As one of the main staple cereal crops,wheat(Triticum aestivum L.)is cultivated worldwide,commonly in semi-arid or arid climates(Zhou et al.,2020;Mao et al.,2023).However,with increasingly severe weather events associ...As one of the main staple cereal crops,wheat(Triticum aestivum L.)is cultivated worldwide,commonly in semi-arid or arid climates(Zhou et al.,2020;Mao et al.,2023).However,with increasingly severe weather events associated with global warming,drought stress presents a growing challenge to food security and production,to which arid regions may be especially vulnerable(Lesk et al.,2016;Eckardt et al.,2023).One key step in addressing this threat is to define the plant molecular mechanisms underlying drought stress response in order to improve crop resilience or tolerance to water deficit conditions(Zhang et al.,2021;He et al.,2024).Abscisic acid(ABA)is a key hormone in plants that regulates various physiological and molecular responses under drought stress,such as stomatal closure,gene activation,and cellular protection(Yoshida et al.,2015;Zhang et al.,2021).Essential to plant stress response are core mediators of the ABA signaling pathway,especially SNF1-related protein kinases 2s(SnRK2s)and ABA-response element(ABRE)-binding factors(ABFs)(Fujita et al.,2013;Yoshida et al.,2015).However,as of yet,the role of SnRK2s and ABFs in regulating drought response in wheat is not well understood.Here,our findings show that a TaSnRK2s-TaABF2 regulatory module can enhance tolerance to prolonged water deficit by directly modulating drought-responsive genes.展开更多
Wireless sensor network deployment optimization is a classic NP-hard problem and a popular topic in academic research.However,the current research on wireless sensor network deployment problems uses overly simplistic ...Wireless sensor network deployment optimization is a classic NP-hard problem and a popular topic in academic research.However,the current research on wireless sensor network deployment problems uses overly simplistic models,and there is a significant gap between the research results and actual wireless sensor networks.Some scholars have now modeled data fusion networks to make them more suitable for practical applications.This paper will explore the deployment problem of a stochastic data fusion wireless sensor network(SDFWSN),a model that reflects the randomness of environmental monitoring and uses data fusion techniques widely used in actual sensor networks for information collection.The deployment problem of SDFWSN is modeled as a multi-objective optimization problem.The network life cycle,spatiotemporal coverage,detection rate,and false alarm rate of SDFWSN are used as optimization objectives to optimize the deployment of network nodes.This paper proposes an enhanced multi-objective mongoose optimization algorithm(EMODMOA)to solve the deployment problem of SDFWSN.First,to overcome the shortcomings of the DMOA algorithm,such as its low convergence and tendency to get stuck in a local optimum,an encircling and hunting strategy is introduced into the original algorithm to propose the EDMOA algorithm.The EDMOA algorithm is designed as the EMODMOA algorithm by selecting reference points using the K-Nearest Neighbor(KNN)algorithm.To verify the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm,the EMODMOA algorithm was tested at CEC 2020 and achieved good results.In the SDFWSN deployment problem,the algorithm was compared with the Non-dominated Sorting Genetic Algorithm II(NSGAII),Multiple Objective Particle Swarm Optimization(MOPSO),Multi-Objective Evolutionary Algorithm based on Decomposition(MOEA/D),and Multi-Objective Grey Wolf Optimizer(MOGWO).By comparing and analyzing the performance evaluation metrics and optimization results of the objective functions of the multi-objective algorithms,the algorithm outperforms the other algorithms in the SDFWSN deployment results.To better demonstrate the superiority of the algorithm,simulations of diverse test cases were also performed,and good results were obtained.展开更多
A novel bismuth–carbon composite, in which bismuth nanoparticles were anchored in a nitrogen-doped carbon matrix(Bi@NC), is proposed as anode for high volumetric energy density lithium ion batteries(LIBs).Bi@NC compo...A novel bismuth–carbon composite, in which bismuth nanoparticles were anchored in a nitrogen-doped carbon matrix(Bi@NC), is proposed as anode for high volumetric energy density lithium ion batteries(LIBs).Bi@NC composite was synthesized via carbonization of Zn-containing zeolitic imidazolate(ZIF-8) and replacement of Zn with Bi, resulting in the N-doped carbon that was hierarchically porous and anchored with Bi nanoparticles. The matrix provides a highly electronic conductive network that facilitates the lithiation/delithiation of Bi.Additionally, it restrains aggregation of Bi nanoparticles and serves as a buffer layer to alleviate the mechanical strain of Bi nanoparticles upon Li insertion/extraction.With these contributions, Bi@NC exhibits excellent cycling stability and rate capacity compared to bare Bi nanoparticles or their simple composites with carbon. This study provides a new approach for fabricating high volumetric energy density LIBs.展开更多
The 21 st century is a time of digitization and infurmationization. Online media have been going forward rapidly and have penetrated into various aspects of people＇ s life, thus having a significant impact on people...The 21 st century is a time of digitization and infurmationization. Online media have been going forward rapidly and have penetrated into various aspects of people＇ s life, thus having a significant impact on people＇ s production and life. Under such circumstance, traditional fashion indnstry has also been influenced by online media and has gradually transformed to digitalization. Fashion design is likely to get away from simplex manual design and to transform to the design method of man-machine synergy. The introduction of network technique into fashion design will bring vast potential for future development of fashion design.展开更多
