BACKGROUND Esophageal cancer(EC)is one of the most prevalent malignant gastrointestinal tumors;accurate prediction of EC staging has high significance before treatment.AIM To explore a rational radiomic approach for p...BACKGROUND Esophageal cancer(EC)is one of the most prevalent malignant gastrointestinal tumors;accurate prediction of EC staging has high significance before treatment.AIM To explore a rational radiomic approach for predicting preoperative staging of EC based on magnetic resonance imaging(MRI).METHODS This retrospective study included 210 patients with pathologically confirmed EC,randomly divided into a primary cohort(n=147)and a validation cohort(n=63)in a ratio of 7:3.All patients underwent a preoperative MRI scan from the neck to the abdomen.High-throughput and quantitative radiomics features were extracted from T2-weighted imaging(T2WI)and gadolinium contrast-enhanced T1-weighted imaging(T1WI)-Gd images.Radiomics signatures were selected using minimal redundancy maximal relevance and the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator.Then a logistic regression model was built to predict the EC stages.The diagnostic performance of the radiomics model for discriminating between stages Ⅰ-Ⅱ and Ⅲ-Ⅳ was evaluated using the area under the curve(AUC),sensitivity(SEN),and specificity(SPE).RESULTS A total of 214 radiomics features were extracted.Following feature dimension reduction,the T1WI and T2WI sequences were retained,and 14 features from the T1WI sequence and 3 features from the T2WI sequence were selected to construct radiomics signatures.The radiomics signature combining T2WI with T1WI-Gd demonstrated superior discrimination of stages in the validation cohort(AUC:0.851;SEN:0.697;SPE:0.793),which outperformed single-sequence models(AUC:0.779,0.844;SEN:0.667,0.636;SPE:0.8,0.8).CONCLUSION MRI-based radiomics signatures could identify EC stages before treatment,which could serve as a noninvasive and quantitative approach aiding personalized treatment planning.展开更多
Uncovering the risk factors of pulmonary hypertension and its mechanisms is crucial for the prevention and treatment of the disease.In the current study,we showed that experimental periodontitis,which was established ...Uncovering the risk factors of pulmonary hypertension and its mechanisms is crucial for the prevention and treatment of the disease.In the current study,we showed that experimental periodontitis,which was established by ligation of molars followed by orally smearing subgingival plaques from patients with periodontitis,exacerbated hypoxia-induced pulmonary hypertension in mice.Mechanistically,periodontitis dysregulated the pulmonary microbiota by promoting ectopic colonization and enrichment of oral bacteria in the lungs,contributing to pulmonary infiltration of interferon gamma positive(IFNγ^(+))T cells and aggravating the progression of pulmonary hypertension.In addition,we identified Prevotella zoogleoformans as the critical periodontitis-associated bacterium driving the exacerbation of pulmonary hypertension by periodontitis,and the exacerbation was potently ameliorated by both cervical lymph node excision and IFNγneutralizing antibodies.Our study suggests a proof of concept that the combined prevention and treatment of periodontitis and pulmonary hypertension are necessary.展开更多
With the accelerated expansion of the platform economy,the supply chain has evolved into a new stage of the platform supply chain(PSC),which is deeply integrated with the platform economy.Logistics engineering managem...With the accelerated expansion of the platform economy,the supply chain has evolved into a new stage of the platform supply chain(PSC),which is deeply integrated with the platform economy.Logistics engineering management plays a crucial role in ensuring the efficient operation of PSCs and contributes to the construction of a global economic system.Given its importance to the efficiency of PSCs,the choice of logistics service strategy in logistics engineering management has attracted considerable scholarly attention.However,the current research is fragmented and lacks systematic analysis and synthesis.This paper provides a comprehensive overview of logistics engineering management in PSCs from the perspective of logistics service strategy selection from January 2005 to September 2024.To this end,we first review the research related to self-built logistics(SBL)and third-party logistics(3PL)in PSCs due to the complete independence of these two logistics service strategies.The results show that the following two topics are of great interest to researchers.One is the choice of the optimal logistics service strategy for the members of PSCs,while the other is the impact of factors related to logistics services on PSCs,including the channel selection,platform entry,sales model,and so forth.Next,we summarize the determinants influencing the choice between SBL and 3PL for the members of PSCs.The results indicate that the influencing factors are the service cost and service level,followed by the channel,brand,market potential,and competition.Then,on the basis of the themes of logistics service sharing(LSS),we review the research on LSS in PSCs,as LSS often emerges as an innovative model after a certain stage of development in SBL and 3PL.We find that LSS is regarded as an important complement to SBL and 3PL,with key research hotspots,including the channel,partner selection,and service competition.Service cost is a major factor influencing LSS,with competition,consumers'logistics preference,and market potential being secondary factors.Finally,this paper outlines several important and promising directions for future research.This paper has important management implications for building a modern logistics system and promoting the transformation of PSCs.展开更多
