Microneedles(MNs)have attracted increasing attention as a transdermal delivery system(TDDS)[1].However,traditional volatile Chinese medicines cannot be dissolved in conventional soluble MN materials,such as hyaluronic...Microneedles(MNs)have attracted increasing attention as a transdermal delivery system(TDDS)[1].However,traditional volatile Chinese medicines cannot be dissolved in conventional soluble MN materials,such as hyaluronic acid and chitosan,making it difficult for many traditional Chinese medicine ingredients to be applied to MN.Elemene(ELE)was successfully isolated from Curcuma longa,and has numerous antitumor and curative effects[2].展开更多
Cancer immunotherapy is a novel cancer treatment strategy.Studies increasingly demonstrate that the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment(TME)can inhibit effector T cells from attacking tumor cells[1],a pivotal iss...Cancer immunotherapy is a novel cancer treatment strategy.Studies increasingly demonstrate that the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment(TME)can inhibit effector T cells from attacking tumor cells[1],a pivotal issue in solid tumors immunotherapy.Macrophages are abundant and have an impact on the immunemicroenvironment in tumors[2].Most leukocytes in TME are M2 phenotype macrophages,which can promote tumor growth and cause immunosuppression[3].M1 phenotype macrophages not only kill tumor cells,but they also play a dominant role in orchestrating cancer-related inflammation(CRI).The conversion of tumor-associated macrophages(TAMs)from M2 phenotype to M1 phenotype appears to be the main route to reversing the immunosuppressive TME.展开更多
To address the scheduling problem involving energy storage systems and uncertain energy,we propose a method based on multi-stage robust optimization.This approach aims to regulate the energy storage system by using a ...To address the scheduling problem involving energy storage systems and uncertain energy,we propose a method based on multi-stage robust optimization.This approach aims to regulate the energy storage system by using a multi-stage robust optimal control method,which helps overcome the limitations of traditional methods in terms of time scale.The goal is to effectively utilize the energy storage power station system to address issues caused by unpredictable variations in environmental energy and fluctuating load throughout the day.To achieve this,a mathematical model is constructed to represent uncertain energy sources such as photovoltaic and wind power.The generalized Benders Decomposition method is then employed to solve the multi-stage objective optimization problem.By decomposing the problem into a series of sub-objectives,the system scale is effectively reduced,and the algorithm’s convergence ability is improved.Compared with other algorithms,the multi-stage robust optimization model has better economy and convergence ability and can be used to guide the power dispatching of uncertain energy and energy storage systems.展开更多
Shapley value is one of the most fundamental concepts in cooperative games.This paper investigates the calculation of the Shapley value for cooperative games and establishes a new formula via carrier.Firstly,a necessa...Shapley value is one of the most fundamental concepts in cooperative games.This paper investigates the calculation of the Shapley value for cooperative games and establishes a new formula via carrier.Firstly,a necessary and sufficient condition is presented for the verification of carrier,based on which an algorithm is worked out to find the unique minimum carrier.Secondly,by virtue of the properties of minimum carrier,it is proved that the profit allocated to dummy players(players which do not belong to the minimum carrier)is zero,and the profit allocated to players in minimum carrier is only determined by the minimum carrier.Then,a new formula of the Shapley value is presented,which greatly reduces the computational complexity of the original formula,and shows that the Shapley value only depends on the minimum carrier.Finally,based on the semi-tensor product(STP)of matrices,the obtained new formula is converted into an equivalent algebraic form,which makes the new formula convenient for calculation via MATLAB.展开更多
