The authors regret<During the submission process,Hongxiang Zhang and Honggen Peng served as the first and the second corresponding author,respectively.The original manuscript submitted for this paper also listed tw...The authors regret<During the submission process,Hongxiang Zhang and Honggen Peng served as the first and the second corresponding author,respectively.The original manuscript submitted for this paper also listed two co-corresponding authors(Hongxiang Zhang and Honggen Peng).But the corresponding author of Honggen Peng was omitted in the final published manuscript.So,we apply to designate Honggen Peng(penghonggen@ncu.edu.cn)as the second co-corresponding author and the corresponding unit is“a,b">.展开更多
Background:Therapeutic responses of breast cancer vary among patients and lead to drug resistance and recurrence due to the heterogeneity.Current preclinical models,however,are inadequate for predicting individual pat...Background:Therapeutic responses of breast cancer vary among patients and lead to drug resistance and recurrence due to the heterogeneity.Current preclinical models,however,are inadequate for predicting individual patient responses towards different drugs.This study aimed to investigate the patient-derived breast cancer culture models for drug sensitivity evaluations.Methods:Tumor and adjacent tissues from female breast cancer patients were collected during surgery.Patient-derived breast cancer cells were cultured using the conditional reprogramming technique to establish 2D models.The obtained patient-derived conditional reprogramming breast cancer(CRBC)cells were subsequently embedded in alginate-gelatin methacryloyl hydrogel microspheres to form 3D culture models.Comparisons between 2D and 3D models were made using immunohistochemistry(tumor markers),MTS assays(cell viability),flow cytometry(apoptosis),transwell assays(migration),and Western blotting(protein expression).Drug sensitivity tests were conducted to evaluate patient-specific responses to anti-cancer agents.Results:2D and 3D culture models were successfully established using samples from eight patients.The 3D models retained histological and marker characteristics of the original tumors.Compared to 2D cultures,3D models exhibited increased apoptosis,enhanced drug resistance,elevated stem cell marker expression,and greater migration ability—features more reflective of in vivo tumor behavior.Conclusion:Patient-derived 3D CRBC models effectively mimic the in vivo tumor microenvironment and demonstrate stronger resistance to anti-cancer drugs than 2D models.These hydrogel-based models offer a cost-effective and clinically relevant platform for drug screening and personalized breast cancer treatment.展开更多
Polymeric membranes with the integration of various functional performances toward wastewater treatment are urgently required.However,most of the polymeric membranes only exhibit a single function of highly efficientl...Polymeric membranes with the integration of various functional performances toward wastewater treatment are urgently required.However,most of the polymeric membranes only exhibit a single function of highly efficiently removing one kind of pollutants.In this work,a biomimetic modification method was introduced to tailor the chemical and topological structure of the porous poly(vinylidene fluoride)(PVDF)fibers prepared by electrospinning.The polydopamine(PDA)nanoparticles were homogeneously introduced onto the surface of PVDF porous fibers via precisely tailoring the concentration of dopamine,which endowed the fibers with more polar groups and bigger roughness but did not destroy the crystalline structures.The fibrous membranes exhibited switchable superhydrophilicity and superlipophilicity characteristics,excellent adsorption abilities toward organic dyes,heavy metal ions and oils.The highest adsorption capacities achieved 917.4 mg/g toward methylene blue(MB),42.6 mg/g toward Cr(VI)and 74.6 g/g toward silicone oil,respectively.Specifically,the membrane could rapidly remove the trace MB when water flowed through the membrane.The membrane also exhibited excellent sterilization performances,and the bacterial eliminating rate achieved 99.9%for the E.coli and S.aureus.The excellent light-to-heat conversion ability endowed the membrane with the selfheating ability,furtherly intensifying the wastewater treatment efficiency.This work confirms that the PDA nanoparticles-decorated PVDF porous fibers might be the new generation adsorbents used in wastewater treatment.展开更多
The effects of film thickness and composition ratio on the morphology evolution of polystyrene （PS）/poly（vinyl methyl ether） （PVME） blend thin films were investigated. Diverse morphology evolutions including dro...The effects of film thickness and composition ratio on the morphology evolution of polystyrene （PS）/poly（vinyl methyl ether） （PVME） blend thin films were investigated. Diverse morphology evolutions including droplet-matrix structure, hole emergence, bicontinuous structure formation, percolation-to-droplet transition could be observed under annealing in two-phase region, depending on film thickness and composition ratio. The mechanism for these morphology variations was related to the complex effects of phase separation, dewetting and preferential wetting. The comparison between the thickness of bottom PVME layer and the twice of gyration radius 2Rg（PVME） played a dominant role in morphology control. Only when the PS/PVME film had specific film thickness and compositional symmetry, phase separation and dewetting could happen in sequence.展开更多
Ulcerative colitis(UC)is characterized by chronic relapsing intestinal inflammation.Currently,there is no effective treatment for the disease.According to our preliminary data,1,8-cineole,which is the main active comp...Ulcerative colitis(UC)is characterized by chronic relapsing intestinal inflammation.Currently,there is no effective treatment for the disease.According to our preliminary data,1,8-cineole,which is the main active compound of Amomum compactum Sol.ex Maton volatile oil and an effective drug for the treatment of pneumonia,showed remarkable anti-inflammatory effects on colitis pathogenesis.However,its mechanism of action and direct targets remain unclear.This study investigated the direct targets and mechanism through which 1,8-cineole exerts its anti-inflammatory effects using a dextran sulfate sodium salt-induced colitis mouse model.The effects of 1,8-cineole on macrophage polarization were investigated using activated bone marrow-derived macrophages and RAW264.7 cells.In addition,1,8-cineole targets were revealed by drug affinity responsive target stability,thermal shift assay,cellular thermal shift assay,and heat shock protein 90(HSP90)adenosine triphosphatases(ATPase)activity assays.The results showed that 1,8-cineole exhibited powerful anti-inflammatory properties in vitro and in vivo by inhibiting the macrophage M1 polarization and protecting intestinal barrier function.Mechanistically,1,8-cineole directly interacted with HSP90 and decreased its ATPase activity,also inhibited nucleotide-binding and oligomerization domain-,leucine rich repeat-,and pyrin domain-containing 3(NLRP3)binding to HSP90 and suppressor of G-two allele of SKP1(SGT1)and suppressed NLRP3 inflammasome activation in macrophages.These results demonstrated that 1,8-cineole is a potential drug candidate for UC treatment.展开更多
