Objective This study aimed to evaluate whether cardiac rehabilitation with a technology-assisted personalized exercise prescription is superior to traditional remote home-based rehabilitation in improving cardiorespir...Objective This study aimed to evaluate whether cardiac rehabilitation with a technology-assisted personalized exercise prescription is superior to traditional remote home-based rehabilitation in improving cardiorespiratory endurance and quality of life in postoperative patients.Methods From October 2022 to April 2024,62 patients who underwent percutaneous coronary intervention for coronary heart disease were recruited from a tertiary hospital in Beijing and randomly assigned to either an intervention group or a control group.After baseline assessments of cardiorespiratory endurance and exercise function,the intervention group received a digitalized personalized exercise prescription combined with remote monitoring rehabilitation.This included an exercise prescription delivered via a mobile application,weekly remote monitoring sessions with an exercise therapist to supervise prescription adherence,provide feedback based on real-time electrocardiographic data,and make personalized adjustments to the exercise prescription based on this information.The control group received an application-delivered exercise movement library and a wearable electrocardiogram device for self-monitoring of exercise intensity.Both groups underwent the 12-week intervention.Changes in maximal oxygen uptake and quality of life were evaluated at enrollment,as well as at 4 weeks,12 weeks,and 24 weeks after the intervention commenced.Results A total of 58 participants completed the study(the intervention group[n=30],the control group[n=28]).Twelve weeks after the interventions,the intervention group showed statistically improvements in VO2AT(Z=2.247,P=0.025),general health(Z=2.126,P=0.033)and social functioning(Z=3.349,P=0.001)compared to the control group.At 24 weeks of follow-up,the intervention group continued to exhibit statistically significant improvements in VO2AT(Z=2.017,P=0.044)and social functioning(Z=3.126,P=0.002).The exercise duration of patients in the intervention group during the exercise test was significantly prolonged at both 4 weeks(Z=−2.420,P=0.021),12 weeks(Z=−2.240,P=0.029)and 24weeks(Z=−2.300,P=0.025)showing statistically significant differences compared to the control group.Conclusions This study provides new evidence-based support for the practical effectiveness of nurses acting as supervisors of rehabilitation implementation and coordinators of multidisciplinary teams within a remote digital cardiac rehabilitation model,underscoring their significant value in the secondary prevention management system for cardiovascular diseases in the information era.展开更多
The development of photocatalysts that combine high efficiency,durability,and visible-light responsiveness remains a central challenge for solar-to-hydrogen conversion.In a recent study,Cabrero-Antonino et al.report a...The development of photocatalysts that combine high efficiency,durability,and visible-light responsiveness remains a central challenge for solar-to-hydrogen conversion.In a recent study,Cabrero-Antonino et al.report a 2D/2D Schottky heterojunction constructed from ultrasmall Cu_(2)[CuTCPP]MOF nanosheets and conductive Ti_(3)C_(2)MXene.This hybrid interface generates a built-in interfacial electric field that promotes directional charge transfer,suppresses recombination,and significantly prolongs carrier lifetimes,as evidenced by femtosecond transient absorption spectroscopy.The MXene component not only functions as a hole acceptor to improve charge separation but also mitigates photooxidative degradation of the MOF,thereby enhancing long-term stability.The optimized heterojunction achieves a hydrogen evolution rate exceeding 5000μmol g^(-1)under visible light,nearly 20 times higher than that of pristine MOF,with notable operational durability.These findings demonstrate the critical role of interfacial engineering in achieving synergistic charge dynamics across hybrid architectures.The work provides a scalable,sustainable strategy for noble-metalfree photocatalysis,offering valuable insights for the rational design of next-generation systems for water splitting,CO_(2)reduction,and solar-driven chemical transformations.展开更多
Human enterovirus A71(EV-A71)is a major causative agent of hand,foot and mouth disease(HFMD),which poses a significant public health threat,particularly among young children.Mitochondrial antiviral signaling protein(M...Human enterovirus A71(EV-A71)is a major causative agent of hand,foot and mouth disease(HFMD),which poses a significant public health threat,particularly among young children.Mitochondrial antiviral signaling protein(MAVS)and interferon regulatory factor 3(IRF3)are vital proteins for the induction of type I interferons(IFN-I)and downstream interferon-stimulated genes(ISGs)during EVA71 infection.While posttranslational modifications are known to critically influence viral infection processes,the mechanisms by which EV-A71 exploits host deubiquitinases(DUBs)for immune evasion remain poorly understood.In this study,we demonstrated that EV-A71 infection upregulated ubiquitinspecific protease 5(USP5)expression.Knockdown of USP5 not only inhibited EV-A71 replication but also observably increased the production of IFN-I and ISGs.Furthermore,USP5 also regulated the replication of EV-D68 and CVA16 and the production of IFN-I and ISGs.Mechanistically,USP5 physically interacted with MAVS and IRF3 and reduced the K63-linked polyubiquitination of MAVS and IRF3.Conversely,USP5 knockdown increased the K63-linked polyubiquitination of MAVS and IRF3,thereby accelerating the phosphorylation of IRF3 and increasing IFN-I production during EV-A71 infection.Furthermore,pharmacological inhibition of USP5 with the small-molecule inhibitor PR-619 significantly potentiated the antiviral effects of IFN against EV-A71.Collectively,our findings reveal a previously unrecognized role of USP5 in facilitating EV-A71 immune evasion by dampening MAVSand IRF3-mediated antiviral signaling.These insights provide a novel therapeutic avenue for combating EV-A71 infection through targeted modulation of the USP5-IRF3 axis.展开更多
