[目的]对比分析1990—2021年中国、日本、韩国胃癌流行情况、疾病负担及2022—2031年变化趋势预测。[方法]从全球疾病负担(Global Burden of Disease,GBD)数据库提取1990—2021年中国、日本和韩国胃癌的标化发病率、标化死亡率、粗发病...[目的]对比分析1990—2021年中国、日本、韩国胃癌流行情况、疾病负担及2022—2031年变化趋势预测。[方法]从全球疾病负担(Global Burden of Disease,GBD)数据库提取1990—2021年中国、日本和韩国胃癌的标化发病率、标化死亡率、粗发病率、粗死亡率以及伤残调整寿命年(disability-adjusted life years,DALY)率等数据,采用Joinpoint软件进行回归分析,计算疾病负担的趋势变化;应用自回归移动平均模型(autoregressive integrated moving average model,ARIMA)对2022—2031年发病、死亡情况进行预测。[结果]2021年中国胃癌发病和死亡例数分别为611799例和445013例,标化发病率和死亡率分别为29.05/10万和21.51/10万,均高于日本和韩国。中国男性胃癌标化发病率(44.48/10万)与标化死亡率(32.61/10万)均为3个国家中最高,远超日本(标化发病率为38.77/10万,标化死亡率为20.26/10万)和韩国(标化发病率为38.98/10万,标化死亡率为20.50/10万)。女性群体中,中国新发病例数居3个国家之首,但标化发病率(15.23/10万)略低于韩国(15.57/10万),高于日本(14.66/10万),而标化死亡率(12.02/10万)仍显著高于日本(7.64/10万)、韩国(8.08/10万)。1990—2021年中国、日本、韩国胃癌的标化发病率、标化死亡率及DALY率均在下降,但中国降幅显著滞后于日韩,韩国在所有指标上均呈现最快下降速度。ARIMA模型预测显示,2022—2031年3个国家胃癌疾病负担呈现显著差异,中国和韩国胃癌标化发病率持续下降,至2031年预计分别降至22.87/10万和12.45/10万,而日本则上升至26.55/10万;标化死亡率同步下降,2031年预计分别为13.71/10万(中国)、10.44/10万(日本)和9.08/10万(韩国)。[结论]在中国、日本、韩国3个国家中,中国胃癌标化发病率和标化死亡率最高,且1990—2021标化发病率、死亡率及DALY率下降幅度最小,提示我国胃癌的疾病负担仍然相当严峻,应进一步关注胃癌筛查和早诊早治问题。展开更多
Cs_(x)WO_(3)/TiO_(2) composites with full-spectrum catalytic activity were prepared by solvothermal reaction.The composites were characterized using X-ray diffraction(XRD)analysis,scanning electron microscopy(SEM),tra...Cs_(x)WO_(3)/TiO_(2) composites with full-spectrum catalytic activity were prepared by solvothermal reaction.The composites were characterized using X-ray diffraction(XRD)analysis,scanning electron microscopy(SEM),transmission electron microscopy(TEM),specific surface area testing,X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS),and UV-Vis diffuse reflectance spectra(UV-Vis DRS).Cs_(x)WO_(3) and TiO_(2) were uniformly bonded together in the compos-ites.The heterojunction structure was formed.The band gap was reduced from 2.75 to 2.65 eV.The photocatalytic property of Cs_(x)WO_(3)/TiO_(2)was demonstrated by the degradation rates of 20 mg·L^(-1) methylene blue dye,which were 99.7%,91.4%,and 70.7%under irradiation from a 300 W high-pressure mercury lamp,a 500 W xenon lamp,and a 400 W infrared lamp,respectively.After five cycles of photocatalytic degradation,the composite photocatalyst still showed a degradation efficiency of 87.6%.This indicates that Cs_(x)WO_(3)/TiO_(2) has good photocatalytic degradability and cyclic stability.The photocatalytic mechanism of Cs_(x)WO_(3)/TiO_(2)was investigated.The trapping experiments of the active species showed that the main active substances were the empty hole(h+)and hydroxyl radical(·OH).展开更多
文摘[目的]对比分析1990—2021年中国、日本、韩国胃癌流行情况、疾病负担及2022—2031年变化趋势预测。[方法]从全球疾病负担(Global Burden of Disease,GBD)数据库提取1990—2021年中国、日本和韩国胃癌的标化发病率、标化死亡率、粗发病率、粗死亡率以及伤残调整寿命年(disability-adjusted life years,DALY)率等数据,采用Joinpoint软件进行回归分析,计算疾病负担的趋势变化;应用自回归移动平均模型(autoregressive integrated moving average model,ARIMA)对2022—2031年发病、死亡情况进行预测。[结果]2021年中国胃癌发病和死亡例数分别为611799例和445013例,标化发病率和死亡率分别为29.05/10万和21.51/10万,均高于日本和韩国。中国男性胃癌标化发病率(44.48/10万)与标化死亡率(32.61/10万)均为3个国家中最高,远超日本(标化发病率为38.77/10万,标化死亡率为20.26/10万)和韩国(标化发病率为38.98/10万,标化死亡率为20.50/10万)。女性群体中,中国新发病例数居3个国家之首,但标化发病率(15.23/10万)略低于韩国(15.57/10万),高于日本(14.66/10万),而标化死亡率(12.02/10万)仍显著高于日本(7.64/10万)、韩国(8.08/10万)。1990—2021年中国、日本、韩国胃癌的标化发病率、标化死亡率及DALY率均在下降,但中国降幅显著滞后于日韩,韩国在所有指标上均呈现最快下降速度。ARIMA模型预测显示,2022—2031年3个国家胃癌疾病负担呈现显著差异,中国和韩国胃癌标化发病率持续下降,至2031年预计分别降至22.87/10万和12.45/10万,而日本则上升至26.55/10万;标化死亡率同步下降,2031年预计分别为13.71/10万(中国)、10.44/10万(日本)和9.08/10万(韩国)。[结论]在中国、日本、韩国3个国家中,中国胃癌标化发病率和标化死亡率最高,且1990—2021标化发病率、死亡率及DALY率下降幅度最小,提示我国胃癌的疾病负担仍然相当严峻,应进一步关注胃癌筛查和早诊早治问题。
文摘Cs_(x)WO_(3)/TiO_(2) composites with full-spectrum catalytic activity were prepared by solvothermal reaction.The composites were characterized using X-ray diffraction(XRD)analysis,scanning electron microscopy(SEM),transmission electron microscopy(TEM),specific surface area testing,X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS),and UV-Vis diffuse reflectance spectra(UV-Vis DRS).Cs_(x)WO_(3) and TiO_(2) were uniformly bonded together in the compos-ites.The heterojunction structure was formed.The band gap was reduced from 2.75 to 2.65 eV.The photocatalytic property of Cs_(x)WO_(3)/TiO_(2)was demonstrated by the degradation rates of 20 mg·L^(-1) methylene blue dye,which were 99.7%,91.4%,and 70.7%under irradiation from a 300 W high-pressure mercury lamp,a 500 W xenon lamp,and a 400 W infrared lamp,respectively.After five cycles of photocatalytic degradation,the composite photocatalyst still showed a degradation efficiency of 87.6%.This indicates that Cs_(x)WO_(3)/TiO_(2) has good photocatalytic degradability and cyclic stability.The photocatalytic mechanism of Cs_(x)WO_(3)/TiO_(2)was investigated.The trapping experiments of the active species showed that the main active substances were the empty hole(h+)and hydroxyl radical(·OH).
