Radioisotope leaking from nuclear waste has become an intractable problem due to its gamma radiation and strong water solubility.In this work,a novel porous ZnFC-PA/PSF composite sphere was fabricated by immobilizatio...Radioisotope leaking from nuclear waste has become an intractable problem due to its gamma radiation and strong water solubility.In this work,a novel porous ZnFC-PA/PSF composite sphere was fabricated by immobilization of ferrocyanides modified zinc phytate into polysulfone(PSF)substrate for the treatment of Cs-contaminated water.The maximum adsorption capacity of ZnFC-PA/PSF was 305.38 mg/g,and the removal efficiency of Cs+was reached 94.27%within 2 hr.The ZnFC-PA/PSF presented favorable stability with negligible dissolution loss of Zn^(2+)and Fe^(2+)(<2%).The ZnFC-PA/PSF achieved high-selectivity towards Cs+(K_(d)=2.24×10^(4)mL/g)even in actual geothermal water.The adsorption mechanism was inferred to be the ion-exchange between Cs^(+)and K^(+).What’s more,ZnFC-PA/PSF worked well in the fixed-bed adsorption(E=91.92%),indicating the application potential for the hazardous Cs^(+)removal from wastewater.展开更多
The selective elimination of radioactive cesium from complicated wastewater is imperative in view of environment and human health.Montmorillonite has been accepted as one of the most promising adsorbents for cesium pu...The selective elimination of radioactive cesium from complicated wastewater is imperative in view of environment and human health.Montmorillonite has been accepted as one of the most promising adsorbents for cesium purification.However,its poor selectivity still remains a major challenge.Herein,a novel montmorillonite-sulfur composite was developed via a facile one-step solvent-free method and used for Cs^(+) removal.Owing to the fact that soft Lewis base S^(2-) ligand interacted more strongly with softer Lewis acid Cs^(+) than other cations,the capacity and selectivity towards Cs^(+) was significantly enhanced.In this case,a large capacity of 160.9 mg g^(-1) was achieved.The distribution coefficient value(~4000 mL g^(-1))was 3-times larger than that of pristine montmorillonite(~1500 mL g^(-1)).Moreover,this composite could be easily recycled and reused within five times recycling experiments.Therefore,this low-cost and facilely prepared composite are expected to be used for the selective removal of Cs^(+) from complicated wastewater containing various competing ions.展开更多
Saline lakes are widespread on all continents.Since 1979,an informal international association of salt lake researchers from a variety of disciplines has sponsored a series of triennial conferences to foster scientifi...Saline lakes are widespread on all continents.Since 1979,an informal international association of salt lake researchers from a variety of disciplines has sponsored a series of triennial conferences to foster scientific exchange and our understanding of saline lakes.International Society for Salt Lake Research(ISSLR,www.isslr.org)was founded in 1994 to establish effective liaison between persons interested in any aspect of inland saline waters,to encourage these interests,and to educate the public in the scientific use,management,and conservation of salt lakes.ISSLR conferences are held triennially.The conferences are usually hosted by a local University or research institution and provide an excellent opportunity for networking among globally dispe rsed researchers.展开更多
The solubilities and densities of the aqueous metastable ternary systems(NaCl-MgCl_(2)-H_(2)O)and(KCl-MgCl_(2)-H_(2)O)at 308.15 K were determined by the isothermal evaporation method.On the basis of the experimental r...The solubilities and densities of the aqueous metastable ternary systems(NaCl-MgCl_(2)-H_(2)O)and(KCl-MgCl_(2)-H_(2)O)at 308.15 K were determined by the isothermal evaporation method.On the basis of the experimental results,the phase diagrams for those systems were plotted.It was found that the former system belongs to the hydrate-I type with one invariant point of(NaCl+MgCl_(2)·6H_(2)O),two univariant curves,and two crystal-lization regions corresponding to halite(NaCl)and bischofite(MgCl_(2)·6H_(2)O);and the latter system belongs to the type of incongruent-double salts with two invariant points of(KCl+KCl·MgCl_(2)·6H_(2)O)and(MgCl_(2)·6H_(2)O+KCl·MgCl_(2)·6H_(2)O),three univariant curves,and three crystallization regions corresponding to potassium chlor-ide(KCl),carnallite(KCl·MgCl_(2)·6H_(2)O)and bischofite(MgCl_(2)·6H_(2).No solid solutions were found in both systems.展开更多
