Water outlets for washing hands and medical equipment are essential for preventing hospital infection. The present study clarified the effects of water flow volume on the identification and quantitative evaluation of ...Water outlets for washing hands and medical equipment are essential for preventing hospital infection. The present study clarified the effects of water flow volume on the identification and quantitative evaluation of bacteria found around spouts in the 17 hand-washing stations. Pseu-domonas aeruginosa was detected from 4 sta-tions before adjustment and 2 after adjustment. Although no significant difference was identified in the detection rate of P. aeruginosa (p = 0.368), when combining P. aeruginosa and glucose non-fermentative Gram-negative bacilli (NFB), the number of stations with P. aeruginosa and/or NFB decreased significantly from 15 before adjustment to 9 after adjustment (p = 0.023). Before adjust-ment, quantity of bacteria was “2+” for 3 stations and “1+” for 7 stations, but was “1+” for 3 stations and “2+” for 0 stations after adjustment. These results show that quantity of bacteria could be reduced from spouts by adjusting flow volume. These results were also supported by experiments for cleanliness using Adenosine 5’-triphosphate bioluminescence me- thod.展开更多
The reactions π-p →ηn and γ＇p →ηP are investigated within a dynamical coupledJchannels model of meson production reactions in the nucleon resonance region. The meson-baryon channels included are πN, ηN, π△,...The reactions π-p →ηn and γ＇p →ηP are investigated within a dynamical coupledJchannels model of meson production reactions in the nucleon resonance region. The meson-baryon channels included are πN, ηN, π△, σN, and pN. The direct wphotoproduction process is studied within a formalism based on a chiral constituent quark model approach, complemented with a one-gluon-exchange mechanism, to take into account the breakdown of the SU（6）0（3） symmetry. In the models search, the following known nucleon resonances are embodied： Sll （1535）, $11（1650）, Pll （1440）, Pl1（1710）, P13（1720）, D13（1520）, D13（1700）, D15（1675）, and F15（1680）. Data for the π-p →ηnreaction from threshold up to a total center-of-mass energy of W ≈ 2 GeV are satisfactorily reproduced. For the photoproduction channel, two additional higher mass known resonances, P13 （1900） and F15 （2000）, are also considered. However, reproducing the data for γ＇p →ηP requires, within our approach, two new nucleon resonances, for which we extract mass and width.展开更多
We have developed an analytic continuation method for extracting parameters of nucleon resonances within a Hamiltonian formulation of meson-nucleon reactions. The method was tested for simple solvable models and then ...We have developed an analytic continuation method for extracting parameters of nucleon resonances within a Hamiltonian formulation of meson-nucleon reactions. The method was tested for simple solvable models and then applied for our recent coupled channels model （πN, ηN, π△, ρN, and σN ） of the π＊N and γ＊N reactions. The resonance pole positions and their properties are studied for P11and P11 channels.展开更多
文摘Water outlets for washing hands and medical equipment are essential for preventing hospital infection. The present study clarified the effects of water flow volume on the identification and quantitative evaluation of bacteria found around spouts in the 17 hand-washing stations. Pseu-domonas aeruginosa was detected from 4 sta-tions before adjustment and 2 after adjustment. Although no significant difference was identified in the detection rate of P. aeruginosa (p = 0.368), when combining P. aeruginosa and glucose non-fermentative Gram-negative bacilli (NFB), the number of stations with P. aeruginosa and/or NFB decreased significantly from 15 before adjustment to 9 after adjustment (p = 0.023). Before adjust-ment, quantity of bacteria was “2+” for 3 stations and “1+” for 7 stations, but was “1+” for 3 stations and “2+” for 0 stations after adjustment. These results show that quantity of bacteria could be reduced from spouts by adjusting flow volume. These results were also supported by experiments for cleanliness using Adenosine 5’-triphosphate bioluminescence me- thod.
基金Supported by a CPAN CSD 2007-0042 contract, Consolider Ingenio 2010 and by grants No. FIS2008-01661 and 2009SGR-1289
文摘The reactions π-p →ηn and γ＇p →ηP are investigated within a dynamical coupledJchannels model of meson production reactions in the nucleon resonance region. The meson-baryon channels included are πN, ηN, π△, σN, and pN. The direct wphotoproduction process is studied within a formalism based on a chiral constituent quark model approach, complemented with a one-gluon-exchange mechanism, to take into account the breakdown of the SU（6）0（3） symmetry. In the models search, the following known nucleon resonances are embodied： Sll （1535）, $11（1650）, Pll （1440）, Pl1（1710）, P13（1720）, D13（1520）, D13（1700）, D15（1675）, and F15（1680）. Data for the π-p →ηnreaction from threshold up to a total center-of-mass energy of W ≈ 2 GeV are satisfactorily reproduced. For the photoproduction channel, two additional higher mass known resonances, P13 （1900） and F15 （2000）, are also considered. However, reproducing the data for γ＇p →ηP requires, within our approach, two new nucleon resonances, for which we extract mass and width.
基金Supported by Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research(C) 20540270U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Nuclear Physics Division, under contract No. DE-AC02-06CH11357Contract No. DE-AC05-060R23177 under which Jefferson Science Associates operates Jefferson Lab
文摘We have developed an analytic continuation method for extracting parameters of nucleon resonances within a Hamiltonian formulation of meson-nucleon reactions. The method was tested for simple solvable models and then applied for our recent coupled channels model （πN, ηN, π△, ρN, and σN ） of the π＊N and γ＊N reactions. The resonance pole positions and their properties are studied for P11and P11 channels.
