Progressive photoreceptor cell death is one of the main pathological features of age-related macular degeneration and eventually leads to vision loss.Ferroptosis has been demonstrated to be associated with retinal deg...Progressive photoreceptor cell death is one of the main pathological features of age-related macular degeneration and eventually leads to vision loss.Ferroptosis has been demonstrated to be associated with retinal degenerative diseases.However,the molecular mechanisms underlying ferroptosis and photoreceptor cell death in age-related macular degeneration remain largely unexplored.Bioinformatics and biochemical analyses in this study revealed xC^(–),solute carrier family 7 member 11-regulated ferroptosis as the predominant pathological process of photoreceptor cell degeneration in a light-induced dry age-related macular degeneration mouse model.This process involves the nuclear factor-erythroid factor 2-related factor 2-solute carrier family 7 member 11-glutathione peroxidase 4 signaling pathway,through which cystine depletion,iron ion accumulation,and enhanced lipid peroxidation ultimately lead to photoreceptor cell death and subsequent visual function impairment.We demonstrated that solute carrier family 7 member 11 overexpression blocked this process by inhibiting oxidative stress in vitro and in vivo.Conversely,solute carrier family 7 member 11 knockdown or the solute carrier family 7 member 11 inhibitor sulfasalazine and ferroptosis-inducing agent erastin aggravated H_(2)O_(2)-induced ferroptosis of 661W cells.These findings indicate solute carrier family 7 member 11 may be a potential therapeutic target for patients with retinal degenerative diseases including age-related macular degeneration.展开更多
Drought has the potential to induce extensive defoliation in forest trees.However,the responses of non-structural carbohydrates(NSCs,including soluble sugar and starch)to the combined effects of drought and defoliatio...Drought has the potential to induce extensive defoliation in forest trees.However,the responses of non-structural carbohydrates(NSCs,including soluble sugar and starch)to the combined effects of drought and defoliation remain to be elucidated,particularly in pine trees.In this study,we investigated the interactive effects of drought and defoliation on the contents of NSCs in five organs(new and old needles,twigs,stems,as well as roots)of Chinese pine(Pinus tabuliformis)seedlings.We sampled two batches of the seedlings at 30 and 50 days,respectively.Our results showed that Chinese pine could tolerate mild drought,but severe drought significantly decreased the content of soluble sugars in all organs.Defoliation initially suppressed the photosynthetic rate and significantly reduced the soluble sugar content in all organs.However,after 50 days,this effect was substantially mitigated by the new needle growth.Starch content in twigs,stems,and roots was found to be more vulnerable to defoliation than to drought.A significant interactive effect existed between drought and defoliation on NSCs,with defoliation exacerbating the negative impact of drought on the accumulation of NSCs,especially in new needles and roots.These findings highlight the complex effects of defoliation on NSCs during drought,underscoring critical implications for the management and economic value of Chinese pine forests.展开更多
The brain's functions are governed by molecular metabolic networks.However,due to the sophisticated spatial organization and diverse activities of the brain,characterizing both the minute and large-scale metabolic...The brain's functions are governed by molecular metabolic networks.However,due to the sophisticated spatial organization and diverse activities of the brain,characterizing both the minute and large-scale metabolic activity across the entire brain and its numerous micro-regions remains incredibly challenging.Here,we offer a high-definition spatially resolved metabolomics technique to better understand the metabolic specialization and interconnection throughout the mouse brain using improved ambient mass spectrometry imaging.This method allows for the simultaneous mapping of thousands of metabolites at a 30 μm spatial resolution across the mouse brain,ranging from structural lipids to functional neurotransmitters.This approach effectively reveals the distribution patterns of delicate microregions and their distinctive metabolic characteristics.Using an integrated database,we annotated 259 metabolites,demonstrating that the metabolome and metabolic pathways are unique to each brain microregion.The distribution of metabolites,closely linked to functionally connected brain regions and their interactions,offers profound insights into the complexity of chemical processes and their roles in brain function.An initial dataset for future metabolomics research might be obtained from the high-definition mouse brain's spatial metabolome atlas.展开更多