Metal-organic frameworks(MOFs)with orderly porous structure,large surface area,high electrochemical response and chemical tunability have been widely studied for energy conversion and storage.However,most reported MOF...Metal-organic frameworks(MOFs)with orderly porous structure,large surface area,high electrochemical response and chemical tunability have been widely studied for energy conversion and storage.However,most reported MOFs still suffer from poor stability,insufficient conductivity,and low utilization of active sites.One strategy to circumvent these issues is to optimize MOFs via designing composites.Here,the design principle from the viewpoint of the intrinsic relationships among various components will be illuminated to acquire the synergistic effects,including two working modes:(1)MOFs with assistant components,(2)MOFs with other function components.This review introduces recent research progress of MOF-based composites with their typical applications in energy conversion(catalysis)and storage(supercapacitor and ion battery).Finally,the challenges and future prospects of MOF-based composites will be discussed in terms of maximizing composite properties.展开更多
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the feasibility of intra-operativedetection of sentinel lymph nodes (SLN) in the patient withendometrial cancer (EC).METHODS Thirty-one patients with Stage Ⅰ and Ⅱ endometrialcancer, who underw...OBJECTIVE To evaluate the feasibility of intra-operativedetection of sentinel lymph nodes (SLN) in the patient withendometrial cancer (EC).METHODS Thirty-one patients with Stage Ⅰ and Ⅱ endometrialcancer, who underwent a hysterectomy and a lymphadenectomy,were enrolled in the study. At laparotomy, methylene blue dyetracer was injected into the subserosal myometrium of corpusuteri at multiple sites, and dye uptake into the lymphatic channelswas observed. The blue nodes which were identified as SLNs weretraced and excised. The other nodes were then removed. All of theexcised nodes were submitted for pathological hematoxylin andeosin (H&E) staining examination.RESULTS Failure of dye uptake occurred in 4 of the 31 cases(12.9%) because of spillage, and no lymphatic coloration wasobserved there. Lymphatic staining was clearly observable as bluedye diffused to the lymphatic channels of the uterine surface andthe infundibulopelvic ligaments in 27 (87.1%) cases. Concurrentcoloration in the pelvic lymphatic vessels was also observed in 22of the 27 patients. The SLNs were identified in 23 of the 27 (85.2%)cases with a lymphatic staining, with a total number of 90 SLNs,and a mean of 3.9 in each case (range, 1-10). Besides one SLN (1.1%)in the para-aortic area, the other 89 (98.9%) were in the nodes ofthe pelvis. The most dense locations of SLNs included obturator in38 (42.2%) and interiliac in 19 (21.1%) cases. In our group, pelviclymphadenectomy was conducted in 27 (87.1%) patients andpelvic nodal sampling in 4 (12.9%). Of the 31 cases, a concurrentabdominal para-aortic lymph node sampling was conducted in7. A total of 926 nodes were harvested, with an average of 39.8 ineach case (range, 14-55). Nodal metastases occurred in 3 patients(9.7%), 2 of them with SLN involvement and the other withoutSLN involvement. Adverse reactions or injury related to the studywas not found.CONCLUSION Application of methylene blue dye is feasible inan intra-operative SLN identification of endometrial cancer. Thetechnology is convenient, safe, and worth further investigation.展开更多
Recently,there has been a debate regarding the association between polycystic ovary syndrome(PCOS)and pancreatic cancer(PC).In order to examine the causal relationship between PCOS and PC,we conducted a Mendelian rand...Recently,there has been a debate regarding the association between polycystic ovary syndrome(PCOS)and pancreatic cancer(PC).In order to examine the causal relationship between PCOS and PC,we conducted a Mendelian randomization study,which utilized 12 single nucleotide polymorphisms(SNPs)identified from a genome-wide association study(GWAS)meta-analysis that included 10,074 PCOS cases and 103,164 controls of European ancestry as instrumental variables(IVs).The outcome data were obtained from the FinnGen database(including 605 cases and 218,187 controls).We demonstrate that genetically predicted PCOS is not causally associated with PC risk in Europeans(odds ratio=0.99,95%confidence interval(CI)=0.72-1.36,p>0.05).Sensitivity analysis showed horizontal pleiotropy(intercept p>0.05),heterogeneity(Cochran Q p>0.05),and the leave-one-out sensitivity test showed that individual SNP effects had no influence on the results.In conclusion,our study did not provide evidence of a causal link between PCOS and PC.展开更多