Heterojunctions constructed by traditional methods often result in random stacking of materials, leading to lattice mismatch, which adversely affects the extraction and transfer of photo-generated carriers and, in tur...Heterojunctions constructed by traditional methods often result in random stacking of materials, leading to lattice mismatch, which adversely affects the extraction and transfer of photo-generated carriers and, in turn, hampers light utilization efficiency. In this work, we report a novel heterojunction comprising alternating S-doped g-C_(3)N_(4) (SCN) and N-doped MoS_(2) (NMS), bridged by Mo–N covalent bonds within hierarchical periodic macroporous (HPM) walls. This heterojunction is synthesized by co-pyrolyzing dicyandiamide, thiourea, and ammonium molybdate. Transient reflectance photoluminescence measurements reveal that the Mo–N covalent bonds serve as “fast tracks” for electron transfer from SCN to NMS, significantly enhancing the charge separation efficiency. Additionally, the well-defined spatial separation of photo-induced carriers, coupled with the efficient mass transfer within the HPM structure, promotes superior carrier utilization. Thanks to the synergistic effect of HPM structures and the bridged Mo–N bonds, the optimized HPM NMS/SCN-1.3 sample exhibits a remarkable H_(2) evolution rate of 473.3 µmol g^(−1) h^(−1) under visible light irradiation, which is approximately 163 and 19 times higher than bulk g-C_(3)N_(4) (BCN) and HPM SCN, respectively. This work offers valuable insights into the design of HPM heterojunctions composed of co-catalysts and host catalysts, paving the way for enhanced photocatalytic H₂ evolution.展开更多
Background: Recent studies have demonstrated that pyroptosis has an important impact on the pathological process of many cardiovascular diseases, and inhibiting this process can significantly reduce pathological damag...Background: Recent studies have demonstrated that pyroptosis has an important impact on the pathological process of many cardiovascular diseases, and inhibiting this process can significantly reduce pathological damage. At the same time, some studies have proved that Zhuangtongy in (ZTY) has a certain protective effect on the myocardium of rats with coronary heart disease. Therefore, the aim of this study is to observe and explore the effects of ZTY on cardiomyocytes and its mechanism of action in rats with coronary heart disease based on the Caspase-1 mediated cellular pyroptosis pathway. Methods: Fifty SD rats were randomly divided into blank group, sham-operation group, model group, ZTY group and cysteinyl aspartate specific protease (Caspase-1) inhibitor group. The blank group did not receive any treatment, and the other groups established a rat model of coronary artery disease by ligating the left anterior descending branch of the coronary artery, but the sham-operation group was only threaded without ligation. After that, the sham-operated and model groups were gavaged with 0.1 ml/kg distilled water, the ZTY group was gavaged with 13.6 g/kg ZTY decoction based on the previous study, and the Caspase-1 inhibitor group was injected intraperitoneally with 3 mg/kg Ac-YVAD-cmk solvent once a day for four consecutive weeks. Transmission electron microscopy was used to observe the ultrastructure of cardiomyocytes, HE staining was used to observe the morphology of cardiac tissue, and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (Elisa) was used to detect serum interleukin-1β (IL-1β), interleukin-18 (IL-18) and C-reactive protein (CRP) in the rats. In addition, fluorescent probe was used to detect serum Reactive oxygen species (ROS). Real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR was used to detect the expression of mRNAs of ASC, Nlrp3, Caspase-1 and gasdermin-D (GSDMD), and the protein expression of Caspase-1 and GSDMD was detected by immunohistochemistry. Results: There was no significant difference between the results of the blank and sham-operated groups. Compared with the blank group, the transmission electron microscopy results showed swollen and ruptured cardiomyocyte membranes in the model group, with pore formation, severe mitochondrial swelling, membrane lysis, and cristae breakage. The staining results showed myofibril breakage, severe intercellular oedema and vacuolation in the model group. The inflammatory factors IL-1β, IL-18, CRP and ROS were significantly elevated (P β, IL-18, CRP, ROS and the expression of ASC, Nlrp3, Caspase-1, and GSDMD mRNA were significantly elevated (P Conclusion: ZTY can reduce myocardial injury by lowering the expression of ROS and other inflammatory factors, inhibiting Caspase-1 mediated cellular pyroptosis, thus reducing myocardial inflammation and protecting cardiomyocytes.展开更多
Objective: To observe the analgesic effect of acupuncture and moxibustion on chronic constriction injury (CCI) pain model rats, and to investigate the mechanism of constriction constriction injury. Methods: 32 SPF SD ...Objective: To observe the analgesic effect of acupuncture and moxibustion on chronic constriction injury (CCI) pain model rats, and to investigate the mechanism of constriction constriction injury. Methods: 32 SPF SD rats were divided into Control Group, Sham Surgery Group, Model Group and Acupuncture and moxibustion Group, with 8 rats in each group. The Model Group, Acupuncture and moxibustion Group and sciatic nerve ligation were used to establish the CCI pain rat model. The sham operation group only separated the nerve, and the control group did not do any treatment. After modeling, the Acupuncture and moxibustion Group was given acupuncture treatment, while the control group and the Model Group did not do any intervention. 7 days for 1 course of treatment, continuous treatment for 3 courses of sampling and detection. Paw withdrawal mechanical threshold (PWMT) and Paw withdrawal thermal latency (PWTL) were observed. Biochemical detection of reactive oxygen species (ROS), malondialdehyde (MDA), Super Oxide Dismutase (SOD), glutathione (GSH);Serum, tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-1β (IL-1β) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) levels were detected by ELISA. Results: Compared with the control group, PWMT and PWTL in the Model Group were decreased (P α, IL-1β and IL-6 levels or contents were increased (P α, IL-1β and IL-6 levels or contents were decreased (P Conclusion: Acupuncture and moxibustion can reduce the ROS level, enhance the antioxidant capacity of the body, reduce the damage of sciatic nerve caused by inflammation, and relieve sciatic pain.展开更多
