<div style="text-align:justify;"> Gansu Province is a large province in Western China, and its geographical location and economic status are very important. With the state’s attention to the western d...<div style="text-align:justify;"> Gansu Province is a large province in Western China, and its geographical location and economic status are very important. With the state’s attention to the western development, the economy of the western region represented by Gansu Province has developed rapidly, and the construction of roads and other infrastructure has also been developed. Taking Gansu Province as an example, this paper studies and discusses the application of highway maintenance platform based on GIS + BIM Technology. Firstly, this paper expounds the advantages of GIS + BIM Technology in highway construction and maintenance, and analyzes the development status of GIS + BIM Technology;Secondly, it expounds how to solve the problem of highway maintenance from the aspects of GIS + BIM system and its advantages and difficulties in highway maintenance, and briefly explains the difficulties existing in highway maintenance in Gansu Province. Then, starting from the path of GIS + BIM Technology to solve highway maintenance in Gansu Province, this paper analyzes the expected effect of GIS + BIM Technology in highway maintenance in Gansu Province. </div>展开更多
Hydraulic piston pumps are commonly used in aircraft. In order to improve the viability of aircraft and energy efficiency, intelligent variable pressure pump systems have been used in aircraft hydraulic systems more a...Hydraulic piston pumps are commonly used in aircraft. In order to improve the viability of aircraft and energy efficiency, intelligent variable pressure pump systems have been used in aircraft hydraulic systems more and more widely. Efficient fault diagnosis plays an important role in improving the reliability and performance of hydraulic systems. In this paper, a fault diagnosis method of an intelligent hydraulic pump system（IHPS） based on a nonlinear unknown input observer（NUIO） is proposed. Different from factors of a full-order Luenberger-type unknown input observer, nonlinear factors of the IHPS are considered in the NUIO. Firstly, a new type of intelligent pump is presented, the mathematical model of which is established to describe the IHPS. Taking into account the real-time requirements of the IHPS and the special structure of the pump, the mechanism of the intelligent pump and failure modes are analyzed and two typical failure modes are obtained. Furthermore, a NUIO of the IHPS is performed based on the output pressure and swashplate angle signals. With the residual error signals produced by the NUIO, online intelligent pump failure occurring in real-time can be detected. Lastly, through analysis and simulation, it is confirmed that this diagnostic method could accurately diagnose and isolate those typical failure modes of the nonlinear IHPS. The method proposed in this paper is of great significance in improving the reliability of the IHPS.展开更多
An accurate estimation of the remaining useful life（RUL） not only contributes to an effective application of an aviation piston pump, but also meets the necessity of condition based maintenance（CBM）. For the curre...An accurate estimation of the remaining useful life（RUL） not only contributes to an effective application of an aviation piston pump, but also meets the necessity of condition based maintenance（CBM）. For the current RUL evaluation methods, a model-based method is inappropriate for the degradation process of an aviation piston pump due to difficulties of modeling, while a data-based method rarely presents high-accuracy prediction in a long period of time. In this work,an adaptive-order particle filter（AOPF） prognostic process is proposed aiming at improving long-term prediction accuracy of RUL by combining both kinds of methods. A dynamic model is initialized by a data-driven or empirical method. When a new observation comes, the prior state distribution is approximated by a current model. The order of the current model is updated adaptively by fusing the information of the observation. Monte Carlo simulation is employed for estimating the posterior probability density function of future states of the pump＇s degradation.With updating the order number adaptively, the method presents a higher precision in contrast with those of traditional methods. In a case study, the proposed AOPF method is adopted to forecast the degradation status of an aviation piston pump with experimental return oil flow data, and the analytical results show the effectiveness of the proposed AOPF method.展开更多
The degradation of components in complex mechatronic systems involves multiple physical processes which will cause coupling interactions among nodes in the system.The interaction of nodes may be carried out not only b...The degradation of components in complex mechatronic systems involves multiple physical processes which will cause coupling interactions among nodes in the system.The interaction of nodes may be carried out not only by physical connections but also by the environment which cannot be described by single network using the traditional methods.In order to give out a unified model to quantitatively describe the coupling degradation spreading by both physical connections and environment,a novel Energy-Flow-Field Network(EFFN)and a coupling degradation model based on EFFN are proposed in this paper.The EFFN is driven by energy flow and the state transition of spatially related nodes is triggered by the dissipation energy.An application is conducted on aviation actuation system in which the degradation spreading by fluid-thermal-solid interaction is considered.The degradation path and the most probable fault reason can be obtained by combining the state transition and energy output of nodes,which is consistent with the given scenario.展开更多