Plant diseases,caused by a wide range of pathogens,severely reduce crop yield and quality,posing a significant threat to global food security.Developing broad-spectrum resistance(BSR)in crops is a key strategy for con...Plant diseases,caused by a wide range of pathogens,severely reduce crop yield and quality,posing a significant threat to global food security.Developing broad-spectrum resistance(BSR)in crops is a key strategy for controlling crop diseases and ensuring sustainable crop production.Cloning disease-resistance(R)genes and understanding their underlying molecular mechanisms provide new genetic resources and strategies for crop breeding.Novel genetic engineering and genome editing tools have accelerated the study and engineering of BSR genes in crops,which is the primary focus of this review.We first summarize recent advances in understanding the plant immune system,followed by an examination of the molecular mechanisms underlying BSR in crops.Finally,we highlight diverse strategies employed to achieve BSR,including gene stacking to combine multiple R genes,multiplexed genome editing of susceptibility genes and promoter regions of executor R genes,editing cis-regulatory elements to fine-tune gene expression,RNA interference,saturation mutagenesis,and precise genomic insertions.The genetic studies and engineering of BSR are accelerating the breeding of disease-resistant cultivars,contributing to crop improvement and enhancing global food security.展开更多
T cells play a critical and irreplaceable role in maintaining overall health.However,their functions undergo alterations as individuals age.It is of utmost importance to comprehend the specific characteristics of T-ce...T cells play a critical and irreplaceable role in maintaining overall health.However,their functions undergo alterations as individuals age.It is of utmost importance to comprehend the specific characteristics of T-cell aging,as this knowledge is crucial for gaining deeper insights into the pathogenesis of aging-related diseases and developing effective therapeutic strategies.In this review,we have thoroughly examined the existing studies on the characteristics of immune organ aging.Furthermore,we elucidated the changes and potential mechanisms that occur in T cells during the aging process.Additionally,we have discussed the latest research advancements pertaining to T-cell agingrelated diseases.These findings provide a fresh perspective for the study of T cells in the context of aging.展开更多
An efficient synthesis of indazole fused phenanthridinones via Rh(Il)-catalyzed inert C(sp^(2))-H activation/[4+2]annulation of 3-aryl-1H-indazoles with iodonium ylides has been developed,providing a strategy to acces...An efficient synthesis of indazole fused phenanthridinones via Rh(Il)-catalyzed inert C(sp^(2))-H activation/[4+2]annulation of 3-aryl-1H-indazoles with iodonium ylides has been developed,providing a strategy to access multi-conjugated x-system tetracyclic and pentacyclic aza-heterocyclics with the favorable photoluminescence prop-erties.This"one-pot"reaction features high efficiency,excellent regioselectivity,a broad substrate compatibility and could be easily scaled up.Furthermore,the obtained products exhibited low toxicity in MDCK cells as well as selectively labeled the zebrafish larvae,which indicated that the titled products could be potentially utilized as biofluorescent probes or fluorescent dyes.展开更多
For the solution toαt^(2)u(x,t)-△u(x,t)+q(x)u(x,t)=δ(x,t)and u|t<0=0,consider an inverse problem of determining q(x),x∈Ωfrom data f=u|sT and g=(σu/σn)|sT.HereΩ■{(X1,x2,x3)∈R^(3)|X1>0}is a bounded domai...For the solution toαt^(2)u(x,t)-△u(x,t)+q(x)u(x,t)=δ(x,t)and u|t<0=0,consider an inverse problem of determining q(x),x∈Ωfrom data f=u|sT and g=(σu/σn)|sT.HereΩ■{(X1,x2,x3)∈R^(3)|X1>0}is a bounded domain,ST={(x,t)|x∈a2,|x|<t<T+|x|},n=n(x)is the outward unit normal n to aΩ,and T>0.For suitable T>0,prove a Lipschitz stability estimation:||q1-q2||L^(2)(Ω)≤C{||f1-f2||H^(1)(ST)+||g1-g2||L^(2)(ST)},provided that q1 satisfies a priori uniform boundedness conditions and q2 satisfies apriori uniform smallness conditions,where ux is the solution to problem(1.1)withq=qk,k=1,2.展开更多
Heterogeneous doping is one effective strategy for synthesizing metal alloy nanowires.Herein,the heterogeneous doping processes of Pd on the ultrathin Au nanowires were systematically modulated and investigated.Au-Pd ...Heterogeneous doping is one effective strategy for synthesizing metal alloy nanowires.Herein,the heterogeneous doping processes of Pd on the ultrathin Au nanowires were systematically modulated and investigated.Au-Pd alloy nanowires with various morphologies and lattice structures can be obtained by adjusting the morphology of the precursor Au nanowires and the kinetics of the heterogeneous doping processes.The effects of the rate of Pd reduction and the concentration of the ligand oleylamine(OAm)on the Pd deposition and alloying mode were articulated.Generally,as the Pd deposition rate decreases,the Pd deposition and alloying mode switches from the island-forming Stransky–Krastanov(SK)mode to the epitaxial Frank-van der Merwe(FM)mode,and eventually to an unconventional twisting alloying mode,where the interdiffusion of Pd and Au causes drastic rearrangement of the lattice structure and formation of helical structures.The kinetics-related variation of alloying mode could also be observed in the Au-Ag nanowires,demonstrating a general design principle for the synthesis of alloy nanostructures.In addition,the electrocatalytic performance of various Au-Pd nanowires was evaluated,and the alloy nanowire formed via the SK mode was found to be an excellent electrocatalyst for oxygen reduction and ethanol oxidation.展开更多
