Interference management is one of the most important issues in the device-to-device(D2D)-enabled heterogeneous cellular networks(HetCNets)due to the coexistence of massive cellular and D2D devices in which D2D devices...Interference management is one of the most important issues in the device-to-device(D2D)-enabled heterogeneous cellular networks(HetCNets)due to the coexistence of massive cellular and D2D devices in which D2D devices reuse the cellular spectrum.To alleviate the interference,an efficient interference management way is to set exclusion zones around the cellular receivers.In this paper,we adopt a stochastic geometry approach to analyze the outage probabilities of cellular and D2D users in the D2D-enabled HetCNets.The main difficulties contain three aspects:1)how to model the location randomness of base stations,cellular and D2D users in practical networks;2)how to capture the randomness and interrelation of cellular and D2D transmissions due to the existence of random exclusion zones;3)how to characterize the different types of interference and their impacts on the outage probabilities of cellular and D2D users.We then run extensive Monte-Carlo simulations which manifest that our theoretical model is very accurate.展开更多
In the Internet of things(IoTs),heterogeneous devices employing incompatible technologies,like WiFi,ZigBee,and Bluetooth,often coexist.Simplifying connections among them is crucial for ubiquitous connectivity in sixth...In the Internet of things(IoTs),heterogeneous devices employing incompatible technologies,like WiFi,ZigBee,and Bluetooth,often coexist.Simplifying connections among them is crucial for ubiquitous connectivity in sixth-generation(6G)networks.While cross-technology communication(CTC)enables direct transmission,it faces reliability and efficiency issues.This paper introduces cross-technology semantic communication(CTSC),a novel paradigm to overcome these limitations.We address two key challenges.First,to overcome the prohibitive training cost of adapting to diverse physical-layer incompatibilities for each new device pair,we propose a knowledge-driven deep joint source-channel coding scheme.It incorporates existing CTC algorithms as foundational knowledge and uses a loosely coupled structure for transfer learning,significantly reducing training overhead.Second,to tackle the challenge of reconstructing images from imperfect semantic information—impaired by both random distortions and complete vector losses—we introduce a novel self-attention-based error correction method that repairs semantic information at the receiver without requiring retransmissions.Extensive simulations on image transmission scenarios demonstrate that our proposed scheme significantly reduces transmission overhead and improves structural similarity compared to CTC.展开更多
Dear Editor, Wheat aphids are serious pests in wheat growing areas of China, and can lead to from 10% to over 30% reduction in wheat production （Wang et al., 2006）. The main wheat aphids are Sitobion avenae （Fabric...Dear Editor, Wheat aphids are serious pests in wheat growing areas of China, and can lead to from 10% to over 30% reduction in wheat production （Wang et al., 2006）. The main wheat aphids are Sitobion avenae （Fabricius）, Rhopalosiphum padi （Linnaeus）, Metopolophium dirhodum （Walker）, and Schiza- phis graminum （Rondani）. In the Huang-Huai area of China, the dominant wheat aphid species are S. avenae and R. padi. For many years, farmers have applied chemical pesticides to control wheat aphids. The number of wheat aphids in north China has increased from year to year, probably due to the increased resistance to insecticides.展开更多
Anthocyanins are a type of flavonoid widely found in various plants.These compounds account for a wide spectrum of colors,nutritional value,and biological activities of plant tissues.Nevertheless,the chemical instabil...Anthocyanins are a type of flavonoid widely found in various plants.These compounds account for a wide spectrum of colors,nutritional value,and biological activities of plant tissues.Nevertheless,the chemical instability of anthocyanins in aqueous solutions limits their application in the food industry.This study sys-tematically investigated the effects of natural polyphenol extracts from blueberry(BEB),blackberry(BAB),sea-buckthorn(SB),and Nitraria tangutorum(NA)on the stability of raspberry anthocyanins.Based on the analysis results of total anthocyanins and monomer content,natural polyphenol extracts from BEB,BAB,and NA co-incubated with anthocyanins at a 1:10(v/v)ratio significantly prolonged the half-life(t1/2)of both individual anthocyanins and total anthocyanins.SB,however,exhibited negligible protective effects.This indicates that anthocyanin stability is positively correlated with the amount of phenolic additives.Specifically,at a 1:10 ratio,the polyphenols extracted from NA,BEB,and BAB prolonged the t_(1/2) of cyanidin 3-acacetin by 183.54%,172.94%,and 36.11%,respectively.The extent of the observed prolongation exhibited a strong correlation with the total polyphenol content of each composite.Equivalent trends were observed from cyanidin-3-O-glucoside(Peak 4;73.69%,63.98%,186.62%)and pelargonidin-3-glucoside(Peak 6;38.13%,68.26%,38.31%).Our study demonstrated that natural polyphenol extracts from BEB,BAB,and NA can effectively enhance the stability of raspberry anthocyanins.This provides a new strategy for developing anthocyanin products that combine high stability with beneficial health.展开更多