This research was conducted to investigate the biooxidation and copper dissolution from raw low-grade refractory copper sulphide ores located in the Xinjiang Autonomous Region of China using adapted Thiobacillus ferro...This research was conducted to investigate the biooxidation and copper dissolution from raw low-grade refractory copper sulphide ores located in the Xinjiang Autonomous Region of China using adapted Thiobacillus ferrooxidans bacteria.In order to accelerate the bioleach-ing rate,the adapted mixed bacteria and silver ion catalyst were tested in the leach columns at laboratory scale.The overall acid consumption was 4.3kg sulphuric acid per kg of dissolved copper and was linearly related to the percent copper dissolution.The calculated copper dissolution rates obey the Shrinking Core Model.The relative activation energy of the whole biooxidative leaching stages was calculated to be 48.58kJ/mol.展开更多
Zangnan Salt Lake on the south of the Tibet is a type of carbonate lake with high concentrations of lithium,boron,and potassium and obviously it differs from seawater in its chemical composition.An experimental simula...Zangnan Salt Lake on the south of the Tibet is a type of carbonate lake with high concentrations of lithium,boron,and potassium and obviously it differs from seawater in its chemical composition.An experimental simulation of the caloric evaporation of the lake’s brine was conducted byfirst freezing the brine and then performing isothermal evaporation at 288.15 K.The freezing path and the physicochemical properties of the brine were determined.The crystallization sequence was natron,hydrohalite,halite,sylvite,zabuyelite,trona,aphthitalite,thermonatrite,and borax.Rubidium and cesium salts did not crystallized out but concentrated in the mother solution.The physicochemical properties(density,refractive index,conductivity,and pH)of the liquid phase changed as the evaporation progressed.In the beginning of the evaporation processes,the concentration of potassium ions in the liquid phase gradually increased but later it decreased.A peak value of 55.21 g/L was obtained when the evaporation was 88%complete.When the mineral aphthitalite began to crystallize;the concentra-tions of B2O3,Li+,Rb+,and Cs+gradually increased as the evaporation progressed.When the evaporation was 98%complete,their concentrations in the mother liquor were 40.77 g/L,4.838 g/L,400.17 mg/L and 31.95 mg/L,respectively.This essential fundamental study can provide an important reference for the comprehensive utilization of brines in Zangnan Salt Lake.展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.22203062,22078247,U1707602,U1507109)the Yangtze Scholars and Innovative Research Team in University of Ministry of Education of China(No.IRT17R81)。
文摘Radioisotope leaking from nuclear waste has become an intractable problem due to its gamma radiation and strong water solubility.In this work,a novel porous ZnFC-PA/PSF composite sphere was fabricated by immobilization of ferrocyanides modified zinc phytate into polysulfone(PSF)substrate for the treatment of Cs-contaminated water.The maximum adsorption capacity of ZnFC-PA/PSF was 305.38 mg/g,and the removal efficiency of Cs+was reached 94.27%within 2 hr.The ZnFC-PA/PSF presented favorable stability with negligible dissolution loss of Zn^(2+)and Fe^(2+)(<2%).The ZnFC-PA/PSF achieved high-selectivity towards Cs+(K_(d)=2.24×10^(4)mL/g)even in actual geothermal water.The adsorption mechanism was inferred to be the ion-exchange between Cs^(+)and K^(+).What’s more,ZnFC-PA/PSF worked well in the fixed-bed adsorption(E=91.92%),indicating the application potential for the hazardous Cs^(+)removal from wastewater.
基金partial financial supports from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(21901183 and 21773170)Innovation Project of Excellent Doctorial Dissertation of Tianjin University of Science and Technology(201909)+2 种基金National Undergraduate Innovation and Entrepreneurship Training Project(201910057101)the Major Special Project of Tibet Autonomous Region(XZ201801-GB01)the Yangtze Scholars and Innovative Research Team of the Chinese University(IRT_17R81)。
文摘The selective elimination of radioactive cesium from complicated wastewater is imperative in view of environment and human health.Montmorillonite has been accepted as one of the most promising adsorbents for cesium purification.However,its poor selectivity still remains a major challenge.Herein,a novel montmorillonite-sulfur composite was developed via a facile one-step solvent-free method and used for Cs^(+) removal.Owing to the fact that soft Lewis base S^(2-) ligand interacted more strongly with softer Lewis acid Cs^(+) than other cations,the capacity and selectivity towards Cs^(+) was significantly enhanced.In this case,a large capacity of 160.9 mg g^(-1) was achieved.The distribution coefficient value(~4000 mL g^(-1))was 3-times larger than that of pristine montmorillonite(~1500 mL g^(-1)).Moreover,this composite could be easily recycled and reused within five times recycling experiments.Therefore,this low-cost and facilely prepared composite are expected to be used for the selective removal of Cs^(+) from complicated wastewater containing various competing ions.