Several studies have found that transplantation of neural progenitor cells(NPCs)promotes the survival of injured neurons.However,a poor integration rate and high risk of tumorigenicity after cell transplantation limit...Several studies have found that transplantation of neural progenitor cells(NPCs)promotes the survival of injured neurons.However,a poor integration rate and high risk of tumorigenicity after cell transplantation limits their clinical application.Small extracellular vesicles(sEVs)contain bioactive molecules for neuronal protection and regeneration.Previous studies have shown that stem/progenitor cell-derived sEVs can promote neuronal survival and recovery of neurological function in neurodegenerative eye diseases and other eye diseases.In this study,we intravitreally transplanted sEVs derived from human induced pluripotent stem cells(hiPSCs)and hiPSCs-differentiated NPCs(hiPSC-NPC)in a mouse model of optic nerve crush.Our results show that these intravitreally injected sEVs were ingested by retinal cells,especially those localized in the ganglion cell layer.Treatment with hiPSC-NPC-derived sEVs mitigated optic nerve crush-induced retinal ganglion cell degeneration,and regulated the retinal microenvironment by inhibiting excessive activation of microglia.Component analysis further revealed that hiPSC-NPC derived sEVs transported neuroprotective and anti-inflammatory miRNA cargos to target cells,which had protective effects on RGCs after optic nerve injury.These findings suggest that sEVs derived from hiPSC-NPC are a promising cell-free therapeutic strategy for optic neuropathy.展开更多
The Erlian Basin is one of the most important multi-energy basins in China.The Baiyanhua area of the Chuanjing depression in the western Erlian Basin has recently become a favorable area for new progress in sandstone-...The Erlian Basin is one of the most important multi-energy basins in China.The Baiyanhua area of the Chuanjing depression in the western Erlian Basin has recently become a favorable area for new progress in sandstone-type uranium prospecting.However,the Cretaceous source-to-sink evolution of the Chuanjing depression in the Erlian Basin is poorly known.This paper presents the systematic geochemical and zircon U-Pb studies on the Saihantala Formation and Erlian Formation in the Baiyanhua area.The data obtained are functionally important for revealing the provenance and tectonic setting of the source rocks.The results show that the upper part of the Saihantala Formation and the lower part of the Erlian Formation are mainly composed of felsic sedimentary rocks.The source rocks originated from a continental margin arc environment in terms of tectonic setting.The detrital zircons ages have the dominant populations at ca.250-270 Ma,with two subdominant age groups at ca.1400-1800 and 1900-2100 Ma,respectively.Combined with the tectono-sedimentary evolution of the Chuanjing depression,we conclude that:(1)the provenance of the Cretaceous strata was mostly sourced from the Baiyanhua uplift;(2)the water depth became shallow in the Southern Sangendalai sag during the middle period of Saihantala,further preventing the formation of coal beds;(3)the formation of Baiyanhua uplift might provide the beneficial tectonic condition for uranium mineralization in the upper Saihantala Formation in southern Sangendalai sag.This is significant for us to understand the space allocation of coal and uranium in Chuanjing depression and evaluate the uranium metallogenic prospects in southern Sangendalai sag.展开更多
With the rapid advancement of satellite communication technologies,space information networks(SINs)have become essential infrastructure for complex service delivery and cross-domain task coordination,facilitating the ...With the rapid advancement of satellite communication technologies,space information networks(SINs)have become essential infrastructure for complex service delivery and cross-domain task coordination,facilitating the transition toward an intent-driven task-oriented coordination paradigm across the space,ground,and user segments.This study presents a novel intent-driven task-oriented network(IDTN)framework to address task scheduling and resource allocation challenges in SINs.The scheduling problem is formulated as a three-sided matching game that incorporates the preference attributes of entities across all network segments.To manage the variability of random task arrivals and dynamic resources,a context-aware linear upper-confidence-bound online learning mechanism is integrated to reduce decision-making uncertainty.Simulation results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed IDTN framework.Compared with conventional baseline methods,the framework achieves significant performance improvements,including a 4.4%-28.9%increase in average system reward,a 6.2%-34.5%improvement in resource utilization,and a 5.6%-35.7%enhancement in user satisfaction.The proposed framework is expected to facilitate the integration and orchestration of space-based platforms.展开更多
Grassland degradation presents overwhelming challenges to biodiversity,ecosystem services,and the socioeconomic sustainability of dependent communities.However,a comprehensive synthesis of global knowledge on the fron...Grassland degradation presents overwhelming challenges to biodiversity,ecosystem services,and the socioeconomic sustainability of dependent communities.However,a comprehensive synthesis of global knowledge on the frontiers and key areas of grassland degradation research has not been achieved due to the limitations of traditional scientometrics methods.The present synthesis of information employed BERTopic,an advanced natural language processing tool,to analyze the extensive ecological literature on grassland degradation.We compiled a dataset of 4,504 publications from the Web of Science