Optical frequency combs(OFCs)and supercontinuum generation(SCG)facilitate a plethora of important applications in metrology,spectroscopy,optical clocks,etc.Recent advances in integrated photonics offer an attractive a...Optical frequency combs(OFCs)and supercontinuum generation(SCG)facilitate a plethora of important applications in metrology,spectroscopy,optical clocks,etc.Recent advances in integrated photonics offer an attractive avenue to implement compact or chip-integrated comb sources.However,the prevalent method based on nano-waveguides usually exhibits low output power and large coupling losses during the SCG process.展开更多
Given that only a subset of patients with colorectal cancer(CRC)benefit from immune checkpoint therapy,efforts are ongoing to identify markers that predict immunotherapeutic response.Increasing evidence suggests that ...Given that only a subset of patients with colorectal cancer(CRC)benefit from immune checkpoint therapy,efforts are ongoing to identify markers that predict immunotherapeutic response.Increasing evidence suggests that microbes influence the efficacy of cancer therapies.Fusobacterium nucleatum induces different immune responses in CRC with different microsatellite-instability(MSI)statuses.Here,we investigated the effect of F.nucleatum on anti-PD-L1 therapy in CRC.We found that high F.nucleatum levels correlate with improved therapeutic responses to PD-1 blockade in patients with CRC.Additionally,F.nucleatum enhanced the antitumor effects of PD-L1 blockade on CRC in mice and prolonged survival.Combining F.nucleatum supplementation with immunotherapy rescued the therapeutic effects of PD-L1 blockade.Furthermore,F.nucleatum induced PD-L1 expression by activating STING signaling and increased the accumulation of interferon-gamma(IFN-γ)^(+)CD8^(+)tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes(TILs)during treatment with PD-L1 blockade,thereby augmenting tumor sensitivity to PD-L1 blockade.Finally,patient-derived organoid models demonstrated that increased F.nucleatum levels correlated with an improved therapeutic response to PD-L1 blockade.These findings suggest that F.nucleatum may modulate immune checkpoint therapy for CRC.展开更多
The impaired differentiation ability of resident cells and disordered immune microenvironment in periodontitis pose a huge challenge for bone regeneration.Herein,we construct a piezoelectric hydrogel to rescue the imp...The impaired differentiation ability of resident cells and disordered immune microenvironment in periodontitis pose a huge challenge for bone regeneration.Herein,we construct a piezoelectric hydrogel to rescue the impaired osteogenic capability and rebuild the regenerative immune microenvironment through bioenergetic activation.Under local mechanical stress,the piezoelectric hydrogel generated piezopotential that initiates osteogenic differentiation of inflammatory periodontal ligament stem cells(PDLSCs)via modulating energy metabolism and promoting adenosine triphosphate(ATP)synthesis.Moreover,it also reshapes an anti-inflammatory and pro-regenerative niche through switching M1 macrophages to the M2 phenotype.The synergy of tilapia gelatin and piezoelectric stimulation enhances in situ regeneration in periodontal inflammatory defects of rats.These findings pave a new pathway for treating periodontitis and other immune-related bone defects through piezoelectric stimulation-enabled energy metabolism modulation and immunomodulation.展开更多
AUXIN RESPONSE FACTOR 7(ARF7)-mediated auxin signaling plays a key role in lateral root(LR)development by regulating downstream LATERAL ORGAN BOUNDARIES DOMAIN(LBD)transcription factor genes,including LBD16,LBD18,and ...AUXIN RESPONSE FACTOR 7(ARF7)-mediated auxin signaling plays a key role in lateral root(LR)development by regulating downstream LATERAL ORGAN BOUNDARIES DOMAIN(LBD)transcription factor genes,including LBD16,LBD18,and LBD29.LBD proteins are believed to regulate the transcription of downstream genes as homodimers or heterodimers.However,whether LBD29 forms dimers with other proteins to regulate LR development remains unknown.Here,we determined that the Arabidopsis thaliana(L.)Heynh.MYB transcription factors MYB2 and MYB108 interact with LBD29 and regulate auxin-induced LR development.Both MYB2 and MYB108 were induced by auxin in an ARF7-dependent manner.Disruption of MYB2 by fusion with an SRDX domain severely affected auxin-induced LR formation and the ability of LBD29 to induce LR development.By contrast,overexpression of MYB2 or MYB108 resulted in greater LR numbers,except in the lbd29 mutant background.These findings underscore the interdependence and importance of MYB2,MYB108,and LBD29 in regulating LR development.In addition,MYB2–LBD29 and MYB108–LBD29 complexes promoted the expression of CUTICLE DESTRUCTING FACTOR 1(CDEF1),a member of the GDSL(Gly-Asp-Ser-Leu)lipase/esterase family involved in LR development.In summary,this study identified MYB2–LBD29 and MYB108–LBD29 regulatory modules that act downstream of ARF7 and intricately control auxin-mediated LR development.展开更多