Efficient yield of^(1)O_(2)determines the photocatalytic degradation rate of antibiotics,but the regulatory mechanism for^(1)O_(2)selective generation in O_(2)activation is still lacking exploration.Herein,oxygen vaca...Efficient yield of^(1)O_(2)determines the photocatalytic degradation rate of antibiotics,but the regulatory mechanism for^(1)O_(2)selective generation in O_(2)activation is still lacking exploration.Herein,oxygen vacancy(OV)modification strategy of MIL-125 was successfully practiced to promote the selective generation of^(1)O_(2).Multiple characterizations including extended X-ray absorption fine structure(EXAFS)and electron paramagnetic resonance spectra(EPR)confirmed the formation of oxygen vacancy in OV-MIL-125.The synthesized OV-MIL-125 exhibited greatly enhanced^(1)O_(2)selective(~90%)and antibiotics removal rate in water with high mineralization rate.Dynamics analysis of excitons by transient-steady state fluorescence and phosphorescence,transient absorption spectra(TAS)revealed that oxygen vacancy greatly enhanced the intersystem crossing(ISC)of singlet exciton,promoting triplet exciton generation.Density functional theoretical(DFT)calculation also proved the reduced gap of intersystem(ΔE_(ST))and the modulated highest occupied molecular orbital(HOMO)-lowest unoccupied molecular orbital(LUMO)population which was conducive to intersystem crossing process.Calculation of transition state further confirmed the lower energy barrier forπ^(*)orbital spin flip of O_(2)adsorbed on OV-MIL-125.The Dexter energy transfer involving triplet annihilation dominated the O_(2)activation mechanism to generate^(1)O_(2)instead of the charge transfer to generate O_(2)^(·-)which happened in MIL-125.This study provides new thinking for photocatalytic activation of molecular oxygen and is expected to guide the design of MOF-based catalysts for water treatment.展开更多
The construction of grouting butt joints of bamboo tubes is simple and efficient.However,when the joint is bent,the low tensile strength of the mortar easily leads to cracking of the mortar prior to the failure of the...The construction of grouting butt joints of bamboo tubes is simple and efficient.However,when the joint is bent,the low tensile strength of the mortar easily leads to cracking of the mortar prior to the failure of the bamboo tube.In this paper,a comparative test of the bending capacity was performed on grouting butt joints reinforced by nonperforated,fully perforated,and semiperforated steel plates embedded in bamboo tubes to obtain the loaddisplacement curves and ultimate bearing capacity of various specimens.The strengthening effect of CFRP pasted on bamboo tubes was also studied.The results show that the opening at the end of the steel plate is beneficial to resist the slip between the mortar and steel plate,while the complete section in the middle of the steel plate is conducive to making full use of the tensile strength of the steel plate.Therefore,it is best to insert the semiperforated steel plate with openings in the end and without openings in the middle into the mortar to enhance the bending properties of the grouting butt joint,which can make the failure mode of the joint change from brittle failure of mortar to ductile compression failure of bamboo tube.In addition,pasting CFRP sheets on the external wall of the bamboo tube helps to reduce the tensile stress of the mortar,while increasing the width of the steel plate can increase the bending moment of inertia of the mixture of the steel plate and mortar.These two complementary measures are very effective in delaying the cracking of the bamboo tube and improving the bending capacity of the joint.展开更多
Carotenoids are important natural pigments and have medical and health functions for humans.Carotenoid cleavage dioxygenase 4(CCD4)and ethylene responsive factor(ERF)participate in carotenoid metabolism,but their role...Carotenoids are important natural pigments and have medical and health functions for humans.Carotenoid cleavage dioxygenase 4(CCD4)and ethylene responsive factor(ERF)participate in carotenoid metabolism,but their roles in Lycium have not been discovered.Here,we annotated LbCCDs from the Lycium reference genome and found that LbCCD4.1 expression was significantly correlated with the carotenoid metabolites during Lycium five fruit developmental stages.Over-expression of LbCCD4.1 in NQ’s leaves resulted in a series of significantly lower contents of carotenoid metabolites,includingβ-carotene andβ-cryptoxanthin.Moreover,LbERF5.1,a transcription factor belonging to the ERF family that was located in the nucleus,was isolated.Significant reductions in the carotenoids,especially lutein,violaxanthin and their derivatives,were observed in over-expressing ERF5.1 transgenic NQ’s leaves.Over-expression or virus-induced gene silencing of LbERF5.1 in NQ’s leaves induced a consistent up-or down-expression,respectively,of LbCCD4.1.Furthermore,yeast one-hybrid and dual-luciferase reporter assays showed that ERF5.1 interacted with the promoter of CCD4.1 to increase its expression,and LbERF5.1 could bind to any one of the three predicted binding sites in the promoter of LbCCD4.1.A transcriptome analysis of LbERF5.1 and LbCCD4.1 over-expressed lines showed similar global transcript expression,and geranylgeranyl diphosphate synthase,phytoene synthase,lycopeneδ-cyclase cytochrome,cytochrome P450-type monooxygenase 97A,cytochrome P450-type monooxygenase 97C,and zeaxanthin epoxidase in the carotenoid biosynthesis pathway were differentially expressed.In summary,we uncovered a novel molecular mechanism of carotenoid accumulation that involved an interaction between ERF5.1 and CCD4.1,which may be used to enhance carotenoid in Lycium.展开更多