Fresh garlic(FG)is prized for its unique taste and rich bioactivity,which has led to the development of various traditional Chinese garlic products,including sweet garlic(SG),Laba garlic(LG),and black garlic(BG).This ...Fresh garlic(FG)is prized for its unique taste and rich bioactivity,which has led to the development of various traditional Chinese garlic products,including sweet garlic(SG),Laba garlic(LG),and black garlic(BG).This study compared the nutrient composition,allicin content,metabolomics,and antioxidant capacities of SG,LG,and BG with FG that employed the ultra-high performance liquid chromatography and quadrupole-time-of-flight mass spectrometry(UHPLC Q-TOF MS)and utilized high-throughput non-targeted metabolomics techniques.The results found that significant changes in nutritional components such as protein,fat,and total sugar occurred after the processing of garlic products.Principal component analysis(PCA)distinguished the metabolites of FG,SG,LG,and BG,indicating that processing methods significantly alter garlic compounds.There were also significant differences in sulfur-containing characteristic compounds such as gamma-L-Glutamyl-S-(2-carboxy-1-propyl)cysteinylglycine,N-γ-Glutamyl-S-allylcysteine,and S-Methyl-L-cysteine,as well as polyphenolic compounds like L-(-)-3-phenyllactic acid,naringenin chalcone,and kaempferol 3,7-diglucoside before and after garlic product processing.Notably,BG processing eliminated garlic’s pungency and enhanced its antioxidant capacity.Random forest models and correlation analysis identified mulberrin,l-(-)-3-phenyllactic acid,and snglycerol 3-phosphate as key contributors to antioxidant activity.The study highlighted that traditional processing changed garlic’s metabolism and physiological function,providing valuable data for the comprehensive utilization and development of the garlic industry chain.The enhanced antioxidant capacity of BG suggests potential applications in antioxidant therapy and the treatment of age-related diseases.It is recommended that further research should explore the potential health benefits of processed garlic products,especially BG.展开更多
基金This work is funded in part by the Science and Technology Development Fund,Macao SAR(Grant Nos.0093/2022/A2,0076/2022/A2 and 0008/2022/AGJ)in part by the National Nature Science Foundation of China(Grant No.61872452)+3 种基金in part by Special fund for Dongguan’s Rural Revitalization Strategy in 2021(Grant No.20211800400102)in part by Dongguan Special Commissioner Project(Grant No.20211800500182)in part by Guangdong-Dongguan Joint Fund for Basic and Applied Research of Guangdong Province(Grant No.2020A1515110162)in part by University Special Fund of Guangdong Provincial Department of Education(Grant No.2022ZDZX1073).
文摘Interference management is one of the most important issues in the device-to-device(D2D)-enabled heterogeneous cellular networks(HetCNets)due to the coexistence of massive cellular and D2D devices in which D2D devices reuse the cellular spectrum.To alleviate the interference,an efficient interference management way is to set exclusion zones around the cellular receivers.In this paper,we adopt a stochastic geometry approach to analyze the outage probabilities of cellular and D2D users in the D2D-enabled HetCNets.The main difficulties contain three aspects:1)how to model the location randomness of base stations,cellular and D2D users in practical networks;2)how to capture the randomness and interrelation of cellular and D2D transmissions due to the existence of random exclusion zones;3)how to characterize the different types of interference and their impacts on the outage probabilities of cellular and D2D users.We then run extensive Monte-Carlo simulations which manifest that our theoretical model is very accurate.
基金funded by the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(No.2023M741844)the National Science and Technology Major Project-Mobile Information Networks(No.2024ZD1300700)The short version of this paper was accepted by the IEEE International Conference on Communications(ICC),Denver,CO,USA,June 2024[69].
