To reduce the greenhouse effect caused by the surgery of nitrogen-oxides concentration in the atmosphere and develop a future energy carrier of renewables,it is very critical to develop more efficient,controllable,and...To reduce the greenhouse effect caused by the surgery of nitrogen-oxides concentration in the atmosphere and develop a future energy carrier of renewables,it is very critical to develop more efficient,controllable,and highly sensitive catalytic materials.In our work,we proposed that nitric oxide(NO),as a supplement to N_(2) for the synthesis of ammonia,which is equipped with a lower barrier.And the study highlighted the potential of CeO_(2)(111)nanosheets with La doping and oxygen vacancy(OV)as a high-performance,controllable material for NO capture at the site of Vo site,and separation the process of hydrogenation.We also reported that the E_(ads) of-1.12 eV with horizontal adsorption and the Bader charge of N increasing of 0.53|e|and O increasing of 0.17|e|at the most active site of reduction-OV predicted.It is worth noting thatΔG of NORR(NO reduction reaction)shows good performance(thermodynamically spontaneous reaction)to synthesize ammonia and water at room temperature in the theoretical calculation.展开更多
Intrauterine adhesion(IUA)is a common clinical endometrial disease,which can severely damage the fertility and quality of life in women.This study aims to find the differentially expressed endogenous peptides and thei...Intrauterine adhesion(IUA)is a common clinical endometrial disease,which can severely damage the fertility and quality of life in women.This study aims to find the differentially expressed endogenous peptides and their possible roles in IUA.Liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry was used to identify the peptidomic profiling of IUA tissues,and the differentially expressed peptides were screened out.Using real-time quantitative PCR,Western blotting,and immunocytochemistry staining,the function of six endogenous peptides was verified in vitro.It was found that peptide 6(T6)(peptide sequence:TFGGAPGFPLGSPLSSVFPR)could inhibit the expression of TGF-β1-induced cell fibrosis in human endometrial stromal cell line and primary human endometrial stromal cell at a concentration of 50μmol/L.This study provides new targets for further clarifying the formation and prevention of IUA.展开更多
This research investigated eight stations in Clarion-Clipperton Fracture Zone(CCFZ)in the eastern tropical Pacific in 2017 to study the spatial distribution characteristics of nutrients and chlorophyll a(Chi a)concent...This research investigated eight stations in Clarion-Clipperton Fracture Zone(CCFZ)in the eastern tropical Pacific in 2017 to study the spatial distribution characteristics of nutrients and chlorophyll a(Chi a)concentration,and compared nutrient concentrations and molar ratios with those of other investigations 20 years ago in the same area.The study found that dissolved inorganic nutrient(N,P and Si)concentrations were lowest in the upper layer,and increased from surface to some depths,then they decreased a little to the bottom.N was the limited nutrient factor for the growth of phytoplankton community.Although nutrient concentrations and molar ratios have no obvious changes in 2017 comparing those in 1998-2003,supplemented from the equatorial Pacific,nutrient concentrations in the study area were higher than those in seamounts in the North Pacific and Station ALOHA.Furthermore,this study used Generalized Additive Models(GAMs)to infer the underlying bottom-up factors controlling phytoplankton abundance(Chi a concentration),showing that depth,salinity and PO^-P concentration were major factors controlling the growth of phytoplankton community.Furthermore,this study can provide basic data and theoretical support for the development of polymetallic nodule area and its long-term impact assessment on the environment.展开更多
To the Editor:Septate uterus is the most common congenital uterine malformation associated with an increased risk of miscarriage,preterm birth,and fetal malpresentation and reduced clinical pregnancy rates.The Europea...To the Editor:Septate uterus is the most common congenital uterine malformation associated with an increased risk of miscarriage,preterm birth,and fetal malpresentation and reduced clinical pregnancy rates.The European classification defines septate uterus as having an internal fundal indentation exceeding 50%of the uterine wall thickness and an external indentation less than 50%of the uterine wall thickness.展开更多
Subsampling plays a crucial role in enhancing the efficiency of Markov chain Monte Carlo(MCMC)algorithms.This paper presents a subsampling-based MCMC algorithm aimed at addressing the computational complexity challeng...Subsampling plays a crucial role in enhancing the efficiency of Markov chain Monte Carlo(MCMC)algorithms.This paper presents a subsampling-based MCMC algorithm aimed at addressing the computational complexity challenges of traditional MCMC methods on large-scale datasets.The proposed approach significantly reduces computational costs by approximating the full data likelihood function using only a subset of the full data in each iteration.The subsampling process is guided by the fidelity to the full data,which is measured by the energy distance.The resulting algorithm,termed the energy distancebased subsampling MCMC(EDSS-MCMC),offers a flexible approach while maintaining the simplicity of the standard MCMC algorithm.Additionally,we provide an analysis of the invariant distribution generated by the EDSS-MCMC algorithm and quantify the total variation norm between this distribution and the target distribution.Numerical experiments demonstrate the outstanding performance of the proposed algorithm on large-scale datasets.Compared with the standard MCMC algorithm and other subsampling MCMC algorithms,the EDSS-MCMC algorithm exhibits advantages in terms of accuracy and computational speed.Therefore,the proposed algorithm holds practical significance in tasks involving large-scale dataset analysis and machine learning.展开更多