Lithium sulfur batteries are regarded as a promising candidate for high-energy-density energy storage devices.However,the lithium metal anode in lithium-sulfur batteries encounters the problem of lithium dendrites and...Lithium sulfur batteries are regarded as a promising candidate for high-energy-density energy storage devices.However,the lithium metal anode in lithium-sulfur batteries encounters the problem of lithium dendrites and lithium metal consumption caused by polysulfide corrosion.Herein we design a dualfunction PMMA/PPC/LiNO3composite as an artificial solid electrolyte interphase(PMCN-SEI)to protect Li metal anode.This SEI offers multiple sites of C=O for polysulfide anchoring to constrain corrosion of Li metal anode.The lithiated polymer group and Li3N in PMCN-SEI can homogenize lithium-ion deposition behavior to achieve a dendrite-free anode.As a result,the PMCN-SEI protected Li metal anode enables the Li||Li symmetric batteries to maintain over 300 cycles(1300 h)at a capacity of 5 m Ah cm^(-2),corresponding to a cumulative capacity of 3.25 Ah cm^(-2).Moreover,Li-S batteries assembled with 20μm of Li metal anode(N/P=1.67)still deliver an initial capacity of 1166 m A h g-1at 0.5C.Hence,introducing polycarbonate polymer/inorganic composite SEI on Li provides a new solution for achieving the high energy density of Li-S batteries.展开更多
RNA interference(RNAi)is an intrinsic antiviral immune mechanism conserved in diverse eukaryotic organisms.However,the mechanism by which antiviral RNAi in mammals is regulated is poorly understood.In this study,we un...RNA interference(RNAi)is an intrinsic antiviral immune mechanism conserved in diverse eukaryotic organisms.However,the mechanism by which antiviral RNAi in mammals is regulated is poorly understood.In this study,we uncovered that the E3 ubiquitin ligase STIP1 homology and U-box-containing protein 1(STUB1)was a new regulator of the RNAi machinery in mammals.We found that STUB1 interacted with and ubiquitinated AGO2,and targeted it for degradation in a chaperon-dependent manner.STUB1 promoted the formation of Lys48(K48)-linked polyubiquitin chains on AGO2,and facilitated AGO2 degradation through ubiquitin-proteasome system.In addition to AGO2,STUB1 also induced the protein degradation of AGO1,AGO3 and AGO4.Further investigation revealed that STUB1 also regulated Dicer's ubiquitination via K48-linked polyubiquitin and induced the degradation of Dicer as well as its specialized form,termed antiviral Dicer(avi Dicer)that expresses in mammalian stem cells.Moreover,we found that STUB1 deficiency up-regulated Dicer and AGO2,thereby enhancing the RNAi response and efficiently inhibiting viral replication in mammalian cells.Using the newborn mouse model of Enterovirus A71(EV-A71),we confirmed that STUB1 deficiency enhanced the virus-derived si RNAs production and antiviral RNAi,which elicited a potent antiviral effect against EV-A71 infection in vivo.In summary,our findings uncovered that the E3 ubiquitin ligase STUB1 was a general regulator of the RNAi machinery by targeting Dicer,avi Dicer and AGO1–4.Moreover,STUB1 regulated the RNAi response through mediating the abundance of Dicer and AGO2 during viral infection,thereby providing novel insights into the regulation of antiviral RNAi in mammals.展开更多
Wetland is one of the most important ecosystems with varied functions and structures,and its loss has been a major issue.Wetland loss in Modem Yellow River Delta(MYRD) becomes a serious environmental problem,so its re...Wetland is one of the most important ecosystems with varied functions and structures,and its loss has been a major issue.Wetland loss in Modem Yellow River Delta(MYRD) becomes a serious environmental problem,so its restoration attracts a great deal of attention from academia and governments.This article proposes a GIS-based multi-criteria comprehensive evaluation methodology for potential estimation of wetland restoration,using MYRD as an example.The model uses four kinds of data(hydrology,terrain,soil,and land use) and could be adapted by planners for use in identifying the suitability of locations as wetland mitigation sites at any site or region.In the application of the model in the MYRD,the research developed a lost wetland distributed map taking the better wetland situation of 1995 as the reference,and elevated the overall distribution trends of wetland restoration potential based on wetland polygon.The results indicated that the total area of wetland loss from 1995 to 2014 was 568.12 km^2,which includes 188.83 km^2 natural wetland and 21.80 km^2 artificial wetland,respectively.The areas of lost wetland with low,middle,and high resilience ability are 126.82 km^2,259.92 km^2,and 119.59 km^2,occupying 25.05%,51.33%,and 23.62%,respectively.The high-restoration-potential wetland included98.47 km^2 of natural wetland and 21.12 km^2 of artificial wetland,which are mainly bush,reed,and ponds.The highrestoration-potential wetland is mainly distributed in the vicinity of Gudong oil field,the Yellow River Delta protected areas,and the eastern sides of Kenli county and Dongying city.展开更多
Hydrogen peroxide(H_(2)O_(2))has gained widespread attention as a versatile oxidant and a mild disin-fectant.Here,an electrostatic self-assembly method is applied to couple ZnSe quantum dots(QDs)with a flower-like cov...Hydrogen peroxide(H_(2)O_(2))has gained widespread attention as a versatile oxidant and a mild disin-fectant.Here,an electrostatic self-assembly method is applied to couple ZnSe quantum dots(QDs)with a flower-like covalent organic framework(COF)to form a step-scheme(S-scheme)photocata-lyst for H_(2)O_(2)production.The as-prepared S-scheme photocatalyst exhibits a broad light absorption range with an edge at 810 nm owing to the synergistic effect between the ZnSe QDs and COF.The S-scheme charge-carrier transfer mechanism is validated by performing Fermi level calculations and in-situ X-ray photoelectron and femtosecond transient absorption spectroscopies.Photolumi-nescence,time-resolved photoluminescence,photocurrent response,electrochemical impedance spectroscopy,and electron paramagnetic resonance results show that the S-scheme heterojunction not only promotes charge carrier separation but also boosts the redox ability,resulting in enhanced photocatalytic performance.Remarkably,a 10%-ZnSe QD/COF has excellent photocatalytic H_(2)O_(2)-production activity,and the optimal S-scheme composite with ethanol as the hole scavenger yields a H_(2)O_(2)-production rate of 1895 mol g^(-1)h^(-1).This study presents an example of a high-performance organic/inorganic S-scheme photocatalyst for H_(2)O_(2)production.展开更多
