Simulating the human olfactory nervous system is one of the key issues in the field of neuromorphic computing.Olfac-tory neurons interact with gas molecules,transmitting and storing odor information to the olfactory c...Simulating the human olfactory nervous system is one of the key issues in the field of neuromorphic computing.Olfac-tory neurons interact with gas molecules,transmitting and storing odor information to the olfactory center of the brain.In order to emulate the complex functionalities of olfactory neurons,this study presents a flexible olfactory synapse transistor(OST)based on pentacene/C8-BTBT organic heterojunction.By modulating the interface between the energy bands of the organic semiconductor layers,this device demonstrates high sensitivity(ppb level)and memory function for NH3 sensing.Typi-cal synaptic behaviors triggered by NH_(3) pulses have been successfully demonstrated,such as inhibitory postsynaptic currents(IPSC),paired-pulse depression(PPD),long-term potentiation/depression(LTP/LTD),and transition from short-term depression(STD)to long-term depression(LTD).Furthermore,this device maintains stable olfactory synaptic functions even under differ-ent bending conditions,which can present new insights and possibilities for flexible synaptic systems and bio-inspired elec-tronic products.展开更多
The advanced fin-shaped field-effect transistor(FinFET)technology offers higher integration density and stronger channel control capabilities,however,more complex process effects are also introduced which have signifi...The advanced fin-shaped field-effect transistor(FinFET)technology offers higher integration density and stronger channel control capabilities,however,more complex process effects are also introduced which have significant influence on device performance.To address these issues,we complete a design-technology co-optimization(DTCO)focused on FinFET,including both process-induced effect during gate formation and corresponding digital unit optimization design.The 14 nm Fin-FET complementary metal oxide semiconductor(CMOS)technology is used to illustrate the sensitivity of transistor perfor-mance to process-induced effect,specifically the poly pitch effect(PPE)and cut poly effect(CPE).Predictive technology com-puter aided design(TCAD)simulations have been carried out to evaluate the transistor performance in advance.Based on the results,optimizations in digital unit design is proposed.Fall delay of the digital unit inverter is decreased by 0.7%,and the rise delay is decreased by 2.1%.For multiple selector(MUX2NV),the delay decreases by 4.64%for rise and 3.56%for drop,respec-tively.展开更多
In this study, we used a mixture of organic liquid propane-1,3-diol and ionic liquid 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride([emim]Cl) as the entrainer to separate tert-butyl alcohol(TBA) + water. We measured the isobari...In this study, we used a mixture of organic liquid propane-1,3-diol and ionic liquid 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride([emim]Cl) as the entrainer to separate tert-butyl alcohol(TBA) + water. We measured the isobaric vapor–liquid equilibrium(VLE) for the quaternary system TBA + water + propane-1,3-diol + [emim]Cl at 101.3 kPa, and found the VLE data to be well correlated with the nonrandom two-liquid model. These results show that the mixed solvent of propane-1,3-diol + [emim]Cl can increase the relative volatility of TBA to water and break the azeotropic point. We found no notable synergetic effect between them, and observed that the liquid mixed solvent of propane-1,3-diol and [emim]Cl had lower viscosity than [emim]Cl, which makes it a promising entrainer for separating the TBA + water azeotrope in industrial applications.展开更多
Pancreatic cancer remains a highly lethal malignancy with limited early detection methods and therapeutic options.To better understand its molecular underpinnings,we performed a comprehensive singlecell RNA-sequencing...Pancreatic cancer remains a highly lethal malignancy with limited early detection methods and therapeutic options.To better understand its molecular underpinnings,we performed a comprehensive singlecell RNA-sequencing analysis of Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells(PBMCs)from 16 pancreatic cancer patients and 4 healthy controls.After integrating datasets using Harmony to correct for batch effects,we annotated immune cells across three levels of resolution,identifying Level 2 as optimal for downstream analysis.Differential gene expression and pathway enrichment analyses revealed distinct transcriptional signatures across immune subsets,including CD4⁺T cells,monocytes,NK cells,and regulatory T cells.Notably,monocytes exhibited pronounced pro-inflammatory shifts,while unexpected expression of pancreatic enzyme-related genes was observed in erythroid cells and Tregs,suggesting potential contamination or stressinduced pathways.Our study provides a high-resolution map of the systemic immune landscape in pancreatic cancer and highlights candidate cellular and transcriptional mechanisms that may contribute to disease pathology,offering potential targets for future diagnostic and therapeutic strategies.展开更多
In January 2026,the world record for a 35.6 T-35 mm all superconducting user magnet was achieved.The 35.6T user magnet consisted of the REBCO high temperature superconducting insert magnet and a low-temperature superc...In January 2026,the world record for a 35.6 T-35 mm all superconducting user magnet was achieved.The 35.6T user magnet consisted of the REBCO high temperature superconducting insert magnet and a low-temperature superconducting magnet.Furthermore,the REBCO high temperature superconducting insert magnet itself also reached 27.5T in liquid He,which also set a world record for the all high temperature superconducting user magnet.This magnet holds great significance for both cutting-edge scientific research and superconducting magnet technology.展开更多