Generally,the interaction between the East Asian subtropical westerly jet(EASWJ)and the East Asian summer monsoon(EASM)is regarded as a critical dynamic factor in the evolution of precipitation patterns in China.Using...Generally,the interaction between the East Asian subtropical westerly jet(EASWJ)and the East Asian summer monsoon(EASM)is regarded as a critical dynamic factor in the evolution of precipitation patterns in China.Using simulation results from the transient climate evolution since the last glacial maximum,this study applies the multivariate empirical orthogonal function(MVEOF)analysis method to investigate the co-evolution relationships of the EASWJ and the EASM during the early,middle,and late Holocene,as well as their influence on precipitation patterns in China.The results indicate that all the first MVEOF modes in different time periods of the Holocene display an out-of-phase relationship in the intensity anomaly between the EASWJ and the EASM.However,the jet stream is wider and more tilted in the late Holocene.Under the influence of secondary circulations formed during their co-evolution,a north-south dipolar precipitation pattern in eastern China(“flood in the south and drought in the north”or“drought in the south and flood in the north”)and an east-west dipolar pattern in northern China(“wet in the west and dry in the east”or“wet in the east and dry in the west”)are found in the early and middle Holocene,while in the late Holocene a regionally-consistent precipitation pattern is witnessed across the whole region.In this mode,the precipitation in the middle and late Holocene is primarily dominated by trend changes.The second MVEOF mode reveals that the EASM weakens when the EASWJ shifts eastward and the jet steam axis shortens during the early Holocene,resulting in a north-south dipolar precipitation pattern in eastern China and a regionally-consistent pattern in northern China.In the middle Holocene,dipolar precipitation patterns are also observed in both eastern China and northern China when the EASWJ moves northward and the EASM strengthens,while the moisture condition in North China is less pronounced,and vice versa.In the late Holocene,the intensity anomalies of the EASWJ and the EASM exhibit an out-of-phase relationship in the temperate zone and an in-phase relationship in the subtropical zone,leading to a tripolar precipitation pattern in eastern China and a dipolar pattern in northern China.In this mode,the precipitation during the middle and late Holocene is primarily dominated by centennial oscillations.The precipitation patterns influenced by the co-evolution relationship between EASWJ and EASM correspond well with the reconstructed precipitation data,providing an explanation for the precipitation patterns observed in the reconstructed data from the perspective of dynamical mechanisms.展开更多
Chinese lake status database has provided systematic geological records of much higher lake level and fresher water than today at the LGM from western China. This wet condition was significant contrast with very dry c...Chinese lake status database has provided systematic geological records of much higher lake level and fresher water than today at the LGM from western China. This wet condition was significant contrast with very dry conditions in eastern China. Together with lake studies from Eurasian continents, there was a wet-condition belt from the Mediterranean and the Middle East, Central Asia to western China. Palaeoclimate simulations confirmed that the wet conditions in western China were produced by decrease of the evaporation and increase of precipitation by positive anomaly of annual P-E of 70-95 mm/a between the LGM and today. The westerlies enhanced in the strength and shifted southwards-eastwards in the position, and the low thermal conditions in the Eurasian continent creating temperature 4-16℃ lower than today and relatively low evaporation, were the major two important climate conditions to yield cold-wet climates in western China.展开更多
IN recent years, much progress has been made in the research of the temporal and spatial changes of East Asian monsoon. To research the environmental evolution and monsoon variations in Holocene in the region of South...IN recent years, much progress has been made in the research of the temporal and spatial changes of East Asian monsoon. To research the environmental evolution and monsoon variations in Holocene in the region of Southwest China, a 310-cm continuous lake sediments core in Erhai Lake, Yunnan Province was sampled with Livingston sampler on July 6, 1996. The lake sediments were separated at 2-cm intervals and the core samples were analyzed with chronology, stable isotope ratios of organic carbon and diatoms determination. Three <sup>14</sup>C ages are （4 473±40）a B.P. （98—102 cm）, （5 825±85） a B. P. （144—148 cm） and （7 754±45） a B.P. （198—202 cm）. By <sup>137</sup>Cs dating, the sedimentation rate is about 0.3 mm/a and this result is close to the <sup>14</sup>C dating results. The average sedimentation rates展开更多
The study of the sediment of Core M1 from Jianghan Plain suggests that the sediment source of this area changed in the Holocene, which corresponds with the south moving of the Yangtze River. Since then, the sediment s...The study of the sediment of Core M1 from Jianghan Plain suggests that the sediment source of this area changed in the Holocene, which corresponds with the south moving of the Yangtze River. Since then, the sediment source has been mainly from the Hanshui River.展开更多