The snap-through behaviors and nonlinear vibrations are investigated for a bistable composite laminated cantilever shell subjected to transversal foundation excitation based on experimental and theoretical approaches....The snap-through behaviors and nonlinear vibrations are investigated for a bistable composite laminated cantilever shell subjected to transversal foundation excitation based on experimental and theoretical approaches.An improved experimental specimen is designed in order to satisfy the cantilever support boundary condition,which is composed of an asymmetric region and a symmetric region.The symmetric region of the experimental specimen is entirely clamped,which is rigidly connected to an electromagnetic shaker,while the asymmetric region remains free of constraint.Different motion paths are realized for the bistable cantilever shell by changing the input signal levels of the electromagnetic shaker,and the displacement responses of the shell are collected by the laser displacement sensors.The numerical simulation is conducted based on the established theoretical model of the bistable composite laminated cantilever shell,and an off-axis three-dimensional dynamic snap-through domain is obtained.The numerical solutions are in good agreement with the experimental results.The nonlinear stiffness characteristics,dynamic snap-through domain,and chaos and bifurcation behaviors of the shell are quantitatively analyzed.Due to the asymmetry of the boundary condition and the shell,the upper stable-state of the shell exhibits an obvious soft spring stiffness characteristic,and the lower stable-state shows a linear stiffness characteristic of the shell.展开更多
Surface sediment is one of the main sources of nutrients in overlying water environments, and these can also indirectly reflect the degree of eutrophication. In this paper, the spatial distribution characteristics of ...Surface sediment is one of the main sources of nutrients in overlying water environments, and these can also indirectly reflect the degree of eutrophication. In this paper, the spatial distribution characteristics of total organic carbon (TOC), total nitrogen (TN) and total phosphorus (TP) in the surface sediments of 11 sections in the lower Lancang River during flood season are analyzed, as well as the distribution of phosphorus in different forms. The main sources of TOC and its correlation with TN and TP are discussed and, finally, the pollution levels of the surface sediments are evaluated. The results show that the average content of TOC in the surface sediments of the lower Lancang River is 9003.75 mg/kg. The average TN content is 893.79 mg/kg, while the average TP content is 521.35 mg/kg. The TOC in the surface sediments of the lower Lancang River is derived mainly from algae and plankton in the river, and the TN and TP have similar sources. The total phosphorus in the surface sediments of the lower Lancang River is composed mainly of calcium-bound phosphorus (Ca-P). The evaluations of the organic pollution index and comprehensive pollution index show that the surface sediment pollution degree at the upper sections of the Nuozhadu and Jinghong Dams are more serious than those below the dams. Furthermore, the tributary sections are all slightly polluted, with the exception of the Mengyang River, which is considered moderately polluted.展开更多
Metallic zinc is an ideal anode material owing to its high theoretical capacity(819 mAh·g^(-1)),ecofriendliness,low cost and high safety,which have driven fast development of Zn-ion batteries(ZIBs).However,the pr...Metallic zinc is an ideal anode material owing to its high theoretical capacity(819 mAh·g^(-1)),ecofriendliness,low cost and high safety,which have driven fast development of Zn-ion batteries(ZIBs).However,the practical application of current ZIBs is significantly restricted by irregular dendrite growth of zinc anode and the low working voltage(usually<2 V)of cathode materials.Herein,we report a high-voltage Zn-based dualion battery(DIB),which is constructed by a graphite cathode,a Zn anode,and 3 M LiPF_(6)in the ethyl methyl carbonate(EMC)electrolyte.Under the corrosion interaction of Li^(+)ions,Zn^(2+)can be easily dissolved from Zn anode into the electrolyte to enable dendrite-free Zn^(2+)plating/stripping at the anode.Moreover,an aqueous carboxymethyl cellulose(CMC)binder is employed to generate a robust cathode electrolyte interface(CEI)layer on the graphite cathode,which renders ultrafast PF_(6)^(-)-de-/intercalation into graphite.The resultant Zn-graphite DIB operates stably at a high cut off voltage of 3.2 V,corresponding to an average output voltage of 2.2 V.After 9000cycles at 5C,the high capacity retention of 95.9% can be achieved with~100% Coulomb efficiency.Based on the mass of cathode material,our Zn-graphite battery exhibits ultrafast rate capability(60 C,a discharge time of 44 s)and high energy/power densities(208 Wh·kg^(-1)at 214 W·kg^(-1);142 Wh·kg^(-1)at 8692 W·kg^(-1)),which holds great promise for large-scale energy storage.展开更多