Silicon-based anodes,utilizing nanosized silicon materials,hold great promise for the next-generation of lithium-ion batteries due to their high capacity and stable expansion.This study aims to address challenges in t...Silicon-based anodes,utilizing nanosized silicon materials,hold great promise for the next-generation of lithium-ion batteries due to their high capacity and stable expansion.This study aims to address challenges in traditional slurry-coated anodes,such as agglomeration and low adhesive strength,through the application of laser powder bed fusion(LPBF).The process involves fabricating an Al-Si-Cu alloy layer on a Cu foil current collector,followed by dealloying to create a porous Si-Cu anode.Simulated and experimental results demonstrate successful alloy layer formation through optimized laser spot(55μm)and powder sizes(1-5μm).Controlled cooling produces primary Si particles ranging from 150 nm to 1μm.The resulting microstructure enhances electrochemical performance,particularly by tailoring the size of primary Si.The resultant porous Si-Cu anode,featuring uniformly distributed primary Si(200 nm)metallurgically bonded with Cu networks,exhibits an initial coulombic efficiency of 83% and a remarkable capacity retention of 80% after 300 cycles at 2 C.In-situ and ex-situ observations confirm the crucial role of anode architecture in performance enhancement.This study elucidates the influence of the LPBF microstructure on anode performance and broadens the potential application of laser powder bed fusion in battery manufacturing.展开更多
Methane in-situ explosive fracturing technology produces shale debris particles within fracture channels,enabling a self-propping effect that enhances the fracture network conductivity and long-term stability.This stu...Methane in-situ explosive fracturing technology produces shale debris particles within fracture channels,enabling a self-propping effect that enhances the fracture network conductivity and long-term stability.This study employs X-ray computed tomography(CT)and digital volume correlation(DVC)to investigate the microstructural evolution and hydromechanical responses of shale self-propped fracture under varying confining pressures,highlighting the critical role of shale particles in maintaining fracture conductivity.Results indicate that the fracture aperture in the self-propped sample is significantly larger than in the unpropped sample throughout the loading process,with shale particles tending to crush rather than embedded into the matrix,thus maintaining flow pathways.As confining pressure increases,contact areas between fracture surfaces and particles expand,enhancing the system's stability and compressive resistance.Geometric analyses show flow paths becoming increasingly concentrated and branched under high stress.This resulted in a significant reduction in connectivity,restricting fracture permeability and amplifying the nonlinear gas flow behavior.This study introduces a permeability-strain recovery zone and a novel sensitivity parameter m,delineating stress sensitivity boundaries for permeability and normal strain,with m-value increasing with stress,revealing four characteristic regions.These findings offer theoretical support for optimizing fracturing techniques to enhance resource extraction efficiency.展开更多
Rapid and robust identification of bacteria is crucial for environmental monitoring and clinical diagnosis.Herein,a bioinspired interface-mediated multichannel sensor array was developed based on three-coloremitting a...Rapid and robust identification of bacteria is crucial for environmental monitoring and clinical diagnosis.Herein,a bioinspired interface-mediated multichannel sensor array was developed based on three-coloremitting antimicrobial functional carbon dots(FCDs)and concanavalin A doped polydopamine nanoparticles(Con A-PDA)for identification of bacteria.In this sensor,the fluorescence intensity of the three FCDs was quenched by the Con A-PDA.Upon addition different types of bacteria,the fluorescence intensity of the three FCDs was restored or further quenched.Recur to statistical analysis methods,it is employed to accurately discriminate 10 types of bacteria(including three probiotics and seven pathogenic bacteria)in natural water samples and human urine samples.The discrimination ability of the sensor array was highly enhanced via different competing binding of the FCDs and the bacteria toward Con A-PDA.The proposed array-based method offers a rapid,high-throughput,and reliable sensing platform for pathogen diagnosis in the field of environmental monitoring and clinical diagnosis.展开更多
Despite the cost and activity advantages,ruthenium-based oxygen evolution reaction(OER)catalysts face severe stability problems for proton exchange membrane water electrolysis(PEM-WE)due to Ru dissolution.Although tre...Despite the cost and activity advantages,ruthenium-based oxygen evolution reaction(OER)catalysts face severe stability problems for proton exchange membrane water electrolysis(PEM-WE)due to Ru dissolution.Although tremendous attention has been paid to enhancing the stability and activity under small current density in three electrode systems,there still lacks validation under industrial current density at the device level.Aiming at this issue,we report highly active and durable ruthenium-iridium alloyed oxides(IrRuO_(x))as the acidic OER catalyst for PEM-WE with exceptional durability for 1600 h at an industrial current density of 2.0 A·cm^(−2).X-ray absorption spectroscopy reveals that the introduction of iridium modulates the electronic structure of Ru and strengthens the local Ru–O bonds in RuO_(2),which is crucial for ensuring activity and stability.As a result,in comparison with its RuO_(2) counterpart,IrRuO_(x) works stably against the Ru leaching-induced catalytic layer breakage during the stability test.This work demonstrates the great potential of IrRuO_(x) as the practical OER catalyst for the application in PEM-WE.展开更多
Degrading volatile organic compounds at low temperatures and active sites aggregation are still challenging.In this study,a novel mesoporous zeolite silicalite-1(S-1–meso)enveloped Pt–Ni bimetallic catalysts(noted a...Degrading volatile organic compounds at low temperatures and active sites aggregation are still challenging.In this study,a novel mesoporous zeolite silicalite-1(S-1–meso)enveloped Pt–Ni bimetallic catalysts(noted as Pt1Ni1@S-1–meso)were synthesized via a facile in situ mesoporous template-free method.The Pt–Ni bimetallic nanoparticles were uniformly distributed and displayed a large specific surface area and enriched mesopores to facilitate the deep oxidation of toluene.The presence of the Pt–Ni O interface both increased the dispersion of the catalyst and improved its catalytic performance,thereby reducing the consumption of Pt.The Mars-van Krevelen mechanism and density function theory(DFT)calculations revealed that the Pt–Ni O interface effect changed the electronic structure of Pt and Ni species,reduced the activation potential for oxygen,formed reactive oxygen species,and facilitated the adsorption and activation of reactants in the direction favorable to the toluene oxidation.This study provides a guideline for minimizing the proportion of precious metals used in practical applications and a promising method for toluene elimination at low temperatures.展开更多