A hydrogel dressing based on bacterial cellulose(BC),which is grafted with quaternary ammonium func-tional and crosslinked with the gelatin-heparin system,is prepared to provide the features mainly con-cerning softnes...A hydrogel dressing based on bacterial cellulose(BC),which is grafted with quaternary ammonium func-tional and crosslinked with the gelatin-heparin system,is prepared to provide the features mainly con-cerning softness,high swelling ratio,antibacterial property,and biocompatibility.An innovation of prepa-ration is that the BC is beaten into short-chain scaffolds to improve the efficiency of grafting,which not only simplifies the preparation process but also avoids the biotoxicity caused by the introduction of toxic catalyst such as dimethyl sulfoxide(DMSO)or uncertain toxic side products in long-chain graft-ing.Scanning electron microscopy(SEM)shows that the QBC/Hep/Gel composite hydrogel possesses a three-dimensional mesh structure with high porosity.The hydrogel shows outstanding water manage-ment performance indicated by the swelling ratio of 1476%,water retention ratio of more than 90%at 120 h,and moisture permeability of 3296 g m^(-2) 24 h^(-1).The antibacterial experiment is implemented with staphylococcus aureus,and the antibacterial effect is represented by an inhibition zone of 3 cm in diameter.In vivo animal experiments suggested that QBC/Hep/Gel could effectively promote epithelial reconstruction,collagen deposition,and angiogenesis in normal wounds,reduce inflammation,and ac-celerate wound healing.All these results indicate that the proposed QBC/Hep/Gel hydrogel is a potential composite for antibacterial dressing.展开更多
Non-point source(NPS)pollution has been the major cause of water quality degradation.However,there are still shortcomings in the current monitoring methods for NPS pollution,such as small monitoring range,error of mon...Non-point source(NPS)pollution has been the major cause of water quality degradation.However,there are still shortcomings in the current monitoring methods for NPS pollution,such as small monitoring range,error of monitoring data,time-consuming and laborious monitoring process.Although the established method,field experiment plots,was used effectively in the first and second national pollution source census in China.However,when the results obtained by monitoring experimental plots are extrapolated to a field or larger scale,there are considerable uncertainties because of the characteristics of large spatial and temporal variation of farmland.To optimize the farmland surface runoff monitoring methods,an online monitoring system for continuous cropping based on a serial pipeline was developed,which takes diversion trench,online flowmeter and dynamic acquisition device as the main body.Compared with the current farmland monitoring methods,this system can realize more precise automatic monitoring of water quantity and quality,and lower costs.This innovative method will provide greater confidence in the actual monitoring of NPS pollution from farmland and wider practical application.This new method could prove particularly valuable for the next national pollution source census in China.展开更多
Corresponding author’s name was incorrectly written as“Dadang Guo”instead of“Dagang Guo”.The correct author name should be“Dagang Guo”.The authors would like to apologise for any inconvenience caused.
This study is an optimized extension based on the authors’previous research on the tribo-chemical reaction under constant temperature field of two-stroke internal combustion engines(ICEs).It establishes a coupled ana...This study is an optimized extension based on the authors’previous research on the tribo-chemical reaction under constant temperature field of two-stroke internal combustion engines(ICEs).It establishes a coupled analysis model that considers the tribo-chemical reactions,dynamic contact,and interface lubrication of the piston ring-cylinder liner(PRCL)system under transient temperature conditions.In this study,for the first time,the prediction of the tribofilm thickness and its influence on the surface micro-topography(the comprehensive roughness)are coupled in the working temperature field of the PRCL system,forming an effective model framework and providing a model basis and analytical basis for subsequent research.This study findings reveal that by incorporating temperature and tribofilm into the simulation model,the average friction deviation throughout the stroke decreases from 8.92%to 0.93%when compared to experimental results.Moreover,the deviation during the combustion regime reduces from 39.56%to 7.34%.The proposed coupled model provides a valuable tool for the evaluation of lubrication performance of the PRCL system and supports the analysis software forward design in two-stroke ICEs.展开更多