Drought is a major environmental factor limiting wheat production worldwide,and developing drought-tolerant cultivars is a central challenge for wheat breeders globally.Therefore,it is important to identify genetic co...Drought is a major environmental factor limiting wheat production worldwide,and developing drought-tolerant cultivars is a central challenge for wheat breeders globally.Therefore,it is important to identify genetic components determining drought tolerance in wheat.In this study,we identified a wheat NAC gene(TaNAC071-A)that is tightly associated with drought tolerance by a genome-wide association study.Knockdown of TaNAC071-A in wheat attenuated plant drought tolerance,whereas its overexpression significantly enhanced drought tolerance through improved water-use efficiency and increased expression of stress-responsive genes.This heightened water-saving mechanism mitigated the yield loss caused by water deficit.Further candidate gene association analysis showed that a 108-bp insertion in the promoter of TaNAC071-A alters its expression level and contributes to variation in drought tolerance among wheat accessions.This insertion contains two MYB cis-regulatory elements(CREs)that can be directly bound by the MYB transcription activator,TaMYBL1,thereby leading to increased TaNAC071-A expression and plant drought tolerance.Importantly,introgression of this 108-bp insertion allele,TaNAC071-AIn-693,into drought-sensitive cultivars could improve their drought tolerance,demonstrating that it is a valuable genetic resource for wheat breeding.Taken together,our findings highlight a major breakthrough in determining the genetic basis underlying phenotypic variation in wheat drought tolerance and showcase the potential of exploiting CRE-containing indels for improving important agronomical traits.展开更多
Invariant natural killer T(iNKT)cells are highly conserved innate-like T lymphocytes that originate from CD4^(+)CD8^(+)double-positive(DP)thymocytes.Here,we report that serine/arginine splicing factor 1(SRSF1)intrinsi...Invariant natural killer T(iNKT)cells are highly conserved innate-like T lymphocytes that originate from CD4^(+)CD8^(+)double-positive(DP)thymocytes.Here,we report that serine/arginine splicing factor 1(SRSF1)intrinsically regulates iNKT cell development by directly targeting Myb and balancing the abundance of short and long isoforms.Conditional ablation of SRSF1 in DP cells led to a substantially diminished iNKT cell pool due to defects in proliferation,survival,and TCRαrearrangement.The transition from stage 0 to stage 1 of iNKT cells was substantially blocked,and the iNKT2 subset was notably diminished in SRSF1-deficient mice.SRSF1 deficiency resulted in aberrant expression of a series of regulators that are tightly correlated with iNKT cell development and iNKT2 differentiation,including Myb,PLZF,Gata3,ICOS,and CD5.In particular,we found that SRSF1 directly binds and regulates pre-mRNA alternative splicing of Myb and that the expression of the short isoform of Myb is substantially reduced in SRSF1-deficient DP and iNKT cells.Strikingly,ectopic expression of the Myb short isoform partially rectified the defects caused by ablation of SRSF1.Furthermore,we confirmed that the SRSF1-deficient mice exhibited resistance to acute liver injury uponα-GalCer and Con A induction.Our findings thus uncovered a previously unknown role of SRSF1 as an essential post-transcriptional regulator in iNKT cell development and functional differentiation,providing new clinical insights into iNKT-correlated disease.展开更多
To the editor,Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma(PDAC)has the worst prognosis among all common malignant solid tumors,with a 5-year overall survival(OS)rate of less than 10%[1].Few effective targets for anticancer ther-...To the editor,Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma(PDAC)has the worst prognosis among all common malignant solid tumors,with a 5-year overall survival(OS)rate of less than 10%[1].Few effective targets for anticancer ther-apy have been confirmed in pancreatic cancer.Recently,it was substantiated that pancreatic cancer patients carry-ing deleterious mutations of the DNA damage response(DDR)genes are more likely to benefit from platinum-based chemotherapy[2]and poly(adenosine diphosphate-ribose)polymerase(PARP)inhibitor[3].展开更多
基金supported by grants from the Major Project on Agricultural Bio-breeding of China(2023ZD04026)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(32072002)Science Foundation for Distinguished Young Scholars of Shaanxi Province(2023-JC-JQ-20)。
文摘As one of the main staple cereal crops,wheat(Triticum aestivum L.)is cultivated worldwide,commonly in semi-arid or arid climates(Zhou et al.,2020;Mao et al.,2023).However,with increasingly severe weather events associated with global warming,drought stress presents a growing challenge to food security and production,to which arid regions may be especially vulnerable(Lesk et al.,2016;Eckardt et al.,2023).One key step in addressing this threat is to define the plant molecular mechanisms underlying drought stress response in order to improve crop resilience or tolerance to water deficit conditions(Zhang et al.,2021;He et al.,2024).Abscisic acid(ABA)is a key hormone in plants that regulates various physiological and molecular responses under drought stress,such as stomatal closure,gene activation,and cellular protection(Yoshida et al.,2015;Zhang et al.,2021).Essential to plant stress response are core mediators of the ABA signaling pathway,especially SNF1-related protein kinases 2s(SnRK2s)and ABA-response element(ABRE)-binding factors(ABFs)(Fujita et al.,2013;Yoshida et al.,2015).However,as of yet,the role of SnRK2s and ABFs in regulating drought response in wheat is not well understood.Here,our findings show that a TaSnRK2s-TaABF2 regulatory module can enhance tolerance to prolonged water deficit by directly modulating drought-responsive genes.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant Nos.U21A20464,62066005Innovation Project of Guangxi Graduate Education under Grant No.YCSW2024313.