Optogenetics is a combination of optics and genetics technology that can be used to activate or inhibit specific cells in tissues. It has been used to treat Parkinson’s disease, epilepsy and neurological diseases, bu...Optogenetics is a combination of optics and genetics technology that can be used to activate or inhibit specific cells in tissues. It has been used to treat Parkinson’s disease, epilepsy and neurological diseases, but rarely Alzheimer’s disease. Adeno-associated virus carrying the CaMK promoter driving the optogenetic channelrhodopsin-2 (CHR2) gene (or without the CHR2 gene, as control) was injected into the bilateral dentate gyri, followed by repeated intrahippocampal injections of soluble low-molecular-weight amyloid-β1–42 peptide (Aβ1–42). Subsequently, the region was stimulated with a 473 nm laser (1–3 ms, 10 Hz, 5 minutes). The novel object recognition test was conducted to test memory function in mice. Immunohistochemical staining was performed to analyze the numbers of NeuN and synapsin Ia/b-positive cells in the hippocampus. Western blot assay was carried out to analyze the expression levels of glial fibrillary acidic protein, NeuN, synapsin Ia/b, metabotropic glutamate receptor-1a (mGluR-1a), mGluR-5, N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor subunit NR1, glutamate receptor 2, interleukin-1β, interleukin-6 and interleukin-10. Optogenetic stimulation improved working and short-term memory in mice with Alzheimer’s disease. This neuroprotective effect was associated with increased expression of NR1, glutamate receptor 2 and mGluR-5 in the hippocampus, and decreased expression of glial fibrillary acidic protein and interleukin-6. Our results show that optogenetics can be used to regulate the neuronal-glial network to ameliorate memory functions in mice with Alzheimer’s disease. The study was approved by the Animal Resources Committee of Jinan University, China (approval No. LL-KT-2011134) on February 28, 2011.展开更多
Phase separation rate is a critical character in determining the usefulness of a solvent extraction system in hydrometallurgy. A survey of the synergistic mixture containing dinonylnaphthalene sulfonic acid (HDNNS) an...Phase separation rate is a critical character in determining the usefulness of a solvent extraction system in hydrometallurgy. A survey of the synergistic mixture containing dinonylnaphthalene sulfonic acid (HDNNS) and 2-ethylhexly 4-pyridinecarboxylate ester (4PC) for the extraction of cobalt from acidic single metal sulfate solution was carried out to suggest how the physicochemical properties and the morphology of the reverse micelles in the loaded organic phase affect the phase separation. The results show that effective parameters affecting the phase separation are the viscosity and the excess water uptake of the loaded organic phase. It is obvious that the specific settling rate (SSR) decreases with the apparent increase of these two parameters. The measurement of small angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) proves that the morphology of the reversed micelles in the loaded organic phase changes evidently with the change of the specific settling rate (SSR).展开更多
BACKGROUND Approximately 90%of new cases of noncardiac gastric cancer(GC)are related to Helicobacter pylori(H.pylori),and cytotoxin-associated gene A(CagA)is one of the main pathogenic factors.Recent studies have show...BACKGROUND Approximately 90%of new cases of noncardiac gastric cancer(GC)are related to Helicobacter pylori(H.pylori),and cytotoxin-associated gene A(CagA)is one of the main pathogenic factors.Recent studies have shown that the pharmacological effects of cryptotanshinone(CTS)can be used to treat a variety of tumors.However,the effects of CTS on H.pylori,especially CagA+strain-induced gastric mucosal lesions,on the development of GC is unknown.AIM To assess the role of CTS in CagA-induced proliferation and metastasis of GC cells,and determine if CagA+H.pylori strains causes pathological changes in the gastric mucosa of mice.METHODS The effects of CTS on the proliferation of GC cells were assessed using the Cell Counting Kit-8(CCK-8)assay,and the abnormal growth,migration and invasion caused by CagA were detected by CCK-8 and transwell assays.After transfection with pSR-HA-CagA and treatment with CTS,proliferation and metastasis were evaluated by CCK-8 and transwell assays,respectively,and the expression of Src homology 2(SH2)domain–containing phosphatase 2(SHP2)and phosphorylated SHP2(p-SHP2)was detected using western blotting in AGS cells.The enzymelinked immunosorbent assay was used to determine the immunoglobulin G(IgG)level against CagA in patient serum.Mice were divided into four groups and administered H.pylori strains(CagA+or CagA-)and CTS(or PBS)intragastrically,and establishment of the chronic infection model was verified using polymerase chain reaction and sequencing of isolated strains.Hematoxylin and eosin staining was used to assess mucosal erosion in the stomach and toxicity to the liver and kidney.RESULTS CTS inhibited the growth of GC cells in dose-and time-dependent manners.Overexpression of CagA promoted the growth,migration,and invasion of GC cells.Importantly,we demonstrated that CTS significantly inhibited the CagAinduced abnormal proliferation,migration,and invasion of GC cells.Moreover,the expression of p-SHP2 protein in tumor tissue was related to the expression of IgG against CagA in the serum of GC patients.Additionally,CTS suppressed the protein expression levels of both SHP2 and p-SHP2 in GC cells.CTS suppressed CagA+H.pylori strain-induced mucosal erosion in the stomach of mice but had no obvious effects on the CagA-H.pylori strain group.CONCLUSION CTS inhibited CagA-induced proliferation and the epithelial-mesenchymal transition of GC cells in vitro,and CagA+H.pylori strains caused mucosal erosions of the stomach in vivo by decreasing the protein expression of SHP2.展开更多
文摘The authors regret<During the submission process,Hongxiang Zhang and Honggen Peng served as the first and the second corresponding author,respectively.The original manuscript submitted for this paper also listed two co-corresponding authors(Hongxiang Zhang and Honggen Peng).But the corresponding author of Honggen Peng was omitted in the final published manuscript.So,we apply to designate Honggen Peng(penghonggen@ncu.edu.cn)as the second co-corresponding author and the corresponding unit is“a,b">.