Learning-based algorithm attracts great attention in the autonomous driving control field,especially for decisionmaking,to meet the challenge in long-tail extreme scenarios,where traditional methods demonstrate poor a...Learning-based algorithm attracts great attention in the autonomous driving control field,especially for decisionmaking,to meet the challenge in long-tail extreme scenarios,where traditional methods demonstrate poor adaptability even with a significant effort.To improve the autonomous driving performance in extreme scenarios,specifically consecutive sharp turns,three deep reinforcement learning algorithms,i.e.Deep Deterministic Policy Gradient(DDPG),Twin Delayed Deep Deterministic policy gradient(TD3),and Soft Actor-Critic(SAC),based decision-making policies are proposed in this study.The role of the observation variable in agent training is discussed by comparing the driving stability,average speed,and consumed computational effort of the proposed algorithms in curves with various curvatures.In addition,a novel reward-setting method that combines the states of the environment and the vehicle is proposed to solve the sparse reward problem in the reward-guided algorithm.Simulation results from the road with consecutive sharp turns show that the DDPG,SAC,and TD3 algorithms-based vehicles take 367.2,359.6,and 302.1 s to finish the task,respectively,which match the training results,and verifies the observation variable role in agent quality improvement.展开更多
The shadow tomography problem introduced by[1]is an important problem in quantum computing.Given an unknown-qubit quantum state,the goal is to estimate tr■,...,tr■using as least copies of■as possible,within an addi...The shadow tomography problem introduced by[1]is an important problem in quantum computing.Given an unknown-qubit quantum state,the goal is to estimate tr■,...,tr■using as least copies of■as possible,within an additive error of,whereF1,...,FM are known-outcome measurements.In this paper,we consider the shadow tomography problem with a potentially inaccurate prediction■of the true state■.This corresponds to practical cases where we possess prior knowledge of the unknown state.For example,in quantum verification or calibration,we may be aware of the quantum state that the quantum device is expected to generate.However,the actual state it generates may have deviations.We introduce an algorithm with sample complexity■(nmax{■ε}log2M/ε4.In the generic case,even if the prediction can be arbitrarily bad,our algorithm has the same complexity as the best algorithm without prediction[2].At the same time,as the prediction quality improves,the sample complexity can be reduced smoothly to■(nlog2M/ε3)when the trace distance between the prediction and the unknown state is■(ε).Furthermore,we conduct numerical experiments to validate our theoretical analysis.The experiments are constructed to simulate noisy quantum circuits that reflect possible real scenarios in quantum verification or calibration.Notably,our algorithm outperforms the previous work without prediction in most settings.展开更多
Myeloid-derived suppressor cells(MDSCs)play a protective role against neonatal inflammation during the early postnatal period.However,the mechanisms regulating neonatal MDSC function remain to be fully elucidated.In t...Myeloid-derived suppressor cells(MDSCs)play a protective role against neonatal inflammation during the early postnatal period.However,the mechanisms regulating neonatal MDSC function remain to be fully elucidated.In this study,we report that the bile acid receptor farnesoid X receptor(FXR)acts as a positive regulator of neonatal MDSC function.The FDA-approved FXR agonist obeticholic acid(OCA)protects against neonatal sepsis in an FXR-dependent manner.Genetic deficiency of FXR impairs the immunosuppressive and antibacterial functions of MDSCs,thereby exacerbating the severity of neonatal sepsis.Adoptive transfer of MDSCs alleviates sepsis in both Fxr^(−/−) and Fxr^(fl/fl)Mrp8-Cre^(+) pups.Mechanistic studies revealed that Hif1α,a well-established regulator of MDSCs,is a direct transcriptional target of FXR.In patients with neonatal sepsis,downregulation of FXR and HIF-1αin MDSCs was observed,which was inversely correlated with clinical parameters.These observations demonstrate the importance of FXR in neonatal MDSC function and its therapeutic potential in neonatal sepsis.展开更多
Autonomous driving is a promising way to future safe,efficient,and low-carbon transportation.Real-time ac-curate target detection is an essential precondition for the generation of proper following decision and contro...Autonomous driving is a promising way to future safe,efficient,and low-carbon transportation.Real-time ac-curate target detection is an essential precondition for the generation of proper following decision and control signals.However,considering the complex practical scenarios,accurate recognition of occluded targets is a major challenge of target detection for autonomous driving with limited computational capability.To reveal the overlap and difference between various occluded object detection by sharing the same available sensors,this paper presents a review of detection methods for occluded objects in complex real-driving scenarios.Considering the rapid development of autonomous driving technologies,the research analyzed in this study is limited to the recent five years.The study of occluded object detection is divided into three parts,namely occluded vehicles,pedes-trians and traffic signs.This paper provided a detailed summary of the target detection methods used in these three parts according to the differences in detection methods and ideas,which is followed by the comparison of advantages and disadvantages of different detection methods for the same object.Finally,the shortcomings and limitations of the existing detection methods are summarized,and the challenges and future development prospects in this field are discussed.展开更多