To investigate the anaerobic fungal diversity in the rumen of gayals(Bos frontalis), Yunnan yellow cattle, yaks, and Tibetan yellow cattle, the ITS region of ruminal anaerobic fungi was sequenced. The anaerobic fungi ...To investigate the anaerobic fungal diversity in the rumen of gayals(Bos frontalis), Yunnan yellow cattle, yaks, and Tibetan yellow cattle, the ITS region of ruminal anaerobic fungi was sequenced. The anaerobic fungi found in four types of cattle could be divided into 16 groups(Neocallimastix, Anaeromyces, Orpinomyces, Caecomyces, Cyllamyces and unknown groups 1-11). There were 10 anaerobic fungal groups in the rumen of gayals, with three belonging to known genera(Orpinomyces, Neocallimastix, and Caecomyces), which accounted for 2.8% of sequences of gayals. There were fewer known anaerobic fungi in gayals than in Yunnan yellow cattle(Orpinomyces), yaks(Anaeromyces, Orpinomyces, and Cyllamyces) and Tibetan yellow cattle(Anaeromyces, Orpinomyces, Caecomyces, and Cyllamyces), accounting for 30.7%, 93.9%, and 35% of each of the relevant cattle species. The other seven unknown groups(NG1, NG4, NG6, NG7, NG9, NG10, and NG11) accounted for 91.6% of sequences from gayals, which was higher than Yunnan yellow cattle [69.3%(NG2, NG8 and NG9)], Tibetan yellow cattle [35%(NG4, NG5 and NG9)], and yaks [6.1%(NG3)]. Furthermore, NG1, NG6, NG7, NG10, and NG11 were only found in gayals,whereas NG3 and NG5 were found only in Tibetan yellow cattle and yak, respectively. Piromyces was not found in any of the four types of cattle. The anaerobic fungi abundance in the rumen of gayals was significantly higher than that of the other three types of cattle. The ruminal anaerobic fungi of gayals might have an important role in cellulose degradation, resulting in the ability of this species to successfully graze coarser fodder.展开更多
Dear Editor,Nitrification,the only process linking the oxidation and reduction of N in natural ecosystems,plays a vital role in maintaining global N equilibrium.Ammonia oxidation is the first and rate-limiting step of...Dear Editor,Nitrification,the only process linking the oxidation and reduction of N in natural ecosystems,plays a vital role in maintaining global N equilibrium.Ammonia oxidation is the first and rate-limiting step of aerobic nitrification and is performed by ammonia-oxidizing bacteria(AOB).展开更多
Let G be a graph. If there exists a spanning subgraph F such that dF(x) ∈ {1,3,…2n – 1}, then is called to be (1,2n – 1)-odd factor of G. Some sufficient and necessary conditions are given for G – U to have (1,2n...Let G be a graph. If there exists a spanning subgraph F such that dF(x) ∈ {1,3,…2n – 1}, then is called to be (1,2n – 1)-odd factor of G. Some sufficient and necessary conditions are given for G – U to have (1,2n – 1)-odd factor where U is any subset of V(G) such that |U| = k.展开更多
A simulation algorithm concerning problem B of 09 CUMCM is given. By introducing the concept of bed vector, clinic matrix, arrangement matrix and priority vector, the information about clinic, bed and arrangement will...A simulation algorithm concerning problem B of 09 CUMCM is given. By introducing the concept of bed vector, clinic matrix, arrangement matrix and priority vector, the information about clinic, bed and arrangement will be stored and analyzed via MATLAB. By the algorithm the continuously updating of data has been simulated successfully.展开更多
For this model, this paper studies the method and application of the diagnostic mostly. Firstly, the primary model is transformed to varying-coefficient model by using a general transformation method. Secondly, a simp...For this model, this paper studies the method and application of the diagnostic mostly. Firstly, the primary model is transformed to varying-coefficient model by using a general transformation method. Secondly, a simple estimation form of the coefficient functions is obtained by employing the B spline. Then, local influence is discussed and concise influence matrix is obtained. At last, an example is given to illustrate our results.展开更多
Nearly thirty years, the diagnosis and influence analysis of linear regression model has been fully developed. So far the local influence analysis of the generalized linear model has not yet seen in the literature. In...Nearly thirty years, the diagnosis and influence analysis of linear regression model has been fully developed. So far the local influence analysis of the generalized linear model has not yet seen in the literature. In this paper, local influence is discussed. Then, concise influence matrix is obtained. At last, an example is given to illustrate our results.展开更多
In this work, we consider statistical diagnostic for random right censored data based on K-M product limit estimator. Under the definition of K-M product limit estimator, we obtain that the relation formula between es...In this work, we consider statistical diagnostic for random right censored data based on K-M product limit estimator. Under the definition of K-M product limit estimator, we obtain that the relation formula between estimators. Similar to complete data, we define likelihood displacement and likelihood ratio statistic. Through a real data application, we show that our proposed procedure is validity.展开更多
