This paper provides a comprehensive overview of the latest stable release of the graphics processing units molecular dynamics(GPUMD)package,GPUMD 4.0.We begin with a brief review of its development history,starting fr...This paper provides a comprehensive overview of the latest stable release of the graphics processing units molecular dynamics(GPUMD)package,GPUMD 4.0.We begin with a brief review of its development history,starting from the initial version.We then discuss the theoretical foundations for the development of the GPUMD package,including the formulations of the interatomic force,virial and heat current for many-body potentials,the development of the highly efficient and flexible neuroevolution potential(NEP)method,the supported integrators and related operations,the various physical properties that can be calculated on the fly,and the GPUMD ecosystem.After presenting these functionalities,we review a range of applications enabled by GPUMD,particularly in combination with the NEP approach.Finally,we outline possible future development directions for GPUMD.展开更多
Aluminum,as the most abundant metallic elemental content in the Earth's crust,usually exists in the form of alumina(Al_(2)O_(3)).However,the oxidation state of aluminum and the crystal structures of aluminum oxide...Aluminum,as the most abundant metallic elemental content in the Earth's crust,usually exists in the form of alumina(Al_(2)O_(3)).However,the oxidation state of aluminum and the crystal structures of aluminum oxides in the pressure range of planetary interiors are not well established.展开更多
基金supported by the National Science and Technology Advanced Materials Major Program of China(No.2024ZD0606900)W.Ouyang acknowledges the financial support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.12472099)+10 种基金the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(No.2042025kf0050)S.Pan,Y.Wang,J.Shi,Z.Liang,J.Wang,and J.Sun acknowledge the financial support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.12125404,T2495231,and 123B2049)the Basic Research Program of Jiangsu(Nos.BK20233001 and BK20241253)the Jiangsu Funding Program for Excellent Postdoctoral Talent(Nos.2024ZB002 and 2024ZB075)the Postdoctoral Fellowship Program of CPSF(No.GZC20240695)the AI&AI for the Science Program of Nanjing University,and the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities,as well as the computational resources provided by the High Performance Computing Center of Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures and the highperformance supercomputing center of Nanjing University.P.Guan acknowledges the financial support by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.T2325004)E.Lindgren,T.Hainer,L.Svensson.,J.Wiktor,E.Berger,and P.Erhart gratefully acknowledge funding from the Swedish Foundation for Strategic Research(GSn15-0008 and FFL21-0129)the Swedish Research Council(Nos.2020-04935 and 2021-05072)the Knut and Alice Wallenberg Foundation(Nos.2023.0032 and 2024.0042)the European Research Council(ERC Starting Grant No.101162195)as well as computational resources provided by the National Academic Infrastructure for Supercomputing in Sweden at NSC,PDC,and C3SE partially funded by the Swedish Research Council through grant agreement no.2022-06725,as well as the Berzelius resource provided by the Knut and Alice Wallenberg Foundation at NSC.T.A-N.and Y.W.have been supported in part by the Academy of Finland through its QTF Center of Excellence program(project no.312298)European Union-NextGenerationEU instrument grant 353298.Computational resources by the CSC IT Center for Finland and the Aalto Science-IT are also gratefully acknowledged.
文摘This paper provides a comprehensive overview of the latest stable release of the graphics processing units molecular dynamics(GPUMD)package,GPUMD 4.0.We begin with a brief review of its development history,starting from the initial version.We then discuss the theoretical foundations for the development of the GPUMD package,including the formulations of the interatomic force,virial and heat current for many-body potentials,the development of the highly efficient and flexible neuroevolution potential(NEP)method,the supported integrators and related operations,the various physical properties that can be calculated on the fly,and the GPUMD ecosystem.After presenting these functionalities,we review a range of applications enabled by GPUMD,particularly in combination with the NEP approach.Finally,we outline possible future development directions for GPUMD.
基金J.S.gratefully acknowledges the financial support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(grant nos.12125404,11974162,and 11834006)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities。
文摘Aluminum,as the most abundant metallic elemental content in the Earth's crust,usually exists in the form of alumina(Al_(2)O_(3)).However,the oxidation state of aluminum and the crystal structures of aluminum oxides in the pressure range of planetary interiors are not well established.
