The aim of the present systematic review is to summarize the existing knowledge about the human microbiota in the elderly and the effects of probiotics in elderly population. The elderly subjects, compared to adult po...The aim of the present systematic review is to summarize the existing knowledge about the human microbiota in the elderly and the effects of probiotics in elderly population. The elderly subjects, compared to adult population, show a reduction in the diversity of the microbiota, characterized by a large interindividual variability, with lower numbers of Firmicutes, Bifidobacteria, Clostridium cluster XIV, Faecalibacterium Prausnitzii, Blautia coccoides-Eubacterium rectal and higher presence of Enterobacteriaceae and Bacteroidetes. These differences of the intestinal microbiota of the elderly may not necessarily be caused by aging, but they could be associated with the decline of the general state of health with malnutrition and with increased need for medication, such as antibiotics and nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs, situations that occur frequently in the elderly. Differences have been demonstrated in the composition of the microbiota between healthy elderly subjects and hospitalized or institutionalized elderly subjects. These findings which further indicates that the living conditions, health status, nutrition and drugs have a significant effect on the composition of the microbiota. According to the available knowledge, the use of probiotics is safe and could represent an useful intervention to prevent or treat antibioticassociated diarrhea, in addition to reducing the severity of symptoms, other than to help the management of constipation.展开更多
BACKGROUND The scientific literature provides evidence that nutritional ketosis can be an important support in the treatment of pathologies in which inflammation is present,as recent studies have shown that ketone bod...BACKGROUND The scientific literature provides evidence that nutritional ketosis can be an important support in the treatment of pathologies in which inflammation is present,as recent studies have shown that ketone bodies have anti-inflammatory activity in numerous diseases,including rheumatic diseases.We report the case of a 22-year-old woman with class I obesity and juvenile idiopathic arthritis who started treatment with a very low calorie ketogenic diet(VLCKD).CASE SUMMARY The patient was a 22-year-old woman diagnosed with juvenile idiopathic arthritis at age 4 years and with a body mass index(BMI)of 30.8 kg/m2,waist circumference(WC)80 cm,fat mass(FM)28.1 kg,free FM 45.7 kg,and visceral adipose tissue(VAT)3.5 kg,assessed on bioimpedance analysis.She was treated using a commercial VLCKD weight-loss program(PNK®method);this program provides high-biological-value protein preparations and natural foods.Each protein preparation contains 15 g protein,4 g carbohydrate,3 g fat,and 50 mg omega-3 docosahexaenoic acid,with an energy content of 90–120 kcal.After four months on the program,the BMI was 28.6 kg/m2,WC 73 cm,FM 23.2 kg,free FM 41.9 kg,and VAT 2.9 kg.CONCLUSION VLCKD enabled the patient to reach her target weight and to reduce her joint pain and headaches.Laboratory inflammatory indices also normalized.展开更多
The usage of dietary supplements(DS)is a global trend that is likely influenced by sociodemographic variables and body weight status.Some individuals utilize supplements in the hopes that they may enhance their health...The usage of dietary supplements(DS)is a global trend that is likely influenced by sociodemographic variables and body weight status.Some individuals utilize supplements in the hopes that they may enhance their health and prevent illness.Main objective of this study is to assess knowledge and awareness about using DS among Bahraini adults.This cross-sectional study was conducted using snowball sampling method,in which an electronic self-administrative questionnaire was used to collect information from 582 eligible participants.Data about socio-demographic characteristics,anthropometric measurements,knowledge,awareness,and attitudes toward using DS was collected from each participant.Prevalence of DS use was high(59.3%)and most of users were females.Most DS users(87.5%)thought that DS are safe(P<0.001).The DS users were significantly more likely than non-users to believe that DS can prevent and treat chronic and communicable diseases,as well as the DS having side effects(P<0.05).The most frequently consumed DS were vitamin D(29.5%)and vitamin C(26.4%).The main purpose of using DS among the DS users was to treat nutrient deficiency and around 60%of them used DS based on physician’s prescription.In conclusion,the using of DS was highly prevalent among younger adult females with normal body weight.The findings of this study emphasize the need for implementing public educational programs about safe and proper use of DS.展开更多