The effects of potassium addition and the potassium content on the activity and selectivity of coprecipitated iron catalyst for Fischer-Tropsch synthesis （FTS） were studied in a fixed bed reactor at 1.5 MPa, 300 ℃,...The effects of potassium addition and the potassium content on the activity and selectivity of coprecipitated iron catalyst for Fischer-Tropsch synthesis （FTS） were studied in a fixed bed reactor at 1.5 MPa, 300 ℃, and contact time （W/F） of 12.5 gcath/mol using the model bio-oil-syngas of H2/CO/CO2/N2 （62/8/25/5, vol%）. It was found that potassium addition increases the catalyst activity for FTS and the reverse water gas shift reaction. Moreover, potassium increases the average molecular weight （chain length） of the hydrocarbon products. With the increase of potassium content, it was found that CH4 selectivity decreases and the selectivity of liquid phase products （C5＋） increases. The characteristics of FTS catalysts with different potassium content were also investigated by various characterization measurements including X-ray diffraction, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and Brunauer-Emmett-Teller surface area. Based on experimental results, 100Fe/6Cu/16Al/6K （weight ratio） was selected as the optimal catalyst for FTS from bio-oil-syngas. The results indicate that the 100Fe/6Cu/16Al/6K catalyst is one of the most promising candidates to directly synthesize liquid bio-fuel using bio-oil-syngas.展开更多
The oral microbiota is a vital part of the human microbiota that functions in various physiological processes and ishighly relevant to cancers and other diseases. With the alterations of host immune competence, the ho...The oral microbiota is a vital part of the human microbiota that functions in various physiological processes and ishighly relevant to cancers and other diseases. With the alterations of host immune competence, the homeostatic balanceexisting between the oral microbiota and host may be disturbed and result in the development of diseases. Numerousobservations have suggested that small RNAs are key regulators of bacterial pathogenesis and bacteria-host interactions.Further, bacterial small RNAs are considered to be promising biomarkers for the development of novel, and efficacioustherapies for oral dysbiosis. Mechanistic insights into how oral pathogens communicate with other bacteria or host cellsin oral cancers via small RNAs are hot topics of research. Current studies also have begun to elucidate the key role oforal microbiota in the development of systemic diseases. This article discusses existing findings and nascent mechanismsgoverning the small RNA-based interactions between oral microbiota and associated diseases. The knowledge of suchinteractions is key in planning approaches to reverse dysbiosis to achieve health.展开更多
Artificial skin involves multidisciplinary efforts,including materials science,biology,medicine,and tissue engineering.Recent studies have aimed at creating skins that are multifunctional,intelligent,and capable of re...Artificial skin involves multidisciplinary efforts,including materials science,biology,medicine,and tissue engineering.Recent studies have aimed at creating skins that are multifunctional,intelligent,and capable of regenerating tissue.In this work,we present a specialized 3D printing ink composed of polyurethane and bioactive glass(PU-BG)and prepare dual-function skin patch by microfluidic-regulated 3D bioprinting(MRBP)technique.The MRBP endows the skin patch with a highly controlled microstructure and superior strength.Besides,an asymmetric tri-layer is further constructed,which promotes cell attachment and growth through a dual transport mechanism based on hydrogen bonds and gradient structure from hydrophilic to superhydrophilic.More importantly,by combining the features of biomedical skin with electronic skin(e-skin),we achieved a biomedical and electronic dual-function skin patch.In vivo experiments have shown that this skin patch can enhance hemostasis,resist bacterial growth,stimulate the regeneration of blood vessels,and accelerate the healing process.Meanwhile,it also mimics the sensory functions of natural skin to realize signal detection,where the sensitivity reached up to 5.87 kPa1,as well as cyclic stability(over 500 cycles),a wide detection range of 0–150 kPa,high pressure resolution of 0.1%under the pressure of 100 kPa.This work offers a versatile and effective method for creating dual-function skin patches and provide new insights into wound healing and tissue repair,which have significant implications for clinical applications.展开更多
Natural products have been extensively used to treat diseases throughout human history. These are mainly because natural products normally target biological macromolecules selectively. Target identification could help...Natural products have been extensively used to treat diseases throughout human history. These are mainly because natural products normally target biological macromolecules selectively. Target identification could help us to develop new therapeutic agents and discover new biological pathways underlying human diseases. Herein, we highlight some recent examples of using natural products and their derivatives as chemical probes to identify the molecular targets and elucidate mode of action.展开更多