To the Editor:The septate uterus is the most common uterine anomaly and is associated with an increased risk of adverse reproductive outcomes.Transcervical resection of septum(TCRS)is widely performed in patients with...To the Editor:The septate uterus is the most common uterine anomaly and is associated with an increased risk of adverse reproductive outcomes.Transcervical resection of septum(TCRS)is widely performed in patients with adverse reproductive outcomes.The incidence of de novo intrauterine adhesions(IUAs)after TCRS is approximately 5%to 25%.[1]Various anti-adhesion methods are widely used in the clinical management of patients with septate uteri,including intrauterine devices,Foley balloons,estrogen,antibiotics,and hyaluronic acid gel.However,insufficient evidence supports or opposes any of these methods(Level C),[2]lacking high-grade evidence.展开更多
In order to solve the problems of road traffic congestion and the increasing parking time caused by the imbalance of parking lot supply and demand,this paper proposes an asymptotically optimal public parking lot locat...In order to solve the problems of road traffic congestion and the increasing parking time caused by the imbalance of parking lot supply and demand,this paper proposes an asymptotically optimal public parking lot location algorithm based on intuitive reasoning to optimize the parking lot location problem.Guided by the idea of intuitive reasoning,we use walking distance as indicator to measure the variability among location data and build a combinatorial optimization model aimed at guiding search decisions in the solution space of complex problems to find optimal solutions.First,Selective Attention Mechanism(SAM)is introduced to reduce the search space by adaptively focusing on the important information in the features.Then,Quantum Annealing(QA)algorithm with quantum tunneling effect is used to jump out of the local extremum in the search space with high probability and further approach the global optimal solution.Experiments on the parking lot location dataset in Luohu District,Shenzhen,show that the proposed method has improved the accuracy and running speed of the solution,and the asymptotic optimality of the algorithm and its effectiveness in solving the public parking lot location problem are verified.展开更多
Surrounded by emerging markets with considerable plastic consumption,the South China Sea has been a focus area of microplastic research.A survey on the floating microplastics(>0.3 mm)and microplastics ingested by f...Surrounded by emerging markets with considerable plastic consumption,the South China Sea has been a focus area of microplastic research.A survey on the floating microplastics(>0.3 mm)and microplastics ingested by fish and mollusks was conducted around three remote islands here.Compared with the results from several previous studies,a high abundance of floating microplastics(with a median of 1.9×10^(5)items/km^(2) or 0.7 items/m^(3))was observed,revealing another“hot spot”for microplastics.Polyolefin,especially polypropylene,was the main component.The diversity index and evenness index were calculated and evaluated based on the composition of microplastics.The characteristic peaks of Raman spectra concerning pigmented microplastics were provided.Transparent sheets/films were predominant in the water sample,which was quite different from a similar study in this sea area(8.9%for film),and only 16.4%of floating microplastics(>0.3 mm)were fibers/lines,implying that the main sources of floating microplastics(>0.3 mm)might be household/agricultural consumption activities.The transparent fiber/line was also dominant in organisms.It is suggested that the main sources of microplastics ingested by organisms might be both fabric fibers and fishing/aquaculture.展开更多
This work is the first to determine that a real quantum computer(including generalized and specialized)can decipher million-scale RSA relying solely on quantum algorithms,showing the real attack potential of D-Wave ma...This work is the first to determine that a real quantum computer(including generalized and specialized)can decipher million-scale RSA relying solely on quantum algorithms,showing the real attack potential of D-Wave machines.The influence of different column widths on RSA factorization results is studied on the basis of a multiplication table,and the optimal column method is determined by traversal experiments.The traversal experiment of integer factorization within 10000 shows that the local field and coupling coefficients are 75%–93%lower than the research of Shanghai University in 2020 and more than 85%lower than that of Purdue University in 2018.Extremely low Ising model parameters are crucial to reducing the hardware requirements,prompting factoring 1245407 on the D-Wave 2000Q real machine.D-Wave advantage already has more than 5000 qubits and will be expanded to 7000 qubits during 2023–2024,with remarkable improvements in decoherence and topology.This machine is expected to promote the solution of large-scale combinatorial optimization problems.One of the contributions of this paper is the discussion of the long-term impact of D-Wave on the development of post-quantum cryptography standards.展开更多
The intelligent transportation system(ITS)integrates a variety of advanced science and technology to support and monitor road traffic systems and accelerate the urbanization process of various countries.This paper ana...The intelligent transportation system(ITS)integrates a variety of advanced science and technology to support and monitor road traffic systems and accelerate the urbanization process of various countries.This paper analyzes the shortcomings of ITS,introduces the principle of quantum computing and the performance of universal quantum computer and special-purpose quantum computer,and shows how to use quantum advantages to improve the existing ITS.The application of quantum computer in transportation field is reviewed from three application directions:path planning,transportation operation management,and transportation facility layout.Due to the slow development of the current universal quantum computer,the D-Wave quantum machine is used as a breakthrough in the practical application.This paper makes it clear that quantum computing is a powerful tool to promote the development of ITS,emphasizes the importance and necessity of introducing quantum computing into intelligent transportation,and discusses the possible development direction in the future.展开更多