Constructing noble-metal-free loaded catalyst with high-efficiency photocatalytic activity by a simple and scalable method is of profound significance for fundamental research and practical application.Herein,a simple...Constructing noble-metal-free loaded catalyst with high-efficiency photocatalytic activity by a simple and scalable method is of profound significance for fundamental research and practical application.Herein,a simple one-pot method was used to synthesize novel samples of array-like sulfur-doped graphitic carbon nitride(SCN)nanosheets with ultrathin MoS2 loading(MS/SCN-x%).The ultrathin MoS2 cocatalyst was evenly distributed on the surface of SCN and was linked to the main catalyst by covalent chemical bonds.Benefited from the multiple advantages of the array-like porous nanosheets structure with rich exposed surface,covalent cross-linking structure,and enhanced visible light absorption,the MS/SCN-2.5%composites drastically improve hydrogen evolution performance,which is superior to original MoS2 nanosheet modified by two-step mixing method,and also rivals with Pt/SCN.The designing strategy of photocatalyst modified by noble-metal-free cocatalyst with covalent bond structure provides fascinating insights into enhanced photocatalytic hydrogen evolution.展开更多
Advancements in the vehicular network technology enable real-time interconnection,data sharing,and intelligent cooperative driving among vehicles.However,malicious vehicles providing illegal and incorrect information ...Advancements in the vehicular network technology enable real-time interconnection,data sharing,and intelligent cooperative driving among vehicles.However,malicious vehicles providing illegal and incorrect information can compromise the interests of vehicle users.Trust mechanisms serve as an effective solution to this issue.In recent years,many researchers have incorporated blockchain technology to manage and incentivize vehicle nodes,incurring significant overhead and storage requirements due to the frequent ingress and egress of vehicles within the area.In this paper,we propose a distributed vehicular network scheme based on trust scores.Specifically,the designed architecture partitions multiple vehicle regions into clusters.Then,cloud supervision systems(CSSs)verify the accuracy of the information transmitted by vehicles.Additionally,the trust scores for vehicles are calculated to reward or penalize them based on the trust evaluation model.Our proposed scheme demonstrates good scalability and effectively addresses the main cause of malicious information distribution among vehicles.Both theoretical and experimental analysis show that our scheme outperforms the compared schemes.展开更多
Two graphs are defined to be adjointly equivalent if and only if their complements are chromatically equivalent. Using the properties of the adjoint polynomials and the fourth character R4（G）, the adjoint equivalenc...Two graphs are defined to be adjointly equivalent if and only if their complements are chromatically equivalent. Using the properties of the adjoint polynomials and the fourth character R4（G）, the adjoint equivalence class of graph Bn-8,l,4 is determined. According to the relations between adjoint polynomial and chromatic polynomial, we also simultaneously determine the chromatic equivalence class of Bn-8,l,4 that is the complement of Bn-8,l,4.展开更多
Photocatalytic water splitting is a popular pathway for H_(2)evolution,but the slow water oxidation greatly hampers the overall activity.To harness photogenerated holes in an efficient and lucrative way,the wa-ter oxi...Photocatalytic water splitting is a popular pathway for H_(2)evolution,but the slow water oxidation greatly hampers the overall activity.To harness photogenerated holes in an efficient and lucrative way,the wa-ter oxidation reaction is replaced by selective oxidation of organic compounds to achieve simultaneous production of H_(2)and value-added chemicals.Herein,an alternative tactic is reported where an organic compound(benzylamine,BA)not only serves as the precursor for N-benzylidene-benzylamine(NBBA)production but also provides hydrogen sources for H_(2)evolution,achieving the goal under anhydrous conditions.This process is realized using an S-scheme photocatalyst composed of ZnIn_(2)S_(4)and the UiO-66-NH_(2)(U6N)metal-organic framework(MOF).The S-scheme carrier transfer mechanism was validated by in-situ irradiated X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(ISI-XPS)and femtosecond transient absorption(fs-TA)spectroscopy.With increased carrier efficiency and reinforced redox power endowed by the S-scheme heterojunction,the composite performed better than ZnIn2 S4 and MOF.The performance was further ameliorated by Pt-cocatalyst modification,achieving an H_(2)production rate of 5275μmol h^(-1)g^(-1)as well as BA conversion of 94.3%with 99.3%NBBA selectivity.Mechanistic studies reveal that BA is ini-tially oxidized to carbon-centered radicals and further to imines along with the release of protons.The imine reacts with another BA molecule to form NBBA,while the protons are reduced to H_(2).This work provides new insights into concurrent photocatalytic H_(2)production and selective organic oxidation from organic amines using S-scheme photocatalysts.展开更多