The widespread clinical application of paclitaxel(PTX)in cancer treatment has been significantly limited by the emergence of drug resistance and the presence of drug-tolerant persister cells.To systematically identify...The widespread clinical application of paclitaxel(PTX)in cancer treatment has been significantly limited by the emergence of drug resistance and the presence of drug-tolerant persister cells.To systematically identify key regulators of this resistance,we conducted a genome-wide CRISPR/Cas9 knockout screen,which revealed that cell division cycle 6(CDC6)is a critical determinant of cell adhesion-mediated PTX resistance.Furthermore,our results illustrate that CDC6,an essential DNA replication licensing factor,functions through a pathway distinct from previously well-characterized resistance mechanisms.Genetic depletion of CDC6 considerably sensitizes cells,markedly increasing PTX-induced cell death.In addition to its established role in chromosome stability,CDC6 physically interacts with tropomodulin-3(Tmod3)in the cytoplasmic compartment.This interaction enhances CDC6 protein stability and drives drug resistance phenotypes through the regulation of actin cytoskeleton remodeling and facilitating focal adhesion assembly.In addition,combination treatment with PTX and actin filament inhibitors synergistically enhanced the antitumor efficacy both in vitro and in vivo.Overall,our studies elucidate the mechanisms through which CDC6 functions as a key regulator of PTX resistance and provide a potential therapeutic strategy to increase PTX efficacy through the modulation of the cytoskeletal-adhesion axis.展开更多
Background: Wilson’s disease (WD) is an autosomal recessive disorder of copper metabolism caused by ATP7B (encoding a copper-transporting P-type ATPase) variants that shows various characteristics according to race a...Background: Wilson’s disease (WD) is an autosomal recessive disorder of copper metabolism caused by ATP7B (encoding a copper-transporting P-type ATPase) variants that shows various characteristics according to race and geographical region. This study was aimed to provide a comprehensive analysis of ATP7B variants in China and to investigate a plausible role of common variants in WD manifestations. Methods: A total of 1366 patients (1302 index patients and 64 siblings) clinically diagnosed with WD (Leipzig score ≥ 4) were recruited. They underwent ATP7B gene sequencing and information of age and symptoms at onset was collected. The genotype-phenotype correlation was assessed in the index patients who were examined with two pathogenic variants and onset with hepatic (n = 276) or neurologic (n = 665) symptoms. Results: We identified 294 potentially pathogenic ATP7B variants (112 truncating, 174 missense, 8 in-frame) in the 1302 index patients, including 116 novel variants. The most frequent variant was c.2333G>T (R778L, allele fre-quency: 28.96%), followed by c.2975C>T (P992L, 13.82%), c.2621C>T (A874V, 5.99%), c.2755C>G (R919G, 2.46%), and c.3646G>A (V1216M, 1.92%). In 1167 patients, both pathogentic variants were identified, of which 532 differ-ent variant combinations were found. By binary logistic regression analysis, the factor associated with neurological presentation was high age-at-onset, but not sex, protein-truncating variant (PTV), or the common missense variants (R778L, P992L, and A874V). In the neurological group, low age-at-onset was a factor associated with dystonia, gait abnormality, and salivation;high age-at-onset was a factor associated with tremor;and the sex, low age-at-onset and A874V were independent factors associated with dysarthria. In addition, PTV, R778L, and P992L were predominant in early-onset patients, whereas A874V was predominant in late-onset patients, and patients with R778L/A874V geno-type displayed a higher age-at-onset than patients with R778L/R778L or R778L/P992L genotype. Conclusions: Our work expanded the ATP7B variant spectrum and highlighted the differences among patients with WD in age-at-onset and ATP7B variants, which may provide some valuable insights into the diagnosis, counseling, and treatment of patients with WD.展开更多
Deep-subwavelength all-dielectric composite materials are believed to tightly obey the Maxwell Garnett effective medium theory. Here, we demonstrate that the Maxwell Garnett theory could break down due to evanescent f...Deep-subwavelength all-dielectric composite materials are believed to tightly obey the Maxwell Garnett effective medium theory. Here, we demonstrate that the Maxwell Garnett theory could break down due to evanescent fields in deep-subwavelength dielectric structures. By using two-and three-dimensional dielectric composite materials with inhomogeneities at a scale of λ∕100, we show that local evanescent fields generally occur near the dielectric inhomogeneities. When tiny absorptive constituents are placed there, the absorption and transmission of the whole composite will show strong dependence on the positions of the absorptive constituents. The Maxwell Garnett theory fails to predict such position-dependent characteristics because it averages out the evanescent fields. By taking the distribution of the evanescent fields into consideration, we have made a correction to the Maxwell Garnett theory so that the position-dependent characteristics become predictable. We reveal not only the breakdown of the Maxwell Garnett theory, but also a unique phenomenon of "invisible" loss induced by the prohibition of electric fields at deep-subwavelength scales. We believe our work promises a route to control the macroscopic properties of composite materials without changing their composition, which is beyond the traditional Maxwell Garnett theory.展开更多
基金Supported by Guangdong Medical Research Foundation,No.B2023272.
