The aim of the study was for the first time to investigate patients’ own experiences of developing healthy behavior in connection with their participation in Mindfulness-Based Cognitive Therapy (MBCT). Healthy behavi...The aim of the study was for the first time to investigate patients’ own experiences of developing healthy behavior in connection with their participation in Mindfulness-Based Cognitive Therapy (MBCT). Healthy behaviors were defined as those which aimed to improve the individual’s well-being and physical function. Two women, diagnosed with bipolar illness or depressive episodes, were recruited from a group of clients in psychiatric care who both had been treated according to MBCT. The two clients shared their views of what changes they experienced during the treatment in semi structured interviews. Data analysis was performed according to the Empirical Phenomenological Psychological (EPP) method. The analysis generated five main themes which were shown to create a causal chain where paths to healthy behavior contributed to a process of change which was mirrored in comprehensive distancing, which in turn facilitated a reduced tendency of illness-identity and the acquiring of new proficiencies which could be generalized to different situations in daily life which led to insights about healthier behavior.展开更多
Background: The guidance of prospective therapists focused on Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) is most often made by groups of four students. However, learning therapist skills is a sensitive process that will be af...Background: The guidance of prospective therapists focused on Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) is most often made by groups of four students. However, learning therapist skills is a sensitive process that will be affected by the processes which occur within the group. Objective: The aim was to examine prospective psychotherapists’ attitudes to group assessments based on the revised version of the Cognitive Therapy Scale (CTS-R). Method: Participants were 56 students with an average age of 45.65 years (range = 31 - 64). They were recruited from psychotherapy training at the Gothenburg University and the Evidens University College in Sweden. A questionnaire was constructed in which the questions were answered by check on visual analogue scales (VAS). Results: A majority of students consisting of 38 participants (68%) had a very positive approach to group assessments, while a minority of 18 participants (32%) was more negative. Most crucial for how to answer the question of group assessments was whether they considered themselves as fairly evaluated by their student colleagues within the group and whether or not only the supervisor should make the assessments. The view of group assessments (negative or positive) was not related to age, gender, and level of education in CBT or profession. In addition, both groups had a very positive view of both the CTS-R and the supervisors. Conclusion: It was concluded that more studies with the same focus are needed to determine the extent to which the results are generalizable.展开更多
The Clinical Strategies Implementation scale (CSI) was originally designed to be used by external reviewers in order to measure the extent to which evidence-based strategies had been implemented in the treatment of pe...The Clinical Strategies Implementation scale (CSI) was originally designed to be used by external reviewers in order to measure the extent to which evidence-based strategies had been implemented in the treatment of persons with schizophrenia spectrum disorders according to Resource-group Assertive Community Treatment (RACT). The present investigation had two aims: 1) to conduct a revision of CSI and to examine the revised instrument (CSI-R) in terms of interrater reliability (Study I);2) to compare assessments of CSI-R made by experienced assessors with assessments made by students in case management (Study II) in order to determine whether the instrument has validity even when more inexperienced persons are using it. In Study I six raters, who took part in 12 to 15 cases from three outpatient community mental health teams, participated. Results indicated that internal consistency of the CSI-R was strong (alpha = 0.89) as well as correlations between individual raters’ (r between 0.80-0.98). In Study II 91 newly trained RACT praxis trainees participated. Each of them followed one case for eighteen months, i.e., the client which they had been assigned during training (n = 91). The five external auditors in the education program then independently assessed the 91 cases with the CSI-R. Results showed significant correlations between experts and trainees (rho = 0.68,展开更多
OBJECTIVE. The relationships between subjective satisfaction, distress and quality of life for severely mental ill patients with different functional levels and gender was investigated in a multi-center cohort, using ...OBJECTIVE. The relationships between subjective satisfaction, distress and quality of life for severely mental ill patients with different functional levels and gender was investigated in a multi-center cohort, using a balanced mix of subjective and clinician ratings in an outcome-informed model for a clinical management based on shared decision making, 'The Quality star'. METHODS. Naturalistic data for 2552 persons, mainly with schizophrenia diagnoses, in long-term treatment and rehabilitation, were analyzed in a cross-sectional study. RESULTS. With increasing Social Function, rated with the split-GAF Disability/Functioning scale, the better were patients' Satisfaction, subjective Quality of life and Perceived Global Distress. Women were more satisfied with the care but also more distressed. CONCLUSION. Main findings were in line with other studies. However, the gender differences are in line with some, but not with other, studies. This poses questions how patient factors, instrument constructs, and treatment, especially shared decision making, influence subjective reports.展开更多
