[目的]评价小型外固定架在儿童新鲜孟氏骨折中的应用效果。[方法]本研究共纳入12例新鲜儿童孟氏骨折患儿,术中给予骨折复位,行小型外固定架固定,应用关节造影评估复位效果,术后给予前臂旋后位石膏固定。[结果]所有患儿均顺利完成手术,...[目的]评价小型外固定架在儿童新鲜孟氏骨折中的应用效果。[方法]本研究共纳入12例新鲜儿童孟氏骨折患儿,术中给予骨折复位,行小型外固定架固定,应用关节造影评估复位效果,术后给予前臂旋后位石膏固定。[结果]所有患儿均顺利完成手术,无相关并发症。12例患儿均获得随访6~12个月。末次随访时肘关节屈伸活动范围(range of motion, ROM)及前臂旋转ROM均较术后4周显著增加(P<0.05)。末次随访时根据Mayo肘关节评分标准,临床结果优11例,良1例,优良率100%。影像方面,术后12例均达到满意肱桡对合和尺骨力线恢复,末次随访时,肱桡对合和尺骨力线均无改变(P>0.05)。术后4周复查X线片断端均可见骨痂形成,影像骨折愈合时间8~12周。[结论]对于儿童新鲜孟氏骨折采用小型外固定架固定为有效的治疗方法,其操作简单,创伤小。展开更多
Three dimensional wave-induced mixing plays an important role in shallow water area. A quite direct approach through the Reynolds average upon characteristic length scale is proposed to parameterize the horizontal and...Three dimensional wave-induced mixing plays an important role in shallow water area. A quite direct approach through the Reynolds average upon characteristic length scale is proposed to parameterize the horizontal and vertical shallow water mixing. Comparison of finite depth case with infinite depth results indicates that the difference of the wave-induced mixing strength is evident. In the shallow water condition, the infinite water depth approximation overestimates the mixing strength in the lower layers. The nonzero horizontal wave-induced mixing presents anisotropic property near the shore. The Prandtl＇s mixing length theory underestimated the wave-induced mixing in the previous studies.展开更多
Mechanical energy input from atmosphere and losses from wave-breaking dissipation of sea surface waves are estimated by a direct scheme. This scheme is based on the integration in the wavenumber space of the wind inpu...Mechanical energy input from atmosphere and losses from wave-breaking dissipation of sea surface waves are estimated by a direct scheme. This scheme is based on the integration in the wavenumber space of the wind input and breaking dissipation source functions of the MASNUM wave model. The global amount of wind energy input, averaged in 2005, is about 57 TW, and the wave-breaking dissipation summed in deep-water is about 33 TW, over a half of the wind energy input. The residual may be dissipated by beach processes. Global distributions of the energy input and breaking dissipation concentrate in the westerlies of the Southern Hemisphere.展开更多
Co-primary spectrum sharing for multiple operators has been utilized to fully explore the spectrum resources and thus improve the spectrum efficiency. The inter-operator interference(IOI) problem should be seriously c...Co-primary spectrum sharing for multiple operators has been utilized to fully explore the spectrum resources and thus improve the spectrum efficiency. The inter-operator interference(IOI) problem should be seriously considered in order to achieve the mentioned target, especially under the scenario of the ultradense network(UDN) in the fifth generation(5G) wireless systems. To solve this problem, we propose an asymmetrical power levels based soft IOI coordination mechanism. The shared spectrum pool is consisted of three separated parts, where each part can be dynamically adjusted according to the minimal spectrum demand from each operator. Furthermore, different power masks are configured to different parts for each operator. The simulation results show that the proposed mechanism can improve the network spectrum efficiency significantly.展开更多
Sea ice disaster is one of the principal natural hazards that affect some coastal areas of China,and the formation of ice cover in a wave field has important characteristics.However,analysis of the mechanism in which ...Sea ice disaster is one of the principal natural hazards that affect some coastal areas of China,and the formation of ice cover in a wave field has important characteristics.However,analysis of the mechanism in which waves affect the thermodynamic process of sea ice is lacking,and the influence of waves is not taken into consideration in numerical models of sea ice,largely because of a lack of simultaneous observations of waves and sea ice.Using observational data of the sea ice cycle in the coastal waters of Liaodong Bay(China),we analyzed the characteristics of hydrology,meteorology,and sea ice thickness during the formation of sea ice,and explored the changes in the interrelationships among heat fluxes,waves,and sea ice under actual sea conditions.The results could provide a decision-making support as a reference to the establishment and improvement of China's early waming system to sea ice disasters,and the protection of ice drilling operations and production platform safety.展开更多