core collection database and used it to evaluate the geographic distribution and temporal evolution of different grassland types and available knowledge on the subject.Our analysis identified key topics in the global grassland degradation research domain,including the effects of grassland degradation on ecosystem functions,grassland ecological restoration and biodiversity conservation,erosion processes and hydrological models in grasslands,and others.The BERTopic analysis significantly outperforms traditional methods in identifying complex and evolving topics in large datasets of literature.Compared to traditional scientometrics analysis,BERTopic provides a more comprehensive perspective on the research areas,revealing not only popular topics but also emerging research areas that traditional methods may overlook,although scientometrics offers more specificity and detail.Therefore,we argue for the simultaneous use of both approaches to achieve more systematic and comprehensive assessments of specific research areas.This study represents an emerging application of BERTopic algorithms in ecological research,particularly in the critical research focused on global grassland degradation.It also highlights the need for integrating advanced computational methods in ecological research in this era of data explosion.Tools like the BERTopic algorithm are essential for enhancing our understanding of complex environmental problems,and it marks an important stride towards more sophisticated,data-driven analysis in ecology.展开更多
BACKGROUND Non-operative spinal infections(NOSI)are caused by tuberculosis,brucella,and other specific bacteria.The etiology of the disease is insidious,the onset is slow and the diagnosis and treatment are difficult....BACKGROUND Non-operative spinal infections(NOSI)are caused by tuberculosis,brucella,and other specific bacteria.The etiology of the disease is insidious,the onset is slow and the diagnosis and treatment are difficult.Identifying the factors associated with spinal infection and early intervention can reduce the occurrence of the disease.At present,the research mainly focuses on the accurate diagnosis and treatment of spinal infection,and there are few studies on the prevention of spinal infection.The concept of"preventive treatment of diseases"in traditional Chinese medicine may help identify the causes and reduce the occurrence of NOSI.AIM To determine the association of age,bowel movements,and sleep patterns with NOSI.METHODS Data of 69 NOSI patients and 84 healthy controls in a tertiary hospital from January 2019 to June 2024 were collected.Patients with NOSI had imaging evidence(magnetic resonance imaging)of spinal infections(including infections caused by tuberculosis,brucopathy,and other pathogens)and had no history of spinal surgery in the last 1 year were included in the analysis.Patients with spinalinfection due to spinal surgery are excluded in the study.Data including age,sex,place of residence,sleeping status,and bowel movements were collected.SPSS22.0 was used for correlation analysis of all data.RESULTS The mean age of the NOSI group and the control group was 63.55±14.635 years and 59.18±17.111 years,respectively,without statistical difference(P=0.096).There was also no statistically significant difference in gender between the two groups.In the NOSI group,45(65.22%)were over 60 years old,and 44(63.77%)were rural residents.Compared with the control group,the NOSI group had more patients with sleep disorder and defecation disorder,accounting for 69.57%and 68.12%,respectively,with significant statistical difference(both P<0.001).Regression analysis showed that defecation and sleep disorders were closely related to NOSI(both P<0.001).CONCLUSION Most patients with NOSI are older and have sleep disorders and abnormal defecation.展开更多
Intracerebral hemorrhage is the most dangerous subtype of stroke,characterized by high mortality and morbidity rates,and frequently leads to significant secondary white matter injury.In recent decades,studies have rev...Intracerebral hemorrhage is the most dangerous subtype of stroke,characterized by high mortality and morbidity rates,and frequently leads to significant secondary white matter injury.In recent decades,studies have revealed that gut microbiota can communicate bidirectionally with the brain through the gut microbiota–brain axis.This axis indicates that gut microbiota is closely related to the development and prognosis of intracerebral hemorrhage and its associated secondary white matter injury.The NACHT,LRR,and pyrin domain-containing protein 3(NLRP3)inflammasome plays a crucial role in this context.This review summarizes the dysbiosis of gut microbiota following intracerebral hemorrhage and explores the mechanisms by which this imbalance may promote the activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome.These mechanisms include metabolic pathways(involving short-chain fatty acids,lipopolysaccharides,lactic acid,bile acids,trimethylamine-N-oxide,and tryptophan),neural pathways(such as the vagus nerve and sympathetic nerve),and immune pathways(involving microglia and T cells).We then discuss the relationship between the activated NLRP3 inflammasome and secondary white matter injury after intracerebral hemorrhage.The activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome can exacerbate secondary white matter injury by disrupting the blood–brain barrier,inducing neuroinflammation,and interfering with nerve regeneration.Finally,we outline potential treatment strategies for intracerebral hemorrhage and its secondary white matter injury.Our review highlights the critical role of the gut microbiota–brain axis and the NLRP3 inflammasome in white matter injury following intracerebral hemorrhage,paving the way for exploring potential therapeutic approaches.展开更多