In this paper, we investigate the empirical likelihood diagnosis of modal linear regression models. The empirical likelihood ratio function based on modal regression estimation method for the regression coefficient is...In this paper, we investigate the empirical likelihood diagnosis of modal linear regression models. The empirical likelihood ratio function based on modal regression estimation method for the regression coefficient is introduced. First, the estimation equation based on empirical likelihood method is established. Then, some diagnostic statistics are proposed. At last, we also examine the performance of proposed method for finite sample sizes through simulation study.展开更多
The aim of this paper is to propose some diagnostic methods in stochastic restricted linear regression models. A review of stochastic restricted linear regression models is given. For the model, this paper studies the...The aim of this paper is to propose some diagnostic methods in stochastic restricted linear regression models. A review of stochastic restricted linear regression models is given. For the model, this paper studies the method and application of the diagnostic mostly. Firstly, review the estimators of this model. Secondly, show that the case deletion model is equivalent to the mean shift outlier model for diagnostic purpose. Then, some diagnostic statistics are given. At last, example is given to illustrate our results.展开更多
In this paper, a varying-coefficient density-ratio model for case-control studies is developed. We investigate the local empirical likelihood diagnosis of varying coefficient density-ratio model for case-control data....In this paper, a varying-coefficient density-ratio model for case-control studies is developed. We investigate the local empirical likelihood diagnosis of varying coefficient density-ratio model for case-control data. The local empirical log-likelihood ratios for the nonparametric coefficient functions are introduced. First, the estimation equations based on empirical likelihood method are established. Then, a few of diagnostic statistics are proposed. At last, we also examine the performance of proposed method for finite sample sizes through simulation studies.展开更多
In this work, we consider statistical diagnostic for general transformation models with right censored data based on empirical likelihood. The models are a class of flexible semiparametric survival models and include ...In this work, we consider statistical diagnostic for general transformation models with right censored data based on empirical likelihood. The models are a class of flexible semiparametric survival models and include many popular survival models as their special cases. Based on empirical likelihood methodologe, we define some diagnostic statistics. Through some simulation studies, we show that out proposed procedure can work fairly well.展开更多
To understand citizens’awareness,trust and attitude towards Tradition Chinese medicine(TCM),to seek the best penetration path of TCM products and culture,to analyze their influencing factors,and to provide suggestion...To understand citizens’awareness,trust and attitude towards Tradition Chinese medicine(TCM),to seek the best penetration path of TCM products and culture,to analyze their influencing factors,and to provide suggestions and countermeasures,a non-probabilistic judgment sampling method was used to conduct a survey among 459 people online with the help of Questionnaire Star and 434 valid questionnaires were collected.The survey shows that residents have a high degree of recognition and identification of Chinese medicine;citizens are rational when choosing TCM products,and the recognition of the emerging TCM culture infiltration path is low.Different social and demographic factors affect citizens’awareness,trust and attitude towards TCM,as well as the choice of infiltration path(P<0.05).展开更多
The infinite generator of α-times Integrated C semigroups and the properties of resolvent are given. At the same time, we discuss the relationship between the existence of strong solution of a class of nonhomogeneous...The infinite generator of α-times Integrated C semigroups and the properties of resolvent are given. At the same time, we discuss the relationship between the existence of strong solution of a class of nonhomogeneous abstract Cauchy problem and α-times integrated C semigroups, and a sufficient and necessary condition is obtained.展开更多