文摘<div style="text-align:justify;"> Gansu Province is a large province in Western China, and its geographical location and economic status are very important. With the state’s attention to the western development, the economy of the western region represented by Gansu Province has developed rapidly, and the construction of roads and other infrastructure has also been developed. Taking Gansu Province as an example, this paper studies and discusses the application of highway maintenance platform based on GIS + BIM Technology. Firstly, this paper expounds the advantages of GIS + BIM Technology in highway construction and maintenance, and analyzes the development status of GIS + BIM Technology;Secondly, it expounds how to solve the problem of highway maintenance from the aspects of GIS + BIM system and its advantages and difficulties in highway maintenance, and briefly explains the difficulties existing in highway maintenance in Gansu Province. Then, starting from the path of GIS + BIM Technology to solve highway maintenance in Gansu Province, this paper analyzes the expected effect of GIS + BIM Technology in highway maintenance in Gansu Province. </div>
基金co-supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. 51620105010, 51575019 and 51675019)National Basic Research Program of China (No. 2014CB046400)111 Program of China
文摘Hydraulic piston pumps are commonly used in aircraft. In order to improve the viability of aircraft and energy efficiency, intelligent variable pressure pump systems have been used in aircraft hydraulic systems more and more widely. Efficient fault diagnosis plays an important role in improving the reliability and performance of hydraulic systems. In this paper, a fault diagnosis method of an intelligent hydraulic pump system（IHPS） based on a nonlinear unknown input observer（NUIO） is proposed. Different from factors of a full-order Luenberger-type unknown input observer, nonlinear factors of the IHPS are considered in the NUIO. Firstly, a new type of intelligent pump is presented, the mathematical model of which is established to describe the IHPS. Taking into account the real-time requirements of the IHPS and the special structure of the pump, the mechanism of the intelligent pump and failure modes are analyzed and two typical failure modes are obtained. Furthermore, a NUIO of the IHPS is performed based on the output pressure and swashplate angle signals. With the residual error signals produced by the NUIO, online intelligent pump failure occurring in real-time can be detected. Lastly, through analysis and simulation, it is confirmed that this diagnostic method could accurately diagnose and isolate those typical failure modes of the nonlinear IHPS. The method proposed in this paper is of great significance in improving the reliability of the IHPS.
基金co-supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.51620105010,51575019)National Basic Research Program of China(No.2014CB046400)Program 111 of China
文摘An accurate estimation of the remaining useful life（RUL） not only contributes to an effective application of an aviation piston pump, but also meets the necessity of condition based maintenance（CBM）. For the current RUL evaluation methods, a model-based method is inappropriate for the degradation process of an aviation piston pump due to difficulties of modeling, while a data-based method rarely presents high-accuracy prediction in a long period of time. In this work,an adaptive-order particle filter（AOPF） prognostic process is proposed aiming at improving long-term prediction accuracy of RUL by combining both kinds of methods. A dynamic model is initialized by a data-driven or empirical method. When a new observation comes, the prior state distribution is approximated by a current model. The order of the current model is updated adaptively by fusing the information of the observation. Monte Carlo simulation is employed for estimating the posterior probability density function of future states of the pump＇s degradation.With updating the order number adaptively, the method presents a higher precision in contrast with those of traditional methods. In a case study, the proposed AOPF method is adopted to forecast the degradation status of an aviation piston pump with experimental return oil flow data, and the analytical results show the effectiveness of the proposed AOPF method.
基金co-supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.51875014,51575019,51620105010)Natural Science Foundation of Beijing Municipality(No.L171003)Program 111 of China。
文摘The degradation of components in complex mechatronic systems involves multiple physical processes which will cause coupling interactions among nodes in the system.The interaction of nodes may be carried out not only by physical connections but also by the environment which cannot be described by single network using the traditional methods.In order to give out a unified model to quantitatively describe the coupling degradation spreading by both physical connections and environment,a novel Energy-Flow-Field Network(EFFN)and a coupling degradation model based on EFFN are proposed in this paper.The EFFN is driven by energy flow and the state transition of spatially related nodes is triggered by the dissipation energy.An application is conducted on aviation actuation system in which the degradation spreading by fluid-thermal-solid interaction is considered.The degradation path and the most probable fault reason can be obtained by combining the state transition and energy output of nodes,which is consistent with the given scenario.