1.Introduction Artificial intelligence(AI)is rapidly reshaping geoscience,from Earth observation interpretation and hazard forecasting to subsurface characterisation and Earth system modelling(Kochupillai et al.,2022;...1.Introduction Artificial intelligence(AI)is rapidly reshaping geoscience,from Earth observation interpretation and hazard forecasting to subsurface characterisation and Earth system modelling(Kochupillai et al.,2022;Sun et al.,2024).These capabilities emerge at a time when geoscientific evidence is increasingly informing high-stakes decisions about climate adaptation,resource development,and disaster risk reduction(McGovern et al.,2022).展开更多
Benzalkonium chloride(BAC)is widely employed as a broad-spectrum biocide and has emerged as a significant environmental pollutant.Polymyxin B(PB)serves as the last-line defense for the treatment of Gram-negative patho...Benzalkonium chloride(BAC)is widely employed as a broad-spectrum biocide and has emerged as a significant environmental pollutant.Polymyxin B(PB)serves as the last-line defense for the treatment of Gram-negative pathogens.Previous studies reported that BAC-adapted Pseudomonas aeruginosa increased the tolerance to PB.Herein,we present the novel finding that the combination of BAC and PB exhibited synergistic antibacterial effects against P.aeruginosa.Time-killing assay demonstrated a significant reduction in bacterial cell viability.Scanning electron microscopy,zeta potential analysis,hydrophobicity measurements,and fluorescence probe analyses collectively revealed severe disruption of the cell envelope and membrane potential induced by the combination of BAC and PB.Transcriptomic analysis revealed that the BAC-PB combination notably downreg-ulated the expression of genes involved in lipid A modification and cell envelope production,including phoPQ,pmrAB,bamABCDE,lptABCDEG,lolB,yidC,and murJ.Additionally,the combination group exhibited augmented production of reactive oxygen species and diminished ATP synthesis.The expression of the genes associated with substance metabolism and energy generation was significantly impeded.This study provides significant implica-tions for the interactions of biocides and antibiotics on Gram-negative pathogens,while also addressing antibiotic resistance and developing the external treatment strategy for Pseudomonas-infected wounds and burns.展开更多
When stacking two-dimensional(2D)materials with a lattice mismatch and/or a small twist,moirésuperlattice emerges with fascinating electronic and optical properties.The fabrication of such stacked 2D materials us...When stacking two-dimensional(2D)materials with a lattice mismatch and/or a small twist,moirésuperlattice emerges with fascinating electronic and optical properties.The fabrication of such stacked 2D materials usually requires multiple transfer and stack processes,assisted by a certain transfer medium which needs to be removed afterwards,and it is very challenging to maintain pristine and clean surfaces/interfaces for these stacked structures.In this work,we report a facile direct bonding method for fabrication of twisted MoS_(2) bilayers with ultra-clean surfaces/interfaces.Novel interlayer interactions are revealed in the as-fabricated high-quality samples,leading to twist-angle related dispersion behavior of various Raman modes,such as layer breathing modes,shear modes and E_(2g)modes,as well as indirect bandgap excitons.Field-effect transistors(FETs)of twisted MoS_(2) bilayers also exhibit angle-dependent performance,which could be attributed to the band structure evolution.This facile method holds significance for the future integration of pre-designed multilayer 2D materials and paves a way to explore underlying physical mechanisms and potential applications.展开更多
Xyloglucan represents the primary hemicellulose component in higher plant cell walls,providing mechanical support.The XTH gene family encodes xyloglucan endotransferase/hydrolase,a crucial enzyme in cell wall remodeli...Xyloglucan represents the primary hemicellulose component in higher plant cell walls,providing mechanical support.The XTH gene family encodes xyloglucan endotransferase/hydrolase,a crucial enzyme in cell wall remodeling.Studies examining XTH family-related genes in apples remain limited.This study investigated the Md XTH30 gene,isolated from apple(Malus×domestica),which demonstrated responsiveness to abscisic acid,Na Cl,and polyethylene glycol(PEG)6000,with cytoplasmic localization confirmed through subcellular mapping.To elucidate the role of Md XTH30 in stress response,transgenic Md XTH30 apple calli were generated and the gene was heterologously expressed in Arabidopsis via Agrobacterium-mediated transformation.The findings revealed that Md XTH30 enhanced resistance to drought,salt stress,and pathogens through regulation of relevant genes in both apple calli and Arabidopsis.These results identify potentially significant candidate genes for improving biotic and abiotic stress resistance at the cell wall level.展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China,Nos.82171076(to XS)and U22A20311(to XS),82101168(to TL)Shanghai Science and technology Innovation Action Plan,No.23Y11901300(to JS)+1 种基金Science and Technology Commission of Shanghai Municipality,No.21ZR1451500(to TL)Shanghai Pujiang Program,No.22PJ1412200(to BY)。