Lanthanum manganite with cation vacancies from nominal La（0.75）Sr（0.25）Mn（0.92）△（0.08）O（3-δ） nanocrystalline powder was successfully prepared at different calcination temperatures using the sol-gel method....Lanthanum manganite with cation vacancies from nominal La（0.75）Sr（0.25）Mn（0.92）△（0.08）O（3-δ） nanocrystalline powder was successfully prepared at different calcination temperatures using the sol-gel method. X-ray diffraction shows that as the calcination temperature（T（Cal）） increases, the crystal particle diameter increases, but the B-site vacancy content decreases. According to a powder diffraction profile fitting technique and transmission electron microscopy results, the vacancy content can be estimated as 0.08,0.01, and 0.005 for T（Cal） = 1073,1273, and 1473 K, respectively. Magnetization versus temperature curves show that the magnetic transition temperatures, including the Curie temperature, are influenced by both B-site vacancies and double-exchange interaction between Mn^（3＋） and Mn^（4＋） cations. A core-shell model is proposed for vacancies located on the surfaces of the crystal particles. As an application, the magnetic moment angle θ（ij） between Mn^（3＋） and Mn^（4＋） cations on the surface, which decreases with decreasing vacancy content, can be obtained.展开更多
Peptidyl arginine deiminase 4(PAD4)plays a pivotal role in infection and inflammatory diseases by facilitating the formation of neutrophil extracellular traps(NETs).However,the substrates of PAD4 and its exact role in...Peptidyl arginine deiminase 4(PAD4)plays a pivotal role in infection and inflammatory diseases by facilitating the formation of neutrophil extracellular traps(NETs).However,the substrates of PAD4 and its exact role in inflammatory bowel disease(IBD)remain unclear.In this study,we employed single-cell RNA sequencing(scRNA-seq)and substrate citrullination mapping to decipher the role of PAD4 in intestinal inflammation associated with IBD.Our results demonstrated that PAD4 deficiency alleviated colonic inflammation and restored intestinal barrier function in a dextran sulfate sodium(DSS)-induced colitis mouse model.scRNA-seq analysis revealed significant alterations in intestinal cell populations,with reduced neutrophil numbers and changes in epithelial subsets upon PAD4 deletion.Gene expression analysis highlighted pathways related to inflammation and epithelial cell function.Furthermore,we found that neutrophil-derived extracellular vesicles(EVs)carrying PAD4 were secreted into intestinal epithelial cells(IECs).Within IECs,PAD4 citrullinates mitochondrial creatine kinase 1(CKMT1)at the R242 site,leading to reduced CKMT1 protein stability via the autophagy pathway.This action compromises mitochondrial homeostasis,impairs intestinal barrier integrity,and induces IECs apoptosis.IEC-specific depletion of CKMT1 exacerbated intestinal inflammation and apoptosis in mice with colitis.Clinical analysis of IBD patients revealed elevated levels of PAD4,increased CKMT1 citrullination,and decreased CKMT1 expression.In summary,our findings highlight the crucial role of PAD4 in IBD,where it modulates IECs plasticity via CKMT1 citrullination,suggesting that PAD4 may be a potential therapeutic target for IBD.展开更多
基金supported by Shandong Provincial Natural Science Foundation Innovation and Development Joint Project,China(Grant No.:ZR2021LZY039)Zhejiang Provincial Traditional Chinese Medicine Science and Technology Plan,China(Grant No.:2021ZB184)。
文摘Microneedles(MNs)have attracted increasing attention as a transdermal delivery system(TDDS)[1].However,traditional volatile Chinese medicines cannot be dissolved in conventional soluble MN materials,such as hyaluronic acid and chitosan,making it difficult for many traditional Chinese medicine ingredients to be applied to MN.Elemene(ELE)was successfully isolated from Curcuma longa,and has numerous antitumor and curative effects[2].
基金supported by Zhejiang Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.:LY20H160008)the Huadong Medicine Joint Funds of the Zhejiang Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.:LHDMZ22H300001)National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.:82074052).
文摘Cancer immunotherapy is a novel cancer treatment strategy.Studies increasingly demonstrate that the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment(TME)can inhibit effector T cells from attacking tumor cells[1],a pivotal issue in solid tumors immunotherapy.Macrophages are abundant and have an impact on the immunemicroenvironment in tumors[2].Most leukocytes in TME are M2 phenotype macrophages,which can promote tumor growth and cause immunosuppression[3].M1 phenotype macrophages not only kill tumor cells,but they also play a dominant role in orchestrating cancer-related inflammation(CRI).The conversion of tumor-associated macrophages(TAMs)from M2 phenotype to M1 phenotype appears to be the main route to reversing the immunosuppressive TME.