基金supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province(No.2021B1515120053)Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation(Grant No.2024A1515140166).
文摘Background:Therapeutic responses of breast cancer vary among patients and lead to drug resistance and recurrence due to the heterogeneity.Current preclinical models,however,are inadequate for predicting individual patient responses towards different drugs.This study aimed to investigate the patient-derived breast cancer culture models for drug sensitivity evaluations.Methods:Tumor and adjacent tissues from female breast cancer patients were collected during surgery.Patient-derived breast cancer cells were cultured using the conditional reprogramming technique to establish 2D models.The obtained patient-derived conditional reprogramming breast cancer(CRBC)cells were subsequently embedded in alginate-gelatin methacryloyl hydrogel microspheres to form 3D culture models.Comparisons between 2D and 3D models were made using immunohistochemistry(tumor markers),MTS assays(cell viability),flow cytometry(apoptosis),transwell assays(migration),and Western blotting(protein expression).Drug sensitivity tests were conducted to evaluate patient-specific responses to anti-cancer agents.Results:2D and 3D culture models were successfully established using samples from eight patients.The 3D models retained histological and marker characteristics of the original tumors.Compared to 2D cultures,3D models exhibited increased apoptosis,enhanced drug resistance,elevated stem cell marker expression,and greater migration ability—features more reflective of in vivo tumor behavior.Conclusion:Patient-derived 3D CRBC models effectively mimic the in vivo tumor microenvironment and demonstrate stronger resistance to anti-cancer drugs than 2D models.These hydrogel-based models offer a cost-effective and clinically relevant platform for drug screening and personalized breast cancer treatment.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.51473137)the Youth Science and Technology Innovation Team of Sichuan Province of Functional Polymer Composites(No.2021JDTD0009)the Sichuan Science and Technology Program(No.2020YFG0099)。
文摘Polymeric membranes with the integration of various functional performances toward wastewater treatment are urgently required.However,most of the polymeric membranes only exhibit a single function of highly efficiently removing one kind of pollutants.In this work,a biomimetic modification method was introduced to tailor the chemical and topological structure of the porous poly(vinylidene fluoride)(PVDF)fibers prepared by electrospinning.The polydopamine(PDA)nanoparticles were homogeneously introduced onto the surface of PVDF porous fibers via precisely tailoring the concentration of dopamine,which endowed the fibers with more polar groups and bigger roughness but did not destroy the crystalline structures.The fibrous membranes exhibited switchable superhydrophilicity and superlipophilicity characteristics,excellent adsorption abilities toward organic dyes,heavy metal ions and oils.The highest adsorption capacities achieved 917.4 mg/g toward methylene blue(MB),42.6 mg/g toward Cr(VI)and 74.6 g/g toward silicone oil,respectively.Specifically,the membrane could rapidly remove the trace MB when water flowed through the membrane.The membrane also exhibited excellent sterilization performances,and the bacterial eliminating rate achieved 99.9%for the E.coli and S.aureus.The excellent light-to-heat conversion ability endowed the membrane with the selfheating ability,furtherly intensifying the wastewater treatment efficiency.This work confirms that the PDA nanoparticles-decorated PVDF porous fibers might be the new generation adsorbents used in wastewater treatment.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.51403026)
文摘The effects of film thickness and composition ratio on the morphology evolution of polystyrene （PS）/poly（vinyl methyl ether） （PVME） blend thin films were investigated. Diverse morphology evolutions including droplet-matrix structure, hole emergence, bicontinuous structure formation, percolation-to-droplet transition could be observed under annealing in two-phase region, depending on film thickness and composition ratio. The mechanism for these morphology variations was related to the complex effects of phase separation, dewetting and preferential wetting. The comparison between the thickness of bottom PVME layer and the twice of gyration radius 2Rg（PVME） played a dominant role in morphology control. Only when the PS/PVME film had specific film thickness and compositional symmetry, phase separation and dewetting could happen in sequence.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.:81830114,82004232,82174253,and 82104707)Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation,China(Grant Nos.:2021A1515011215 and 2022A1515110827)+6 种基金Guangzhou Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation,China(Grant No.:2023A1515011149)China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(Grant Nos.:2020M683206 and 2021M701443)the Key Area Research and Development Program of Guangdong Province,China(Grant No.:2020B1111100010)Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Formula-Pattern of Traditional Chinese Medicine,China(Grant No.:202102010014)the Cross-disciplinary Special Project of Jinan University,China(Grant No.:21621115)the State Key Laboratory of Dampness Syndrome of Chinese Medicine,China(Grant No.:SZ2021KF13)the Outstanding Innovative Talents Cultivation Funded Programs for Doctoral Students of Jinan University,China(Grant No.:2021CXB024).