文摘Objective This study aimed to evaluate whether cardiac rehabilitation with a technology-assisted personalized exercise prescription is superior to traditional remote home-based rehabilitation in improving cardiorespiratory endurance and quality of life in postoperative patients.Methods From October 2022 to April 2024,62 patients who underwent percutaneous coronary intervention for coronary heart disease were recruited from a tertiary hospital in Beijing and randomly assigned to either an intervention group or a control group.After baseline assessments of cardiorespiratory endurance and exercise function,the intervention group received a digitalized personalized exercise prescription combined with remote monitoring rehabilitation.This included an exercise prescription delivered via a mobile application,weekly remote monitoring sessions with an exercise therapist to supervise prescription adherence,provide feedback based on real-time electrocardiographic data,and make personalized adjustments to the exercise prescription based on this information.The control group received an application-delivered exercise movement library and a wearable electrocardiogram device for self-monitoring of exercise intensity.Both groups underwent the 12-week intervention.Changes in maximal oxygen uptake and quality of life were evaluated at enrollment,as well as at 4 weeks,12 weeks,and 24 weeks after the intervention commenced.Results A total of 58 participants completed the study(the intervention group[n=30],the control group[n=28]).Twelve weeks after the interventions,the intervention group showed statistically improvements in VO2AT(Z=2.247,P=0.025),general health(Z=2.126,P=0.033)and social functioning(Z=3.349,P=0.001)compared to the control group.At 24 weeks of follow-up,the intervention group continued to exhibit statistically significant improvements in VO2AT(Z=2.017,P=0.044)and social functioning(Z=3.126,P=0.002).The exercise duration of patients in the intervention group during the exercise test was significantly prolonged at both 4 weeks(Z=−2.420,P=0.021),12 weeks(Z=−2.240,P=0.029)and 24weeks(Z=−2.300,P=0.025)showing statistically significant differences compared to the control group.Conclusions This study provides new evidence-based support for the practical effectiveness of nurses acting as supervisors of rehabilitation implementation and coordinators of multidisciplinary teams within a remote digital cardiac rehabilitation model,underscoring their significant value in the secondary prevention management system for cardiovascular diseases in the information era.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.22202187)the Hubei Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China(No.2025AFB492)
文摘The development of photocatalysts that combine high efficiency,durability,and visible-light responsiveness remains a central challenge for solar-to-hydrogen conversion.In a recent study,Cabrero-Antonino et al.report a 2D/2D Schottky heterojunction constructed from ultrasmall Cu_(2)[CuTCPP]MOF nanosheets and conductive Ti_(3)C_(2)MXene.This hybrid interface generates a built-in interfacial electric field that promotes directional charge transfer,suppresses recombination,and significantly prolongs carrier lifetimes,as evidenced by femtosecond transient absorption spectroscopy.The MXene component not only functions as a hole acceptor to improve charge separation but also mitigates photooxidative degradation of the MOF,thereby enhancing long-term stability.The optimized heterojunction achieves a hydrogen evolution rate exceeding 5000μmol g^(-1)under visible light,nearly 20 times higher than that of pristine MOF,with notable operational durability.These findings demonstrate the critical role of interfacial engineering in achieving synergistic charge dynamics across hybrid architectures.The work provides a scalable,sustainable strategy for noble-metalfree photocatalysis,offering valuable insights for the rational design of next-generation systems for water splitting,CO_(2)reduction,and solar-driven chemical transformations.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(32300133 to SZ.and 32100106 to YR)the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(2023M730965 to SZ.)+3 种基金the Science and Technology Department of Henan Province(232102311103 to SZ.)the Chinese Academy of Sciences(CAS)Youth Innovation Promotion Association(2023351 to YR)the Hubei Province Natural Science Funds(2023AFA008 and 2023AFB582 to YR)the Open project of the State Key Laboratory of Antiviral Drugs,Henan University(FX3020A030002).
文摘Human enterovirus A71(EV-A71)is a major causative agent of hand,foot and mouth disease(HFMD),which poses a significant public health threat,particularly among young children.Mitochondrial antiviral signaling protein(MAVS)and interferon regulatory factor 3(IRF3)are vital proteins for the induction of type I interferons(IFN-I)and downstream interferon-stimulated genes(ISGs)during EVA71 infection.While posttranslational modifications are known to critically influence viral infection processes,the mechanisms by which EV-A71 exploits host deubiquitinases(DUBs)for immune evasion remain poorly understood.In this study,we demonstrated that EV-A71 infection upregulated ubiquitinspecific protease 5(USP5)expression.Knockdown of USP5 not only inhibited EV-A71 replication but also observably increased the production of IFN-I and ISGs.Furthermore,USP5 also regulated the replication of EV-D68 and CVA16 and the production of IFN-I and ISGs.Mechanistically,USP5 physically interacted with MAVS and IRF3 and reduced the K63-linked polyubiquitination of MAVS and IRF3.Conversely,USP5 knockdown increased the K63-linked polyubiquitination of MAVS and IRF3,thereby accelerating the phosphorylation of IRF3 and increasing IFN-I production during EV-A71 infection.Furthermore,pharmacological inhibition of USP5 with the small-molecule inhibitor PR-619 significantly potentiated the antiviral effects of IFN against EV-A71.Collectively,our findings reveal a previously unrecognized role of USP5 in facilitating EV-A71 immune evasion by dampening MAVSand IRF3-mediated antiviral signaling.These insights provide a novel therapeutic avenue for combating EV-A71 infection through targeted modulation of the USP5-IRF3 axis.
基金support of the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.52174238,22378103,52204307,and 22409128)Natural Science Foundation of Changsha(No.kq2208425)the Research Foundation Bureau of Hunan Province(No.24B0787).