文摘[目的]评价小型外固定架在儿童新鲜孟氏骨折中的应用效果。[方法]本研究共纳入12例新鲜儿童孟氏骨折患儿,术中给予骨折复位,行小型外固定架固定,应用关节造影评估复位效果,术后给予前臂旋后位石膏固定。[结果]所有患儿均顺利完成手术,无相关并发症。12例患儿均获得随访6~12个月。末次随访时肘关节屈伸活动范围(range of motion, ROM)及前臂旋转ROM均较术后4周显著增加(P<0.05)。末次随访时根据Mayo肘关节评分标准,临床结果优11例,良1例,优良率100%。影像方面,术后12例均达到满意肱桡对合和尺骨力线恢复,末次随访时,肱桡对合和尺骨力线均无改变(P>0.05)。术后4周复查X线片断端均可见骨痂形成,影像骨折愈合时间8~12周。[结论]对于儿童新鲜孟氏骨折采用小型外固定架固定为有效的治疗方法,其操作简单,创伤小。
基金supported by the national young scientist fund of China under contract under contract No 40206003special fund for fundamental scientific research under contract (No 2007G15)
文摘Three dimensional wave-induced mixing plays an important role in shallow water area. A quite direct approach through the Reynolds average upon characteristic length scale is proposed to parameterize the horizontal and vertical shallow water mixing. Comparison of finite depth case with infinite depth results indicates that the difference of the wave-induced mixing strength is evident. In the shallow water condition, the infinite water depth approximation overestimates the mixing strength in the lower layers. The nonzero horizontal wave-induced mixing presents anisotropic property near the shore. The Prandtl＇s mixing length theory underestimated the wave-induced mixing in the previous studies.
基金the Key project of the National Natural Science Foundation of China under contract 40730842
文摘Mechanical energy input from atmosphere and losses from wave-breaking dissipation of sea surface waves are estimated by a direct scheme. This scheme is based on the integration in the wavenumber space of the wind input and breaking dissipation source functions of the MASNUM wave model. The global amount of wind energy input, averaged in 2005, is about 57 TW, and the wave-breaking dissipation summed in deep-water is about 33 TW, over a half of the wind energy input. The residual may be dissipated by beach processes. Global distributions of the energy input and breaking dissipation concentrate in the westerlies of the Southern Hemisphere.
基金supported by National High Technology Research and Development Program of China under Grants No.2014AA01A701major project of Ministry of Industry and Information Technology of China under Grant No.2015ZX03001032+1 种基金major project of Shanghai under Grant No.,14511101501National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant No.61471347
文摘Co-primary spectrum sharing for multiple operators has been utilized to fully explore the spectrum resources and thus improve the spectrum efficiency. The inter-operator interference(IOI) problem should be seriously considered in order to achieve the mentioned target, especially under the scenario of the ultradense network(UDN) in the fifth generation(5G) wireless systems. To solve this problem, we propose an asymmetrical power levels based soft IOI coordination mechanism. The shared spectrum pool is consisted of three separated parts, where each part can be dynamically adjusted according to the minimal spectrum demand from each operator. Furthermore, different power masks are configured to different parts for each operator. The simulation results show that the proposed mechanism can improve the network spectrum efficiency significantly.
基金Supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(Nos.2016YFC1402004,2017YFC1404201)the National Science and Technology Major Project(No.2016ZX05057015)
文摘Sea ice disaster is one of the principal natural hazards that affect some coastal areas of China,and the formation of ice cover in a wave field has important characteristics.However,analysis of the mechanism in which waves affect the thermodynamic process of sea ice is lacking,and the influence of waves is not taken into consideration in numerical models of sea ice,largely because of a lack of simultaneous observations of waves and sea ice.Using observational data of the sea ice cycle in the coastal waters of Liaodong Bay(China),we analyzed the characteristics of hydrology,meteorology,and sea ice thickness during the formation of sea ice,and explored the changes in the interrelationships among heat fluxes,waves,and sea ice under actual sea conditions.The results could provide a decision-making support as a reference to the establishment and improvement of China's early waming system to sea ice disasters,and the protection of ice drilling operations and production platform safety.