The aim of this single-subject study was to report experiences from one and a half years of regular floating as described by a person with neuropsychiatric and mental health disorders. Floating, or Flotation Restricte...The aim of this single-subject study was to report experiences from one and a half years of regular floating as described by a person with neuropsychiatric and mental health disorders. Floating, or Flotation Restricted Environmental Stimulation Technique, involves relaxation and sensory deprivation by means of resting in a tank with highly salted and body-tempered water. The subject, a 24-year-old woman diagnosed with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, atypical autism, post-traumatic stress disorder, anxiety and depression floated regularly for one and a half years. Interviews regarding her experiences were analyzed and the main findings involved a subjective sense of improved quality of life, wellbeing and healthy behavior. There were no negative effects from treatment. Results suggest that floating may have beneficial therapeutic effects on mental health. Further studies that evaluate the efficacy and possible effects of floating with regard to mental health are needed.展开更多
The purpose of this project was to do a qualitative study of an integrated and flexible ACT model,the Resource Group Assertive Community Treatment(RACT),as seen from the perspective of case managers in training.The re...The purpose of this project was to do a qualitative study of an integrated and flexible ACT model,the Resource Group Assertive Community Treatment(RACT),as seen from the perspective of case managers in training.The resource group normally consists of the client,the case manager and other available personnel in the medical and support areas,as well as family members.Nineteen theses were randomly chosen from a set of 80 theses written by a group of Swedish trainee case managers.The exams were conducted as case studies and concerned 19 clients with psychotic problems,11 men and 8 women.“The Empirical Phenomenological Psychological Method”was used in the analysis,which generated five overarching themes:(a)the RACT program;(b)the resource group;(c)the empowerment of the client;(d)progress in treatment;and(e)the case manager.These together constituted a“therapeutic circle,”in which methods and tools used within the RACT made it possible for the resource group to empower the clients who,as a result,experienced progress with treatment,during which the case manager was the unifying and connecting link.展开更多
Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder(ADHD)occurs in approximately 5%of the adult population and includes cardinal symptoms of hyperactivity,inattention,and impulsivity that may be difficult to identify with clinic...Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder(ADHD)occurs in approximately 5%of the adult population and includes cardinal symptoms of hyperactivity,inattention,and impulsivity that may be difficult to identify with clinical routine methods.Continuous performance tests are objective measures of inattention and impulsivity that,combined with objective measures of motor activity,facilitate identification of ADHD among adults.The aim of the present study was to examine the sensitivity,specificity,and a composite measure of ADHD using objective measures of the ADHD-cardinal symptoms in adult participants with ADHD and non-ADHD normative participants.Cardinal symptoms were measured in 55 participants having ADHD,202 non-ADHD normative participants,as well as 84 ADHD normative participants using the Quantified Behavior Test Plus.This test measures inattention and impulsivity using a continuous performance test,and hyperactivity using a motion-tracking system.A predictive variable for the detection of ADHD called Prediction of ADHD yielded 86% sensitivity and 83% specificity.A composite measure of ADHD cardinal symptoms was developed using a Weighed Core Symptoms scale that indicated the total amount of ADHD symptoms on a numeric scale from 0 to 100.The total amount of ADHD symptoms was measured on a scale and predicted with the categorical variable in a majority of the cases in the present study.Further studies are needed in order to confirm the results with regard to additional clinical and normative samples.Careful consideration of potential sex and diagnostic subtype differences are noteworthy aspects for future examinations of the new instruments.展开更多
文摘The aim of the study was for the first time to investigate patients’ own experiences of developing healthy behavior in connection with their participation in Mindfulness-Based Cognitive Therapy (MBCT). Healthy behaviors were defined as those which aimed to improve the individual’s well-being and physical function. Two women, diagnosed with bipolar illness or depressive episodes, were recruited from a group of clients in psychiatric care who both had been treated according to MBCT. The two clients shared their views of what changes they experienced during the treatment in semi structured interviews. Data analysis was performed according to the Empirical Phenomenological Psychological (EPP) method. The analysis generated five main themes which were shown to create a causal chain where paths to healthy behavior contributed to a process of change which was mirrored in comprehensive distancing, which in turn facilitated a reduced tendency of illness-identity and the acquiring of new proficiencies which could be generalized to different situations in daily life which led to insights about healthier behavior.
文摘Background: The guidance of prospective therapists focused on Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) is most often made by groups of four students. However, learning therapist skills is a sensitive process that will be affected by the processes which occur within the group. Objective: The aim was to examine prospective psychotherapists’ attitudes to group assessments based on the revised version of the Cognitive Therapy Scale (CTS-R). Method: Participants were 56 students with an average age of 45.65 years (range = 31 - 64). They were recruited from psychotherapy training at the Gothenburg University and the Evidens University College in Sweden. A questionnaire was constructed in which the questions were answered by check on visual analogue scales (VAS). Results: A majority of students consisting of 38 participants (68%) had a very positive approach to group assessments, while a minority of 18 participants (32%) was more negative. Most crucial for how to answer the question of group assessments was whether they considered themselves as fairly evaluated by their student colleagues within the group and whether or not only the supervisor should make the assessments. The view of group assessments (negative or positive) was not related to age, gender, and level of education in CBT or profession. In addition, both groups had a very positive view of both the CTS-R and the supervisors. Conclusion: It was concluded that more studies with the same focus are needed to determine the extent to which the results are generalizable.