文摘Wireless sensor network deployment optimization is a classic NP-hard problem and a popular topic in academic research.However,the current research on wireless sensor network deployment problems uses overly simplistic models,and there is a significant gap between the research results and actual wireless sensor networks.Some scholars have now modeled data fusion networks to make them more suitable for practical applications.This paper will explore the deployment problem of a stochastic data fusion wireless sensor network(SDFWSN),a model that reflects the randomness of environmental monitoring and uses data fusion techniques widely used in actual sensor networks for information collection.The deployment problem of SDFWSN is modeled as a multi-objective optimization problem.The network life cycle,spatiotemporal coverage,detection rate,and false alarm rate of SDFWSN are used as optimization objectives to optimize the deployment of network nodes.This paper proposes an enhanced multi-objective mongoose optimization algorithm(EMODMOA)to solve the deployment problem of SDFWSN.First,to overcome the shortcomings of the DMOA algorithm,such as its low convergence and tendency to get stuck in a local optimum,an encircling and hunting strategy is introduced into the original algorithm to propose the EDMOA algorithm.The EDMOA algorithm is designed as the EMODMOA algorithm by selecting reference points using the K-Nearest Neighbor(KNN)algorithm.To verify the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm,the EMODMOA algorithm was tested at CEC 2020 and achieved good results.In the SDFWSN deployment problem,the algorithm was compared with the Non-dominated Sorting Genetic Algorithm II(NSGAII),Multiple Objective Particle Swarm Optimization(MOPSO),Multi-Objective Evolutionary Algorithm based on Decomposition(MOEA/D),and Multi-Objective Grey Wolf Optimizer(MOGWO).By comparing and analyzing the performance evaluation metrics and optimization results of the objective functions of the multi-objective algorithms,the algorithm outperforms the other algorithms in the SDFWSN deployment results.To better demonstrate the superiority of the algorithm,simulations of diverse test cases were also performed,and good results were obtained.
基金supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province (Grant No.2017B030306013)the key project of Science and Technology in Guangdong Province (Grant No.2017A010106006)
文摘A novel bismuth–carbon composite, in which bismuth nanoparticles were anchored in a nitrogen-doped carbon matrix(Bi@NC), is proposed as anode for high volumetric energy density lithium ion batteries(LIBs).Bi@NC composite was synthesized via carbonization of Zn-containing zeolitic imidazolate(ZIF-8) and replacement of Zn with Bi, resulting in the N-doped carbon that was hierarchically porous and anchored with Bi nanoparticles. The matrix provides a highly electronic conductive network that facilitates the lithiation/delithiation of Bi.Additionally, it restrains aggregation of Bi nanoparticles and serves as a buffer layer to alleviate the mechanical strain of Bi nanoparticles upon Li insertion/extraction.With these contributions, Bi@NC exhibits excellent cycling stability and rate capacity compared to bare Bi nanoparticles or their simple composites with carbon. This study provides a new approach for fabricating high volumetric energy density LIBs.
文摘The 21 st century is a time of digitization and infurmationization. Online media have been going forward rapidly and have penetrated into various aspects of people＇ s life, thus having a significant impact on people＇ s production and life. Under such circumstance, traditional fashion indnstry has also been influenced by online media and has gradually transformed to digitalization. Fashion design is likely to get away from simplex manual design and to transform to the design method of man-machine synergy. The introduction of network technique into fashion design will bring vast potential for future development of fashion design.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(NNSFC grants 21707093).