文摘BACKGROUND Esophageal cancer(EC)is one of the most prevalent malignant gastrointestinal tumors;accurate prediction of EC staging has high significance before treatment.AIM To explore a rational radiomic approach for predicting preoperative staging of EC based on magnetic resonance imaging(MRI).METHODS This retrospective study included 210 patients with pathologically confirmed EC,randomly divided into a primary cohort(n=147)and a validation cohort(n=63)in a ratio of 7:3.All patients underwent a preoperative MRI scan from the neck to the abdomen.High-throughput and quantitative radiomics features were extracted from T2-weighted imaging(T2WI)and gadolinium contrast-enhanced T1-weighted imaging(T1WI)-Gd images.Radiomics signatures were selected using minimal redundancy maximal relevance and the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator.Then a logistic regression model was built to predict the EC stages.The diagnostic performance of the radiomics model for discriminating between stages Ⅰ-Ⅱ and Ⅲ-Ⅳ was evaluated using the area under the curve(AUC),sensitivity(SEN),and specificity(SPE).RESULTS A total of 214 radiomics features were extracted.Following feature dimension reduction,the T1WI and T2WI sequences were retained,and 14 features from the T1WI sequence and 3 features from the T2WI sequence were selected to construct radiomics signatures.The radiomics signature combining T2WI with T1WI-Gd demonstrated superior discrimination of stages in the validation cohort(AUC:0.851;SEN:0.697;SPE:0.793),which outperformed single-sequence models(AUC:0.779,0.844;SEN:0.667,0.636;SPE:0.8,0.8).CONCLUSION MRI-based radiomics signatures could identify EC stages before treatment,which could serve as a noninvasive and quantitative approach aiding personalized treatment planning.
基金fundings from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(82330015,81991503,81921002,and 82303275)Science and Technology Commission of Shanghai Municipality(23ZR1438300).
文摘Uncovering the risk factors of pulmonary hypertension and its mechanisms is crucial for the prevention and treatment of the disease.In the current study,we showed that experimental periodontitis,which was established by ligation of molars followed by orally smearing subgingival plaques from patients with periodontitis,exacerbated hypoxia-induced pulmonary hypertension in mice.Mechanistically,periodontitis dysregulated the pulmonary microbiota by promoting ectopic colonization and enrichment of oral bacteria in the lungs,contributing to pulmonary infiltration of interferon gamma positive(IFNγ^(+))T cells and aggravating the progression of pulmonary hypertension.In addition,we identified Prevotella zoogleoformans as the critical periodontitis-associated bacterium driving the exacerbation of pulmonary hypertension by periodontitis,and the exacerbation was potently ameliorated by both cervical lymph node excision and IFNγneutralizing antibodies.Our study suggests a proof of concept that the combined prevention and treatment of periodontitis and pulmonary hypertension are necessary.
基金supported by research grant from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(72102171,71931001,U2469202,and W2411066)the Humanities and Social Sciences Youth Foundation,Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China(21YJC630006)the Graduate Innovative Fund of Wuhan Institute of Technology(CX2023368)。
文摘With the accelerated expansion of the platform economy,the supply chain has evolved into a new stage of the platform supply chain(PSC),which is deeply integrated with the platform economy.Logistics engineering management plays a crucial role in ensuring the efficient operation of PSCs and contributes to the construction of a global economic system.Given its importance to the efficiency of PSCs,the choice of logistics service strategy in logistics engineering management has attracted considerable scholarly attention.However,the current research is fragmented and lacks systematic analysis and synthesis.This paper provides a comprehensive overview of logistics engineering management in PSCs from the perspective of logistics service strategy selection from January 2005 to September 2024.To this end,we first review the research related to self-built logistics(SBL)and third-party logistics(3PL)in PSCs due to the complete independence of these two logistics service strategies.The results show that the following two topics are of great interest to researchers.One is the choice of the optimal logistics service strategy for the members of PSCs,while the other is the impact of factors related to logistics services on PSCs,including the channel selection,platform entry,sales model,and so forth.Next,we summarize the determinants influencing the choice between SBL and 3PL for the members of PSCs.The results indicate that the influencing factors are the service cost and service level,followed by the channel,brand,market potential,and competition.Then,on the basis of the themes of logistics service sharing(LSS),we review the research on LSS in PSCs,as LSS often emerges as an innovative model after a certain stage of development in SBL and 3PL.We find that LSS is regarded as an important complement to SBL and 3PL,with key research hotspots,including the channel,partner selection,and service competition.Service cost is a major factor influencing LSS,with competition,consumers'logistics preference,and market potential being secondary factors.Finally,this paper outlines several important and promising directions for future research.This paper has important management implications for building a modern logistics system and promoting the transformation of PSCs.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.11832002 and 12072201)。