Correction to:Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy https://doi.org/10.1038/S41392-021-00795-x,published online 19 November 2021 In this article^(1) Qing Wei should have been denoted as a corresponding author along...Correction to:Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy https://doi.org/10.1038/S41392-021-00795-x,published online 19 November 2021 In this article^(1) Qing Wei should have been denoted as a corresponding author along with Huanlong Qin,but was inadvertently removed during the production process.The original article has been corrected.展开更多
Optical frequency conversion based on the second-order nonlinearity(χ^((2))) only occurs in anisotropic media(or at interfaces) and thus is intrinsically polarization-dependent. But for practical applications, polari...Optical frequency conversion based on the second-order nonlinearity(χ^((2))) only occurs in anisotropic media(or at interfaces) and thus is intrinsically polarization-dependent. But for practical applications, polarization-insensitive or independent operation is highly sought after. Here, by leveraging polarization coupling and second-order nonlinearity, we experimentally demonstrate a paradigm of TE/TM polarization-independent frequency upconversion, i.e., sum frequency generation, in the periodically poled lithium niobate-on-insulator ridge waveguide. The cascading of quasi-phase-matched polarization coupling and nonlinear frequency conversion is exploited. With a proper transverse electric field, TE and TM mode fundamental waves can be frequency-upconverted with an equal efficiency in the frequency converter. The proposed method may find ready application in all-optical wavelength conversion and upconversion detection technologies.展开更多
Whispering-gallery-mode(WGM)microresonators can greatly enhance light-matter interaction,making them indispensable units for frequency conversion in nonlinear optics.Efficient nonlinear wave mixing in microresonators ...Whispering-gallery-mode(WGM)microresonators can greatly enhance light-matter interaction,making them indispensable units for frequency conversion in nonlinear optics.Efficient nonlinear wave mixing in microresonators requires stringent simultaneous optical resonance and phase-matching conditions.Thus,it is challenging to achieve efficient frequency conversion over a broad bandwidth.Here,we demonstrate broadband second-harmonic generation(SHG)in the x-cut thinfilm lithium niobate(TFLN)microdisk with a quality factor above 107by applying the cyclic quasi-phase-matching(CQPM)mechanism,which is intrinsically applicable for broadband operation.Broadband SHG of continuous-wave laser with a maximum normalized conversion efficiency of~15%/m W is achieved with a bandwidth spanning over 100 nm in the telecommunication band.Furthermore,broadband SHG of femtosecond lasers,supercontinuum lasers,and amplified spontaneous emission in the telecommunication band is also experimentally observed.The work is beneficial for integrated nonlinear photonics devices like frequency converters and optical frequency comb generator based on second-order nonlinearity on the TFLN platform.展开更多
基金National Key Research and Development Program of China(2022YFA1205100,2023YFA1407200)National Natural Science Foundation of China(12192252,12074252)+3 种基金Science and Technology Commission of Shanghai Municipality(24JD1401700)Shanghai Municipal Science and Technology Major Project(2019SHZDZX01-ZX06)Innovation Program for Quantum Science and Technology(2021ZD0300802)Yangyang Development Fund。
文摘Optical frequency combs(OFCs)and supercontinuum generation(SCG)facilitate a plethora of important applications in metrology,spectroscopy,optical clocks,etc.Recent advances in integrated photonics offer an attractive avenue to implement compact or chip-integrated comb sources.However,the prevalent method based on nano-waveguides usually exhibits low output power and large coupling losses during the SCG process.