文摘Metal-organic frameworks(MOFs)with orderly porous structure,large surface area,high electrochemical response and chemical tunability have been widely studied for energy conversion and storage.However,most reported MOFs still suffer from poor stability,insufficient conductivity,and low utilization of active sites.One strategy to circumvent these issues is to optimize MOFs via designing composites.Here,the design principle from the viewpoint of the intrinsic relationships among various components will be illuminated to acquire the synergistic effects,including two working modes:(1)MOFs with assistant components,(2)MOFs with other function components.This review introduces recent research progress of MOF-based composites with their typical applications in energy conversion(catalysis)and storage(supercapacitor and ion battery).Finally,the challenges and future prospects of MOF-based composites will be discussed in terms of maximizing composite properties.
文摘OBJECTIVE To evaluate the feasibility of intra-operativedetection of sentinel lymph nodes (SLN) in the patient withendometrial cancer (EC).METHODS Thirty-one patients with Stage Ⅰ and Ⅱ endometrialcancer, who underwent a hysterectomy and a lymphadenectomy,were enrolled in the study. At laparotomy, methylene blue dyetracer was injected into the subserosal myometrium of corpusuteri at multiple sites, and dye uptake into the lymphatic channelswas observed. The blue nodes which were identified as SLNs weretraced and excised. The other nodes were then removed. All of theexcised nodes were submitted for pathological hematoxylin andeosin (H&E) staining examination.RESULTS Failure of dye uptake occurred in 4 of the 31 cases(12.9%) because of spillage, and no lymphatic coloration wasobserved there. Lymphatic staining was clearly observable as bluedye diffused to the lymphatic channels of the uterine surface andthe infundibulopelvic ligaments in 27 (87.1%) cases. Concurrentcoloration in the pelvic lymphatic vessels was also observed in 22of the 27 patients. The SLNs were identified in 23 of the 27 (85.2%)cases with a lymphatic staining, with a total number of 90 SLNs,and a mean of 3.9 in each case (range, 1-10). Besides one SLN (1.1%)in the para-aortic area, the other 89 (98.9%) were in the nodes ofthe pelvis. The most dense locations of SLNs included obturator in38 (42.2%) and interiliac in 19 (21.1%) cases. In our group, pelviclymphadenectomy was conducted in 27 (87.1%) patients andpelvic nodal sampling in 4 (12.9%). Of the 31 cases, a concurrentabdominal para-aortic lymph node sampling was conducted in7. A total of 926 nodes were harvested, with an average of 39.8 ineach case (range, 14-55). Nodal metastases occurred in 3 patients(9.7%), 2 of them with SLN involvement and the other withoutSLN involvement. Adverse reactions or injury related to the studywas not found.CONCLUSION Application of methylene blue dye is feasible inan intra-operative SLN identification of endometrial cancer. Thetechnology is convenient, safe, and worth further investigation.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2021YFC2700400)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(31988101,82071606,32370916,82101707).
文摘Recently,there has been a debate regarding the association between polycystic ovary syndrome(PCOS)and pancreatic cancer(PC).In order to examine the causal relationship between PCOS and PC,we conducted a Mendelian randomization study,which utilized 12 single nucleotide polymorphisms(SNPs)identified from a genome-wide association study(GWAS)meta-analysis that included 10,074 PCOS cases and 103,164 controls of European ancestry as instrumental variables(IVs).The outcome data were obtained from the FinnGen database(including 605 cases and 218,187 controls).We demonstrate that genetically predicted PCOS is not causally associated with PC risk in Europeans(odds ratio=0.99,95%confidence interval(CI)=0.72-1.36,p>0.05).Sensitivity analysis showed horizontal pleiotropy(intercept p>0.05),heterogeneity(Cochran Q p>0.05),and the leave-one-out sensitivity test showed that individual SNP effects had no influence on the results.In conclusion,our study did not provide evidence of a causal link between PCOS and PC.
基金supported by Biological Breeding-National Science and Technology Major Projects(2023ZD04070)the Key R&D Program of Hubei Province(2023BBB171)+3 种基金the National Key R&D Program of China(2022YFA1304402)Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(2662023PY006,AML2023A05,2662024ZKPY001)(to G.L.)supported by the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(2662023PY006)(to K.X.)supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(32172373 and 32293243)(to G.L.and K.X.,respectively)and Hubei Hongshan Laboratory.