文摘The snap-through behaviors and nonlinear vibrations are investigated for a bistable composite laminated cantilever shell subjected to transversal foundation excitation based on experimental and theoretical approaches.An improved experimental specimen is designed in order to satisfy the cantilever support boundary condition,which is composed of an asymmetric region and a symmetric region.The symmetric region of the experimental specimen is entirely clamped,which is rigidly connected to an electromagnetic shaker,while the asymmetric region remains free of constraint.Different motion paths are realized for the bistable cantilever shell by changing the input signal levels of the electromagnetic shaker,and the displacement responses of the shell are collected by the laser displacement sensors.The numerical simulation is conducted based on the established theoretical model of the bistable composite laminated cantilever shell,and an off-axis three-dimensional dynamic snap-through domain is obtained.The numerical solutions are in good agreement with the experimental results.The nonlinear stiffness characteristics,dynamic snap-through domain,and chaos and bifurcation behaviors of the shell are quantitatively analyzed.Due to the asymmetry of the boundary condition and the shell,the upper stable-state of the shell exhibits an obvious soft spring stiffness characteristic,and the lower stable-state shows a linear stiffness characteristic of the shell.
文摘Surface sediment is one of the main sources of nutrients in overlying water environments, and these can also indirectly reflect the degree of eutrophication. In this paper, the spatial distribution characteristics of total organic carbon (TOC), total nitrogen (TN) and total phosphorus (TP) in the surface sediments of 11 sections in the lower Lancang River during flood season are analyzed, as well as the distribution of phosphorus in different forms. The main sources of TOC and its correlation with TN and TP are discussed and, finally, the pollution levels of the surface sediments are evaluated. The results show that the average content of TOC in the surface sediments of the lower Lancang River is 9003.75 mg/kg. The average TN content is 893.79 mg/kg, while the average TP content is 521.35 mg/kg. The TOC in the surface sediments of the lower Lancang River is derived mainly from algae and plankton in the river, and the TN and TP have similar sources. The total phosphorus in the surface sediments of the lower Lancang River is composed mainly of calcium-bound phosphorus (Ca-P). The evaluations of the organic pollution index and comprehensive pollution index show that the surface sediment pollution degree at the upper sections of the Nuozhadu and Jinghong Dams are more serious than those below the dams. Furthermore, the tributary sections are all slightly polluted, with the exception of the Mengyang River, which is considered moderately polluted.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.22279122)Shenzhen Science and Technology Program(No.JCYJ20220530162402005)+2 种基金the Research on High Power Flexible Battery in All Sea Depth(2020-XXXX-XX-246-00)the Research Fund Program of Hubei Key Laboratory of Resources and EcoEnvironment Geology(No.HBREGKFJJ-202314)and the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities,South-Central Minzu University(No.CZQ21013)。
文摘Metallic zinc is an ideal anode material owing to its high theoretical capacity(819 mAh·g^(-1)),ecofriendliness,low cost and high safety,which have driven fast development of Zn-ion batteries(ZIBs).However,the practical application of current ZIBs is significantly restricted by irregular dendrite growth of zinc anode and the low working voltage(usually<2 V)of cathode materials.Herein,we report a high-voltage Zn-based dualion battery(DIB),which is constructed by a graphite cathode,a Zn anode,and 3 M LiPF_(6)in the ethyl methyl carbonate(EMC)electrolyte.Under the corrosion interaction of Li^(+)ions,Zn^(2+)can be easily dissolved from Zn anode into the electrolyte to enable dendrite-free Zn^(2+)plating/stripping at the anode.Moreover,an aqueous carboxymethyl cellulose(CMC)binder is employed to generate a robust cathode electrolyte interface(CEI)layer on the graphite cathode,which renders ultrafast PF_(6)^(-)-de-/intercalation into graphite.The resultant Zn-graphite DIB operates stably at a high cut off voltage of 3.2 V,corresponding to an average output voltage of 2.2 V.After 9000cycles at 5C,the high capacity retention of 95.9% can be achieved with~100% Coulomb efficiency.Based on the mass of cathode material,our Zn-graphite battery exhibits ultrafast rate capability(60 C,a discharge time of 44 s)and high energy/power densities(208 Wh·kg^(-1)at 214 W·kg^(-1);142 Wh·kg^(-1)at 8692 W·kg^(-1)),which holds great promise for large-scale energy storage.