基金Science and Technology Program of Shaanxi Province(No.2019GY-200).
文摘A hydrogel dressing based on bacterial cellulose(BC),which is grafted with quaternary ammonium func-tional and crosslinked with the gelatin-heparin system,is prepared to provide the features mainly con-cerning softness,high swelling ratio,antibacterial property,and biocompatibility.An innovation of prepa-ration is that the BC is beaten into short-chain scaffolds to improve the efficiency of grafting,which not only simplifies the preparation process but also avoids the biotoxicity caused by the introduction of toxic catalyst such as dimethyl sulfoxide(DMSO)or uncertain toxic side products in long-chain graft-ing.Scanning electron microscopy(SEM)shows that the QBC/Hep/Gel composite hydrogel possesses a three-dimensional mesh structure with high porosity.The hydrogel shows outstanding water manage-ment performance indicated by the swelling ratio of 1476%,water retention ratio of more than 90%at 120 h,and moisture permeability of 3296 g m^(-2) 24 h^(-1).The antibacterial experiment is implemented with staphylococcus aureus,and the antibacterial effect is represented by an inhibition zone of 3 cm in diameter.In vivo animal experiments suggested that QBC/Hep/Gel could effectively promote epithelial reconstruction,collagen deposition,and angiogenesis in normal wounds,reduce inflammation,and ac-celerate wound healing.All these results indicate that the proposed QBC/Hep/Gel hydrogel is a potential composite for antibacterial dressing.
基金supported by Key S&T Special Project of Yunan Province(202202AE090034,202402AE090024)National Natural Science Foundation of China(42107410,42477441)+1 种基金Hebei Financial Aid Program for Introduced Overseas Scholars(C20230337)Local Science and Technology Development Fund Projects Guided by the Central Government in Hebei Province(246Z3607G).
文摘Non-point source(NPS)pollution has been the major cause of water quality degradation.However,there are still shortcomings in the current monitoring methods for NPS pollution,such as small monitoring range,error of monitoring data,time-consuming and laborious monitoring process.Although the established method,field experiment plots,was used effectively in the first and second national pollution source census in China.However,when the results obtained by monitoring experimental plots are extrapolated to a field or larger scale,there are considerable uncertainties because of the characteristics of large spatial and temporal variation of farmland.To optimize the farmland surface runoff monitoring methods,an online monitoring system for continuous cropping based on a serial pipeline was developed,which takes diversion trench,online flowmeter and dynamic acquisition device as the main body.Compared with the current farmland monitoring methods,this system can realize more precise automatic monitoring of water quantity and quality,and lower costs.This innovative method will provide greater confidence in the actual monitoring of NPS pollution from farmland and wider practical application.This new method could prove particularly valuable for the next national pollution source census in China.
文摘Corresponding author’s name was incorrectly written as“Dadang Guo”instead of“Dagang Guo”.The correct author name should be“Dagang Guo”.The authors would like to apologise for any inconvenience caused.
基金supported by the Shandong Provincial Natural Science Foundation(No.ZR2022QE183).
文摘This study is an optimized extension based on the authors’previous research on the tribo-chemical reaction under constant temperature field of two-stroke internal combustion engines(ICEs).It establishes a coupled analysis model that considers the tribo-chemical reactions,dynamic contact,and interface lubrication of the piston ring-cylinder liner(PRCL)system under transient temperature conditions.In this study,for the first time,the prediction of the tribofilm thickness and its influence on the surface micro-topography(the comprehensive roughness)are coupled in the working temperature field of the PRCL system,forming an effective model framework and providing a model basis and analytical basis for subsequent research.This study findings reveal that by incorporating temperature and tribofilm into the simulation model,the average friction deviation throughout the stroke decreases from 8.92%to 0.93%when compared to experimental results.Moreover,the deviation during the combustion regime reduces from 39.56%to 7.34%.The proposed coupled model provides a valuable tool for the evaluation of lubrication performance of the PRCL system and supports the analysis software forward design in two-stroke ICEs.