文摘To address the scheduling problem involving energy storage systems and uncertain energy,we propose a method based on multi-stage robust optimization.This approach aims to regulate the energy storage system by using a multi-stage robust optimal control method,which helps overcome the limitations of traditional methods in terms of time scale.The goal is to effectively utilize the energy storage power station system to address issues caused by unpredictable variations in environmental energy and fluctuating load throughout the day.To achieve this,a mathematical model is constructed to represent uncertain energy sources such as photovoltaic and wind power.The generalized Benders Decomposition method is then employed to solve the multi-stage objective optimization problem.By decomposing the problem into a series of sub-objectives,the system scale is effectively reduced,and the algorithm’s convergence ability is improved.Compared with other algorithms,the multi-stage robust optimization model has better economy and convergence ability and can be used to guide the power dispatching of uncertain energy and energy storage systems.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.62073202,No.61873150)the Young Experts of Taishan Scholar Project(No.tsqn201909076)the Natural Science Fund for Distinguished Young Scholars of Shandong Province(No.JQ201613).
文摘Shapley value is one of the most fundamental concepts in cooperative games.This paper investigates the calculation of the Shapley value for cooperative games and establishes a new formula via carrier.Firstly,a necessary and sufficient condition is presented for the verification of carrier,based on which an algorithm is worked out to find the unique minimum carrier.Secondly,by virtue of the properties of minimum carrier,it is proved that the profit allocated to dummy players(players which do not belong to the minimum carrier)is zero,and the profit allocated to players in minimum carrier is only determined by the minimum carrier.Then,a new formula of the Shapley value is presented,which greatly reduces the computational complexity of the original formula,and shows that the Shapley value only depends on the minimum carrier.Finally,based on the semi-tensor product(STP)of matrices,the obtained new formula is converted into an equivalent algebraic form,which makes the new formula convenient for calculation via MATLAB.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(31672452)the Natural Science Foundation of Yunnan Province(2014FA033)the Foundation of Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal and Feed Science(DYCX2015001)
文摘To investigate the anaerobic fungal diversity in the rumen of gayals(Bos frontalis), Yunnan yellow cattle, yaks, and Tibetan yellow cattle, the ITS region of ruminal anaerobic fungi was sequenced. The anaerobic fungi found in four types of cattle could be divided into 16 groups(Neocallimastix, Anaeromyces, Orpinomyces, Caecomyces, Cyllamyces and unknown groups 1-11). There were 10 anaerobic fungal groups in the rumen of gayals, with three belonging to known genera(Orpinomyces, Neocallimastix, and Caecomyces), which accounted for 2.8% of sequences of gayals. There were fewer known anaerobic fungi in gayals than in Yunnan yellow cattle(Orpinomyces), yaks(Anaeromyces, Orpinomyces, and Cyllamyces) and Tibetan yellow cattle(Anaeromyces, Orpinomyces, Caecomyces, and Cyllamyces), accounting for 30.7%, 93.9%, and 35% of each of the relevant cattle species. The other seven unknown groups(NG1, NG4, NG6, NG7, NG9, NG10, and NG11) accounted for 91.6% of sequences from gayals, which was higher than Yunnan yellow cattle [69.3%(NG2, NG8 and NG9)], Tibetan yellow cattle [35%(NG4, NG5 and NG9)], and yaks [6.1%(NG3)]. Furthermore, NG1, NG6, NG7, NG10, and NG11 were only found in gayals,whereas NG3 and NG5 were found only in Tibetan yellow cattle and yak, respectively. Piromyces was not found in any of the four types of cattle. The anaerobic fungi abundance in the rumen of gayals was significantly higher than that of the other three types of cattle. The ruminal anaerobic fungi of gayals might have an important role in cellulose degradation, resulting in the ability of this species to successfully graze coarser fodder.
