Osmotic conditions play an important role in the cell properties of human red blood cells(RBCs),which are crucial for the pathological analysis of some blood diseases such as malaria.Over the past decades,numerous eff...Osmotic conditions play an important role in the cell properties of human red blood cells(RBCs),which are crucial for the pathological analysis of some blood diseases such as malaria.Over the past decades,numerous efforts have mainly focused on the study of the RBC biomechanical properties that arise from the unique deformability of erythrocytes.Here,we demonstrate nonlinear optical effects from human RBCs suspended in different osmotic solutions.Specifically,we observe self-trapping and scattering-resistant nonlinear propagation of a laser beam through RBC suspensions under all three osmotic conditions,where the strength of the optical nonlinearity increases with osmotic pressure on the cells.This tunable nonlinearity is attributed to optical forces,particularly the forward-scattering and gradient forces.Interestingly,in aged blood samples(with lysed cells),a notably different nonlinear behavior is observed due to the presence of free hemoglobin.We use a theoretical model with an optical force-mediated nonlocal nonlinearity to explain the experimental observations.Our work on light self-guiding through scattering biosoft-matter may introduce new photonic tools for noninvasive biomedical imaging and medical diagnosis.展开更多
This review describes recent theoretical and experimental advances in the area of multimode solitons,focusing primarily on multimode fibers.We begin by introducing the basic concepts such as the spatial modes supporte...This review describes recent theoretical and experimental advances in the area of multimode solitons,focusing primarily on multimode fibers.We begin by introducing the basic concepts such as the spatial modes supported by a multimode fiber and the coupled mode equations for describing the different group delays and nonlinear properties of these modes.We review several analytic approaches used to understand the formation of multimode solitons,including those based on the 3D+1 spatiotemporal nonlinear Schr?dinger equation(NLSE)and its approximate 1D+1 representation that has been found to be highly efficient for studying the self-imaging phenomena in graded-index multimode fibers.An innovative Gaussian quadrature approach is used for faster numerical simulations of the 3D+1 NLSE.The impact of linear mode coupling is discussed in a separate section using a generalized Jones formalism because of its relevance to space-division multiplexed optical communication systems.The last section is devoted to the relevant experimental studies involving multimode solitons.展开更多
基金the National Key R&D Program of China(2017YFA0303800)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(91750204,11504184,11604058)+3 种基金the NSERC through the Steacie,Strategic,Discovery and Acceleration Grants Schemesthe Canada Research Chair Program(Canada)additional support by the Government of the Russian Federation through the ITMO Fellowship and Professorship Program(grant 074-U 01)the 1000 Talents Sichuan Program in China.
文摘Osmotic conditions play an important role in the cell properties of human red blood cells(RBCs),which are crucial for the pathological analysis of some blood diseases such as malaria.Over the past decades,numerous efforts have mainly focused on the study of the RBC biomechanical properties that arise from the unique deformability of erythrocytes.Here,we demonstrate nonlinear optical effects from human RBCs suspended in different osmotic solutions.Specifically,we observe self-trapping and scattering-resistant nonlinear propagation of a laser beam through RBC suspensions under all three osmotic conditions,where the strength of the optical nonlinearity increases with osmotic pressure on the cells.This tunable nonlinearity is attributed to optical forces,particularly the forward-scattering and gradient forces.Interestingly,in aged blood samples(with lysed cells),a notably different nonlinear behavior is observed due to the presence of free hemoglobin.We use a theoretical model with an optical force-mediated nonlocal nonlinearity to explain the experimental observations.Our work on light self-guiding through scattering biosoft-matter may introduce new photonic tools for noninvasive biomedical imaging and medical diagnosis.
基金H2020 European Research Council(740355)H2020 Marie Sk?odowska-Curie Actions(101023717)+3 种基金HORIZON EUROPE Marie Sklodowska-Curie Actions(101064614)Sapienza Universitàdi Roma(EFFILOCKER,NOSTERDIS)Ministero dell'Istruzione e del Merito(ECS00000041 VITALITY-CUP E13C22001060006,PE00000001-program“RESTART”)Olle Engkvists Stiftelse(214-0328)。
文摘This review describes recent theoretical and experimental advances in the area of multimode solitons,focusing primarily on multimode fibers.We begin by introducing the basic concepts such as the spatial modes supported by a multimode fiber and the coupled mode equations for describing the different group delays and nonlinear properties of these modes.We review several analytic approaches used to understand the formation of multimode solitons,including those based on the 3D+1 spatiotemporal nonlinear Schr?dinger equation(NLSE)and its approximate 1D+1 representation that has been found to be highly efficient for studying the self-imaging phenomena in graded-index multimode fibers.An innovative Gaussian quadrature approach is used for faster numerical simulations of the 3D+1 NLSE.The impact of linear mode coupling is discussed in a separate section using a generalized Jones formalism because of its relevance to space-division multiplexed optical communication systems.The last section is devoted to the relevant experimental studies involving multimode solitons.
