为中药材根腐病的生物防治提供有效的生防种质资源,本文从1万多株细菌中通过平板拮抗法筛选获得3株对镰刀菌抑菌活性较强的根际细菌LHJS2-2、LHQS2-5和YHQS2-7,对尖孢镰刀菌F.oxysporum295、腐皮镰刀菌F.solaniN18和轮枝镰刀菌F.vertici...为中药材根腐病的生物防治提供有效的生防种质资源,本文从1万多株细菌中通过平板拮抗法筛选获得3株对镰刀菌抑菌活性较强的根际细菌LHJS2-2、LHQS2-5和YHQS2-7,对尖孢镰刀菌F.oxysporum295、腐皮镰刀菌F.solaniN18和轮枝镰刀菌F.verticillium173的抑菌带为12~17mm,对串珠镰刀菌F.moniliforme N19的抑菌带是3~5 mm。经形态观察、生理生化试验及16S r DNA鉴定结果表明,菌株LHJS2-2为短小芽胞杆菌B.pumilus,菌株LHQS2-5为贝莱斯芽胞杆菌B.velezensis,菌株YHQS2-7为深褐芽胞杆菌B.atrophaeus。盆栽试验结果表明,菌株LHJS2-2、LHQS2-5和YHQS2-7对黄芪根腐病的预防效果分别是88.07%、85.66%和76.73%,显著促进黄芪、黄芩、银柴胡幼苗株高、根长、地上部生物量和地下部生物量。田间试验结果表明,菌株LHJS2-2、LHQS2-5和YHQS2-7对黄芪根腐病的防治效果分别为41.37%、40.13%和41.95%,对党参根腐病的田间预防效果分别达到87.06%、95.03%和87.06%。菌株LHJS2-2、LHQS2-5和YHQS2-7对中药材根腐病的生物防治具有重要的前景。展开更多
Leguminosae are an important part of terrestrial ecosystems and play a key role in promoting soil nutrient cycling and improving soil properties.However,plant composition and species diversity change rapidly during th...Leguminosae are an important part of terrestrial ecosystems and play a key role in promoting soil nutrient cycling and improving soil properties.However,plant composition and species diversity change rapidly during the process of succession,the effect of leguminosae on soil physical-chemical and biological properties is still unclear.This study investigated the changes in the composition of plant community,vegetation characteristics,soil physical-chemical properties,and soil biological properties on five former farmlands in China,which had been abandoned for 0,5,10,18,and 30 a.Results showed that,with successional time,plant community developed from annual plants to perennial plants,the importance of Leguminosae and Asteraceae significantly increased and decreased,respectively,and the importance of grass increased and then decreased,having a maximum value after 5 a of abandonment.Plant diversity indices increased with successional time,and vegetation coverage and above-and below-ground biomass increased significantly with successional time after 5 a of abandonment.Compared with farmland,30 a of abandonment significantly increased soil nutrient content,but total and available phosphorus decreased with successional time.Changes in plant community composition and vegetation characteristics not only change soil properties and improve soil physical-chemical properties,but also regulate soil biological activity,thus affecting soil nutrient cycling.Among these,Leguminosae have the greatest influence on soil properties,and their importance values and community composition are significantly correlated with soil properties.Therefore,this research provides more scientific guidance for selecting plant species to stabilize soil ecosystem of farmland to grassland in the Loess Plateau,China.展开更多
文摘为中药材根腐病的生物防治提供有效的生防种质资源,本文从1万多株细菌中通过平板拮抗法筛选获得3株对镰刀菌抑菌活性较强的根际细菌LHJS2-2、LHQS2-5和YHQS2-7,对尖孢镰刀菌F.oxysporum295、腐皮镰刀菌F.solaniN18和轮枝镰刀菌F.verticillium173的抑菌带为12~17mm,对串珠镰刀菌F.moniliforme N19的抑菌带是3~5 mm。经形态观察、生理生化试验及16S r DNA鉴定结果表明,菌株LHJS2-2为短小芽胞杆菌B.pumilus,菌株LHQS2-5为贝莱斯芽胞杆菌B.velezensis,菌株YHQS2-7为深褐芽胞杆菌B.atrophaeus。盆栽试验结果表明,菌株LHJS2-2、LHQS2-5和YHQS2-7对黄芪根腐病的预防效果分别是88.07%、85.66%和76.73%,显著促进黄芪、黄芩、银柴胡幼苗株高、根长、地上部生物量和地下部生物量。田间试验结果表明,菌株LHJS2-2、LHQS2-5和YHQS2-7对黄芪根腐病的防治效果分别为41.37%、40.13%和41.95%,对党参根腐病的田间预防效果分别达到87.06%、95.03%和87.06%。菌株LHJS2-2、LHQS2-5和YHQS2-7对中药材根腐病的生物防治具有重要的前景。
基金supported by the Forestry Science and Technology Innovation Project of Shaanxi Province,China(SKLK2022-02-14)the Shaanxi Province Key Research and Development Program(2022SF-285)the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(2020M683594).
文摘Leguminosae are an important part of terrestrial ecosystems and play a key role in promoting soil nutrient cycling and improving soil properties.However,plant composition and species diversity change rapidly during the process of succession,the effect of leguminosae on soil physical-chemical and biological properties is still unclear.This study investigated the changes in the composition of plant community,vegetation characteristics,soil physical-chemical properties,and soil biological properties on five former farmlands in China,which had been abandoned for 0,5,10,18,and 30 a.Results showed that,with successional time,plant community developed from annual plants to perennial plants,the importance of Leguminosae and Asteraceae significantly increased and decreased,respectively,and the importance of grass increased and then decreased,having a maximum value after 5 a of abandonment.Plant diversity indices increased with successional time,and vegetation coverage and above-and below-ground biomass increased significantly with successional time after 5 a of abandonment.Compared with farmland,30 a of abandonment significantly increased soil nutrient content,but total and available phosphorus decreased with successional time.Changes in plant community composition and vegetation characteristics not only change soil properties and improve soil physical-chemical properties,but also regulate soil biological activity,thus affecting soil nutrient cycling.Among these,Leguminosae have the greatest influence on soil properties,and their importance values and community composition are significantly correlated with soil properties.Therefore,this research provides more scientific guidance for selecting plant species to stabilize soil ecosystem of farmland to grassland in the Loess Plateau,China.