基金funded by the National Science Foundation of China(No.42077035)。
文摘Dear Editor,Nitrification,the only process linking the oxidation and reduction of N in natural ecosystems,plays a vital role in maintaining global N equilibrium.Ammonia oxidation is the first and rate-limiting step of aerobic nitrification and is performed by ammonia-oxidizing bacteria(AOB).
文摘Let G be a graph. If there exists a spanning subgraph F such that dF(x) ∈ {1,3,…2n – 1}, then is called to be (1,2n – 1)-odd factor of G. Some sufficient and necessary conditions are given for G – U to have (1,2n – 1)-odd factor where U is any subset of V(G) such that |U| = k.
文摘A simulation algorithm concerning problem B of 09 CUMCM is given. By introducing the concept of bed vector, clinic matrix, arrangement matrix and priority vector, the information about clinic, bed and arrangement will be stored and analyzed via MATLAB. By the algorithm the continuously updating of data has been simulated successfully.
文摘For this model, this paper studies the method and application of the diagnostic mostly. Firstly, the primary model is transformed to varying-coefficient model by using a general transformation method. Secondly, a simple estimation form of the coefficient functions is obtained by employing the B spline. Then, local influence is discussed and concise influence matrix is obtained. At last, an example is given to illustrate our results.
文摘Nearly thirty years, the diagnosis and influence analysis of linear regression model has been fully developed. So far the local influence analysis of the generalized linear model has not yet seen in the literature. In this paper, local influence is discussed. Then, concise influence matrix is obtained. At last, an example is given to illustrate our results.
文摘In this work, we consider statistical diagnostic for random right censored data based on K-M product limit estimator. Under the definition of K-M product limit estimator, we obtain that the relation formula between estimators. Similar to complete data, we define likelihood displacement and likelihood ratio statistic. Through a real data application, we show that our proposed procedure is validity.
文摘In this paper, we investigate the empirical likelihood diagnosis of modal linear regression models. The empirical likelihood ratio function based on modal regression estimation method for the regression coefficient is introduced. First, the estimation equation based on empirical likelihood method is established. Then, some diagnostic statistics are proposed. At last, we also examine the performance of proposed method for finite sample sizes through simulation study.
文摘The aim of this paper is to propose some diagnostic methods in stochastic restricted linear regression models. A review of stochastic restricted linear regression models is given. For the model, this paper studies the method and application of the diagnostic mostly. Firstly, review the estimators of this model. Secondly, show that the case deletion model is equivalent to the mean shift outlier model for diagnostic purpose. Then, some diagnostic statistics are given. At last, example is given to illustrate our results.
文摘In this paper, a varying-coefficient density-ratio model for case-control studies is developed. We investigate the local empirical likelihood diagnosis of varying coefficient density-ratio model for case-control data. The local empirical log-likelihood ratios for the nonparametric coefficient functions are introduced. First, the estimation equations based on empirical likelihood method are established. Then, a few of diagnostic statistics are proposed. At last, we also examine the performance of proposed method for finite sample sizes through simulation studies.
文摘In this work, we consider statistical diagnostic for general transformation models with right censored data based on empirical likelihood. The models are a class of flexible semiparametric survival models and include many popular survival models as their special cases. Based on empirical likelihood methodologe, we define some diagnostic statistics. Through some simulation studies, we show that out proposed procedure can work fairly well.
基金2020 Shenyang Philosophy and Social Science Planning Fund project SZ202001L.
文摘To understand citizens’awareness,trust and attitude towards Tradition Chinese medicine(TCM),to seek the best penetration path of TCM products and culture,to analyze their influencing factors,and to provide suggestions and countermeasures,a non-probabilistic judgment sampling method was used to conduct a survey among 459 people online with the help of Questionnaire Star and 434 valid questionnaires were collected.The survey shows that residents have a high degree of recognition and identification of Chinese medicine;citizens are rational when choosing TCM products,and the recognition of the emerging TCM culture infiltration path is low.Different social and demographic factors affect citizens’awareness,trust and attitude towards TCM,as well as the choice of infiltration path(P<0.05).