文摘Heterojunctions constructed by traditional methods often result in random stacking of materials, leading to lattice mismatch, which adversely affects the extraction and transfer of photo-generated carriers and, in turn, hampers light utilization efficiency. In this work, we report a novel heterojunction comprising alternating S-doped g-C_(3)N_(4) (SCN) and N-doped MoS_(2) (NMS), bridged by Mo–N covalent bonds within hierarchical periodic macroporous (HPM) walls. This heterojunction is synthesized by co-pyrolyzing dicyandiamide, thiourea, and ammonium molybdate. Transient reflectance photoluminescence measurements reveal that the Mo–N covalent bonds serve as “fast tracks” for electron transfer from SCN to NMS, significantly enhancing the charge separation efficiency. Additionally, the well-defined spatial separation of photo-induced carriers, coupled with the efficient mass transfer within the HPM structure, promotes superior carrier utilization. Thanks to the synergistic effect of HPM structures and the bridged Mo–N bonds, the optimized HPM NMS/SCN-1.3 sample exhibits a remarkable H_(2) evolution rate of 473.3 µmol g^(−1) h^(−1) under visible light irradiation, which is approximately 163 and 19 times higher than bulk g-C_(3)N_(4) (BCN) and HPM SCN, respectively. This work offers valuable insights into the design of HPM heterojunctions composed of co-catalysts and host catalysts, paving the way for enhanced photocatalytic H₂ evolution.
文摘Background: Recent studies have demonstrated that pyroptosis has an important impact on the pathological process of many cardiovascular diseases, and inhibiting this process can significantly reduce pathological damage. At the same time, some studies have proved that Zhuangtongy in (ZTY) has a certain protective effect on the myocardium of rats with coronary heart disease. Therefore, the aim of this study is to observe and explore the effects of ZTY on cardiomyocytes and its mechanism of action in rats with coronary heart disease based on the Caspase-1 mediated cellular pyroptosis pathway. Methods: Fifty SD rats were randomly divided into blank group, sham-operation group, model group, ZTY group and cysteinyl aspartate specific protease (Caspase-1) inhibitor group. The blank group did not receive any treatment, and the other groups established a rat model of coronary artery disease by ligating the left anterior descending branch of the coronary artery, but the sham-operation group was only threaded without ligation. After that, the sham-operated and model groups were gavaged with 0.1 ml/kg distilled water, the ZTY group was gavaged with 13.6 g/kg ZTY decoction based on the previous study, and the Caspase-1 inhibitor group was injected intraperitoneally with 3 mg/kg Ac-YVAD-cmk solvent once a day for four consecutive weeks. Transmission electron microscopy was used to observe the ultrastructure of cardiomyocytes, HE staining was used to observe the morphology of cardiac tissue, and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (Elisa) was used to detect serum interleukin-1β (IL-1β), interleukin-18 (IL-18) and C-reactive protein (CRP) in the rats. In addition, fluorescent probe was used to detect serum Reactive oxygen species (ROS). Real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR was used to detect the expression of mRNAs of ASC, Nlrp3, Caspase-1 and gasdermin-D (GSDMD), and the protein expression of Caspase-1 and GSDMD was detected by immunohistochemistry. Results: There was no significant difference between the results of the blank and sham-operated groups. Compared with the blank group, the transmission electron microscopy results showed swollen and ruptured cardiomyocyte membranes in the model group, with pore formation, severe mitochondrial swelling, membrane lysis, and cristae breakage. The staining results showed myofibril breakage, severe intercellular oedema and vacuolation in the model group. The inflammatory factors IL-1β, IL-18, CRP and ROS were significantly elevated (P β, IL-18, CRP, ROS and the expression of ASC, Nlrp3, Caspase-1, and GSDMD mRNA were significantly elevated (P Conclusion: ZTY can reduce myocardial injury by lowering the expression of ROS and other inflammatory factors, inhibiting Caspase-1 mediated cellular pyroptosis, thus reducing myocardial inflammation and protecting cardiomyocytes.
文摘Objective: To observe the analgesic effect of acupuncture and moxibustion on chronic constriction injury (CCI) pain model rats, and to investigate the mechanism of constriction constriction injury. Methods: 32 SPF SD rats were divided into Control Group, Sham Surgery Group, Model Group and Acupuncture and moxibustion Group, with 8 rats in each group. The Model Group, Acupuncture and moxibustion Group and sciatic nerve ligation were used to establish the CCI pain rat model. The sham operation group only separated the nerve, and the control group did not do any treatment. After modeling, the Acupuncture and moxibustion Group was given acupuncture treatment, while the control group and the Model Group did not do any intervention. 7 days for 1 course of treatment, continuous treatment for 3 courses of sampling and detection. Paw withdrawal mechanical threshold (PWMT) and Paw withdrawal thermal latency (PWTL) were observed. Biochemical detection of reactive oxygen species (ROS), malondialdehyde (MDA), Super Oxide Dismutase (SOD), glutathione (GSH);Serum, tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-1β (IL-1β) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) levels were detected by ELISA. Results: Compared with the control group, PWMT and PWTL in the Model Group were decreased (P α, IL-1β and IL-6 levels or contents were increased (P α, IL-1β and IL-6 levels or contents were decreased (P Conclusion: Acupuncture and moxibustion can reduce the ROS level, enhance the antioxidant capacity of the body, reduce the damage of sciatic nerve caused by inflammation, and relieve sciatic pain.