文摘In the Internet of things(IoTs),heterogeneous devices employing incompatible technologies,like WiFi,ZigBee,and Bluetooth,often coexist.Simplifying connections among them is crucial for ubiquitous connectivity in sixth-generation(6G)networks.While cross-technology communication(CTC)enables direct transmission,it faces reliability and efficiency issues.This paper introduces cross-technology semantic communication(CTSC),a novel paradigm to overcome these limitations.We address two key challenges.First,to overcome the prohibitive training cost of adapting to diverse physical-layer incompatibilities for each new device pair,we propose a knowledge-driven deep joint source-channel coding scheme.It incorporates existing CTC algorithms as foundational knowledge and uses a loosely coupled structure for transfer learning,significantly reducing training overhead.Second,to tackle the challenge of reconstructing images from imperfect semantic information—impaired by both random distortions and complete vector losses—we introduce a novel self-attention-based error correction method that repairs semantic information at the receiver without requiring retransmissions.Extensive simulations on image transmission scenarios demonstrate that our proposed scheme significantly reduces transmission overhead and improves structural similarity compared to CTC.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(31272364,L1524009)Strategic Research of Chinese Academy of Sciences(2015-SM-C-02)the Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(XDB11040200)
文摘Dear Editor, Wheat aphids are serious pests in wheat growing areas of China, and can lead to from 10% to over 30% reduction in wheat production （Wang et al., 2006）. The main wheat aphids are Sitobion avenae （Fabricius）, Rhopalosiphum padi （Linnaeus）, Metopolophium dirhodum （Walker）, and Schiza- phis graminum （Rondani）. In the Huang-Huai area of China, the dominant wheat aphid species are S. avenae and R. padi. For many years, farmers have applied chemical pesticides to control wheat aphids. The number of wheat aphids in north China has increased from year to year, probably due to the increased resistance to insecticides.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation[grant number 32260113]Qinghai Provincial Science Foundation[grant number 2024-SF-126].
文摘Anthocyanins are a type of flavonoid widely found in various plants.These compounds account for a wide spectrum of colors,nutritional value,and biological activities of plant tissues.Nevertheless,the chemical instability of anthocyanins in aqueous solutions limits their application in the food industry.This study sys-tematically investigated the effects of natural polyphenol extracts from blueberry(BEB),blackberry(BAB),sea-buckthorn(SB),and Nitraria tangutorum(NA)on the stability of raspberry anthocyanins.Based on the analysis results of total anthocyanins and monomer content,natural polyphenol extracts from BEB,BAB,and NA co-incubated with anthocyanins at a 1:10(v/v)ratio significantly prolonged the half-life(t1/2)of both individual anthocyanins and total anthocyanins.SB,however,exhibited negligible protective effects.This indicates that anthocyanin stability is positively correlated with the amount of phenolic additives.Specifically,at a 1:10 ratio,the polyphenols extracted from NA,BEB,and BAB prolonged the t_(1/2) of cyanidin 3-acacetin by 183.54%,172.94%,and 36.11%,respectively.The extent of the observed prolongation exhibited a strong correlation with the total polyphenol content of each composite.Equivalent trends were observed from cyanidin-3-O-glucoside(Peak 4;73.69%,63.98%,186.62%)and pelargonidin-3-glucoside(Peak 6;38.13%,68.26%,38.31%).Our study demonstrated that natural polyphenol extracts from BEB,BAB,and NA can effectively enhance the stability of raspberry anthocyanins.This provides a new strategy for developing anthocyanin products that combine high stability with beneficial health.
基金supported by the Project of Qinghai Science&Technology Department(2023-NK-139)the National Science Founda-tion of China(32260113)The Open Project of State Key Laboratory of Plateau Ecology and Agriculture,Qinghai University(2023-KF-08).
文摘Fresh garlic(FG)is prized for its unique taste and rich bioactivity,which has led to the development of various traditional Chinese garlic products,including sweet garlic(SG),Laba garlic(LG),and black garlic(BG).This study compared the nutrient composition,allicin content,metabolomics,and antioxidant capacities of SG,LG,and BG with FG that employed the ultra-high performance liquid chromatography and quadrupole-time-of-flight mass spectrometry(UHPLC Q-TOF MS)and utilized high-throughput non-targeted metabolomics techniques.The results found that significant changes in nutritional components such as protein,fat,and total sugar occurred after the processing of garlic products.Principal component analysis(PCA)distinguished the metabolites of FG,SG,LG,and BG,indicating that processing methods significantly alter garlic compounds.There were also significant differences in sulfur-containing characteristic compounds such as gamma-L-Glutamyl-S-(2-carboxy-1-propyl)cysteinylglycine,N-γ-Glutamyl-S-allylcysteine,and S-Methyl-L-cysteine,as well as polyphenolic compounds like L-(-)-3-phenyllactic acid,naringenin chalcone,and kaempferol 3,7-diglucoside before and after garlic product processing.Notably,BG processing eliminated garlic’s pungency and enhanced its antioxidant capacity.Random forest models and correlation analysis identified mulberrin,l-(-)-3-phenyllactic acid,and snglycerol 3-phosphate as key contributors to antioxidant activity.The study highlighted that traditional processing changed garlic’s metabolism and physiological function,providing valuable data for the comprehensive utilization and development of the garlic industry chain.The enhanced antioxidant capacity of BG suggests potential applications in antioxidant therapy and the treatment of age-related diseases.It is recommended that further research should explore the potential health benefits of processed garlic products,especially BG.