基金This work is supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(8177100280,81730102,81972221,and 81702037)Science and Technology Commission of Shanghai(20ZR1442800)Clinical research plan of SHDC(No.SHDC2020CR2069B,No.SHDC2020CR5006-002 and No.SHDC12019114).
文摘Given that only a subset of patients with colorectal cancer(CRC)benefit from immune checkpoint therapy,efforts are ongoing to identify markers that predict immunotherapeutic response.Increasing evidence suggests that microbes influence the efficacy of cancer therapies.Fusobacterium nucleatum induces different immune responses in CRC with different microsatellite-instability(MSI)statuses.Here,we investigated the effect of F.nucleatum on anti-PD-L1 therapy in CRC.We found that high F.nucleatum levels correlate with improved therapeutic responses to PD-1 blockade in patients with CRC.Additionally,F.nucleatum enhanced the antitumor effects of PD-L1 blockade on CRC in mice and prolonged survival.Combining F.nucleatum supplementation with immunotherapy rescued the therapeutic effects of PD-L1 blockade.Furthermore,F.nucleatum induced PD-L1 expression by activating STING signaling and increased the accumulation of interferon-gamma(IFN-γ)^(+)CD8^(+)tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes(TILs)during treatment with PD-L1 blockade,thereby augmenting tumor sensitivity to PD-L1 blockade.Finally,patient-derived organoid models demonstrated that increased F.nucleatum levels correlated with an improved therapeutic response to PD-L1 blockade.These findings suggest that F.nucleatum may modulate immune checkpoint therapy for CRC.
基金grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(82271024,82072065,82202333)National Clinical Key Specialty(Z155080000004)+5 种基金Science and Technology Commission of Shanghai Municipality(22DZ2201300)Shanghai Pujiang Programme(23PJD050)Innovative Research Team of High-level Local Universities in Shanghai(SHSMU-ZLCX20212400)Research Discipline fund(KQXJXK2023)from Ninth People’s Hospital,Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine,and College of Stomatology,Shanghai Jiao Tong University,the Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(No.XDA16021103)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(E2EG6802X2,E2E46801)the National Youth Talent Support Program.
文摘The impaired differentiation ability of resident cells and disordered immune microenvironment in periodontitis pose a huge challenge for bone regeneration.Herein,we construct a piezoelectric hydrogel to rescue the impaired osteogenic capability and rebuild the regenerative immune microenvironment through bioenergetic activation.Under local mechanical stress,the piezoelectric hydrogel generated piezopotential that initiates osteogenic differentiation of inflammatory periodontal ligament stem cells(PDLSCs)via modulating energy metabolism and promoting adenosine triphosphate(ATP)synthesis.Moreover,it also reshapes an anti-inflammatory and pro-regenerative niche through switching M1 macrophages to the M2 phenotype.The synergy of tilapia gelatin and piezoelectric stimulation enhances in situ regeneration in periodontal inflammatory defects of rats.These findings pave a new pathway for treating periodontitis and other immune-related bone defects through piezoelectric stimulation-enabled energy metabolism modulation and immunomodulation.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(32070319 and 32370330)Shandong Natural Science Foundation(ZR2021QC067)。