文摘Learning-based algorithm attracts great attention in the autonomous driving control field,especially for decisionmaking,to meet the challenge in long-tail extreme scenarios,where traditional methods demonstrate poor adaptability even with a significant effort.To improve the autonomous driving performance in extreme scenarios,specifically consecutive sharp turns,three deep reinforcement learning algorithms,i.e.Deep Deterministic Policy Gradient(DDPG),Twin Delayed Deep Deterministic policy gradient(TD3),and Soft Actor-Critic(SAC),based decision-making policies are proposed in this study.The role of the observation variable in agent training is discussed by comparing the driving stability,average speed,and consumed computational effort of the proposed algorithms in curves with various curvatures.In addition,a novel reward-setting method that combines the states of the environment and the vehicle is proposed to solve the sparse reward problem in the reward-guided algorithm.Simulation results from the road with consecutive sharp turns show that the DDPG,SAC,and TD3 algorithms-based vehicles take 367.2,359.6,and 302.1 s to finish the task,respectively,which match the training results,and verifies the observation variable role in agent quality improvement.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.62325210,and 62272441)the Strategic Priority Research Program of Chinese Academy of Sciences(No.XDB28000000)+1 种基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.62372006,92365117)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities,Peking University.
文摘The shadow tomography problem introduced by[1]is an important problem in quantum computing.Given an unknown-qubit quantum state,the goal is to estimate tr■,...,tr■using as least copies of■as possible,within an additive error of,whereF1,...,FM are known-outcome measurements.In this paper,we consider the shadow tomography problem with a potentially inaccurate prediction■of the true state■.This corresponds to practical cases where we possess prior knowledge of the unknown state.For example,in quantum verification or calibration,we may be aware of the quantum state that the quantum device is expected to generate.However,the actual state it generates may have deviations.We introduce an algorithm with sample complexity■(nmax{■ε}log2M/ε4.In the generic case,even if the prediction can be arbitrarily bad,our algorithm has the same complexity as the best algorithm without prediction[2].At the same time,as the prediction quality improves,the sample complexity can be reduced smoothly to■(nlog2M/ε3)when the trace distance between the prediction and the unknown state is■(ε).Furthermore,we conduct numerical experiments to validate our theoretical analysis.The experiments are constructed to simulate noisy quantum circuits that reflect possible real scenarios in quantum verification or calibration.Notably,our algorithm outperforms the previous work without prediction in most settings.
基金supported by the following grants:National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.82430055,81925018,and 82130049 to J.Z.,82001691 to J.H.,and 82488301,82225015,and 82171284 to Q.L.)supported by grants to J.H.+2 种基金the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(2020M672582)the Science and Technology Planning Project of Guangzhou(No.2024A03J1237)the New Cornerstone Science Foundation through the XPLORER PRIZE(to Q.L.).
文摘Myeloid-derived suppressor cells(MDSCs)play a protective role against neonatal inflammation during the early postnatal period.However,the mechanisms regulating neonatal MDSC function remain to be fully elucidated.In this study,we report that the bile acid receptor farnesoid X receptor(FXR)acts as a positive regulator of neonatal MDSC function.The FDA-approved FXR agonist obeticholic acid(OCA)protects against neonatal sepsis in an FXR-dependent manner.Genetic deficiency of FXR impairs the immunosuppressive and antibacterial functions of MDSCs,thereby exacerbating the severity of neonatal sepsis.Adoptive transfer of MDSCs alleviates sepsis in both Fxr^(−/−) and Fxr^(fl/fl)Mrp8-Cre^(+) pups.Mechanistic studies revealed that Hif1α,a well-established regulator of MDSCs,is a direct transcriptional target of FXR.In patients with neonatal sepsis,downregulation of FXR and HIF-1αin MDSCs was observed,which was inversely correlated with clinical parameters.These observations demonstrate the importance of FXR in neonatal MDSC function and its therapeutic potential in neonatal sepsis.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Devel-opment Program of China under Grant No.2022YFE0102700Dr Yuhan Huang is a recipient of the ARC Discovery Early Career Research Award(DE220100552).
文摘Autonomous driving is a promising way to future safe,efficient,and low-carbon transportation.Real-time ac-curate target detection is an essential precondition for the generation of proper following decision and control signals.However,considering the complex practical scenarios,accurate recognition of occluded targets is a major challenge of target detection for autonomous driving with limited computational capability.To reveal the overlap and difference between various occluded object detection by sharing the same available sensors,this paper presents a review of detection methods for occluded objects in complex real-driving scenarios.Considering the rapid development of autonomous driving technologies,the research analyzed in this study is limited to the recent five years.The study of occluded object detection is divided into three parts,namely occluded vehicles,pedes-trians and traffic signs.This paper provided a detailed summary of the target detection methods used in these three parts according to the differences in detection methods and ideas,which is followed by the comparison of advantages and disadvantages of different detection methods for the same object.Finally,the shortcomings and limitations of the existing detection methods are summarized,and the challenges and future development prospects in this field are discussed.