The rapid accumulation of big data in the Internet era has gradually decelerated the progress of Artificial Intelligence(AI).As Moore’s Law approaches its limit,it is imperative to break the constraints that are hold...The rapid accumulation of big data in the Internet era has gradually decelerated the progress of Artificial Intelligence(AI).As Moore’s Law approaches its limit,it is imperative to break the constraints that are holding back artificial intelligence.Quantum computing and artificial intelligence have been advancing along the highway of human civilization for many years,emerging as new engines driving economic and social development.This article delves into the integration of quantum computing and artificial intelligence in both research and application.It introduces the capabilities of both universal quantum computers and special-purpose quantum computers that leverage quantum effects.The discussion further explores how quantum computing enhances classical artificial intelligence from four perspectives:quantum supervised learning,quantum unsupervised learning,quantum reinforcement learning,and quantum deep learning.In an effort to address the limitations of smart cities,this article explores the formidable potential of quantum artificial intelligence in the realm of smart cities.It does so by examining aspects such as intelligent transportation,urban operation assurance,urban planning,and information communication,showcasing a plethora of practical achievements in the process.In the foreseeable future,Quantum Artificial Intelligence(QAI)is poised to bring about revolutionary development to smart cities.The urgency lies in developing quantum artificial intelligence algorithms that are compatible with quantum computers,constructing an efficient,stable,and adaptive hybrid computing architecture that integrates quantum and classical computing,preparing quantum data as needed,and advancing controllable qubit hardware equipment to meet actual demands.The ultimate goal is to shape the next generation of artificial intelligence that possesses common sense cognitive abilities,robustness,excellent generalization capabilities,and interpretability.展开更多
When a human body moves within the coverage range of Wi-Fi signals,the reflected Wi-Fi signals by the various parts of the human body change the propagation path,so analysis of the channel state data can achieve the p...When a human body moves within the coverage range of Wi-Fi signals,the reflected Wi-Fi signals by the various parts of the human body change the propagation path,so analysis of the channel state data can achieve the perception of the human motion.By extracting the Channel State Information(CSI)related to human motion from the Wi-Fi signals and analyzing it with the introduced machine learning classification algorithm,the human motion in the spatial environment can be perceived.On the basis of this theory,this paper proposed an algorithm of human behavior recognition based on CSI wireless sensing to realize deviceless and over-the-air slide turning.This algorithm collects the environmental information containing upward or downward wave in a conference room scene,uses the local outlier factor detection algorithm to segment the actions,and then the time domain features are extracted to train Support Vector Machine(SVM)and eXtreme Gradient Boosting(XGBoost)classification modules.The experimental results show that the average accuracy of the XGBoost module sensing slide flipping can reach 94%,and the SVM module can reach 89%,so the module could be extended to the field of smart classroom and significantly improve speech efficiency.展开更多
Currently,the challenge lies in the traditional intelligent algorithm’s ability to effectively address the e-hailing repositioning issue.Accurately identifying the underlying characteristics in extensive traffic data...Currently,the challenge lies in the traditional intelligent algorithm’s ability to effectively address the e-hailing repositioning issue.Accurately identifying the underlying characteristics in extensive traffic data within a limited timeframe is difficult,ultimately preventing the achievement of the most optimal solution.This paper suggests a hybrid computing architecture involving reinforcement learning and quantum annealing based on intuitive reasoning.Intuitive reasoning aims to enhance performance in scenarios with poor system robustness,complex tasks,and diverse goals.A deep learning model is constructed,trained to extract scene features,and combined with expert knowledge,then transformed into a quantum annealable form.The final strategy is obtained using a D-wave quantum computer with quantum tunneling effect,which helps in finding optimal solutions by jumping out of local suboptimal solutions.Based on 400000 real data,four algorithms are compared:minimum-cost flow,sequential markov decision process,hot-dot strategy,and driver-prefer strategy.The average total revenue increases by about 10%and vehicle utilization by about 15%in various scenarios.In summary,the proposed architecture effectively solves the e-hailing reposition problem,offering new directions for robust artificial intelligence in big data decision problems.展开更多
