With the ongoing COVID-19,a significant increase in global depression rates has placed a considerable strain on healthcare systems.Conventional pharmaceutical methods have shown limitations in treating this rise in de...With the ongoing COVID-19,a significant increase in global depression rates has placed a considerable strain on healthcare systems.Conventional pharmaceutical methods have shown limitations in treating this rise in depression.Therefore,identifying new potential treatments for depression is crucial.Maintaining a balanced gut microbiota is vital for human health and immune system function due to its complex bidirectional relationship with the brain.Numerous studies have established a robust correlation between anxiety and depression disorders,as well as the composition of microbial communities in the gastrointestinal tract,providing a fresh perspective.Adjusting the balance of gut microbiota may help alleviate depression symptoms.Probiotics,live microorganisms in the human gut,can improve the microbial community,help maintain homeostasis and stress resilience to remission in patients with depression.It is essential to explore how probiotics affect gut microbiota since their impact can differ between animal experiments and clinical trials.The variation in results may be attributed to factors like the probiotic type,administered dosage,and treatment duration.The purpose of this review is to summarize the potential mechanisms by which probiotics affect gut microbiota,drawing from recent animal and clinical studies and observations on gut microbial ecology shifts.Additionally,this review will spotlight effective probiotic species for depression relief and discuss treatments centered on restoring gut microbial balance.Furthermore,it will also discuss the potential of probiotics on host microbiota in other organs to improve depressive symptoms and demonstrate the transient nature of the need for a more nuanced understanding of the safety and potential adverse effects of probiotics.展开更多
Fluorescence imaging through the second near-infrared window(NIR-Ⅱ,1000–1700 nm) allows in-depth imaging.However, current imaging systems use wide-field illumination and can only provide low-contrast 2D information,...Fluorescence imaging through the second near-infrared window(NIR-Ⅱ,1000–1700 nm) allows in-depth imaging.However, current imaging systems use wide-field illumination and can only provide low-contrast 2D information, without depth resolution. Here, we systematically apply a light-sheet illumination, a time-gated detection, and a deep-learning algorithm to yield high-contrast high-resolution volumetric images. To achieve a large Fo V(field of view) and minimize the scattering effect, we generate a light sheet as thin as 100.5 μm with a Rayleigh length of 8 mm to yield an axial resolution of 220 μm. To further suppress the background, we time-gate to only detect long lifetime luminescence achieving a high contrast of up to 0.45 Icontrast. To enhance the resolution, we develop an algorithm based on profile protrusions detection and a deep neural network and distinguish vasculature from a low-contrast area of 0.07 Icontrast to resolve the 100μm small vessels. The system can rapidly scan a volume of view of 75 × 55 × 20 mm3and collect 750 images within 6mins. By adding a scattering-based modality to acquire the 3D surface profile of the mice skin, we reveal the whole volumetric vasculature network with clear depth resolution within more than 1 mm from the skin. High-contrast large-scale 3D animal imaging helps us expand a new dimension in NIR-Ⅱ imaging.展开更多
Marine natural products offer a promising source in the development of new antibiotic drugs.Two previously undescribed compounds,including one sulfur-bearing alkaloid named quinosumycin(1)along with one chromone deriv...Marine natural products offer a promising source in the development of new antibiotic drugs.Two previously undescribed compounds,including one sulfur-bearing alkaloid named quinosumycin(1)along with one chromone derivative namely chromycone(2),were discovered from an ethyl acetate(EtOAc)extract of marine Streptomyces diastaticus NBU2966 through a bioactivity-guided isolation prioritized for antimicrobial potential.The analysis of nuclear magnetic resonance(NMR)spectroscopy,high resolution electrospray ionization mass spectroscopy(HRESIMS)data,and electronic circular dichroism(ECD)calculations enabled the elucidation of their structures and the determination of their absolute configurations.Quinosumycin(1)is the first heterodimer scaffold incorporating quinolinone and quinazolinone motifs coupled by a thioether bond.Interestingly,Compound 1 exhibited a relatively selective growth inhibition against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus(MRSA)with the minimal inhibitory concentration(MIC)value of 8μg/mL.展开更多
Unlike the European Union emission trade system(EU ETS), China s pilot ETSs implemented diversified policy designs instead of using a uniform framework. Variance ratio test is used to evaluate the Efficient Market Hyp...Unlike the European Union emission trade system(EU ETS), China s pilot ETSs implemented diversified policy designs instead of using a uniform framework. Variance ratio test is used to evaluate the Efficient Market Hypothesis(EMH) in China's carbon trading markets. The results of two versions of variance ratio tests indicate that the carbon trading market in Hubei is considered weak form efficient, and the socialist market economy does not necessarily lead to market inefficiency in carbon trading markets. Thin trading activities generate market frictions and bias the Efficient Market Hypothesis(EMH) tests.展开更多
基金financially supported by National Natural Science Youth Fund of China(32302107)Guangdong Seed Industry Revitalization Project(2022-WPY-00-008).