文摘Ulcerative colitis(UC)is characterized by chronic relapsing intestinal inflammation.Currently,there is no effective treatment for the disease.According to our preliminary data,1,8-cineole,which is the main active compound of Amomum compactum Sol.ex Maton volatile oil and an effective drug for the treatment of pneumonia,showed remarkable anti-inflammatory effects on colitis pathogenesis.However,its mechanism of action and direct targets remain unclear.This study investigated the direct targets and mechanism through which 1,8-cineole exerts its anti-inflammatory effects using a dextran sulfate sodium salt-induced colitis mouse model.The effects of 1,8-cineole on macrophage polarization were investigated using activated bone marrow-derived macrophages and RAW264.7 cells.In addition,1,8-cineole targets were revealed by drug affinity responsive target stability,thermal shift assay,cellular thermal shift assay,and heat shock protein 90(HSP90)adenosine triphosphatases(ATPase)activity assays.The results showed that 1,8-cineole exhibited powerful anti-inflammatory properties in vitro and in vivo by inhibiting the macrophage M1 polarization and protecting intestinal barrier function.Mechanistically,1,8-cineole directly interacted with HSP90 and decreased its ATPase activity,also inhibited nucleotide-binding and oligomerization domain-,leucine rich repeat-,and pyrin domain-containing 3(NLRP3)binding to HSP90 and suppressor of G-two allele of SKP1(SGT1)and suppressed NLRP3 inflammasome activation in macrophages.These results demonstrated that 1,8-cineole is a potential drug candidate for UC treatment.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.22276086 and 21976078)the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangxi Province(Nos.20202ACB213001 and20232BAB213029)。
文摘Efficient yield of^(1)O_(2)determines the photocatalytic degradation rate of antibiotics,but the regulatory mechanism for^(1)O_(2)selective generation in O_(2)activation is still lacking exploration.Herein,oxygen vacancy(OV)modification strategy of MIL-125 was successfully practiced to promote the selective generation of^(1)O_(2).Multiple characterizations including extended X-ray absorption fine structure(EXAFS)and electron paramagnetic resonance spectra(EPR)confirmed the formation of oxygen vacancy in OV-MIL-125.The synthesized OV-MIL-125 exhibited greatly enhanced^(1)O_(2)selective(~90%)and antibiotics removal rate in water with high mineralization rate.Dynamics analysis of excitons by transient-steady state fluorescence and phosphorescence,transient absorption spectra(TAS)revealed that oxygen vacancy greatly enhanced the intersystem crossing(ISC)of singlet exciton,promoting triplet exciton generation.Density functional theoretical(DFT)calculation also proved the reduced gap of intersystem(ΔE_(ST))and the modulated highest occupied molecular orbital(HOMO)-lowest unoccupied molecular orbital(LUMO)population which was conducive to intersystem crossing process.Calculation of transition state further confirmed the lower energy barrier forπ^(*)orbital spin flip of O_(2)adsorbed on OV-MIL-125.The Dexter energy transfer involving triplet annihilation dominated the O_(2)activation mechanism to generate^(1)O_(2)instead of the charge transfer to generate O_(2)^(·-)which happened in MIL-125.This study provides new thinking for photocatalytic activation of molecular oxygen and is expected to guide the design of MOF-based catalysts for water treatment.
基金The authors are grateful for the financial support of the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2017YFC0703500).
文摘The construction of grouting butt joints of bamboo tubes is simple and efficient.However,when the joint is bent,the low tensile strength of the mortar easily leads to cracking of the mortar prior to the failure of the bamboo tube.In this paper,a comparative test of the bending capacity was performed on grouting butt joints reinforced by nonperforated,fully perforated,and semiperforated steel plates embedded in bamboo tubes to obtain the loaddisplacement curves and ultimate bearing capacity of various specimens.The strengthening effect of CFRP pasted on bamboo tubes was also studied.The results show that the opening at the end of the steel plate is beneficial to resist the slip between the mortar and steel plate,while the complete section in the middle of the steel plate is conducive to making full use of the tensile strength of the steel plate.Therefore,it is best to insert the semiperforated steel plate with openings in the end and without openings in the middle into the mortar to enhance the bending properties of the grouting butt joint,which can make the failure mode of the joint change from brittle failure of mortar to ductile compression failure of bamboo tube.In addition,pasting CFRP sheets on the external wall of the bamboo tube helps to reduce the tensile stress of the mortar,while increasing the width of the steel plate can increase the bending moment of inertia of the mixture of the steel plate and mortar.These two complementary measures are very effective in delaying the cracking of the bamboo tube and improving the bending capacity of the joint.
基金This work was sponsored by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.32060359)the Key Research&Development Program of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region(No.2021BEF02002,2022BBF01001)+1 种基金the Innovative Research Group Project of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region(No.2021AAC01001)the Innovation Team for Genetic Improvement of Economic Forests(No.2022QCXTD04).
文摘Carotenoids are important natural pigments and have medical and health functions for humans.Carotenoid cleavage dioxygenase 4(CCD4)and ethylene responsive factor(ERF)participate in carotenoid metabolism,but their roles in Lycium have not been discovered.Here,we annotated LbCCDs from the Lycium reference genome and found that LbCCD4.1 expression was significantly correlated with the carotenoid metabolites during Lycium five fruit developmental stages.Over-expression of LbCCD4.1 in NQ’s leaves resulted in a series of significantly lower contents of carotenoid metabolites,includingβ-carotene andβ-cryptoxanthin.Moreover,LbERF5.1,a transcription factor belonging to the ERF family that was located in the nucleus,was isolated.Significant reductions in the carotenoids,especially lutein,violaxanthin and their derivatives,were observed in over-expressing ERF5.1 transgenic NQ’s leaves.Over-expression or virus-induced gene silencing of LbERF5.1 in NQ’s leaves induced a consistent up-or down-expression,respectively,of LbCCD4.1.Furthermore,yeast one-hybrid and dual-luciferase reporter assays showed that ERF5.1 interacted with the promoter of CCD4.1 to increase its expression,and LbERF5.1 could bind to any one of the three predicted binding sites in the promoter of LbCCD4.1.A transcriptome analysis of LbERF5.1 and LbCCD4.1 over-expressed lines showed similar global transcript expression,and geranylgeranyl diphosphate synthase,phytoene synthase,lycopeneδ-cyclase cytochrome,cytochrome P450-type monooxygenase 97A,cytochrome P450-type monooxygenase 97C,and zeaxanthin epoxidase in the carotenoid biosynthesis pathway were differentially expressed.In summary,we uncovered a novel molecular mechanism of carotenoid accumulation that involved an interaction between ERF5.1 and CCD4.1,which may be used to enhance carotenoid in Lycium.
基金financially supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2022YFB4602700)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.51975018)the Beijing Natural Science Foundation(No.2244085).