During the water splitting process for hydrogen production with metal hydroxide electrocatalysts,a selfreconstructing reaction occurring at low potential is the key to efficient operation.In this work,a Ni-Fe(OH)3 ele...During the water splitting process for hydrogen production with metal hydroxide electrocatalysts,a selfreconstructing reaction occurring at low potential is the key to efficient operation.In this work,a Ni-Fe(OH)3 electrocatalyst is designed,in which the built-in electric field formed at the heterojunction results in electron accumulation on Ni and facilitates the reconstruction of Fe(OH)3 into active FeOOH under a lower applied potential while maintaining structural stability.Triggered by the interfacial electron accumulation and structural reconstruction,the prepared Ni-Fe(OH)_(3) anchored on an iron-nickel-foam substrate shows an overpotential of just 453 mV that can drive an ampere level current of 1.0 A cm^(−2) in 1.0 M KOH mixed seawater,with remarkable stability for over 360 h.Density functional theory calculations suggest that the in situ reconstructed Ni-FeOOH enhances the adsorption behavior of intermediates and significantly reduces the energy barrier of the oxygen evolution reaction.These results underscore the great promise of engineering a built-in electric field in transition metal hydroxide catalysts for efficient hydrogen production via seawater oxidation.展开更多
基金funded by the Natural Science Foundation of China(No.21603109)the Henan Joint Fund of the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.U1404216)+1 种基金the Scientific Research Program Funded by Shaanxi Provincial Education Department(No.20JK0676)the Special Fund of Tianshui Normal University,China(No.CXJ2020-08)。
文摘To reduce the greenhouse effect caused by the surgery of nitrogen-oxides concentration in the atmosphere and develop a future energy carrier of renewables,it is very critical to develop more efficient,controllable,and highly sensitive catalytic materials.In our work,we proposed that nitric oxide(NO),as a supplement to N_(2) for the synthesis of ammonia,which is equipped with a lower barrier.And the study highlighted the potential of CeO_(2)(111)nanosheets with La doping and oxygen vacancy(OV)as a high-performance,controllable material for NO capture at the site of Vo site,and separation the process of hydrogenation.We also reported that the E_(ads) of-1.12 eV with horizontal adsorption and the Bader charge of N increasing of 0.53|e|and O increasing of 0.17|e|at the most active site of reduction-OV predicted.It is worth noting thatΔG of NORR(NO reduction reaction)shows good performance(thermodynamically spontaneous reaction)to synthesize ammonia and water at room temperature in the theoretical calculation.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(81701399 to X.H.,81801404 to L.X.and 81702561 to J.C.)Research Innovation Program for Graduates of Jiangsu Province to Y.S.(JX10413759)Maternal and Child Health Research Projects in Jiangsu Province,China to X.Y.(F201513).
文摘Intrauterine adhesion(IUA)is a common clinical endometrial disease,which can severely damage the fertility and quality of life in women.This study aims to find the differentially expressed endogenous peptides and their possible roles in IUA.Liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry was used to identify the peptidomic profiling of IUA tissues,and the differentially expressed peptides were screened out.Using real-time quantitative PCR,Western blotting,and immunocytochemistry staining,the function of six endogenous peptides was verified in vitro.It was found that peptide 6(T6)(peptide sequence:TFGGAPGFPLGSPLSSVFPR)could inhibit the expression of TGF-β1-induced cell fibrosis in human endometrial stromal cell line and primary human endometrial stromal cell at a concentration of 50μmol/L.This study provides new targets for further clarifying the formation and prevention of IUA.
基金The Eastern Pacific Ecoenvironment Monitoring and Protection Project under contract No.DY135-E2-5-02the Global Change and Air-sea Interaction II under contract No.GASI-01-NPAC-STsumthe Scientific Research Foundation of the Third Institute of Oceanography,Ministry of Natural Resources of China under contract No.2019017.
文摘This research investigated eight stations in Clarion-Clipperton Fracture Zone(CCFZ)in the eastern tropical Pacific in 2017 to study the spatial distribution characteristics of nutrients and chlorophyll a(Chi a)concentration,and compared nutrient concentrations and molar ratios with those of other investigations 20 years ago in the same area.The study found that dissolved inorganic nutrient(N,P and Si)concentrations were lowest in the upper layer,and increased from surface to some depths,then they decreased a little to the bottom.N was the limited nutrient factor for the growth of phytoplankton community.Although nutrient concentrations and molar ratios have no obvious changes in 2017 comparing those in 1998-2003,supplemented from the equatorial Pacific,nutrient concentrations in the study area were higher than those in seamounts in the North Pacific and Station ALOHA.Furthermore,this study used Generalized Additive Models(GAMs)to infer the underlying bottom-up factors controlling phytoplankton abundance(Chi a concentration),showing that depth,salinity and PO^-P concentration were major factors controlling the growth of phytoplankton community.Furthermore,this study can provide basic data and theoretical support for the development of polymetallic nodule area and its long-term impact assessment on the environment.
基金supported by grants from the National Key Research and Development Program of China(No.2021YFC2701405)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.82171614 and 82271656),Beijing Natural Science Foundation(No.7232125).
文摘To the Editor:Septate uterus is the most common congenital uterine malformation associated with an increased risk of miscarriage,preterm birth,and fetal malpresentation and reduced clinical pregnancy rates.The European classification defines septate uterus as having an internal fundal indentation exceeding 50%of the uterine wall thickness and an external indentation less than 50%of the uterine wall thickness.
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.12401324,12131001,12371259 and 12371260)National Key Research and Development Program of China(Grant No.2020YFA0714102).