文摘Progressive photoreceptor cell death is one of the main pathological features of age-related macular degeneration and eventually leads to vision loss.Ferroptosis has been demonstrated to be associated with retinal degenerative diseases.However,the molecular mechanisms underlying ferroptosis and photoreceptor cell death in age-related macular degeneration remain largely unexplored.Bioinformatics and biochemical analyses in this study revealed xC^(–),solute carrier family 7 member 11-regulated ferroptosis as the predominant pathological process of photoreceptor cell degeneration in a light-induced dry age-related macular degeneration mouse model.This process involves the nuclear factor-erythroid factor 2-related factor 2-solute carrier family 7 member 11-glutathione peroxidase 4 signaling pathway,through which cystine depletion,iron ion accumulation,and enhanced lipid peroxidation ultimately lead to photoreceptor cell death and subsequent visual function impairment.We demonstrated that solute carrier family 7 member 11 overexpression blocked this process by inhibiting oxidative stress in vitro and in vivo.Conversely,solute carrier family 7 member 11 knockdown or the solute carrier family 7 member 11 inhibitor sulfasalazine and ferroptosis-inducing agent erastin aggravated H_(2)O_(2)-induced ferroptosis of 661W cells.These findings indicate solute carrier family 7 member 11 may be a potential therapeutic target for patients with retinal degenerative diseases including age-related macular degeneration.
基金funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(42201064,32301381)the Joint Fund for Regional Innovation and Development of the National Science Foundation(U22A20570)+1 种基金the Science and Technology Innovation Program of Hunan Province of China(2022RC4027)Natural Science Foundation of Hunan Province of China(2023JJ40440).
文摘Drought has the potential to induce extensive defoliation in forest trees.However,the responses of non-structural carbohydrates(NSCs,including soluble sugar and starch)to the combined effects of drought and defoliation remain to be elucidated,particularly in pine trees.In this study,we investigated the interactive effects of drought and defoliation on the contents of NSCs in five organs(new and old needles,twigs,stems,as well as roots)of Chinese pine(Pinus tabuliformis)seedlings.We sampled two batches of the seedlings at 30 and 50 days,respectively.Our results showed that Chinese pine could tolerate mild drought,but severe drought significantly decreased the content of soluble sugars in all organs.Defoliation initially suppressed the photosynthetic rate and significantly reduced the soluble sugar content in all organs.However,after 50 days,this effect was substantially mitigated by the new needle growth.Starch content in twigs,stems,and roots was found to be more vulnerable to defoliation than to drought.A significant interactive effect existed between drought and defoliation on NSCs,with defoliation exacerbating the negative impact of drought on the accumulation of NSCs,especially in new needles and roots.These findings highlight the complex effects of defoliation on NSCs during drought,underscoring critical implications for the management and economic value of Chinese pine forests.
基金financial support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos.82473887 and 21927808)the Scientific and Technological Innovation Program of Shanghai (No.23DZ2202500)the CAMS Innovation Fund for Medical Sciences (No.2021-1-I2M-026)。
文摘The brain's functions are governed by molecular metabolic networks.However,due to the sophisticated spatial organization and diverse activities of the brain,characterizing both the minute and large-scale metabolic activity across the entire brain and its numerous micro-regions remains incredibly challenging.Here,we offer a high-definition spatially resolved metabolomics technique to better understand the metabolic specialization and interconnection throughout the mouse brain using improved ambient mass spectrometry imaging.This method allows for the simultaneous mapping of thousands of metabolites at a 30 μm spatial resolution across the mouse brain,ranging from structural lipids to functional neurotransmitters.This approach effectively reveals the distribution patterns of delicate microregions and their distinctive metabolic characteristics.Using an integrated database,we annotated 259 metabolites,demonstrating that the metabolome and metabolic pathways are unique to each brain microregion.The distribution of metabolites,closely linked to functionally connected brain regions and their interactions,offers profound insights into the complexity of chemical processes and their roles in brain function.An initial dataset for future metabolomics research might be obtained from the high-definition mouse brain's spatial metabolome atlas.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.82271114the Natural Science Foundation of Zhejiang Province of China,No.LZ22H120001(both to ZLC).
