[目的]分析干旱区受损植被恢复过程中生态需水量,为生态恢复不同阶段所需水资源量及水资源优化配置提供科学依据。[方法]基于1990,2000,2010,2015,2020年Landsat系列影像,采用遥感技术,结合改进的彭曼公式法,对新疆哈巴河县平原区植被...[目的]分析干旱区受损植被恢复过程中生态需水量,为生态恢复不同阶段所需水资源量及水资源优化配置提供科学依据。[方法]基于1990,2000,2010,2015,2020年Landsat系列影像,采用遥感技术,结合改进的彭曼公式法,对新疆哈巴河县平原区植被耗水量时空演变特征及生态恢复需水量进行了定量研究。[结果]①1990—2020年天然植被平均耗水量为7.55×10^(8)m^(3),以3.60×10^(7)m^(3)/5 a的速率减小,与之对应的是天然植被面积以17.36 km 2/a的速率减小,植被覆盖度从高植被覆盖度向中植被覆盖度转化,生态受损严重。②区域内植被耗水量时空分布均存在较大差异:空间上高值主要分布于哈巴河流域,别列则克河流域植被耗水量整体偏低;时间上年际变化以2000年植被耗水量为最高,年内植被耗水量则主要集中在生长中期。③绿洲区生态恢复需水量如下:维持现状(2020年)生态需水量为4.62×10^(8)m^(3),恢复到1990—2020年生态平均水平生态需水量为6.65×10^(8)m^(3),达到1990—2020年生态最佳水平(2000年)生态需水量为9.55×10^(8)m^(3)。[结论]在人为与自然二元作用下,灌区1990—2020年生态环境整体呈现退化趋势,生态耗水空间分配失衡,受损植被生态恢复需水量时空配置应根据耗水时空分布进行优化完善。展开更多
Coating slurries for making anodes and cathodes of lithium batteries contain a large percentage of solid particles of different chemicals, sizes and shapes in highly viscous media. A thorough mixing of these slurries ...Coating slurries for making anodes and cathodes of lithium batteries contain a large percentage of solid particles of different chemicals, sizes and shapes in highly viscous media. A thorough mixing of these slurries poses a major challenge in the battery manufacturing process. Several types of mixing devices and mixing methods were examined. The conventional turbine stirrers or ball mill mixers could be adequately used for the preparation of anode slurries, but not suitable for cathode slurries. In this study, a newly three-dimensional mixer, in conjunction with a multi-stage mixing sequence was proposed. The mixing effectiveness was examined by means of rheological measurements and flow visualization techniques. Preliminary electrical performance results indicated that the battery obtained using the 3D mixing device with a multi-stage mixing sequence was more efficient to those obtained from conventional methods.展开更多
文摘[目的]分析干旱区受损植被恢复过程中生态需水量,为生态恢复不同阶段所需水资源量及水资源优化配置提供科学依据。[方法]基于1990,2000,2010,2015,2020年Landsat系列影像,采用遥感技术,结合改进的彭曼公式法,对新疆哈巴河县平原区植被耗水量时空演变特征及生态恢复需水量进行了定量研究。[结果]①1990—2020年天然植被平均耗水量为7.55×10^(8)m^(3),以3.60×10^(7)m^(3)/5 a的速率减小,与之对应的是天然植被面积以17.36 km 2/a的速率减小,植被覆盖度从高植被覆盖度向中植被覆盖度转化,生态受损严重。②区域内植被耗水量时空分布均存在较大差异:空间上高值主要分布于哈巴河流域,别列则克河流域植被耗水量整体偏低;时间上年际变化以2000年植被耗水量为最高,年内植被耗水量则主要集中在生长中期。③绿洲区生态恢复需水量如下:维持现状(2020年)生态需水量为4.62×10^(8)m^(3),恢复到1990—2020年生态平均水平生态需水量为6.65×10^(8)m^(3),达到1990—2020年生态最佳水平(2000年)生态需水量为9.55×10^(8)m^(3)。[结论]在人为与自然二元作用下,灌区1990—2020年生态环境整体呈现退化趋势,生态耗水空间分配失衡,受损植被生态恢复需水量时空配置应根据耗水时空分布进行优化完善。
文摘Coating slurries for making anodes and cathodes of lithium batteries contain a large percentage of solid particles of different chemicals, sizes and shapes in highly viscous media. A thorough mixing of these slurries poses a major challenge in the battery manufacturing process. Several types of mixing devices and mixing methods were examined. The conventional turbine stirrers or ball mill mixers could be adequately used for the preparation of anode slurries, but not suitable for cathode slurries. In this study, a newly three-dimensional mixer, in conjunction with a multi-stage mixing sequence was proposed. The mixing effectiveness was examined by means of rheological measurements and flow visualization techniques. Preliminary electrical performance results indicated that the battery obtained using the 3D mixing device with a multi-stage mixing sequence was more efficient to those obtained from conventional methods.