文摘Subsampling plays a crucial role in enhancing the efficiency of Markov chain Monte Carlo(MCMC)algorithms.This paper presents a subsampling-based MCMC algorithm aimed at addressing the computational complexity challenges of traditional MCMC methods on large-scale datasets.The proposed approach significantly reduces computational costs by approximating the full data likelihood function using only a subset of the full data in each iteration.The subsampling process is guided by the fidelity to the full data,which is measured by the energy distance.The resulting algorithm,termed the energy distancebased subsampling MCMC(EDSS-MCMC),offers a flexible approach while maintaining the simplicity of the standard MCMC algorithm.Additionally,we provide an analysis of the invariant distribution generated by the EDSS-MCMC algorithm and quantify the total variation norm between this distribution and the target distribution.Numerical experiments demonstrate the outstanding performance of the proposed algorithm on large-scale datasets.Compared with the standard MCMC algorithm and other subsampling MCMC algorithms,the EDSS-MCMC algorithm exhibits advantages in terms of accuracy and computational speed.Therefore,the proposed algorithm holds practical significance in tasks involving large-scale dataset analysis and machine learning.
基金supported by the Program of Global Change and Mitigation,the Ministry of Science and Technology of China(Grant No.2023YFF0804704)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.42130604,42075049,42475051,42205055,41971108&41971021)+3 种基金the National Natural Science Foundation International(regional)Cooperation and Exchange Project(Grant No.42111530182)the Open Fund Project of State Key Laboratory of Loess and Quaternary Geology,Institute of Earth Environment,Chinese Academy of Sciences(Grant Nos.SKLLQG1930&SKLLQG1820)the Priority Academic Program Development of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions(Grant No.164320H116)the Jiangsu Graduate Research and Practice Innovation Program Project(Grant No.KYCX22_1582)。
文摘Generally,the interaction between the East Asian subtropical westerly jet(EASWJ)and the East Asian summer monsoon(EASM)is regarded as a critical dynamic factor in the evolution of precipitation patterns in China.Using simulation results from the transient climate evolution since the last glacial maximum,this study applies the multivariate empirical orthogonal function(MVEOF)analysis method to investigate the co-evolution relationships of the EASWJ and the EASM during the early,middle,and late Holocene,as well as their influence on precipitation patterns in China.The results indicate that all the first MVEOF modes in different time periods of the Holocene display an out-of-phase relationship in the intensity anomaly between the EASWJ and the EASM.However,the jet stream is wider and more tilted in the late Holocene.Under the influence of secondary circulations formed during their co-evolution,a north-south dipolar precipitation pattern in eastern China(“flood in the south and drought in the north”or“drought in the south and flood in the north”)and an east-west dipolar pattern in northern China(“wet in the west and dry in the east”or“wet in the east and dry in the west”)are found in the early and middle Holocene,while in the late Holocene a regionally-consistent precipitation pattern is witnessed across the whole region.In this mode,the precipitation in the middle and late Holocene is primarily dominated by trend changes.The second MVEOF mode reveals that the EASM weakens when the EASWJ shifts eastward and the jet steam axis shortens during the early Holocene,resulting in a north-south dipolar precipitation pattern in eastern China and a regionally-consistent pattern in northern China.In the middle Holocene,dipolar precipitation patterns are also observed in both eastern China and northern China when the EASWJ moves northward and the EASM strengthens,while the moisture condition in North China is less pronounced,and vice versa.In the late Holocene,the intensity anomalies of the EASWJ and the EASM exhibit an out-of-phase relationship in the temperate zone and an in-phase relationship in the subtropical zone,leading to a tripolar precipitation pattern in eastern China and a dipolar pattern in northern China.In this mode,the precipitation during the middle and late Holocene is primarily dominated by centennial oscillations.The precipitation patterns influenced by the co-evolution relationship between EASWJ and EASM correspond well with the reconstructed precipitation data,providing an explanation for the precipitation patterns observed in the reconstructed data from the perspective of dynamical mechanisms.
文摘Chinese lake status database has provided systematic geological records of much higher lake level and fresher water than today at the LGM from western China. This wet condition was significant contrast with very dry conditions in eastern China. Together with lake studies from Eurasian continents, there was a wet-condition belt from the Mediterranean and the Middle East, Central Asia to western China. Palaeoclimate simulations confirmed that the wet conditions in western China were produced by decrease of the evaporation and increase of precipitation by positive anomaly of annual P-E of 70-95 mm/a between the LGM and today. The westerlies enhanced in the strength and shifted southwards-eastwards in the position, and the low thermal conditions in the Eurasian continent creating temperature 4-16℃ lower than today and relatively low evaporation, were the major two important climate conditions to yield cold-wet climates in western China.
文摘IN recent years, much progress has been made in the research of the temporal and spatial changes of East Asian monsoon. To research the environmental evolution and monsoon variations in Holocene in the region of Southwest China, a 310-cm continuous lake sediments core in Erhai Lake, Yunnan Province was sampled with Livingston sampler on July 6, 1996. The lake sediments were separated at 2-cm intervals and the core samples were analyzed with chronology, stable isotope ratios of organic carbon and diatoms determination. Three <sup>14</sup>C ages are （4 473±40）a B.P. （98—102 cm）, （5 825±85） a B. P. （144—148 cm） and （7 754±45） a B.P. （198—202 cm）. By <sup>137</sup>Cs dating, the sedimentation rate is about 0.3 mm/a and this result is close to the <sup>14</sup>C dating results. The average sedimentation rates
文摘The study of the sediment of Core M1 from Jianghan Plain suggests that the sediment source of this area changed in the Holocene, which corresponds with the south moving of the Yangtze River. Since then, the sediment source has been mainly from the Hanshui River.