文摘The infinite generator of α-times Integrated C semigroups and the properties of resolvent are given. At the same time, we discuss the relationship between the existence of strong solution of a class of nonhomogeneous abstract Cauchy problem and α-times integrated C semigroups, and a sufficient and necessary condition is obtained.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(11504078)the Key Project of the Education Department of Guizhou Province(KY2015379)+1 种基金Joint Funds of Department of Science and Technology of Guizhou Province,Liupanshui Administration of Science and Technology and Liupanshui Normal University(LH[2014]7449,LH[2014]7456)Research Foundation for Advanced Talents of Liupanshui Normal University(LPSSYKYJJ201404)
文摘Lanthanum manganite with cation vacancies from nominal La（0.75）Sr（0.25）Mn（0.92）△（0.08）O（3-δ） nanocrystalline powder was successfully prepared at different calcination temperatures using the sol-gel method. X-ray diffraction shows that as the calcination temperature（T（Cal）） increases, the crystal particle diameter increases, but the B-site vacancy content decreases. According to a powder diffraction profile fitting technique and transmission electron microscopy results, the vacancy content can be estimated as 0.08,0.01, and 0.005 for T（Cal） = 1073,1273, and 1473 K, respectively. Magnetization versus temperature curves show that the magnetic transition temperatures, including the Curie temperature, are influenced by both B-site vacancies and double-exchange interaction between Mn^（3＋） and Mn^（4＋） cations. A core-shell model is proposed for vacancies located on the surfaces of the crystal particles. As an application, the magnetic moment angle θ（ij） between Mn^（3＋） and Mn^（4＋） cations on the surface, which decreases with decreasing vacancy content, can be obtained.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.82100587,No.82170567)National Key R&D Program of China(No.2023YFC2413801,China)+6 种基金Shanghai Sailing Program(No.21YF1458700)China National Postdoctoral Program for Innovative Talents(No.BX20220288)China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(No.2022M720138)Program of Shanghai Academic Research Leader(No.22XD1425000)Deep Blue Project of Naval Medical University(Pilot Talent Plan)Basic Medical Research Project of the First Affiliated Hospital of Naval Medical University(No.2023PY06)“Changying”Talent Program of Changhai Hospital of Naval Medical University,and the“Changjian”Talent Program of Changhai Hospital of Naval Medical University.
文摘Peptidyl arginine deiminase 4(PAD4)plays a pivotal role in infection and inflammatory diseases by facilitating the formation of neutrophil extracellular traps(NETs).However,the substrates of PAD4 and its exact role in inflammatory bowel disease(IBD)remain unclear.In this study,we employed single-cell RNA sequencing(scRNA-seq)and substrate citrullination mapping to decipher the role of PAD4 in intestinal inflammation associated with IBD.Our results demonstrated that PAD4 deficiency alleviated colonic inflammation and restored intestinal barrier function in a dextran sulfate sodium(DSS)-induced colitis mouse model.scRNA-seq analysis revealed significant alterations in intestinal cell populations,with reduced neutrophil numbers and changes in epithelial subsets upon PAD4 deletion.Gene expression analysis highlighted pathways related to inflammation and epithelial cell function.Furthermore,we found that neutrophil-derived extracellular vesicles(EVs)carrying PAD4 were secreted into intestinal epithelial cells(IECs).Within IECs,PAD4 citrullinates mitochondrial creatine kinase 1(CKMT1)at the R242 site,leading to reduced CKMT1 protein stability via the autophagy pathway.This action compromises mitochondrial homeostasis,impairs intestinal barrier integrity,and induces IECs apoptosis.IEC-specific depletion of CKMT1 exacerbated intestinal inflammation and apoptosis in mice with colitis.Clinical analysis of IBD patients revealed elevated levels of PAD4,increased CKMT1 citrullination,and decreased CKMT1 expression.In summary,our findings highlight the crucial role of PAD4 in IBD,where it modulates IECs plasticity via CKMT1 citrullination,suggesting that PAD4 may be a potential therapeutic target for IBD.