文摘Silicon-based anodes,utilizing nanosized silicon materials,hold great promise for the next-generation of lithium-ion batteries due to their high capacity and stable expansion.This study aims to address challenges in traditional slurry-coated anodes,such as agglomeration and low adhesive strength,through the application of laser powder bed fusion(LPBF).The process involves fabricating an Al-Si-Cu alloy layer on a Cu foil current collector,followed by dealloying to create a porous Si-Cu anode.Simulated and experimental results demonstrate successful alloy layer formation through optimized laser spot(55μm)and powder sizes(1-5μm).Controlled cooling produces primary Si particles ranging from 150 nm to 1μm.The resulting microstructure enhances electrochemical performance,particularly by tailoring the size of primary Si.The resultant porous Si-Cu anode,featuring uniformly distributed primary Si(200 nm)metallurgically bonded with Cu networks,exhibits an initial coulombic efficiency of 83% and a remarkable capacity retention of 80% after 300 cycles at 2 C.In-situ and ex-situ observations confirm the crucial role of anode architecture in performance enhancement.This study elucidates the influence of the LPBF microstructure on anode performance and broadens the potential application of laser powder bed fusion in battery manufacturing.
基金financially supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China (No.2020YFA0711800)the National Science Fund for Distinguished Young Scholars (No.51925404)+2 种基金the Graduate Innovation Program of China University of Mining and Technology (No.2023WLKXJ149)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (No.2023XSCX040)the Postgraduate Research Practice Innovation Program of Jiangsu Province (No.KYCX23_2864)。
文摘Methane in-situ explosive fracturing technology produces shale debris particles within fracture channels,enabling a self-propping effect that enhances the fracture network conductivity and long-term stability.This study employs X-ray computed tomography(CT)and digital volume correlation(DVC)to investigate the microstructural evolution and hydromechanical responses of shale self-propped fracture under varying confining pressures,highlighting the critical role of shale particles in maintaining fracture conductivity.Results indicate that the fracture aperture in the self-propped sample is significantly larger than in the unpropped sample throughout the loading process,with shale particles tending to crush rather than embedded into the matrix,thus maintaining flow pathways.As confining pressure increases,contact areas between fracture surfaces and particles expand,enhancing the system's stability and compressive resistance.Geometric analyses show flow paths becoming increasingly concentrated and branched under high stress.This resulted in a significant reduction in connectivity,restricting fracture permeability and amplifying the nonlinear gas flow behavior.This study introduces a permeability-strain recovery zone and a novel sensitivity parameter m,delineating stress sensitivity boundaries for permeability and normal strain,with m-value increasing with stress,revealing four characteristic regions.These findings offer theoretical support for optimizing fracturing techniques to enhance resource extraction efficiency.
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.22376057,22174048,22274048,22274045,22274047,and 21904039)the Foundation of the Science&Technology Department of Hunan Province(Nos.2023JJ30394 and2023ZJ1123)。
文摘Rapid and robust identification of bacteria is crucial for environmental monitoring and clinical diagnosis.Herein,a bioinspired interface-mediated multichannel sensor array was developed based on three-coloremitting antimicrobial functional carbon dots(FCDs)and concanavalin A doped polydopamine nanoparticles(Con A-PDA)for identification of bacteria.In this sensor,the fluorescence intensity of the three FCDs was quenched by the Con A-PDA.Upon addition different types of bacteria,the fluorescence intensity of the three FCDs was restored or further quenched.Recur to statistical analysis methods,it is employed to accurately discriminate 10 types of bacteria(including three probiotics and seven pathogenic bacteria)in natural water samples and human urine samples.The discrimination ability of the sensor array was highly enhanced via different competing binding of the FCDs and the bacteria toward Con A-PDA.The proposed array-based method offers a rapid,high-throughput,and reliable sensing platform for pathogen diagnosis in the field of environmental monitoring and clinical diagnosis.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(No.2021YFA1500400)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.22175163)+3 种基金the Natural Science Foundation of Anhui Province(No.2208085UD04)Anhui Development and Reform Commission(Nos.AHZDCYCX-LSDT2023-08 and AHZDCYCX-LSDT2023-07)the Department of Ecology and Environment of Anhui Province(No.2023hb0018)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(No.WK2060000016).