基金The authors thank Prof. Yi-lu Fu and Prof. Peiyan Lin for their kind help. This work was supported by the 863 Program （No.2006AA05Z118）, 973 Program （No.2007CB210206）, and the National Natural Science Foundation of China （No.50772107）.
文摘The effects of potassium addition and the potassium content on the activity and selectivity of coprecipitated iron catalyst for Fischer-Tropsch synthesis （FTS） were studied in a fixed bed reactor at 1.5 MPa, 300 ℃, and contact time （W/F） of 12.5 gcath/mol using the model bio-oil-syngas of H2/CO/CO2/N2 （62/8/25/5, vol%）. It was found that potassium addition increases the catalyst activity for FTS and the reverse water gas shift reaction. Moreover, potassium increases the average molecular weight （chain length） of the hydrocarbon products. With the increase of potassium content, it was found that CH4 selectivity decreases and the selectivity of liquid phase products （C5＋） increases. The characteristics of FTS catalysts with different potassium content were also investigated by various characterization measurements including X-ray diffraction, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and Brunauer-Emmett-Teller surface area. Based on experimental results, 100Fe/6Cu/16Al/6K （weight ratio） was selected as the optimal catalyst for FTS from bio-oil-syngas. The results indicate that the 100Fe/6Cu/16Al/6K catalyst is one of the most promising candidates to directly synthesize liquid bio-fuel using bio-oil-syngas.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.82071104 and 81900988)the Clinical Research Program of 9th People’s Hospital,Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine(No.JYLJ201908).
文摘The oral microbiota is a vital part of the human microbiota that functions in various physiological processes and ishighly relevant to cancers and other diseases. With the alterations of host immune competence, the homeostatic balanceexisting between the oral microbiota and host may be disturbed and result in the development of diseases. Numerousobservations have suggested that small RNAs are key regulators of bacterial pathogenesis and bacteria-host interactions.Further, bacterial small RNAs are considered to be promising biomarkers for the development of novel, and efficacioustherapies for oral dysbiosis. Mechanistic insights into how oral pathogens communicate with other bacteria or host cellsin oral cancers via small RNAs are hot topics of research. Current studies also have begun to elucidate the key role oforal microbiota in the development of systemic diseases. This article discusses existing findings and nascent mechanismsgoverning the small RNA-based interactions between oral microbiota and associated diseases. The knowledge of suchinteractions is key in planning approaches to reverse dysbiosis to achieve health.
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(22278225,82170581,22308160)Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province(BK20211133,BK20230327)+1 种基金the Postgraduate Research&Practice Innovation Program of Jiangsu Province(KYCX23_1471)Priority Academic Program Development of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions(PAPD).
文摘Artificial skin involves multidisciplinary efforts,including materials science,biology,medicine,and tissue engineering.Recent studies have aimed at creating skins that are multifunctional,intelligent,and capable of regenerating tissue.In this work,we present a specialized 3D printing ink composed of polyurethane and bioactive glass(PU-BG)and prepare dual-function skin patch by microfluidic-regulated 3D bioprinting(MRBP)technique.The MRBP endows the skin patch with a highly controlled microstructure and superior strength.Besides,an asymmetric tri-layer is further constructed,which promotes cell attachment and growth through a dual transport mechanism based on hydrogen bonds and gradient structure from hydrophilic to superhydrophilic.More importantly,by combining the features of biomedical skin with electronic skin(e-skin),we achieved a biomedical and electronic dual-function skin patch.In vivo experiments have shown that this skin patch can enhance hemostasis,resist bacterial growth,stimulate the regeneration of blood vessels,and accelerate the healing process.Meanwhile,it also mimics the sensory functions of natural skin to realize signal detection,where the sensitivity reached up to 5.87 kPa1,as well as cyclic stability(over 500 cycles),a wide detection range of 0–150 kPa,high pressure resolution of 0.1%under the pressure of 100 kPa.This work offers a versatile and effective method for creating dual-function skin patches and provide new insights into wound healing and tissue repair,which have significant implications for clinical applications.
基金supported by the National Basic Research Program of China (2015CB856200)the National Natural Science Foundation of China (21472010, 21561142002)
文摘Natural products have been extensively used to treat diseases throughout human history. These are mainly because natural products normally target biological macromolecules selectively. Target identification could help us to develop new therapeutic agents and discover new biological pathways underlying human diseases. Herein, we highlight some recent examples of using natural products and their derivatives as chemical probes to identify the molecular targets and elucidate mode of action.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.82173703,82293682).