基金supported by a grant from the Non-profit Central Research Institute Fund of Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences(NO.2020-PT320-003)
文摘To the Editor:The septate uterus is the most common uterine anomaly and is associated with an increased risk of adverse reproductive outcomes.Transcervical resection of septum(TCRS)is widely performed in patients with adverse reproductive outcomes.The incidence of de novo intrauterine adhesions(IUAs)after TCRS is approximately 5%to 25%.[1]Various anti-adhesion methods are widely used in the clinical management of patients with septate uteri,including intrauterine devices,Foley balloons,estrogen,antibiotics,and hyaluronic acid gel.However,insufficient evidence supports or opposes any of these methods(Level C),[2]lacking high-grade evidence.
基金supported by the Special Zone Project of National Defense Innovation and the Science and Technology Program of Education Department of Jiangxi Province(No.GJJ171503).
文摘In order to solve the problems of road traffic congestion and the increasing parking time caused by the imbalance of parking lot supply and demand,this paper proposes an asymptotically optimal public parking lot location algorithm based on intuitive reasoning to optimize the parking lot location problem.Guided by the idea of intuitive reasoning,we use walking distance as indicator to measure the variability among location data and build a combinatorial optimization model aimed at guiding search decisions in the solution space of complex problems to find optimal solutions.First,Selective Attention Mechanism(SAM)is introduced to reduce the search space by adaptively focusing on the important information in the features.Then,Quantum Annealing(QA)algorithm with quantum tunneling effect is used to jump out of the local extremum in the search space with high probability and further approach the global optimal solution.Experiments on the parking lot location dataset in Luohu District,Shenzhen,show that the proposed method has improved the accuracy and running speed of the solution,and the asymptotic optimality of the algorithm and its effectiveness in solving the public parking lot location problem are verified.
基金The study was supported by National Key Research&Development Program of China(Grant No.2019YFD0901101)China Blue Bay Remediation Action Plan.The authors are grateful to Professor Niu Wentao and Dr.Yu Shuangen for their help with samples collection and Professor Du Jianguo for his help with species identification.
文摘Surrounded by emerging markets with considerable plastic consumption,the South China Sea has been a focus area of microplastic research.A survey on the floating microplastics(>0.3 mm)and microplastics ingested by fish and mollusks was conducted around three remote islands here.Compared with the results from several previous studies,a high abundance of floating microplastics(with a median of 1.9×10^(5)items/km^(2) or 0.7 items/m^(3))was observed,revealing another“hot spot”for microplastics.Polyolefin,especially polypropylene,was the main component.The diversity index and evenness index were calculated and evaluated based on the composition of microplastics.The characteristic peaks of Raman spectra concerning pigmented microplastics were provided.Transparent sheets/films were predominant in the water sample,which was quite different from a similar study in this sea area(8.9%for film),and only 16.4%of floating microplastics(>0.3 mm)were fibers/lines,implying that the main sources of floating microplastics(>0.3 mm)might be household/agricultural consumption activities.The transparent fiber/line was also dominant in organisms.It is suggested that the main sources of microplastics ingested by organisms might be both fabric fibers and fishing/aquaculture.
基金supported by the Special Zone Project of National Defense Innovation.
文摘This work is the first to determine that a real quantum computer(including generalized and specialized)can decipher million-scale RSA relying solely on quantum algorithms,showing the real attack potential of D-Wave machines.The influence of different column widths on RSA factorization results is studied on the basis of a multiplication table,and the optimal column method is determined by traversal experiments.The traversal experiment of integer factorization within 10000 shows that the local field and coupling coefficients are 75%–93%lower than the research of Shanghai University in 2020 and more than 85%lower than that of Purdue University in 2018.Extremely low Ising model parameters are crucial to reducing the hardware requirements,prompting factoring 1245407 on the D-Wave 2000Q real machine.D-Wave advantage already has more than 5000 qubits and will be expanded to 7000 qubits during 2023–2024,with remarkable improvements in decoherence and topology.This machine is expected to promote the solution of large-scale combinatorial optimization problems.One of the contributions of this paper is the discussion of the long-term impact of D-Wave on the development of post-quantum cryptography standards.
文摘The intelligent transportation system(ITS)integrates a variety of advanced science and technology to support and monitor road traffic systems and accelerate the urbanization process of various countries.This paper analyzes the shortcomings of ITS,introduces the principle of quantum computing and the performance of universal quantum computer and special-purpose quantum computer,and shows how to use quantum advantages to improve the existing ITS.The application of quantum computer in transportation field is reviewed from three application directions:path planning,transportation operation management,and transportation facility layout.Due to the slow development of the current universal quantum computer,the D-Wave quantum machine is used as a breakthrough in the practical application.This paper makes it clear that quantum computing is a powerful tool to promote the development of ITS,emphasizes the importance and necessity of introducing quantum computing into intelligent transportation,and discusses the possible development direction in the future.
