitors ofαvβ3 such as monoclonal antibodies,cyclic RGD peptide antagonists,and peptidomimetics rapidly inhibit granulation tissue formation.In spite of clear knowledge about influence of many angiogenic factors on wound healing,little progress has been made in defining the source of these factors,the regulatory events involved in wound angiogenesis and in the clinical use of angiogenic stimulants to promote repair.
文摘A simple procedure to estimate series capacitance of a uniform transformer winding from its measured frequency response analysis(FRA)and shunt capacitance is presented.Unlike previously published approaches,this method does not involve any cumbersome and time-consuming curve-fitting nor running optimisation/search algorithms,and neither does it require data of winding geometry.The procedure relies on a property that is observable in the impedance function of a lossless winding,viz.,the ratio of the product of squares of open circuit natural frequencies to the product of squares of short circuit natural frequencies bears a special relation to impedance function coefficients.Its feasibility was initially verified by simulation,and then by experiments on small-sized continuous-disk and interleaved-disc windings,followed by a large-sized 33 kV,3.5 MVA continuous-disc winding,and finally on a 315 kVA 11/13.8 kV transformer.After measuring FRA,the process involves just finding roots of a polynomial,from which the initial impulse voltage distribution constant and series capacitance can directly be determined.Given these attractive features,authors believe that this method is implementable on existing FRA instruments,so that,along with routinely measured FRA,these two important constants of a winding can be displayed.
文摘Objective: The aim of the present study was to check the potential interaction of two neurodevelopmental proteins, Disc1 and Gas7, in the adult mice brain. Methods: Twenty-four male Swiss albino mice were used for the study. The mice were 12 weeks old in the beginning of the experiment. Immunohistochemistry and co-immunofluorescence were performed on the coronal sections of mice brain and immunoblotting and co-immunoprecipitation were done on the whole brain lysate. Results: Data from immunohistochemistry and co-immunofluorescence indicate the occurrence and co-localization of Disc1 and Gas7 proteins in soma and projections of the brain cells. Immunostaining was observed in cerebral cortex, hypothalamus, midbrain, pons, medulla oblongata and CA3 of hippocampus of the brain. The data from Immunoblotting and co-immunoprecipitation validates the presence and interaction of Disc1 and Gas7 protein in whole brain lysate. Conclusion: Data indicates the potential interaction of Disc1 and Gas7 protein in adult brain. The study highlights the need for further research on Disc1-Gas7 protein interaction in brain development and neuro-disorders.
文摘Aim:Negative pressure wound therapy(NPWT)has achieved widespread success in the treatment of chronic wounds.However,its effects have been only partially explored,and investigations have generally concentrated on the wound-dressing interface;a detailed histopathological description of the evolution of wounds under NPWT is still lacking.The present study was performed to investigate the effect of a limited access dressing(LAD)which exerts intermittent NPWT in a moist environment on chronic wounds.Methods:A total of 140 patients were randomized into 2 groups:LAD group(n=64)and conventional dressing group(n=76).By histopathological analysis of the granulation tissue,the amount of inflammatory infiltrate,necrotic tissue,angiogenesis,and extracellular matrix(ECM)deposition was studied and compared to determine healing between the 2 groups.Results:After 10 days of treatment,histopathological analysis showed a significant decrease in necrotic tissue with LAD compared to the conventional dressing group(mean±standard error,11.5±0.48 vs.10.1±0.30,P=0.007),the number of inflammatory cells(12.6±0.60 vs.8.63±0.35,P=0.018),a significant increase in new blood vessels(12.8±0.58 vs.9.3±0.29,P=0.005)and ECM deposit(13.3±0.50 vs.9.6±0.24,P=0.001).Conclusion:LAD exerts its beneficial effects on chronic wound healing by decreasing the amount of necrotic tissue and inflammatory cells while increasing the amount of ECM deposition and angiogenesis.
基金supported by research grants from the National Institutes of Health,USA。
文摘Background: The aim of the present study was to investigate if high amplitude high frequency oscillations(haHFOs) could be a biomarker of posttraumatic epileptogenesis. Methods: After an initial craniotomy of rats and inducement of traumatic brain injury(TBI) through a fluid percussion, recording microelectrodes were implanted bilaterally in different brain areas.Wideband brain electrical activity was recorded intermittently from Day 1 of TBI and continued till week 21. HaHFO analysis was performed during the first 4 weeks to investigate whether the occurrence of this brain activity predicted development of epilepsy or not. Results: Of the 21 rats which received the TBI, 9 became epileptic(E+) and 12 did not(E-). HaH FOs were observed in the prefrontal and perilesional cortices, hippocampus, and striatum in both E+ and E-group. In comparison to the rats in E-, the E+ group showed a significant increase in the rate of haHFO from weeks 1 to 4 after TBI.Conclusion: The results indicate that an increase in the rate of haHFOs after TBI could be an electroencephalographic biomarker of posttraumatic epileptogenesis.