Traditional computing structures are blocked by the von Neumann bottleneck,and neuromorphic computing devices inspired by the human brain which integrate storage and computation have received more and more attention.H...Traditional computing structures are blocked by the von Neumann bottleneck,and neuromorphic computing devices inspired by the human brain which integrate storage and computation have received more and more attention.Here,a flexible organic device with 2,7-dioctyl[1]benzothieno[3,2-b][1]benzothiophene(C8-BTBT)and 2,9-didecyldinaphtho[2,3-b:2′,3′-f]thieno[3,2-b]thiophene(C10-DNTT)heterostructural channel having excellent synaptic behaviors was fabricated on muscovite(MICA)substrate,which has a memory window greater than 20 V.This device shows better electrical characteristics than organic field effect transistors with single organic semiconductor channel.Furthermore,the device simulates organism synaptic behaviors successfully,such as paired-pulse facilitation(PPF),long-term potentiation/depression(LTP/LTD)process,and transition from short-term memory(STM)to long-term memory(LTM)by optical and electrical modulations.Importantly,the neuromorphic computing function was verified using the Modified National Institute of Standards and Technology(MNIST)pattern recognition,with a recognition rate nearly 100%without noise.This research proposes a flexible organic heterojunction with the ultra-high recognition rate in MNIST pattern recognition and provides the possibility for future flexible wearable neuromorphic computing devices.展开更多
The energy consumption in a batch rectifier and a batch stripper was investigated with a shortcut mathematical model.The minimum energy consumption of a batch stripper was compared to that of a batch rectifier under“...The energy consumption in a batch rectifier and a batch stripper was investigated with a shortcut mathematical model.The minimum energy consumption of a batch stripper was compared to that of a batch rectifier under“general constant reflux”and“general constant distillate composition”with the ratio of minimum energy consumption E_(S)/E_(R).When the feed contains a large amount of light component,the product purity specification is low and the relative volatility is small,the minimum energy consumption of a batch stripper is less than that of a batch rectifier under“general constant reflux”and“general constant distillate composition”.When the feed contains a small amount of light component,the product purity specification is very high and the relative volatility is low,a batch stripper can also consume less energy only in the“general constant distillate composition”operation mode.In other cases,a batch rectifier can consume less energy.展开更多
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China (2021YFA120260)the NSFC (92064009,22175042,12474071)+3 种基金the Science and Technology Commission of Shanghai Municipality (22501100900)Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province (ZR2024YQ051)the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation (2022TQ0068,2023M740644)the Shanghai Sailing Program (23YF1402200,23YF1402400).
文摘Simulating the human olfactory nervous system is one of the key issues in the field of neuromorphic computing.Olfac-tory neurons interact with gas molecules,transmitting and storing odor information to the olfactory center of the brain.In order to emulate the complex functionalities of olfactory neurons,this study presents a flexible olfactory synapse transistor(OST)based on pentacene/C8-BTBT organic heterojunction.By modulating the interface between the energy bands of the organic semiconductor layers,this device demonstrates high sensitivity(ppb level)and memory function for NH3 sensing.Typi-cal synaptic behaviors triggered by NH_(3) pulses have been successfully demonstrated,such as inhibitory postsynaptic currents(IPSC),paired-pulse depression(PPD),long-term potentiation/depression(LTP/LTD),and transition from short-term depression(STD)to long-term depression(LTD).Furthermore,this device maintains stable olfactory synaptic functions even under differ-ent bending conditions,which can present new insights and possibilities for flexible synaptic systems and bio-inspired elec-tronic products.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (623B2028).
文摘The advanced fin-shaped field-effect transistor(FinFET)technology offers higher integration density and stronger channel control capabilities,however,more complex process effects are also introduced which have significant influence on device performance.To address these issues,we complete a design-technology co-optimization(DTCO)focused on FinFET,including both process-induced effect during gate formation and corresponding digital unit optimization design.The 14 nm Fin-FET complementary metal oxide semiconductor(CMOS)technology is used to illustrate the sensitivity of transistor perfor-mance to process-induced effect,specifically the poly pitch effect(PPE)and cut poly effect(CPE).Predictive technology com-puter aided design(TCAD)simulations have been carried out to evaluate the transistor performance in advance.Based on the results,optimizations in digital unit design is proposed.Fall delay of the digital unit inverter is decreased by 0.7%,and the rise delay is decreased by 2.1%.For multiple selector(MUX2NV),the delay decreases by 4.64%for rise and 3.56%for drop,respec-tively.