文摘The rapid accumulation of big data in the Internet era has gradually decelerated the progress of Artificial Intelligence(AI).As Moore’s Law approaches its limit,it is imperative to break the constraints that are holding back artificial intelligence.Quantum computing and artificial intelligence have been advancing along the highway of human civilization for many years,emerging as new engines driving economic and social development.This article delves into the integration of quantum computing and artificial intelligence in both research and application.It introduces the capabilities of both universal quantum computers and special-purpose quantum computers that leverage quantum effects.The discussion further explores how quantum computing enhances classical artificial intelligence from four perspectives:quantum supervised learning,quantum unsupervised learning,quantum reinforcement learning,and quantum deep learning.In an effort to address the limitations of smart cities,this article explores the formidable potential of quantum artificial intelligence in the realm of smart cities.It does so by examining aspects such as intelligent transportation,urban operation assurance,urban planning,and information communication,showcasing a plethora of practical achievements in the process.In the foreseeable future,Quantum Artificial Intelligence(QAI)is poised to bring about revolutionary development to smart cities.The urgency lies in developing quantum artificial intelligence algorithms that are compatible with quantum computers,constructing an efficient,stable,and adaptive hybrid computing architecture that integrates quantum and classical computing,preparing quantum data as needed,and advancing controllable qubit hardware equipment to meet actual demands.The ultimate goal is to shape the next generation of artificial intelligence that possesses common sense cognitive abilities,robustness,excellent generalization capabilities,and interpretability.
基金supported by the Special Zone Project of National Defense Innovation.
文摘When a human body moves within the coverage range of Wi-Fi signals,the reflected Wi-Fi signals by the various parts of the human body change the propagation path,so analysis of the channel state data can achieve the perception of the human motion.By extracting the Channel State Information(CSI)related to human motion from the Wi-Fi signals and analyzing it with the introduced machine learning classification algorithm,the human motion in the spatial environment can be perceived.On the basis of this theory,this paper proposed an algorithm of human behavior recognition based on CSI wireless sensing to realize deviceless and over-the-air slide turning.This algorithm collects the environmental information containing upward or downward wave in a conference room scene,uses the local outlier factor detection algorithm to segment the actions,and then the time domain features are extracted to train Support Vector Machine(SVM)and eXtreme Gradient Boosting(XGBoost)classification modules.The experimental results show that the average accuracy of the XGBoost module sensing slide flipping can reach 94%,and the SVM module can reach 89%,so the module could be extended to the field of smart classroom and significantly improve speech efficiency.
基金sponsored by the Chinese Association for Artificial Intelligence-Huawei MindSpore Open Fund.
文摘Currently,the challenge lies in the traditional intelligent algorithm’s ability to effectively address the e-hailing repositioning issue.Accurately identifying the underlying characteristics in extensive traffic data within a limited timeframe is difficult,ultimately preventing the achievement of the most optimal solution.This paper suggests a hybrid computing architecture involving reinforcement learning and quantum annealing based on intuitive reasoning.Intuitive reasoning aims to enhance performance in scenarios with poor system robustness,complex tasks,and diverse goals.A deep learning model is constructed,trained to extract scene features,and combined with expert knowledge,then transformed into a quantum annealable form.The final strategy is obtained using a D-wave quantum computer with quantum tunneling effect,which helps in finding optimal solutions by jumping out of local suboptimal solutions.Based on 400000 real data,four algorithms are compared:minimum-cost flow,sequential markov decision process,hot-dot strategy,and driver-prefer strategy.The average total revenue increases by about 10%and vehicle utilization by about 15%in various scenarios.In summary,the proposed architecture effectively solves the e-hailing reposition problem,offering new directions for robust artificial intelligence in big data decision problems.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.21772152)the Key Research and Development Program of Shaanxi(2025CY-YBXM-029 and 2025CY-YBXM-033).
文摘During the water splitting process for hydrogen production with metal hydroxide electrocatalysts,a selfreconstructing reaction occurring at low potential is the key to efficient operation.In this work,a Ni-Fe(OH)3 electrocatalyst is designed,in which the built-in electric field formed at the heterojunction results in electron accumulation on Ni and facilitates the reconstruction of Fe(OH)3 into active FeOOH under a lower applied potential while maintaining structural stability.Triggered by the interfacial electron accumulation and structural reconstruction,the prepared Ni-Fe(OH)_(3) anchored on an iron-nickel-foam substrate shows an overpotential of just 453 mV that can drive an ampere level current of 1.0 A cm^(−2) in 1.0 M KOH mixed seawater,with remarkable stability for over 360 h.Density functional theory calculations suggest that the in situ reconstructed Ni-FeOOH enhances the adsorption behavior of intermediates and significantly reduces the energy barrier of the oxygen evolution reaction.These results underscore the great promise of engineering a built-in electric field in transition metal hydroxide catalysts for efficient hydrogen production via seawater oxidation.
