A survey of Fertility Cancer and Hereditary Risks in Soil Sample of Nasarawa was carried out.This study assessed the level of Fertility Cancer and Hereditary Risks from the naturally occurring radionuclides;^(232)Th,^...A survey of Fertility Cancer and Hereditary Risks in Soil Sample of Nasarawa was carried out.This study assessed the level of Fertility Cancer and Hereditary Risks from the naturally occurring radionuclides;^(232)Th,^(226)Ra and ^(40)K.12 soil samples collected from the respective part of the Nasarawa were analyzed using the gamma-ray spectrometry NaI(Tl)detector system.The mean concentration for ^(40)K was 645.29±07.32 Bq/kg,for ^(226)Ra was 28.43±4.8422 Bq/Kg and for ^(232)Th was 66.84±2.0201 Bq/Kg.The average effective dose due to the ingestion was 0.36±0.1μSv/y which was approximately 1000 times lower than the world average effective dose.Radium equivalent activity Ra_(eq)(Bq/kg),alpha index and total cancer risk were found to be 161.44±8.08 Bq/kg,0.142±0.02 and(0.21±0.05)×10^(-5) respectively.UNSCEAR/USEPA stipulated that;radium equivalent activity,alpha index,effective dose and total cancer risk should not exceed the limit of 370 Bq/kg,unity,300μSv/y and 1×10^(-4) respectively.Hence the values obtained in this work were within the acceptable limits.This implies that the ingestion or inhalation of soil is not associated with any radiological risk of concern.展开更多
Accumulation of heavy metals in agricultural soils is instigated by industrial and other human activities such as mining,smelting,cement-pollution,energy and fuel production,power transmission,traffic activities,inten...Accumulation of heavy metals in agricultural soils is instigated by industrial and other human activities such as mining,smelting,cement-pollution,energy and fuel production,power transmission,traffic activities,intensive agriculture,sludge dumping and melting operations.Plants received heavy metals from soils through ionic exchange,redox reactions,precipitation-dissolution,and so on,which implies that the solubility of trace elements based on factors like minerals in the soil(carbonates,oxide,hydroxide etc.),soil organic matter(humic acids,fulvic acids,polysaccharides and organic acids),soil pH,redox potential,content,nutrient balance,other trace elements concentration in soil,physical and mechanical characteristics of soil,soil temperature and humidity,and so on.In this study,the soil-edible plant and soil-water Transfer Factor(TF)for various metals showed that the TF values differed slightly between the locations.On soil-edible plant transfer,the mean TF for different heavy metals in soil-edible plants decreased in the following order:As(0.6)mg/kg>Cd(0.1)mg/kg>Cr(0.06)mg/kg>Pb(0.003)mg/kg>Ni(0.001)mg/kg.The total TF for different locations decreases in the following order:Barkin Ladi(1.0)mg/kg>Jos South and Jos East(0.7)mg/kg>Bassa and Mangu(0.6)mg/kg.On soil-water transfer,the mean TF for different heavy metals in soil-edible plants decreased in the following order:Cd(0.001)mg/L>As(0.0007)mg/L>Cr(0.0005)mg/L>Pb(0.0001)mg/L and Ni(0.0001)mg/L.The total TF for different locations decreases in the following order:Jos South(0.003)mg/kg>Barkin Ladi,Bassa,Jos East and Mangu(0.002)mg/kg.Based on the findings of this study,it can be concluded that the water and edible plants in the study area are good for public consumption,even though,regular checking of heavy metals in the study area is recommended.展开更多
The association of radiation with matter,being it from external means(i.e.external sources)or from internal pollution of the body by toxic substances,can pose biological hazard which may show the clinical symptoms lat...The association of radiation with matter,being it from external means(i.e.external sources)or from internal pollution of the body by toxic substances,can pose biological hazard which may show the clinical symptoms later.The nature and extent of these symptoms and the time they take to appear are a function of the amount of radiation absorbed and the rate at which it is received.This study aimed at assessing the health effects of