Evolutionary biologists are always interested in deciphering the geographic context of diversification,therefore they introduced the concept of comparative phylogeography,which helps to identify common mechanisms that...Evolutionary biologists are always interested in deciphering the geographic context of diversification,therefore they introduced the concept of comparative phylogeography,which helps to identify common mechanisms that contribute to shared genetic structures among organisms from the same region.Here,we used multi-locus genetic data along with environmental data to investigate shared phylogeographic patterns among three Asianendemic newt genera,Cynops,Paramesotriton and Pachytriton,which occurred in montane/submontane streams or ponds in southern China.Our 222samples from 78 localities covered the entire range of the three genera and represented the largest dataset of this group to date.We reconstructed matrilineal genealogies from two protein-coding,mitochondrial genes,and gene network from two nuclear genes.We also estimated divergence times of major cladogenetic events and used occurrence data to evaluate niche difference and similarity between lineages.Our results revealed a common basal split in all three genera that corresponds to the separation of two geographic terrains of southern China.Those ancient divergence occurred during middle to late Miocene and likely correlate with paleoclimatic fluctuations caused by the uplift of the Qinghai-Xizang(Tibet)Plateau(QTP).Particularly,the strengthening and weakening of Asian summer monsoons during the Miocene may have profoundly impacted southern China and led to repeatedly vicariance in those newts.However,despite differences in realized niches between lineages,there is no evidence for divergence of fundamental niches.Preservation of old newt matriline lineages in mountains of southern China suggests that the region acts as both museums and cradles of speciation.Based on those results,we advocate a multi-pronged protection strategy for newts in the three genera.展开更多
The sole voucher of Papenfuss＇ Rock Agama, Laudakia papenfussi （CIB 775001）, an adult male, was collected from Zanda, Tibet, China on July 1, 1976 and described in 1998. No information on this species appeared sinc...The sole voucher of Papenfuss＇ Rock Agama, Laudakia papenfussi （CIB 775001）, an adult male, was collected from Zanda, Tibet, China on July 1, 1976 and described in 1998. No information on this species appeared since its description. In September 2014, we collected one female and six males at the type locality. Based on the original description and these newly collected specimens, we re-describe this species. Principal components analysis based on 33 morphological characteristics clearly diagnose L. papenfussi from closely related species. One way ANOVA test shows significant differences among four Tibetan rock agamas for 9 characters at 95% significant level, and 8 characters at 99% significant level. Molecular analyses recover three main clades in Laudakia. The four Tibetan rock agamas place into two geographical groups： Yarlung Zangbo group （L. sacra and L. wui） and the Himalayan group （L. tuberculata and L. papenfussi）.展开更多
基金supported by the Strategic Priority Research Program,CAS(XDB31040202,XDA19050303)China’s Biodiversity Observation Network(Sino-BON),Digitalization,Development and Application of Biotic Resource(202002AA100007)+5 种基金Animal Branch of the Germplasm Bank of Wild Species,Chinese Academy of Sciences(Large Research Infrastructure Funding)National Natural Science Foundation of China(32170478)Yunnan FundamentalResearchProject(202001AW070016,202005AC160046)Young Talent Project of China Association for Science and Technology(2019-2021QNRC001)Second Tibetan Plateau Scientific Expedition and Research Program(2019QZKK0501)supported by the CAS President’s International Fellowship Initiative(PIFI)to R.W.M.
文摘Evolutionary biologists are always interested in deciphering the geographic context of diversification,therefore they introduced the concept of comparative phylogeography,which helps to identify common mechanisms that contribute to shared genetic structures among organisms from the same region.Here,we used multi-locus genetic data along with environmental data to investigate shared phylogeographic patterns among three Asianendemic newt genera,Cynops,Paramesotriton and Pachytriton,which occurred in montane/submontane streams or ponds in southern China.Our 222samples from 78 localities covered the entire range of the three genera and represented the largest dataset of this group to date.We reconstructed matrilineal genealogies from two protein-coding,mitochondrial genes,and gene network from two nuclear genes.We also estimated divergence times of major cladogenetic events and used occurrence data to evaluate niche difference and similarity between lineages.Our results revealed a common basal split in all three genera that corresponds to the separation of two geographic terrains of southern China.Those ancient divergence occurred during middle to late Miocene and likely correlate with paleoclimatic fluctuations caused by the uplift of the Qinghai-Xizang(Tibet)Plateau(QTP).Particularly,the strengthening and weakening of Asian summer monsoons during the Miocene may have profoundly impacted southern China and led to repeatedly vicariance in those newts.However,despite differences in realized niches between lineages,there is no evidence for divergence of fundamental niches.Preservation of old newt matriline lineages in mountains of southern China suggests that the region acts as both museums and cradles of speciation.Based on those results,we advocate a multi-pronged protection strategy for newts in the three genera.
基金supported by grants from the Ministry of Science and Technology of China(2014FY210200,2011FY120200)State Key Laboratory of Genetic Resources and Evolution,Kunming Institute of Zoology,CAS(GREKF13-10)+1 种基金the Animal Branch of the Germplasm Bank of Wild Species of Chinese Academy of Sciences(the Large Research Infrastructure Funding)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(NSFC 31060280)
文摘The sole voucher of Papenfuss＇ Rock Agama, Laudakia papenfussi （CIB 775001）, an adult male, was collected from Zanda, Tibet, China on July 1, 1976 and described in 1998. No information on this species appeared since its description. In September 2014, we collected one female and six males at the type locality. Based on the original description and these newly collected specimens, we re-describe this species. Principal components analysis based on 33 morphological characteristics clearly diagnose L. papenfussi from closely related species. One way ANOVA test shows significant differences among four Tibetan rock agamas for 9 characters at 95% significant level, and 8 characters at 99% significant level. Molecular analyses recover three main clades in Laudakia. The four Tibetan rock agamas place into two geographical groups： Yarlung Zangbo group （L. sacra and L. wui） and the Himalayan group （L. tuberculata and L. papenfussi）.