文摘AUXIN RESPONSE FACTOR 7(ARF7)-mediated auxin signaling plays a key role in lateral root(LR)development by regulating downstream LATERAL ORGAN BOUNDARIES DOMAIN(LBD)transcription factor genes,including LBD16,LBD18,and LBD29.LBD proteins are believed to regulate the transcription of downstream genes as homodimers or heterodimers.However,whether LBD29 forms dimers with other proteins to regulate LR development remains unknown.Here,we determined that the Arabidopsis thaliana(L.)Heynh.MYB transcription factors MYB2 and MYB108 interact with LBD29 and regulate auxin-induced LR development.Both MYB2 and MYB108 were induced by auxin in an ARF7-dependent manner.Disruption of MYB2 by fusion with an SRDX domain severely affected auxin-induced LR formation and the ability of LBD29 to induce LR development.By contrast,overexpression of MYB2 or MYB108 resulted in greater LR numbers,except in the lbd29 mutant background.These findings underscore the interdependence and importance of MYB2,MYB108,and LBD29 in regulating LR development.In addition,MYB2–LBD29 and MYB108–LBD29 complexes promoted the expression of CUTICLE DESTRUCTING FACTOR 1(CDEF1),a member of the GDSL(Gly-Asp-Ser-Leu)lipase/esterase family involved in LR development.In summary,this study identified MYB2–LBD29 and MYB108–LBD29 regulatory modules that act downstream of ARF7 and intricately control auxin-mediated LR development.
文摘Correction to:Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy https://doi.org/10.1038/S41392-021-00795-x,published online 19 November 2021 In this article^(1) Qing Wei should have been denoted as a corresponding author along with Huanlong Qin,but was inadvertently removed during the production process.The original article has been corrected.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.12074252,12192252,62005159,62022058,61705127,and 12104289)the National Key Research and Development Program of China(No.2018YFA0306301)+2 种基金the Shanghai Municipal Science and Technology Major Project(No.2019SHZDZX01-ZX06)the Shanghai Rising-Star Program(No.20QA1405400)the Yangyang Development Fund.
文摘Optical frequency conversion based on the second-order nonlinearity(χ^((2))) only occurs in anisotropic media(or at interfaces) and thus is intrinsically polarization-dependent. But for practical applications, polarization-insensitive or independent operation is highly sought after. Here, by leveraging polarization coupling and second-order nonlinearity, we experimentally demonstrate a paradigm of TE/TM polarization-independent frequency upconversion, i.e., sum frequency generation, in the periodically poled lithium niobate-on-insulator ridge waveguide. The cascading of quasi-phase-matched polarization coupling and nonlinear frequency conversion is exploited. With a proper transverse electric field, TE and TM mode fundamental waves can be frequency-upconverted with an equal efficiency in the frequency converter. The proposed method may find ready application in all-optical wavelength conversion and upconversion detection technologies.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.12074252,12192252,and 62022058)the National Key Research and Development Program of China(No.2022YFA1205101)+1 种基金the Shanghai Municipal Science and Technology Major Project(No.2019SHZDZX01-ZX06)and the Yangyang Development Fund。
文摘Whispering-gallery-mode(WGM)microresonators can greatly enhance light-matter interaction,making them indispensable units for frequency conversion in nonlinear optics.Efficient nonlinear wave mixing in microresonators requires stringent simultaneous optical resonance and phase-matching conditions.Thus,it is challenging to achieve efficient frequency conversion over a broad bandwidth.Here,we demonstrate broadband second-harmonic generation(SHG)in the x-cut thinfilm lithium niobate(TFLN)microdisk with a quality factor above 107by applying the cyclic quasi-phase-matching(CQPM)mechanism,which is intrinsically applicable for broadband operation.Broadband SHG of continuous-wave laser with a maximum normalized conversion efficiency of~15%/m W is achieved with a bandwidth spanning over 100 nm in the telecommunication band.Furthermore,broadband SHG of femtosecond lasers,supercontinuum lasers,and amplified spontaneous emission in the telecommunication band is also experimentally observed.The work is beneficial for integrated nonlinear photonics devices like frequency converters and optical frequency comb generator based on second-order nonlinearity on the TFLN platform.