文摘Several studies have found that transplantation of neural progenitor cells(NPCs)promotes the survival of injured neurons.However,a poor integration rate and high risk of tumorigenicity after cell transplantation limits their clinical application.Small extracellular vesicles(sEVs)contain bioactive molecules for neuronal protection and regeneration.Previous studies have shown that stem/progenitor cell-derived sEVs can promote neuronal survival and recovery of neurological function in neurodegenerative eye diseases and other eye diseases.In this study,we intravitreally transplanted sEVs derived from human induced pluripotent stem cells(hiPSCs)and hiPSCs-differentiated NPCs(hiPSC-NPC)in a mouse model of optic nerve crush.Our results show that these intravitreally injected sEVs were ingested by retinal cells,especially those localized in the ganglion cell layer.Treatment with hiPSC-NPC-derived sEVs mitigated optic nerve crush-induced retinal ganglion cell degeneration,and regulated the retinal microenvironment by inhibiting excessive activation of microglia.Component analysis further revealed that hiPSC-NPC derived sEVs transported neuroprotective and anti-inflammatory miRNA cargos to target cells,which had protective effects on RGCs after optic nerve injury.These findings suggest that sEVs derived from hiPSC-NPC are a promising cell-free therapeutic strategy for optic neuropathy.
基金funded by the project initiated by the China Geological Survey“Investigation of sandstone-type uranium deposits in the Ordos and Qaidam Basins”(No.DD20190119)the National Key Research and Development Project(No.2018YFC0604200)from the Ministry of Science and Technology of the International Geoscience Programme(No.IGCP675),which is a joint endeavor of UNESCO and IUGS。
文摘The Erlian Basin is one of the most important multi-energy basins in China.The Baiyanhua area of the Chuanjing depression in the western Erlian Basin has recently become a favorable area for new progress in sandstone-type uranium prospecting.However,the Cretaceous source-to-sink evolution of the Chuanjing depression in the Erlian Basin is poorly known.This paper presents the systematic geochemical and zircon U-Pb studies on the Saihantala Formation and Erlian Formation in the Baiyanhua area.The data obtained are functionally important for revealing the provenance and tectonic setting of the source rocks.The results show that the upper part of the Saihantala Formation and the lower part of the Erlian Formation are mainly composed of felsic sedimentary rocks.The source rocks originated from a continental margin arc environment in terms of tectonic setting.The detrital zircons ages have the dominant populations at ca.250-270 Ma,with two subdominant age groups at ca.1400-1800 and 1900-2100 Ma,respectively.Combined with the tectono-sedimentary evolution of the Chuanjing depression,we conclude that:(1)the provenance of the Cretaceous strata was mostly sourced from the Baiyanhua uplift;(2)the water depth became shallow in the Southern Sangendalai sag during the middle period of Saihantala,further preventing the formation of coal beds;(3)the formation of Baiyanhua uplift might provide the beneficial tectonic condition for uranium mineralization in the upper Saihantala Formation in southern Sangendalai sag.This is significant for us to understand the space allocation of coal and uranium in Chuanjing depression and evaluate the uranium metallogenic prospects in southern Sangendalai sag.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2020YFB1807700)Innovation Capability Support Program of Shaanxi(2024RS-CXTD-01).
文摘With the rapid advancement of satellite communication technologies,space information networks(SINs)have become essential infrastructure for complex service delivery and cross-domain task coordination,facilitating the transition toward an intent-driven task-oriented coordination paradigm across the space,ground,and user segments.This study presents a novel intent-driven task-oriented network(IDTN)framework to address task scheduling and resource allocation challenges in SINs.The scheduling problem is formulated as a three-sided matching game that incorporates the preference attributes of entities across all network segments.To manage the variability of random task arrivals and dynamic resources,a context-aware linear upper-confidence-bound online learning mechanism is integrated to reduce decision-making uncertainty.Simulation results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed IDTN framework.Compared with conventional baseline methods,the framework achieves significant performance improvements,including a 4.4%-28.9%increase in average system reward,a 6.2%-34.5%improvement in resource utilization,and a 5.6%-35.7%enhancement in user satisfaction.The proposed framework is expected to facilitate the integration and orchestration of space-based platforms.