文摘Plant diseases,caused by a wide range of pathogens,severely reduce crop yield and quality,posing a significant threat to global food security.Developing broad-spectrum resistance(BSR)in crops is a key strategy for controlling crop diseases and ensuring sustainable crop production.Cloning disease-resistance(R)genes and understanding their underlying molecular mechanisms provide new genetic resources and strategies for crop breeding.Novel genetic engineering and genome editing tools have accelerated the study and engineering of BSR genes in crops,which is the primary focus of this review.We first summarize recent advances in understanding the plant immune system,followed by an examination of the molecular mechanisms underlying BSR in crops.Finally,we highlight diverse strategies employed to achieve BSR,including gene stacking to combine multiple R genes,multiplexed genome editing of susceptibility genes and promoter regions of executor R genes,editing cis-regulatory elements to fine-tune gene expression,RNA interference,saturation mutagenesis,and precise genomic insertions.The genetic studies and engineering of BSR are accelerating the breeding of disease-resistant cultivars,contributing to crop improvement and enhancing global food security.
基金supported by the R&D Program of Guangzhou Laboratory(SRPG22-006)the National Natural Science Cross Disciplinary Major Research Program(92374203)+6 种基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(92169102)the GuangDong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation(2022B1515120043),the Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation(2023A1515140117)the Open Project Fund of Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital(YKY-KF202208)the Key R&D Program Key Special Projects for International Science and Technology Innovation Cooperation between Governments(2023YFE0118700)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(21623406)the Fellowship of the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(2023TQ0136,2023M741379)the Open Research Project of the Key Laboratory of Viral Pathogenesis&Infection Prevention and Control of the Ministry of Education(2023VPPC-R08)。
文摘T cells play a critical and irreplaceable role in maintaining overall health.However,their functions undergo alterations as individuals age.It is of utmost importance to comprehend the specific characteristics of T-cell aging,as this knowledge is crucial for gaining deeper insights into the pathogenesis of aging-related diseases and developing effective therapeutic strategies.In this review,we have thoroughly examined the existing studies on the characteristics of immune organ aging.Furthermore,we elucidated the changes and potential mechanisms that occur in T cells during the aging process.Additionally,we have discussed the latest research advancements pertaining to T-cell agingrelated diseases.These findings provide a fresh perspective for the study of T cells in the context of aging.
基金supported by Fujian Province(No.3502ZCQXT2021006)111 project(No.BC2018061)Open Research Fund of Academy of Advanced Carbon Conversion Technology,HuaqiaoUniversity(No.AACCT0007).
文摘An efficient synthesis of indazole fused phenanthridinones via Rh(Il)-catalyzed inert C(sp^(2))-H activation/[4+2]annulation of 3-aryl-1H-indazoles with iodonium ylides has been developed,providing a strategy to access multi-conjugated x-system tetracyclic and pentacyclic aza-heterocyclics with the favorable photoluminescence prop-erties.This"one-pot"reaction features high efficiency,excellent regioselectivity,a broad substrate compatibility and could be easily scaled up.Furthermore,the obtained products exhibited low toxicity in MDCK cells as well as selectively labeled the zebrafish larvae,which indicated that the titled products could be potentially utilized as biofluorescent probes or fluorescent dyes.
文摘For the solution toαt^(2)u(x,t)-△u(x,t)+q(x)u(x,t)=δ(x,t)and u|t<0=0,consider an inverse problem of determining q(x),x∈Ωfrom data f=u|sT and g=(σu/σn)|sT.HereΩ■{(X1,x2,x3)∈R^(3)|X1>0}is a bounded domain,ST={(x,t)|x∈a2,|x|<t<T+|x|},n=n(x)is the outward unit normal n to aΩ,and T>0.For suitable T>0,prove a Lipschitz stability estimation:||q1-q2||L^(2)(Ω)≤C{||f1-f2||H^(1)(ST)+||g1-g2||L^(2)(ST)},provided that q1 satisfies a priori uniform boundedness conditions and q2 satisfies apriori uniform smallness conditions,where ux is the solution to problem(1.1)withq=qk,k=1,2.
基金support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.21703104 and 91956109)Zhejiang Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China(No.2022XHSJJ002)+2 种基金Hangzhou Municipal Funding(No.TD2022004)Nanjing Tech University(No.39837131)SICAM Fellowship from Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Centre for Advanced Materials。
文摘Heterogeneous doping is one effective strategy for synthesizing metal alloy nanowires.Herein,the heterogeneous doping processes of Pd on the ultrathin Au nanowires were systematically modulated and investigated.Au-Pd alloy nanowires with various morphologies and lattice structures can be obtained by adjusting the morphology of the precursor Au nanowires and the kinetics of the heterogeneous doping processes.The effects of the rate of Pd reduction and the concentration of the ligand oleylamine(OAm)on the Pd deposition and alloying mode were articulated.Generally,as the Pd deposition rate decreases,the Pd deposition and alloying mode switches from the island-forming Stransky–Krastanov(SK)mode to the epitaxial Frank-van der Merwe(FM)mode,and eventually to an unconventional twisting alloying mode,where the interdiffusion of Pd and Au causes drastic rearrangement of the lattice structure and formation of helical structures.The kinetics-related variation of alloying mode could also be observed in the Au-Ag nanowires,demonstrating a general design principle for the synthesis of alloy nanostructures.In addition,the electrocatalytic performance of various Au-Pd nanowires was evaluated,and the alloy nanowire formed via the SK mode was found to be an excellent electrocatalyst for oxygen reduction and ethanol oxidation.