文摘Despite the cost and activity advantages,ruthenium-based oxygen evolution reaction(OER)catalysts face severe stability problems for proton exchange membrane water electrolysis(PEM-WE)due to Ru dissolution.Although tremendous attention has been paid to enhancing the stability and activity under small current density in three electrode systems,there still lacks validation under industrial current density at the device level.Aiming at this issue,we report highly active and durable ruthenium-iridium alloyed oxides(IrRuO_(x))as the acidic OER catalyst for PEM-WE with exceptional durability for 1600 h at an industrial current density of 2.0 A·cm^(−2).X-ray absorption spectroscopy reveals that the introduction of iridium modulates the electronic structure of Ru and strengthens the local Ru–O bonds in RuO_(2),which is crucial for ensuring activity and stability.As a result,in comparison with its RuO_(2) counterpart,IrRuO_(x) works stably against the Ru leaching-induced catalytic layer breakage during the stability test.This work demonstrates the great potential of IrRuO_(x) as the practical OER catalyst for the application in PEM-WE.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.22276086,21976078)the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangxi Province(Nos.20202ACB213001,20232BCJ22003)。
文摘Degrading volatile organic compounds at low temperatures and active sites aggregation are still challenging.In this study,a novel mesoporous zeolite silicalite-1(S-1–meso)enveloped Pt–Ni bimetallic catalysts(noted as Pt1Ni1@S-1–meso)were synthesized via a facile in situ mesoporous template-free method.The Pt–Ni bimetallic nanoparticles were uniformly distributed and displayed a large specific surface area and enriched mesopores to facilitate the deep oxidation of toluene.The presence of the Pt–Ni O interface both increased the dispersion of the catalyst and improved its catalytic performance,thereby reducing the consumption of Pt.The Mars-van Krevelen mechanism and density function theory(DFT)calculations revealed that the Pt–Ni O interface effect changed the electronic structure of Pt and Ni species,reduced the activation potential for oxygen,formed reactive oxygen species,and facilitated the adsorption and activation of reactants in the direction favorable to the toluene oxidation.This study provides a guideline for minimizing the proportion of precious metals used in practical applications and a promising method for toluene elimination at low temperatures.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.51805181)the National Science Fund for Distinguished Young Scholars of China(No.51725504)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities of China(No.2020kfy XJJS049)。
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.81171191(to LYZ)the Shenzhen Special Fund Project on Strategic Emerging Industry Development of China,No.JCYJ20160422170522075(to LYZ)the Shenzhen Healthcare Research Project of China,No.201601015(to LYZ)
文摘Optogenetics is a combination of optics and genetics technology that can be used to activate or inhibit specific cells in tissues. It has been used to treat Parkinson’s disease, epilepsy and neurological diseases, but rarely Alzheimer’s disease. Adeno-associated virus carrying the CaMK promoter driving the optogenetic channelrhodopsin-2 (CHR2) gene (or without the CHR2 gene, as control) was injected into the bilateral dentate gyri, followed by repeated intrahippocampal injections of soluble low-molecular-weight amyloid-β1–42 peptide (Aβ1–42). Subsequently, the region was stimulated with a 473 nm laser (1–3 ms, 10 Hz, 5 minutes). The novel object recognition test was conducted to test memory function in mice. Immunohistochemical staining was performed to analyze the numbers of NeuN and synapsin Ia/b-positive cells in the hippocampus. Western blot assay was carried out to analyze the expression levels of glial fibrillary acidic protein, NeuN, synapsin Ia/b, metabotropic glutamate receptor-1a (mGluR-1a), mGluR-5, N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor subunit NR1, glutamate receptor 2, interleukin-1β, interleukin-6 and interleukin-10. Optogenetic stimulation improved working and short-term memory in mice with Alzheimer’s disease. This neuroprotective effect was associated with increased expression of NR1, glutamate receptor 2 and mGluR-5 in the hippocampus, and decreased expression of glial fibrillary acidic protein and interleukin-6. Our results show that optogenetics can be used to regulate the neuronal-glial network to ameliorate memory functions in mice with Alzheimer’s disease. The study was approved by the Animal Resources Committee of Jinan University, China (approval No. LL-KT-2011134) on February 28, 2011.
基金Project(2014CB643401) supported by the National Basic Research Program of ChinaProject(51674294) supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of ChinaProject(2016TP1007) supported by the Hunan Provincial Science and Technology Plan,China
文摘Phase separation rate is a critical character in determining the usefulness of a solvent extraction system in hydrometallurgy. A survey of the synergistic mixture containing dinonylnaphthalene sulfonic acid (HDNNS) and 2-ethylhexly 4-pyridinecarboxylate ester (4PC) for the extraction of cobalt from acidic single metal sulfate solution was carried out to suggest how the physicochemical properties and the morphology of the reverse micelles in the loaded organic phase affect the phase separation. The results show that effective parameters affecting the phase separation are the viscosity and the excess water uptake of the loaded organic phase. It is obvious that the specific settling rate (SSR) decreases with the apparent increase of these two parameters. The measurement of small angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) proves that the morphology of the reversed micelles in the loaded organic phase changes evidently with the change of the specific settling rate (SSR).
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.81572350。
文摘BACKGROUND Approximately 90%of new cases of noncardiac gastric cancer(GC)are related to Helicobacter pylori(H.pylori),and cytotoxin-associated gene A(CagA)is one of the main pathogenic factors.Recent studies have shown that the pharmacological effects of cryptotanshinone(CTS)can be used to treat a variety of tumors.However,the effects of CTS on H.pylori,especially CagA+strain-induced gastric mucosal lesions,on the development of GC is unknown.AIM To assess the role of CTS in CagA-induced proliferation and metastasis of GC cells,and determine if CagA+H.pylori strains causes pathological changes in the gastric mucosa of mice.METHODS The effects of CTS on the proliferation of GC cells were assessed using the Cell Counting Kit-8(CCK-8)assay,and the abnormal growth,migration and invasion caused by CagA were detected by CCK-8 and transwell assays.After transfection with pSR-HA-CagA and treatment with CTS,proliferation and metastasis were evaluated by CCK-8 and transwell assays,respectively,and the expression of Src homology 2(SH2)domain–containing phosphatase 2(SHP2)and phosphorylated SHP2(p-SHP2)was detected using western blotting in AGS cells.The enzymelinked immunosorbent assay was used to determine the immunoglobulin G(IgG)level against CagA in patient serum.Mice were divided into four groups and administered H.pylori strains(CagA+or CagA-)and CTS(or PBS)intragastrically,and establishment of the chronic infection model was verified using polymerase chain reaction and sequencing of isolated strains.Hematoxylin and eosin staining was used to assess mucosal erosion in the stomach and toxicity to the liver and kidney.RESULTS CTS inhibited the growth of GC cells in dose-and time-dependent manners.Overexpression of CagA promoted the growth,migration,and invasion of GC cells.Importantly,we demonstrated that CTS significantly inhibited the CagAinduced abnormal proliferation,migration,and invasion of GC cells.Moreover,the expression of p-SHP2 protein in tumor tissue was related to the expression of IgG against CagA in the serum of GC patients.Additionally,CTS suppressed the protein expression levels of both SHP2 and p-SHP2 in GC cells.CTS suppressed CagA+H.pylori strain-induced mucosal erosion in the stomach of mice but had no obvious effects on the CagA-H.pylori strain group.CONCLUSION CTS inhibited CagA-induced proliferation and the epithelial-mesenchymal transition of GC cells in vitro,and CagA+H.pylori strains caused mucosal erosions of the stomach in vivo by decreasing the protein expression of SHP2.