基金financially supported by the First-Class Curriculum Program at the School of Economics and Management,University of the Chinese Academy of Sciencesthe National Natural Science Foundation of China(42041005)the National Social Science Foundation of China(23BTQ054)。
文摘Grassland degradation presents overwhelming challenges to biodiversity,ecosystem services,and the socioeconomic sustainability of dependent communities.However,a comprehensive synthesis of global knowledge on the frontiers and key areas of grassland degradation research has not been achieved due to the limitations of traditional scientometrics methods.The present synthesis of information employed BERTopic,an advanced natural language processing tool,to analyze the extensive ecological literature on grassland degradation.We compiled a dataset of 4,504 publications from the Web of Science core collection database and used it to evaluate the geographic distribution and temporal evolution of different grassland types and available knowledge on the subject.Our analysis identified key topics in the global grassland degradation research domain,including the effects of grassland degradation on ecosystem functions,grassland ecological restoration and biodiversity conservation,erosion processes and hydrological models in grasslands,and others.The BERTopic analysis significantly outperforms traditional methods in identifying complex and evolving topics in large datasets of literature.Compared to traditional scientometrics analysis,BERTopic provides a more comprehensive perspective on the research areas,revealing not only popular topics but also emerging research areas that traditional methods may overlook,although scientometrics offers more specificity and detail.Therefore,we argue for the simultaneous use of both approaches to achieve more systematic and comprehensive assessments of specific research areas.This study represents an emerging application of BERTopic algorithms in ecological research,particularly in the critical research focused on global grassland degradation.It also highlights the need for integrating advanced computational methods in ecological research in this era of data explosion.Tools like the BERTopic algorithm are essential for enhancing our understanding of complex environmental problems,and it marks an important stride towards more sophisticated,data-driven analysis in ecology.
文摘BACKGROUND Non-operative spinal infections(NOSI)are caused by tuberculosis,brucella,and other specific bacteria.The etiology of the disease is insidious,the onset is slow and the diagnosis and treatment are difficult.Identifying the factors associated with spinal infection and early intervention can reduce the occurrence of the disease.At present,the research mainly focuses on the accurate diagnosis and treatment of spinal infection,and there are few studies on the prevention of spinal infection.The concept of"preventive treatment of diseases"in traditional Chinese medicine may help identify the causes and reduce the occurrence of NOSI.AIM To determine the association of age,bowel movements,and sleep patterns with NOSI.METHODS Data of 69 NOSI patients and 84 healthy controls in a tertiary hospital from January 2019 to June 2024 were collected.Patients with NOSI had imaging evidence(magnetic resonance imaging)of spinal infections(including infections caused by tuberculosis,brucopathy,and other pathogens)and had no history of spinal surgery in the last 1 year were included in the analysis.Patients with spinalinfection due to spinal surgery are excluded in the study.Data including age,sex,place of residence,sleeping status,and bowel movements were collected.SPSS22.0 was used for correlation analysis of all data.RESULTS The mean age of the NOSI group and the control group was 63.55±14.635 years and 59.18±17.111 years,respectively,without statistical difference(P=0.096).There was also no statistically significant difference in gender between the two groups.In the NOSI group,45(65.22%)were over 60 years old,and 44(63.77%)were rural residents.Compared with the control group,the NOSI group had more patients with sleep disorder and defecation disorder,accounting for 69.57%and 68.12%,respectively,with significant statistical difference(both P<0.001).Regression analysis showed that defecation and sleep disorders were closely related to NOSI(both P<0.001).CONCLUSION Most patients with NOSI are older and have sleep disorders and abnormal defecation.
基金supported by the Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation,No.2023A1515030045(to HS)Presidential Foundation of Zhujiang Hospital of Southern Medical University,No.yzjj2022ms4(to HS)。
文摘Intracerebral hemorrhage is the most dangerous subtype of stroke,characterized by high mortality and morbidity rates,and frequently leads to significant secondary white matter injury.In recent decades,studies have revealed that gut microbiota can communicate bidirectionally with the brain through the gut microbiota–brain axis.This axis indicates that gut microbiota is closely related to the development and prognosis of intracerebral hemorrhage and its associated secondary white matter injury.The NACHT,LRR,and pyrin domain-containing protein 3(NLRP3)inflammasome plays a crucial role in this context.This review summarizes the dysbiosis of gut microbiota following intracerebral hemorrhage and explores the mechanisms by which this imbalance may promote the activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome.These mechanisms include metabolic pathways(involving short-chain fatty acids,lipopolysaccharides,lactic acid,bile acids,trimethylamine-N-oxide,and tryptophan),neural pathways(such as the vagus nerve and sympathetic nerve),and immune pathways(involving microglia and T cells).We then discuss the relationship between the activated NLRP3 inflammasome and secondary white matter injury after intracerebral hemorrhage.The activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome can exacerbate secondary white matter injury by disrupting the blood–brain barrier,inducing neuroinflammation,and interfering with nerve regeneration.Finally,we outline potential treatment strategies for intracerebral hemorrhage and its secondary white matter injury.Our review highlights the critical role of the gut microbiota–brain axis and the NLRP3 inflammasome in white matter injury following intracerebral hemorrhage,paving the way for exploring potential therapeutic approaches.