radiation exposure to human sensitive organs across some selected mining sites of Plateau State Nigeria.Finding of this study have revealed that the mean Dorgan values for the lungs,ovaries,bone marrow,testes,kidney,liver and whole body for different mining points of Plateau State are 0.29 mSv/y,0.26 mSv/y,0.31 mSv/y,0.36 mSv/y,0.28 mSv/y,0.21 mSv/y and 0.30 mSv/y respectively.From the findings presented,it can be concluded that the background radiation in Plateau State is not an issue of health concern in regards to sensitive organs and may not course immediate health effect except when accumulated over long period of time which may cause cancer to the indoor members on approximately seventy years of exposure.展开更多
The research intends to bring out the contribution of leachate on groundwater in two dumpsites in Nguru and Potiskum all in Yobe state,Nigeria.A total of seven(7)and eight(8)VES by Schlumberger electrode with the use ...The research intends to bring out the contribution of leachate on groundwater in two dumpsites in Nguru and Potiskum all in Yobe state,Nigeria.A total of seven(7)and eight(8)VES by Schlumberger electrode with the use of Wenner electrode configuration.The results were interpreted by the use of WinRESIST for VES and IPWIN2INV for ERT.The study pointed out that,the area in question is comprised of four layers of geoelectric such as the topsoil,clay,sand,sandy clay and sand.The range of the first resistivity layer was from 6.16Ωm to 332Ωm in the first geo-electric layer and its thickness range from 2.77 m to 37.7 m and a depth range of 2.77 m to 37.7 m.the range of the second resistivity layer was from 16.5Ωm to 37.9Ωm which has the range of its thickness from 4.1 m to 10.7 m.The range of the third resistivity layer was from 101.2Ωm to 288.2Ωm which has the range of its thickness from 38.9 m to 99.7 m,and the first aquifer in the area.The range of the first resistivity layer was from 100.7Ωm to 214.3Ωm which has the range of its thickness from 28.5 m to 94 m.The fifth layer which is the second aquifer and has resistivity from 254Ωm to 350Ωm with a very large thickness.The range of the first resistivity aquifer is from 101.2Ωm to 288.2Ωm and the range of the second resistivity aquifer is from 253.8Ωm to 350.1Ωm.The 2D ERT profiles unveiled areas with low resistant zones and later discussed as zones penetrated by contaminants originated from dumpsites whereas high resistant zones represent areas of low or non-conductive materials in the area.Data obtained from four dumpsites indicated that leachate of the waste dumpsites penetrated into aquifers and polluted the groundwater.The existence of contaminants in the water was noted by a decrease in the formation resistant values.It is seen,from the results of the survey(geophysical)that the water in the area is polluted and it accounts for the prevalence of any disease related to water that are common in the area.展开更多
文摘A survey of Fertility Cancer and Hereditary Risks in Soil Sample of Nasarawa was carried out.This study assessed the level of Fertility Cancer and Hereditary Risks from the naturally occurring radionuclides;^(232)Th,^(226)Ra and ^(40)K.12 soil samples collected from the respective part of the Nasarawa were analyzed using the gamma-ray spectrometry NaI(Tl)detector system.The mean concentration for ^(40)K was 645.29±07.32 Bq/kg,for ^(226)Ra was 28.43±4.8422 Bq/Kg and for ^(232)Th was 66.84±2.0201 Bq/Kg.The average effective dose due to the ingestion was 0.36±0.1μSv/y which was approximately 1000 times lower than the world average effective dose.Radium equivalent activity Ra_(eq)(Bq/kg),alpha index and total cancer risk were found to be 161.44±8.08 Bq/kg,0.142±0.02 and(0.21±0.05)×10^(-5) respectively.UNSCEAR/USEPA stipulated that;radium equivalent activity,alpha index,effective dose and total cancer risk should not exceed the limit of 370 Bq/kg,unity,300μSv/y and 1×10^(-4) respectively.Hence the values obtained in this work were within the acceptable limits.This implies that the ingestion or inhalation of soil is not associated with any radiological risk of concern.