基金supported by the Innovation Fund of Tianjin University (No. 2010XJ-0022)
文摘In this study, we used a mixture of organic liquid propane-1,3-diol and ionic liquid 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride([emim]Cl) as the entrainer to separate tert-butyl alcohol(TBA) + water. We measured the isobaric vapor–liquid equilibrium(VLE) for the quaternary system TBA + water + propane-1,3-diol + [emim]Cl at 101.3 kPa, and found the VLE data to be well correlated with the nonrandom two-liquid model. These results show that the mixed solvent of propane-1,3-diol + [emim]Cl can increase the relative volatility of TBA to water and break the azeotropic point. We found no notable synergetic effect between them, and observed that the liquid mixed solvent of propane-1,3-diol and [emim]Cl had lower viscosity than [emim]Cl, which makes it a promising entrainer for separating the TBA + water azeotrope in industrial applications.
文摘Pancreatic cancer remains a highly lethal malignancy with limited early detection methods and therapeutic options.To better understand its molecular underpinnings,we performed a comprehensive singlecell RNA-sequencing analysis of Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells(PBMCs)from 16 pancreatic cancer patients and 4 healthy controls.After integrating datasets using Harmony to correct for batch effects,we annotated immune cells across three levels of resolution,identifying Level 2 as optimal for downstream analysis.Differential gene expression and pathway enrichment analyses revealed distinct transcriptional signatures across immune subsets,including CD4⁺T cells,monocytes,NK cells,and regulatory T cells.Notably,monocytes exhibited pronounced pro-inflammatory shifts,while unexpected expression of pancreatic enzyme-related genes was observed in erythroid cells and Tregs,suggesting potential contamination or stressinduced pathways.Our study provides a high-resolution map of the systemic immune landscape in pancreatic cancer and highlights candidate cellular and transcriptional mechanisms that may contribute to disease pathology,offering potential targets for future diagnostic and therapeutic strategies.
基金upported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(52325701,52588101,52293422,U23A6003,52293421,52422702)National Key R&D Program of China(2022YFA1602801)+1 种基金CAS Superconducting Research Project(SCZX-0301,SCZX-0302)Beijing Municipal Natural Science Foundation(L245010).A portion of this work was carried out at the Synergetic Extreme Condition User Facility(SECUF,https://cstr.cn/31123.02.SECUF).
文摘In January 2026,the world record for a 35.6 T-35 mm all superconducting user magnet was achieved.The 35.6T user magnet consisted of the REBCO high temperature superconducting insert magnet and a low-temperature superconducting magnet.Furthermore,the REBCO high temperature superconducting insert magnet itself also reached 27.5T in liquid He,which also set a world record for the all high temperature superconducting user magnet.This magnet holds great significance for both cutting-edge scientific research and superconducting magnet technology.
基金the National Key Research and Development Program of China(No.2021YFA1202600)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.92064009 and 22175042)+3 种基金the Science and Technology Commission of Shanghai Municipality(No.22501100900)the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(Nos.2022TQ0068 and 2023M740644)the Shanghai Sailing Program(Nos.23YF1402200 and 23YF1402400)Jiashan Fudan Institute.
文摘Traditional computing structures are blocked by the von Neumann bottleneck,and neuromorphic computing devices inspired by the human brain which integrate storage and computation have received more and more attention.Here,a flexible organic device with 2,7-dioctyl[1]benzothieno[3,2-b][1]benzothiophene(C8-BTBT)and 2,9-didecyldinaphtho[2,3-b:2′,3′-f]thieno[3,2-b]thiophene(C10-DNTT)heterostructural channel having excellent synaptic behaviors was fabricated on muscovite(MICA)substrate,which has a memory window greater than 20 V.This device shows better electrical characteristics than organic field effect transistors with single organic semiconductor channel.Furthermore,the device simulates organism synaptic behaviors successfully,such as paired-pulse facilitation(PPF),long-term potentiation/depression(LTP/LTD)process,and transition from short-term memory(STM)to long-term memory(LTM)by optical and electrical modulations.Importantly,the neuromorphic computing function was verified using the Modified National Institute of Standards and Technology(MNIST)pattern recognition,with a recognition rate nearly 100%without noise.This research proposes a flexible organic heterojunction with the ultra-high recognition rate in MNIST pattern recognition and provides the possibility for future flexible wearable neuromorphic computing devices.
文摘The energy consumption in a batch rectifier and a batch stripper was investigated with a shortcut mathematical model.The minimum energy consumption of a batch stripper was compared to that of a batch rectifier under“general constant reflux”and“general constant distillate composition”with the ratio of minimum energy consumption E_(S)/E_(R).When the feed contains a large amount of light component,the product purity specification is low and the relative volatility is small,the minimum energy consumption of a batch stripper is less than that of a batch rectifier under“general constant reflux”and“general constant distillate composition”.When the feed contains a small amount of light component,the product purity specification is very high and the relative volatility is low,a batch stripper can also consume less energy only in the“general constant distillate composition”operation mode.In other cases,a batch rectifier can consume less energy.