基金supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province,China(Grant No.BK20240937)the Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province(Grant No.ZR2021QE187)+2 种基金the Shandong Higher Education“Young Entrepreneurship Talents Introduction and Cultivation Program”Project(Grant No.ZXQT20221228001)the Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.42502273)the Science and Technology Innovation Program of Hunan Province(Grant No.2022RC4028).
文摘1.Introduction Artificial intelligence(AI)is rapidly reshaping geoscience,from Earth observation interpretation and hazard forecasting to subsurface characterisation and Earth system modelling(Kochupillai et al.,2022;Sun et al.,2024).These capabilities emerge at a time when geoscientific evidence is increasingly informing high-stakes decisions about climate adaptation,resource development,and disaster risk reduction(McGovern et al.,2022).
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.32170121).
文摘Benzalkonium chloride(BAC)is widely employed as a broad-spectrum biocide and has emerged as a significant environmental pollutant.Polymyxin B(PB)serves as the last-line defense for the treatment of Gram-negative pathogens.Previous studies reported that BAC-adapted Pseudomonas aeruginosa increased the tolerance to PB.Herein,we present the novel finding that the combination of BAC and PB exhibited synergistic antibacterial effects against P.aeruginosa.Time-killing assay demonstrated a significant reduction in bacterial cell viability.Scanning electron microscopy,zeta potential analysis,hydrophobicity measurements,and fluorescence probe analyses collectively revealed severe disruption of the cell envelope and membrane potential induced by the combination of BAC and PB.Transcriptomic analysis revealed that the BAC-PB combination notably downreg-ulated the expression of genes involved in lipid A modification and cell envelope production,including phoPQ,pmrAB,bamABCDE,lptABCDEG,lolB,yidC,and murJ.Additionally,the combination group exhibited augmented production of reactive oxygen species and diminished ATP synthesis.The expression of the genes associated with substance metabolism and energy generation was significantly impeded.This study provides significant implica-tions for the interactions of biocides and antibiotics on Gram-negative pathogens,while also addressing antibiotic resistance and developing the external treatment strategy for Pseudomonas-infected wounds and burns.
基金supported by Guangdong Major Project of Basic and Applied Basic Research(Grant No.2021B0301030002)the National Key Research and Development Program(Grant No.2021YFA1202900)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.62204166 and 62404145)。
文摘When stacking two-dimensional(2D)materials with a lattice mismatch and/or a small twist,moirésuperlattice emerges with fascinating electronic and optical properties.The fabrication of such stacked 2D materials usually requires multiple transfer and stack processes,assisted by a certain transfer medium which needs to be removed afterwards,and it is very challenging to maintain pristine and clean surfaces/interfaces for these stacked structures.In this work,we report a facile direct bonding method for fabrication of twisted MoS_(2) bilayers with ultra-clean surfaces/interfaces.Novel interlayer interactions are revealed in the as-fabricated high-quality samples,leading to twist-angle related dispersion behavior of various Raman modes,such as layer breathing modes,shear modes and E_(2g)modes,as well as indirect bandgap excitons.Field-effect transistors(FETs)of twisted MoS_(2) bilayers also exhibit angle-dependent performance,which could be attributed to the band structure evolution.This facile method holds significance for the future integration of pre-designed multilayer 2D materials and paves a way to explore underlying physical mechanisms and potential applications.
基金supported by the National Key R&D Plan Project(2023YFD2301000)the National Key Research and Development Program of Shandong Province,China(2024CXGC0109032023CXPT013)+2 种基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(32472705,32302513)the Young Talent of Lifting Engineering for Science and Technology in Shandong,China(SDAST2024QTA083)the Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province,China(ZR2022JQ14,ZR2022QC112)。
文摘Xyloglucan represents the primary hemicellulose component in higher plant cell walls,providing mechanical support.The XTH gene family encodes xyloglucan endotransferase/hydrolase,a crucial enzyme in cell wall remodeling.Studies examining XTH family-related genes in apples remain limited.This study investigated the Md XTH30 gene,isolated from apple(Malus×domestica),which demonstrated responsiveness to abscisic acid,Na Cl,and polyethylene glycol(PEG)6000,with cytoplasmic localization confirmed through subcellular mapping.To elucidate the role of Md XTH30 in stress response,transgenic Md XTH30 apple calli were generated and the gene was heterologously expressed in Arabidopsis via Agrobacterium-mediated transformation.The findings revealed that Md XTH30 enhanced resistance to drought,salt stress,and pathogens through regulation of relevant genes in both apple calli and Arabidopsis.These results identify potentially significant candidate genes for improving biotic and abiotic stress resistance at the cell wall level.