基金supported by the Jilin Province Science and Technology Department Program(YDZJ202201ZYTS304)the Science and Technology Project of Jilin Provincial Education Department(JJKH20220428KJ)+3 种基金the Jilin Province Science and Technology Department Program(YDZJ202101ZYTS047)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(21905110,21905041,22279045,22102020)the Special foundation of Jilin Province Industrial Technology Research and Development(2019C042)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(2412020FZ008)。
文摘Lithium sulfur batteries are regarded as a promising candidate for high-energy-density energy storage devices.However,the lithium metal anode in lithium-sulfur batteries encounters the problem of lithium dendrites and lithium metal consumption caused by polysulfide corrosion.Herein we design a dualfunction PMMA/PPC/LiNO3composite as an artificial solid electrolyte interphase(PMCN-SEI)to protect Li metal anode.This SEI offers multiple sites of C=O for polysulfide anchoring to constrain corrosion of Li metal anode.The lithiated polymer group and Li3N in PMCN-SEI can homogenize lithium-ion deposition behavior to achieve a dendrite-free anode.As a result,the PMCN-SEI protected Li metal anode enables the Li||Li symmetric batteries to maintain over 300 cycles(1300 h)at a capacity of 5 m Ah cm^(-2),corresponding to a cumulative capacity of 3.25 Ah cm^(-2).Moreover,Li-S batteries assembled with 20μm of Li metal anode(N/P=1.67)still deliver an initial capacity of 1166 m A h g-1at 0.5C.Hence,introducing polycarbonate polymer/inorganic composite SEI on Li provides a new solution for achieving the high energy density of Li-S batteries.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(31970169 to X.Z.and 82172269 and 81873964 to Y.Q.)the International Partnership Program of Chinese Academy of Sciences(153B42KYSB20200004 to X.Z.)+3 种基金the Young Top-notch Talent Cultivation Program of Hubei Province(Y.Q.)the Grant from the CAS Youth Innovation Promotion Association(2020332 to Y.Q.)the Hubei Province Natural Science Funds for Distinguished Young Scholar(2021CFA047 to Y.Q.)the Young Top-notch Talent Cultivation Program of Hubei Province(Y.Q.)。
文摘RNA interference(RNAi)is an intrinsic antiviral immune mechanism conserved in diverse eukaryotic organisms.However,the mechanism by which antiviral RNAi in mammals is regulated is poorly understood.In this study,we uncovered that the E3 ubiquitin ligase STIP1 homology and U-box-containing protein 1(STUB1)was a new regulator of the RNAi machinery in mammals.We found that STUB1 interacted with and ubiquitinated AGO2,and targeted it for degradation in a chaperon-dependent manner.STUB1 promoted the formation of Lys48(K48)-linked polyubiquitin chains on AGO2,and facilitated AGO2 degradation through ubiquitin-proteasome system.In addition to AGO2,STUB1 also induced the protein degradation of AGO1,AGO3 and AGO4.Further investigation revealed that STUB1 also regulated Dicer's ubiquitination via K48-linked polyubiquitin and induced the degradation of Dicer as well as its specialized form,termed antiviral Dicer(avi Dicer)that expresses in mammalian stem cells.Moreover,we found that STUB1 deficiency up-regulated Dicer and AGO2,thereby enhancing the RNAi response and efficiently inhibiting viral replication in mammalian cells.Using the newborn mouse model of Enterovirus A71(EV-A71),we confirmed that STUB1 deficiency enhanced the virus-derived si RNAs production and antiviral RNAi,which elicited a potent antiviral effect against EV-A71 infection in vivo.In summary,our findings uncovered that the E3 ubiquitin ligase STUB1 was a general regulator of the RNAi machinery by targeting Dicer,avi Dicer and AGO1–4.Moreover,STUB1 regulated the RNAi response through mediating the abundance of Dicer and AGO2 during viral infection,thereby providing novel insights into the regulation of antiviral RNAi in mammals.
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China[No.41401663]Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province[No.2010ZRE14029]+1 种基金China Social Science University Humanity Foundation[No.11YJC790283 and No.12YJC790254]Excellent Young Scholars Research Fund of Shandong Normal University
文摘Wetland is one of the most important ecosystems with varied functions and structures,and its loss has been a major issue.Wetland loss in Modem Yellow River Delta(MYRD) becomes a serious environmental problem,so its restoration attracts a great deal of attention from academia and governments.This article proposes a GIS-based multi-criteria comprehensive evaluation methodology for potential estimation of wetland restoration,using MYRD as an example.The model uses four kinds of data(hydrology,terrain,soil,and land use) and could be adapted by planners for use in identifying the suitability of locations as wetland mitigation sites at any site or region.In the application of the model in the MYRD,the research developed a lost wetland distributed map taking the better wetland situation of 1995 as the reference,and elevated the overall distribution trends of wetland restoration potential based on wetland polygon.The results indicated that the total area of wetland loss from 1995 to 2014 was 568.12 km^2,which includes 188.83 km^2 natural wetland and 21.80 km^2 artificial wetland,respectively.The areas of lost wetland with low,middle,and high resilience ability are 126.82 km^2,259.92 km^2,and 119.59 km^2,occupying 25.05%,51.33%,and 23.62%,respectively.The high-restoration-potential wetland included98.47 km^2 of natural wetland and 21.12 km^2 of artificial wetland,which are mainly bush,reed,and ponds.The highrestoration-potential wetland is mainly distributed in the vicinity of Gudong oil field,the Yellow River Delta protected areas,and the eastern sides of Kenli county and Dongying city.