文摘The widespread clinical application of paclitaxel(PTX)in cancer treatment has been significantly limited by the emergence of drug resistance and the presence of drug-tolerant persister cells.To systematically identify key regulators of this resistance,we conducted a genome-wide CRISPR/Cas9 knockout screen,which revealed that cell division cycle 6(CDC6)is a critical determinant of cell adhesion-mediated PTX resistance.Furthermore,our results illustrate that CDC6,an essential DNA replication licensing factor,functions through a pathway distinct from previously well-characterized resistance mechanisms.Genetic depletion of CDC6 considerably sensitizes cells,markedly increasing PTX-induced cell death.In addition to its established role in chromosome stability,CDC6 physically interacts with tropomodulin-3(Tmod3)in the cytoplasmic compartment.This interaction enhances CDC6 protein stability and drives drug resistance phenotypes through the regulation of actin cytoskeleton remodeling and facilitating focal adhesion assembly.In addition,combination treatment with PTX and actin filament inhibitors synergistically enhanced the antitumor efficacy both in vitro and in vivo.Overall,our studies elucidate the mechanisms through which CDC6 functions as a key regulator of PTX resistance and provide a potential therapeutic strategy to increase PTX efficacy through the modulation of the cytoskeletal-adhesion axis.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(81903895,81973825,and 82104783)the Natural Science Foundation of Anhui Province(1908085QC90)the Anhui University Collaborative Innovation Project(GXXT-2020-025).
文摘Background: Wilson’s disease (WD) is an autosomal recessive disorder of copper metabolism caused by ATP7B (encoding a copper-transporting P-type ATPase) variants that shows various characteristics according to race and geographical region. This study was aimed to provide a comprehensive analysis of ATP7B variants in China and to investigate a plausible role of common variants in WD manifestations. Methods: A total of 1366 patients (1302 index patients and 64 siblings) clinically diagnosed with WD (Leipzig score ≥ 4) were recruited. They underwent ATP7B gene sequencing and information of age and symptoms at onset was collected. The genotype-phenotype correlation was assessed in the index patients who were examined with two pathogenic variants and onset with hepatic (n = 276) or neurologic (n = 665) symptoms. Results: We identified 294 potentially pathogenic ATP7B variants (112 truncating, 174 missense, 8 in-frame) in the 1302 index patients, including 116 novel variants. The most frequent variant was c.2333G>T (R778L, allele fre-quency: 28.96%), followed by c.2975C>T (P992L, 13.82%), c.2621C>T (A874V, 5.99%), c.2755C>G (R919G, 2.46%), and c.3646G>A (V1216M, 1.92%). In 1167 patients, both pathogentic variants were identified, of which 532 differ-ent variant combinations were found. By binary logistic regression analysis, the factor associated with neurological presentation was high age-at-onset, but not sex, protein-truncating variant (PTV), or the common missense variants (R778L, P992L, and A874V). In the neurological group, low age-at-onset was a factor associated with dystonia, gait abnormality, and salivation;high age-at-onset was a factor associated with tremor;and the sex, low age-at-onset and A874V were independent factors associated with dysarthria. In addition, PTV, R778L, and P992L were predominant in early-onset patients, whereas A874V was predominant in late-onset patients, and patients with R778L/A874V geno-type displayed a higher age-at-onset than patients with R778L/R778L or R778L/P992L genotype. Conclusions: Our work expanded the ATP7B variant spectrum and highlighted the differences among patients with WD in age-at-onset and ATP7B variants, which may provide some valuable insights into the diagnosis, counseling, and treatment of patients with WD.
基金National Key Research and Development Program of China(2017YFA0303702)National Natural Science Foundation of China(11704271,11974176,61671314)+1 种基金Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province(BK20170326)Priority Academic Program Development of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions。
文摘Deep-subwavelength all-dielectric composite materials are believed to tightly obey the Maxwell Garnett effective medium theory. Here, we demonstrate that the Maxwell Garnett theory could break down due to evanescent fields in deep-subwavelength dielectric structures. By using two-and three-dimensional dielectric composite materials with inhomogeneities at a scale of λ∕100, we show that local evanescent fields generally occur near the dielectric inhomogeneities. When tiny absorptive constituents are placed there, the absorption and transmission of the whole composite will show strong dependence on the positions of the absorptive constituents. The Maxwell Garnett theory fails to predict such position-dependent characteristics because it averages out the evanescent fields. By taking the distribution of the evanescent fields into consideration, we have made a correction to the Maxwell Garnett theory so that the position-dependent characteristics become predictable. We reveal not only the breakdown of the Maxwell Garnett theory, but also a unique phenomenon of "invisible" loss induced by the prohibition of electric fields at deep-subwavelength scales. We believe our work promises a route to control the macroscopic properties of composite materials without changing their composition, which is beyond the traditional Maxwell Garnett theory.