基金supported by grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(31701418 and 32072002)the Natural Science Basic Research Plan in Shaanxi Province of China(2019JCW-18)and the 111 Project from the Ministry of Education of China(B07049).
文摘Drought is a major environmental factor limiting wheat production worldwide,and developing drought-tolerant cultivars is a central challenge for wheat breeders globally.Therefore,it is important to identify genetic components determining drought tolerance in wheat.In this study,we identified a wheat NAC gene(TaNAC071-A)that is tightly associated with drought tolerance by a genome-wide association study.Knockdown of TaNAC071-A in wheat attenuated plant drought tolerance,whereas its overexpression significantly enhanced drought tolerance through improved water-use efficiency and increased expression of stress-responsive genes.This heightened water-saving mechanism mitigated the yield loss caused by water deficit.Further candidate gene association analysis showed that a 108-bp insertion in the promoter of TaNAC071-A alters its expression level and contributes to variation in drought tolerance among wheat accessions.This insertion contains two MYB cis-regulatory elements(CREs)that can be directly bound by the MYB transcription activator,TaMYBL1,thereby leading to increased TaNAC071-A expression and plant drought tolerance.Importantly,introgression of this 108-bp insertion allele,TaNAC071-AIn-693,into drought-sensitive cultivars could improve their drought tolerance,demonstrating that it is a valuable genetic resource for wheat breeding.Taken together,our findings highlight a major breakthrough in determining the genetic basis underlying phenotypic variation in wheat drought tolerance and showcase the potential of exploiting CRE-containing indels for improving important agronomical traits.
基金This work was supported in part by grants from the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2017YFA0104401)the National Natural Scientific Foundation of China(32130039,31970831,and 31630038)the Project for Extramural Scientists of State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology from China Agricultural University(2021SKLAB6-3,2021SKLAB6-4,2019SKLAB6-6,and 2019SKLAB6-7).
文摘Invariant natural killer T(iNKT)cells are highly conserved innate-like T lymphocytes that originate from CD4^(+)CD8^(+)double-positive(DP)thymocytes.Here,we report that serine/arginine splicing factor 1(SRSF1)intrinsically regulates iNKT cell development by directly targeting Myb and balancing the abundance of short and long isoforms.Conditional ablation of SRSF1 in DP cells led to a substantially diminished iNKT cell pool due to defects in proliferation,survival,and TCRαrearrangement.The transition from stage 0 to stage 1 of iNKT cells was substantially blocked,and the iNKT2 subset was notably diminished in SRSF1-deficient mice.SRSF1 deficiency resulted in aberrant expression of a series of regulators that are tightly correlated with iNKT cell development and iNKT2 differentiation,including Myb,PLZF,Gata3,ICOS,and CD5.In particular,we found that SRSF1 directly binds and regulates pre-mRNA alternative splicing of Myb and that the expression of the short isoform of Myb is substantially reduced in SRSF1-deficient DP and iNKT cells.Strikingly,ectopic expression of the Myb short isoform partially rectified the defects caused by ablation of SRSF1.Furthermore,we confirmed that the SRSF1-deficient mice exhibited resistance to acute liver injury uponα-GalCer and Con A induction.Our findings thus uncovered a previously unknown role of SRSF1 as an essential post-transcriptional regulator in iNKT cell development and functional differentiation,providing new clinical insights into iNKT-correlated disease.
基金supported by a senior investigator LWW’s fundings from the Innovation Group Project of Shanghai Municipal Health Commission(2019CXJQ03),National Natural Science Foundation of China(81874048),Shang-haiMunicipal Commission of Health and Family Planning(2018ZHYL0223),Fostering Fund of Renji Hospital affili-ated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine(PYIV-17-001),Shanghai Municipal Commission of Health and Family Planning Grant(2018ZHYL0223),Clinical Research Plan of SHDC(No.SHDC2020CR1035B),Shang-hai Key Clinical Speciality(Oncology),Shanghai leading talents project,Innovative research teamof high-level local universities in Shanghai.Also supported by XFZ’s grant from Clinical plus Excellence Project(2020ZYA003)from Shanghai Nucleic Acid Chemistry and Nanomedicine Key Laboratory.
文摘To the editor,Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma(PDAC)has the worst prognosis among all common malignant solid tumors,with a 5-year overall survival(OS)rate of less than 10%[1].Few effective targets for anticancer ther-apy have been confirmed in pancreatic cancer.Recently,it was substantiated that pancreatic cancer patients carry-ing deleterious mutations of the DNA damage response(DDR)genes are more likely to benefit from platinum-based chemotherapy[2]and poly(adenosine diphosphate-ribose)polymerase(PARP)inhibitor[3].