文摘Hydrogen peroxide(H_(2)O_(2))has gained widespread attention as a versatile oxidant and a mild disin-fectant.Here,an electrostatic self-assembly method is applied to couple ZnSe quantum dots(QDs)with a flower-like covalent organic framework(COF)to form a step-scheme(S-scheme)photocata-lyst for H_(2)O_(2)production.The as-prepared S-scheme photocatalyst exhibits a broad light absorption range with an edge at 810 nm owing to the synergistic effect between the ZnSe QDs and COF.The S-scheme charge-carrier transfer mechanism is validated by performing Fermi level calculations and in-situ X-ray photoelectron and femtosecond transient absorption spectroscopies.Photolumi-nescence,time-resolved photoluminescence,photocurrent response,electrochemical impedance spectroscopy,and electron paramagnetic resonance results show that the S-scheme heterojunction not only promotes charge carrier separation but also boosts the redox ability,resulting in enhanced photocatalytic performance.Remarkably,a 10%-ZnSe QD/COF has excellent photocatalytic H_(2)O_(2)-production activity,and the optimal S-scheme composite with ethanol as the hole scavenger yields a H_(2)O_(2)-production rate of 1895 mol g^(-1)h^(-1).This study presents an example of a high-performance organic/inorganic S-scheme photocatalyst for H_(2)O_(2)production.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(51872087)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(21871030)+2 种基金the Research Foundation of Education Bureau of Hunan Provincial(19A053,19B062)the Hunan Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China(2018JJ2456,2020JJ4644)the Hunan Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China(14JJ5010)。
文摘Constructing noble-metal-free loaded catalyst with high-efficiency photocatalytic activity by a simple and scalable method is of profound significance for fundamental research and practical application.Herein,a simple one-pot method was used to synthesize novel samples of array-like sulfur-doped graphitic carbon nitride(SCN)nanosheets with ultrathin MoS2 loading(MS/SCN-x%).The ultrathin MoS2 cocatalyst was evenly distributed on the surface of SCN and was linked to the main catalyst by covalent chemical bonds.Benefited from the multiple advantages of the array-like porous nanosheets structure with rich exposed surface,covalent cross-linking structure,and enhanced visible light absorption,the MS/SCN-2.5%composites drastically improve hydrogen evolution performance,which is superior to original MoS2 nanosheet modified by two-step mixing method,and also rivals with Pt/SCN.The designing strategy of photocatalyst modified by noble-metal-free cocatalyst with covalent bond structure provides fascinating insights into enhanced photocatalytic hydrogen evolution.
基金supported the by Anhui Provincial Natural Science Foundation under Grant 2308085MF223in part by the Open Fund of State Key Laboratory for Novel Software Technology under Grant KFKT2022B33+1 种基金in part by the by the Foundation of Yunnan Key Laboratory of Service Computing under Grant YNSC23106in part by the Key Project on Anhui Provincial Natural Science Study by Colleges and Universities under Grant 2023AH050495,2024AH051078 and Grant KJ2020A0513.
文摘Advancements in the vehicular network technology enable real-time interconnection,data sharing,and intelligent cooperative driving among vehicles.However,malicious vehicles providing illegal and incorrect information can compromise the interests of vehicle users.Trust mechanisms serve as an effective solution to this issue.In recent years,many researchers have incorporated blockchain technology to manage and incentivize vehicle nodes,incurring significant overhead and storage requirements due to the frequent ingress and egress of vehicles within the area.In this paper,we propose a distributed vehicular network scheme based on trust scores.Specifically,the designed architecture partitions multiple vehicle regions into clusters.Then,cloud supervision systems(CSSs)verify the accuracy of the information transmitted by vehicles.Additionally,the trust scores for vehicles are calculated to reward or penalize them based on the trust evaluation model.Our proposed scheme demonstrates good scalability and effectively addresses the main cause of malicious information distribution among vehicles.Both theoretical and experimental analysis show that our scheme outperforms the compared schemes.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.11161037)the Science Found of Qinghai Province(Grant No.2011-z-907)
文摘Two graphs are defined to be adjointly equivalent if and only if their complements are chromatically equivalent. Using the properties of the adjoint polynomials and the fourth character R4（G）, the adjoint equivalence class of graph Bn-8,l,4 is determined. According to the relations between adjoint polynomial and chromatic polynomial, we also simultaneously determine the chromatic equivalence class of Bn-8,l,4 that is the complement of Bn-8,l,4.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(Nos.2022YFB3803600 and 2022YFE0115900)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.22208332,22278324,52073223,22238009,51932007,22361142704)+1 种基金the Natural Science Foundation of Hubei Province of China(No.2022CFA001)the Key R&D Program Projects in Hubei Province(No.2023BAB113).
文摘Photocatalytic water splitting is a popular pathway for H_(2)evolution,but the slow water oxidation greatly hampers the overall activity.To harness photogenerated holes in an efficient and lucrative way,the wa-ter oxidation reaction is replaced by selective oxidation of organic compounds to achieve simultaneous production of H_(2)and value-added chemicals.Herein,an alternative tactic is reported where an organic compound(benzylamine,BA)not only serves as the precursor for N-benzylidene-benzylamine(NBBA)production but also provides hydrogen sources for H_(2)evolution,achieving the goal under anhydrous conditions.This process is realized using an S-scheme photocatalyst composed of ZnIn_(2)S_(4)and the UiO-66-NH_(2)(U6N)metal-organic framework(MOF).The S-scheme carrier transfer mechanism was validated by in-situ irradiated X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(ISI-XPS)and femtosecond transient absorption(fs-TA)spectroscopy.With increased carrier efficiency and reinforced redox power endowed by the S-scheme heterojunction,the composite performed better than ZnIn2 S4 and MOF.The performance was further ameliorated by Pt-cocatalyst modification,achieving an H_(2)production rate of 5275μmol h^(-1)g^(-1)as well as BA conversion of 94.3%with 99.3%NBBA selectivity.Mechanistic studies reveal that BA is ini-tially oxidized to carbon-centered radicals and further to imines along with the release of protons.The imine reacts with another BA molecule to form NBBA,while the protons are reduced to H_(2).This work provides new insights into concurrent photocatalytic H_(2)production and selective organic oxidation from organic amines using S-scheme photocatalysts.