文摘The Clinical Strategies Implementation scale (CSI) was originally designed to be used by external reviewers in order to measure the extent to which evidence-based strategies had been implemented in the treatment of persons with schizophrenia spectrum disorders according to Resource-group Assertive Community Treatment (RACT). The present investigation had two aims: 1) to conduct a revision of CSI and to examine the revised instrument (CSI-R) in terms of interrater reliability (Study I);2) to compare assessments of CSI-R made by experienced assessors with assessments made by students in case management (Study II) in order to determine whether the instrument has validity even when more inexperienced persons are using it. In Study I six raters, who took part in 12 to 15 cases from three outpatient community mental health teams, participated. Results indicated that internal consistency of the CSI-R was strong (alpha = 0.89) as well as correlations between individual raters’ (r between 0.80-0.98). In Study II 91 newly trained RACT praxis trainees participated. Each of them followed one case for eighteen months, i.e., the client which they had been assigned during training (n = 91). The five external auditors in the education program then independently assessed the 91 cases with the CSI-R. Results showed significant correlations between experts and trainees (rho = 0.68,
文摘OBJECTIVE. The relationships between subjective satisfaction, distress and quality of life for severely mental ill patients with different functional levels and gender was investigated in a multi-center cohort, using a balanced mix of subjective and clinician ratings in an outcome-informed model for a clinical management based on shared decision making, 'The Quality star'. METHODS. Naturalistic data for 2552 persons, mainly with schizophrenia diagnoses, in long-term treatment and rehabilitation, were analyzed in a cross-sectional study. RESULTS. With increasing Social Function, rated with the split-GAF Disability/Functioning scale, the better were patients' Satisfaction, subjective Quality of life and Perceived Global Distress. Women were more satisfied with the care but also more distressed. CONCLUSION. Main findings were in line with other studies. However, the gender differences are in line with some, but not with other, studies. This poses questions how patient factors, instrument constructs, and treatment, especially shared decision making, influence subjective reports.
基金supported by unrestricted grants from the County Council(Landstinget)of Varmland,LiV,Sweden.
文摘The aim of this single-subject study was to report experiences from one and a half years of regular floating as described by a person with neuropsychiatric and mental health disorders. Floating, or Flotation Restricted Environmental Stimulation Technique, involves relaxation and sensory deprivation by means of resting in a tank with highly salted and body-tempered water. The subject, a 24-year-old woman diagnosed with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, atypical autism, post-traumatic stress disorder, anxiety and depression floated regularly for one and a half years. Interviews regarding her experiences were analyzed and the main findings involved a subjective sense of improved quality of life, wellbeing and healthy behavior. There were no negative effects from treatment. Results suggest that floating may have beneficial therapeutic effects on mental health. Further studies that evaluate the efficacy and possible effects of floating with regard to mental health are needed.
文摘The purpose of this project was to do a qualitative study of an integrated and flexible ACT model,the Resource Group Assertive Community Treatment(RACT),as seen from the perspective of case managers in training.The resource group normally consists of the client,the case manager and other available personnel in the medical and support areas,as well as family members.Nineteen theses were randomly chosen from a set of 80 theses written by a group of Swedish trainee case managers.The exams were conducted as case studies and concerned 19 clients with psychotic problems,11 men and 8 women.“The Empirical Phenomenological Psychological Method”was used in the analysis,which generated five overarching themes:(a)the RACT program;(b)the resource group;(c)the empowerment of the client;(d)progress in treatment;and(e)the case manager.These together constituted a“therapeutic circle,”in which methods and tools used within the RACT made it possible for the resource group to empower the clients who,as a result,experienced progress with treatment,during which the case manager was the unifying and connecting link.
基金supported by unrestricted grants from the County Council(Landstinget)of Värmland,LiV,Sweden,and Janssen-Cilag AB,Sollentuna,Sweden.
文摘Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder(ADHD)occurs in approximately 5%of the adult population and includes cardinal symptoms of hyperactivity,inattention,and impulsivity that may be difficult to identify with clinical routine methods.Continuous performance tests are objective measures of inattention and impulsivity that,combined with objective measures of motor activity,facilitate identification of ADHD among adults.The aim of the present study was to examine the sensitivity,specificity,and a composite measure of ADHD using objective measures of the ADHD-cardinal symptoms in adult participants with ADHD and non-ADHD normative participants.Cardinal symptoms were measured in 55 participants having ADHD,202 non-ADHD normative participants,as well as 84 ADHD normative participants using the Quantified Behavior Test Plus.This test measures inattention and impulsivity using a continuous performance test,and hyperactivity using a motion-tracking system.A predictive variable for the detection of ADHD called Prediction of ADHD yielded 86% sensitivity and 83% specificity.A composite measure of ADHD cardinal symptoms was developed using a Weighed Core Symptoms scale that indicated the total amount of ADHD symptoms on a numeric scale from 0 to 100.The total amount of ADHD symptoms was measured on a scale and predicted with the categorical variable in a majority of the cases in the present study.Further studies are needed in order to confirm the results with regard to additional clinical and normative samples.Careful consideration of potential sex and diagnostic subtype differences are noteworthy aspects for future examinations of the new instruments.