文摘Accumulation of heavy metals in agricultural soils is instigated by industrial and other human activities such as mining,smelting,cement-pollution,energy and fuel production,power transmission,traffic activities,intensive agriculture,sludge dumping and melting operations.Plants received heavy metals from soils through ionic exchange,redox reactions,precipitation-dissolution,and so on,which implies that the solubility of trace elements based on factors like minerals in the soil(carbonates,oxide,hydroxide etc.),soil organic matter(humic acids,fulvic acids,polysaccharides and organic acids),soil pH,redox potential,content,nutrient balance,other trace elements concentration in soil,physical and mechanical characteristics of soil,soil temperature and humidity,and so on.In this study,the soil-edible plant and soil-water Transfer Factor(TF)for various metals showed that the TF values differed slightly between the locations.On soil-edible plant transfer,the mean TF for different heavy metals in soil-edible plants decreased in the following order:As(0.6)mg/kg>Cd(0.1)mg/kg>Cr(0.06)mg/kg>Pb(0.003)mg/kg>Ni(0.001)mg/kg.The total TF for different locations decreases in the following order:Barkin Ladi(1.0)mg/kg>Jos South and Jos East(0.7)mg/kg>Bassa and Mangu(0.6)mg/kg.On soil-water transfer,the mean TF for different heavy metals in soil-edible plants decreased in the following order:Cd(0.001)mg/L>As(0.0007)mg/L>Cr(0.0005)mg/L>Pb(0.0001)mg/L and Ni(0.0001)mg/L.The total TF for different locations decreases in the following order:Jos South(0.003)mg/kg>Barkin Ladi,Bassa,Jos East and Mangu(0.002)mg/kg.Based on the findings of this study,it can be concluded that the water and edible plants in the study area are good for public consumption,even though,regular checking of heavy metals in the study area is recommended.
文摘The association of radiation with matter,being it from external means(i.e.external sources)or from internal pollution of the body by toxic substances,can pose biological hazard which may show the clinical symptoms later.The nature and extent of these symptoms and the time they take to appear are a function of the amount of radiation absorbed and the rate at which it is received.This study aimed at assessing the health effects of radiation exposure to human sensitive organs across some selected mining sites of Plateau State Nigeria.Finding of this study have revealed that the mean Dorgan values for the lungs,ovaries,bone marrow,testes,kidney,liver and whole body for different mining points of Plateau State are 0.29 mSv/y,0.26 mSv/y,0.31 mSv/y,0.36 mSv/y,0.28 mSv/y,0.21 mSv/y and 0.30 mSv/y respectively.From the findings presented,it can be concluded that the background radiation in Plateau State is not an issue of health concern in regards to sensitive organs and may not course immediate health effect except when accumulated over long period of time which may cause cancer to the indoor members on approximately seventy years of exposure.
文摘The research intends to bring out the contribution of leachate on groundwater in two dumpsites in Nguru and Potiskum all in Yobe state,Nigeria.A total of seven(7)and eight(8)VES by Schlumberger electrode with the use of Wenner electrode configuration.The results were interpreted by the use of WinRESIST for VES and IPWIN2INV for ERT.The study pointed out that,the area in question is comprised of four layers of geoelectric such as the topsoil,clay,sand,sandy clay and sand.The range of the first resistivity layer was from 6.16Ωm to 332Ωm in the first geo-electric layer and its thickness range from 2.77 m to 37.7 m and a depth range of 2.77 m to 37.7 m.the range of the second resistivity layer was from 16.5Ωm to 37.9Ωm which has the range of its thickness from 4.1 m to 10.7 m.The range of the third resistivity layer was from 101.2Ωm to 288.2Ωm which has the range of its thickness from 38.9 m to 99.7 m,and the first aquifer in the area.The range of the first resistivity layer was from 100.7Ωm to 214.3Ωm which has the range of its thickness from 28.5 m to 94 m.The fifth layer which is the second aquifer and has resistivity from 254Ωm to 350Ωm with a very large thickness.The range of the first resistivity aquifer is from 101.2Ωm to 288.2Ωm and the range of the second resistivity aquifer is from 253.8Ωm to 350.1Ωm.The 2D ERT profiles unveiled areas with low resistant zones and later discussed as zones penetrated by contaminants originated from dumpsites whereas high resistant zones represent areas of low or non-conductive materials in the area.Data obtained from four dumpsites indicated that leachate of the waste dumpsites penetrated into aquifers and polluted the groundwater.The existence of contaminants in the water was noted by a decrease in the formation resistant values.It is seen,from the results of the survey(geophysical)that the water in the area is polluted and it accounts for the prevalence of any disease related to water that are common in the area.