文摘With the ongoing COVID-19,a significant increase in global depression rates has placed a considerable strain on healthcare systems.Conventional pharmaceutical methods have shown limitations in treating this rise in depression.Therefore,identifying new potential treatments for depression is crucial.Maintaining a balanced gut microbiota is vital for human health and immune system function due to its complex bidirectional relationship with the brain.Numerous studies have established a robust correlation between anxiety and depression disorders,as well as the composition of microbial communities in the gastrointestinal tract,providing a fresh perspective.Adjusting the balance of gut microbiota may help alleviate depression symptoms.Probiotics,live microorganisms in the human gut,can improve the microbial community,help maintain homeostasis and stress resilience to remission in patients with depression.It is essential to explore how probiotics affect gut microbiota since their impact can differ between animal experiments and clinical trials.The variation in results may be attributed to factors like the probiotic type,administered dosage,and treatment duration.The purpose of this review is to summarize the potential mechanisms by which probiotics affect gut microbiota,drawing from recent animal and clinical studies and observations on gut microbial ecology shifts.Additionally,this review will spotlight effective probiotic species for depression relief and discuss treatments centered on restoring gut microbial balance.Furthermore,it will also discuss the potential of probiotics on host microbiota in other organs to improve depressive symptoms and demonstrate the transient nature of the need for a more nuanced understanding of the safety and potential adverse effects of probiotics.
基金Technology Program(KQTD20170810110913065,20200925174735005)National Natural Science Foundation of China(62005116,51720105015)Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Biomaterials(2022B1212010003).
文摘Fluorescence imaging through the second near-infrared window(NIR-Ⅱ,1000–1700 nm) allows in-depth imaging.However, current imaging systems use wide-field illumination and can only provide low-contrast 2D information, without depth resolution. Here, we systematically apply a light-sheet illumination, a time-gated detection, and a deep-learning algorithm to yield high-contrast high-resolution volumetric images. To achieve a large Fo V(field of view) and minimize the scattering effect, we generate a light sheet as thin as 100.5 μm with a Rayleigh length of 8 mm to yield an axial resolution of 220 μm. To further suppress the background, we time-gate to only detect long lifetime luminescence achieving a high contrast of up to 0.45 Icontrast. To enhance the resolution, we develop an algorithm based on profile protrusions detection and a deep neural network and distinguish vasculature from a low-contrast area of 0.07 Icontrast to resolve the 100μm small vessels. The system can rapidly scan a volume of view of 75 × 55 × 20 mm3and collect 750 images within 6mins. By adding a scattering-based modality to acquire the 3D surface profile of the mice skin, we reveal the whole volumetric vasculature network with clear depth resolution within more than 1 mm from the skin. High-contrast large-scale 3D animal imaging helps us expand a new dimension in NIR-Ⅱ imaging.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.42176101)the Ningbo Youth Science and Technology Innovation Leading Project(No.2024QL063)+2 种基金the National 111 Project of China(No.D16013)the Scientific Research Fund of Zhejiang Provincial Education Department(No.Y202250186)the Li Dak Sum Yip Yio Chin Kenneth Li Marine Biopharmaceutical Development Fund。
文摘Marine natural products offer a promising source in the development of new antibiotic drugs.Two previously undescribed compounds,including one sulfur-bearing alkaloid named quinosumycin(1)along with one chromone derivative namely chromycone(2),were discovered from an ethyl acetate(EtOAc)extract of marine Streptomyces diastaticus NBU2966 through a bioactivity-guided isolation prioritized for antimicrobial potential.The analysis of nuclear magnetic resonance(NMR)spectroscopy,high resolution electrospray ionization mass spectroscopy(HRESIMS)data,and electronic circular dichroism(ECD)calculations enabled the elucidation of their structures and the determination of their absolute configurations.Quinosumycin(1)is the first heterodimer scaffold incorporating quinolinone and quinazolinone motifs coupled by a thioether bond.Interestingly,Compound 1 exhibited a relatively selective growth inhibition against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus(MRSA)with the minimal inhibitory concentration(MIC)value of 8μg/mL.
基金supported by National Social Science Fund Project[grant Number:15ZDA015]Ministry of Education Research Project[grant Number:16JJD790018]
文摘Unlike the European Union emission trade system(EU ETS), China s pilot ETSs implemented diversified policy designs instead of using a uniform framework. Variance ratio test is used to evaluate the Efficient Market Hypothesis(EMH) in China's carbon trading markets. The results of two versions of variance ratio tests indicate that the carbon trading market in Hubei is considered weak form efficient, and the socialist market economy does not necessarily lead to market inefficiency in carbon trading markets. Thin trading activities generate market frictions and bias the Efficient Market Hypothesis(EMH) tests.