文摘The aim of the present systematic review is to summarize the existing knowledge about the human microbiota in the elderly and the effects of probiotics in elderly population. The elderly subjects, compared to adult population, show a reduction in the diversity of the microbiota, characterized by a large interindividual variability, with lower numbers of Firmicutes, Bifidobacteria, Clostridium cluster XIV, Faecalibacterium Prausnitzii, Blautia coccoides-Eubacterium rectal and higher presence of Enterobacteriaceae and Bacteroidetes. These differences of the intestinal microbiota of the elderly may not necessarily be caused by aging, but they could be associated with the decline of the general state of health with malnutrition and with increased need for medication, such as antibiotics and nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs, situations that occur frequently in the elderly. Differences have been demonstrated in the composition of the microbiota between healthy elderly subjects and hospitalized or institutionalized elderly subjects. These findings which further indicates that the living conditions, health status, nutrition and drugs have a significant effect on the composition of the microbiota. According to the available knowledge, the use of probiotics is safe and could represent an useful intervention to prevent or treat antibioticassociated diarrhea, in addition to reducing the severity of symptoms, other than to help the management of constipation.
文摘BACKGROUND The scientific literature provides evidence that nutritional ketosis can be an important support in the treatment of pathologies in which inflammation is present,as recent studies have shown that ketone bodies have anti-inflammatory activity in numerous diseases,including rheumatic diseases.We report the case of a 22-year-old woman with class I obesity and juvenile idiopathic arthritis who started treatment with a very low calorie ketogenic diet(VLCKD).CASE SUMMARY The patient was a 22-year-old woman diagnosed with juvenile idiopathic arthritis at age 4 years and with a body mass index(BMI)of 30.8 kg/m2,waist circumference(WC)80 cm,fat mass(FM)28.1 kg,free FM 45.7 kg,and visceral adipose tissue(VAT)3.5 kg,assessed on bioimpedance analysis.She was treated using a commercial VLCKD weight-loss program(PNK®method);this program provides high-biological-value protein preparations and natural foods.Each protein preparation contains 15 g protein,4 g carbohydrate,3 g fat,and 50 mg omega-3 docosahexaenoic acid,with an energy content of 90–120 kcal.After four months on the program,the BMI was 28.6 kg/m2,WC 73 cm,FM 23.2 kg,free FM 41.9 kg,and VAT 2.9 kg.CONCLUSION VLCKD enabled the patient to reach her target weight and to reduce her joint pain and headaches.Laboratory inflammatory indices also normalized.
文摘The usage of dietary supplements(DS)is a global trend that is likely influenced by sociodemographic variables and body weight status.Some individuals utilize supplements in the hopes that they may enhance their health and prevent illness.Main objective of this study is to assess knowledge and awareness about using DS among Bahraini adults.This cross-sectional study was conducted using snowball sampling method,in which an electronic self-administrative questionnaire was used to collect information from 582 eligible participants.Data about socio-demographic characteristics,anthropometric measurements,knowledge,awareness,and attitudes toward using DS was collected from each participant.Prevalence of DS use was high(59.3%)and most of users were females.Most DS users(87.5%)thought that DS are safe(P<0.001).The DS users were significantly more likely than non-users to believe that DS can prevent and treat chronic and communicable diseases,as well as the DS having side effects(P<0.05).The most frequently consumed DS were vitamin D(29.5%)and vitamin C(26.4%).The main purpose of using DS among the DS users was to treat nutrient deficiency and around 60%of them used DS based on physician’s prescription.In conclusion,the using of DS was highly prevalent among younger adult females with normal body weight.The findings of this study emphasize the need for implementing public educational programs about safe and proper use of DS.