基金supported by the State Assignment of the Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Russian Federation(No.0287-2021-0019)。
文摘Saline lakes are widespread on all continents.Since 1979,an informal international association of salt lake researchers from a variety of disciplines has sponsored a series of triennial conferences to foster scientific exchange and our understanding of saline lakes.International Society for Salt Lake Research(ISSLR,www.isslr.org)was founded in 1994 to establish effective liaison between persons interested in any aspect of inland saline waters,to encourage these interests,and to educate the public in the scientific use,management,and conservation of salt lakes.ISSLR conferences are held triennially.The conferences are usually hosted by a local University or research institution and provide an excellent opportunity for networking among globally dispe rsed researchers.
基金Financial support from the State Key Program of National Natural Science of China(No.20836009)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.40573044,40773045)+1 种基金the“A Hundred Talents Program”of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(No.0560051057)the Specialized Research Fund for the Doctoral Program of Chinese Higher Education(No.20060616004)is greatly acknowledged.
文摘The solubilities and densities of the aqueous metastable ternary systems(NaCl-MgCl_(2)-H_(2)O)and(KCl-MgCl_(2)-H_(2)O)at 308.15 K were determined by the isothermal evaporation method.On the basis of the experimental results,the phase diagrams for those systems were plotted.It was found that the former system belongs to the hydrate-I type with one invariant point of(NaCl+MgCl_(2)·6H_(2)O),two univariant curves,and two crystal-lization regions corresponding to halite(NaCl)and bischofite(MgCl_(2)·6H_(2)O);and the latter system belongs to the type of incongruent-double salts with two invariant points of(KCl+KCl·MgCl_(2)·6H_(2)O)and(MgCl_(2)·6H_(2)O+KCl·MgCl_(2)·6H_(2)O),three univariant curves,and three crystallization regions corresponding to potassium chlor-ide(KCl),carnallite(KCl·MgCl_(2)·6H_(2)O)and bischofite(MgCl_(2)·6H_(2).No solid solutions were found in both systems.
基金Financial contributions from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.20776019 and 40573044)the“A Hundred Talents Program”of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(No.0560051057)+1 种基金the Key Program of Department of Education of Sichuan Government(No.2004A146)the Applied Basic Research Program of Sichuan Government(Nos.05JY029-089-1,05JY029-089-2)are acknowl-edged.
文摘This research was conducted to investigate the biooxidation and copper dissolution from raw low-grade refractory copper sulphide ores located in the Xinjiang Autonomous Region of China using adapted Thiobacillus ferrooxidans bacteria.In order to accelerate the bioleach-ing rate,the adapted mixed bacteria and silver ion catalyst were tested in the leach columns at laboratory scale.The overall acid consumption was 4.3kg sulphuric acid per kg of dissolved copper and was linearly related to the percent copper dissolution.The calculated copper dissolution rates obey the Shrinking Core Model.The relative activation energy of the whole biooxidative leaching stages was calculated to be 48.58kJ/mol.
基金Financial support from the State Key Program of the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.20836009)the Key Laboratory of Saline Lake Resources and Environmental Ministry of Land and Resources,and the Tianjin Key Laboratory of Marine Resources and Chemistry(No.200909)is greatly appreciated.
文摘Zangnan Salt Lake on the south of the Tibet is a type of carbonate lake with high concentrations of lithium,boron,and potassium and obviously it differs from seawater in its chemical composition.An experimental simulation of the caloric evaporation of the lake’s brine was conducted byfirst freezing the brine and then performing isothermal evaporation at 288.15 K.The freezing path and the physicochemical properties of the brine were determined.The crystallization sequence was natron,hydrohalite,halite,sylvite,zabuyelite,trona,aphthitalite,thermonatrite,and borax.Rubidium and cesium salts did not crystallized out but concentrated in the mother solution.The physicochemical properties(density,refractive index,conductivity,and pH)of the liquid phase changed as the evaporation progressed.In the beginning of the evaporation processes,the concentration of potassium ions in the liquid phase gradually increased but later it decreased.A peak value of 55.21 g/L was obtained when the evaporation was 88%complete.When the mineral aphthitalite began to crystallize;the concentra-tions of B2O3,Li+,Rb+,and Cs+gradually increased as the evaporation progressed.When the evaporation was 98%complete,their concentrations in the mother liquor were 40.77 g/L,4.838 g/L,400.17 mg/L and 31.95 mg/L,respectively.This essential fundamental study can provide an important reference for the comprehensive utilization of brines in Zangnan Salt Lake.
