With the rapid development of energy storage technology,solid-state lithium batteries with high energy density,power density,and safety are considered as the ideal choice for the next generation of energy storage devi...With the rapid development of energy storage technology,solid-state lithium batteries with high energy density,power density,and safety are considered as the ideal choice for the next generation of energy storage devices.Solid electrolytes have attracted considerable attention as key components of solid-state batteries.Compared with inorganic solid electrolytes,solid polymer electrolytes have better flexibility,machinability,and more importantly,better contact with the electrode,and low interfacial impedance.However,its low ionic conductivity,narrow electrochemical stability window(ESW),and poor mechanical properties at room temperature limit its development and practical applications.In recent years,many studies have focused on improving the ionic conductivity of polymer electrolytes;however,few systematic studies and reviews have been conducted on their ESWs.A polymer electrolyte with wide electrochemical window will aid battery operation at a high voltage,which can effectively improve their energy density.Moreover,their stability toward lithium metal anode is also important.Therefore,this review summarizes the recent progress of solid polymer electrolytes on the ESW,discusses the factors affecting ESW of polymer electrolytes,and analyzes a strategy to broaden the window from the perspective of molecular interaction,polymer structural design,and interfacial tuning.The development trends of polymer electrolytes with wide electrochemical windows are also presented.展开更多
Lithium-ion batteries(LIBs)are pivotal in modern energy storage systems,yet their safety and longevity are critically threatened by several abuses.The over-discharge is overlooked in extreme operational conditions.Ove...Lithium-ion batteries(LIBs)are pivotal in modern energy storage systems,yet their safety and longevity are critically threatened by several abuses.The over-discharge is overlooked in extreme operational conditions.Over-discharge in LIBs poses significant threats to performance and safety,inducing irreversible structural and electrochemical degradation.Key mechanisms include solid electrolyte interphase(SEI)layer breakdown,copper dissolution,and dendrite-induced internal short circuits,which accelerate capacity fade and thermal runaway risks.This review systematically analyzes these degradation pathways and evaluates mitigation strategies,such as voltage cutoff circuits,advanced battery management systems(BMS),and innovative protection strategies at the material level,like prelithiation and artificial SEI layers.The work also identifies gaps in current research,advocating for improved predictive models and industrial-scale solutions to address over-discharge challenges in next-generation energy storage systems.展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.U21A20170,21875284 and 22075320)the Ministry of Science and Technology of China(No.2021YFB2501900,2019YFE0100200 and 2019YFA0705703)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(FRF-MP-20-28).
文摘With the rapid development of energy storage technology,solid-state lithium batteries with high energy density,power density,and safety are considered as the ideal choice for the next generation of energy storage devices.Solid electrolytes have attracted considerable attention as key components of solid-state batteries.Compared with inorganic solid electrolytes,solid polymer electrolytes have better flexibility,machinability,and more importantly,better contact with the electrode,and low interfacial impedance.However,its low ionic conductivity,narrow electrochemical stability window(ESW),and poor mechanical properties at room temperature limit its development and practical applications.In recent years,many studies have focused on improving the ionic conductivity of polymer electrolytes;however,few systematic studies and reviews have been conducted on their ESWs.A polymer electrolyte with wide electrochemical window will aid battery operation at a high voltage,which can effectively improve their energy density.Moreover,their stability toward lithium metal anode is also important.Therefore,this review summarizes the recent progress of solid polymer electrolytes on the ESW,discusses the factors affecting ESW of polymer electrolytes,and analyzes a strategy to broaden the window from the perspective of molecular interaction,polymer structural design,and interfacial tuning.The development trends of polymer electrolytes with wide electrochemical windows are also presented.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.U21A20170 and 22279070)National Key Research and Development Program of China(Nos.2021YFB2501900 and 2019YFA0705703)+3 种基金Beijing Natural Science Foundation(No.L242005)Engineering Research Center of Alternative Energy Materials&Devices,Ministry of Education(No.AEMDKF202502)the Key Laboratory of Green Extraction&Efficient Utilization of Light Rare-Earth Resources,Ministry of Education(No.KLRE-KF-005)Key Laboratory of Ionic Rare Earth Resources and Environment,Ministry of Natural Resources of the People’s Republic of China(No.2024IRERE301).
文摘Lithium-ion batteries(LIBs)are pivotal in modern energy storage systems,yet their safety and longevity are critically threatened by several abuses.The over-discharge is overlooked in extreme operational conditions.Over-discharge in LIBs poses significant threats to performance and safety,inducing irreversible structural and electrochemical degradation.Key mechanisms include solid electrolyte interphase(SEI)layer breakdown,copper dissolution,and dendrite-induced internal short circuits,which accelerate capacity fade and thermal runaway risks.This review systematically analyzes these degradation pathways and evaluates mitigation strategies,such as voltage cutoff circuits,advanced battery management systems(BMS),and innovative protection strategies at the material level,like prelithiation and artificial SEI layers.The work also identifies gaps in current research,advocating for improved predictive models and industrial-scale solutions to address over-discharge challenges in next-generation energy storage systems.
