在“双碳”背景下,电制氨技术(renewable power to ammonia,RePtA)因能规模化消纳可再生能源与绿氢而受到广泛关注。然而,RePtA系统中可再生能源制氢量具有明显波动性,这对哈伯-博世合成氨工艺的稳定运行带来挑战。对此,提出了一种合成...在“双碳”背景下,电制氨技术(renewable power to ammonia,RePtA)因能规模化消纳可再生能源与绿氢而受到广泛关注。然而,RePtA系统中可再生能源制氢量具有明显波动性,这对哈伯-博世合成氨工艺的稳定运行带来挑战。对此,提出了一种合成氨离散多稳态柔性运行策略,并使用PSO-MILP算法建立了一个协同化工运行调度的容量配置两阶段优化模型,基于内蒙古某在建示范项目,对比分析了3种不同柔性方案的技术经济性能。研究表明:离散多稳态柔性策略相比传统稳态策略,经济性大幅度提高,年收益可增加6715万元;相比完全柔性策略,合成氨工艺的运行稳定性显著增强,生产负荷波动率降低了78.16%。该优化模型可以兼顾RePtA系统的投资经济性与运行安全性,其成果有望为实际生产运行提供一定指导。展开更多
This paper presents a study on the tensile properties of reinforced thermoplastic pipes(RTPs). A mechanical model of RTPs with an arbitrary number of reinforced layers under tensile action is constructed by combining ...This paper presents a study on the tensile properties of reinforced thermoplastic pipes(RTPs). A mechanical model of RTPs with an arbitrary number of reinforced layers under tensile action is constructed by combining the constitutive relationship of elastoplastic materials with the continuous displacement condition. On this basis, the effects of various parameters such as the winding angle, the number of structurally reinforced layers, and the inner polyethylene(PE) liner thickness on the tensile properties of the RTPs were analyzed, and a tensile test was carried out for validation. The results showed that the winding angle of the structurally reinforced layers was the main factor affecting an RTP's tensile performance— decreases in the winding angle significantly improved its tensile ability,especially the longitudinal strength. With ±45° as the demarcation point, the winding angle smaller than ±45° will result in higher strength in longitudinal direction, and the lifting effect on RTP's mechanical properties of the increasing number of reinforcement layers was better than that of the increasing thickness of the lining layer;when the winding angle was larger than ±45°, the opposite results were obtained. The fibre load was more sensitive to the winding angle than the PE load.展开更多
文摘在“双碳”背景下,电制氨技术(renewable power to ammonia,RePtA)因能规模化消纳可再生能源与绿氢而受到广泛关注。然而,RePtA系统中可再生能源制氢量具有明显波动性,这对哈伯-博世合成氨工艺的稳定运行带来挑战。对此,提出了一种合成氨离散多稳态柔性运行策略,并使用PSO-MILP算法建立了一个协同化工运行调度的容量配置两阶段优化模型,基于内蒙古某在建示范项目,对比分析了3种不同柔性方案的技术经济性能。研究表明:离散多稳态柔性策略相比传统稳态策略,经济性大幅度提高,年收益可增加6715万元;相比完全柔性策略,合成氨工艺的运行稳定性显著增强,生产负荷波动率降低了78.16%。该优化模型可以兼顾RePtA系统的投资经济性与运行安全性,其成果有望为实际生产运行提供一定指导。
基金financially supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China (Grant No. 2016YFC0303800)the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 51579245)。
文摘This paper presents a study on the tensile properties of reinforced thermoplastic pipes(RTPs). A mechanical model of RTPs with an arbitrary number of reinforced layers under tensile action is constructed by combining the constitutive relationship of elastoplastic materials with the continuous displacement condition. On this basis, the effects of various parameters such as the winding angle, the number of structurally reinforced layers, and the inner polyethylene(PE) liner thickness on the tensile properties of the RTPs were analyzed, and a tensile test was carried out for validation. The results showed that the winding angle of the structurally reinforced layers was the main factor affecting an RTP's tensile performance— decreases in the winding angle significantly improved its tensile ability,especially the longitudinal strength. With ±45° as the demarcation point, the winding angle smaller than ±45° will result in higher strength in longitudinal direction, and the lifting effect on RTP's mechanical properties of the increasing number of reinforcement layers was better than that of the increasing thickness of the lining layer;when the winding angle was larger than ±45°, the opposite results were obtained. The fibre load was more sensitive to the winding angle than the PE load.
