Petrochemical enterprises have become a major source of global greenhouse gas(GHG)emissions.Yet,due to the unavailability of basic data,there is still a lack of case studies to quantify GHG emissions and provide petro...Petrochemical enterprises have become a major source of global greenhouse gas(GHG)emissions.Yet,due to the unavailability of basic data,there is still a lack of case studies to quantify GHG emissions and provide petrochemical enterprises with guidelines for implementing energy conservation and emission reduction strategies.Therefore,this study conducted a life cycle assessment(LCA)analysis to estimate the GHG emissions of four typical petrochemical enterprises in China,using first-hand data,to determine possible emission reduction measures.The analytical data revealed that Dushanzi Petrochemical(DSP)has the highest GHG emission intensity(1.17 tons CO_(2)e/ton),followed by Urumqi Petrochemical(UP)(1.08 tons CO_(2)e/ton),Dalian Petrochemical(DLP)(average 0.58 tons CO_(2)e/ton)and Karamay Petrochemical(KP)(average 0.50 tons CO_(2)e/ton)over the whole life cycle.At the same time,GHG emissions during fossil fuel combustion were the largest contributor to the whole life cycle,accounting for about 77.31%–94.27% of the total emissions.In the fossil-fuel combustion phase,DSP had the highest unit GHG emissions(1.20 tons CO_(2)e),followed by UP(0.89 tons CO_(2)e).In the industrial production phase,DLP had the highest unit GHG emissions(average 0.13 tons CO_(2)e/ton),followed by UP(0.10 tons CO_(2)e/ton).During the torch burning phase,torch burning under accident conditions was the main source of GHG emissions.It is worth noting that the CO_(2) recovery stage has"negative value,"indicating that it will bring some environmental benefits.Further scenario analysis shows that effective policies and advanced technologies can further reduce GHG emissions.展开更多
Scheduled for launch in 2030,the enhanced X-ray Timing and Polarization(eXTP)telescope is a Chinese space-based mission aimed at studying extreme conditions and phenomena in astrophysics.eXTP will feature three main p...Scheduled for launch in 2030,the enhanced X-ray Timing and Polarization(eXTP)telescope is a Chinese space-based mission aimed at studying extreme conditions and phenomena in astrophysics.eXTP will feature three main payloads:Spectroscopy Focusing Array(SFA),Polarimetry Focusing Array(PFA),and a Wide-field Camera(W2C).This white paper outlines observatory science,incorporating key scientific advances and instrumental changes since the publication of the previous white paper.We will discuss perspectives of eXTP on the research domains of flare stars,supernova remnants,pulsar wind nebulae,cataclysmic variables,X-ray binaries,ultraluminous X-ray sources,active galactic nucleus(AGN),and pulsar-based positioning and timekeeping.展开更多
The intensification of climate change action has made air conditioners a key target for emission reductions.This study examines the factors influencing residents’willingness to buy(WTB)and willingness to pay(WTP)for ...The intensification of climate change action has made air conditioners a key target for emission reductions.This study examines the factors influencing residents’willingness to buy(WTB)and willingness to pay(WTP)for green air conditioners across six cities in the Pearl River Delta(PRD)region,aiming to understand consumer behavior and inform targeted market strategies.Using a novel Contingent Valuation Method(CVM),this study surveyed 1732 residents through online and face-to-face interviews.Binary logistic and ordered logistic regression analyses identified key factors affecting WTB and WTP,including gender,income,education,knowledge of green air conditioners,and confidence in their emission reduction potential.However,the study reveals significant regional disparities in WTP and payment amounts through the Kruskal-Wallis H and Mann-Whitney U tests.The results also highlight Shenzhen has significant difference and highest payment value than other cities.These findings provide valuable insights into regional disparities and common factors in green consumption,offering guidance for market strategies and policy development aimed at promoting green air conditioners.展开更多
We theoretically investigate the high-order harmonic generation(HHG)of defect-free solids by solving the timedependent Schrodinger equation(TDSE).The results show that the harmonic intensity can be enhanced,harmonic o...We theoretically investigate the high-order harmonic generation(HHG)of defect-free solids by solving the timedependent Schrodinger equation(TDSE).The results show that the harmonic intensity can be enhanced,harmonic order can be extended,and modulation near the cutoff order becomes smaller for the second plateau by increasing the time delay.These effects are due to an increase of the electron population in higher energy bands,where the larger band gap allows electrons to release more energy,and the long electronic paths are suppressed.Additionally,we also investigate the HHG of defective solids by Bohmian trajectories(BT).It is found that the harmonic intensity of the second plateau can be further enhanced.Simultaneously,cutoff order is also extended due to Bohmian particles moving farther away from the defective zone.展开更多
基金supported by the Ministry of Ecology and Environment of the People’s Republic of China(No.2110105)Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation(No.2019A1515011757)the Graduate Innovation Project of China University of Petroleum(East China)(No.YCX2021055)。
文摘Petrochemical enterprises have become a major source of global greenhouse gas(GHG)emissions.Yet,due to the unavailability of basic data,there is still a lack of case studies to quantify GHG emissions and provide petrochemical enterprises with guidelines for implementing energy conservation and emission reduction strategies.Therefore,this study conducted a life cycle assessment(LCA)analysis to estimate the GHG emissions of four typical petrochemical enterprises in China,using first-hand data,to determine possible emission reduction measures.The analytical data revealed that Dushanzi Petrochemical(DSP)has the highest GHG emission intensity(1.17 tons CO_(2)e/ton),followed by Urumqi Petrochemical(UP)(1.08 tons CO_(2)e/ton),Dalian Petrochemical(DLP)(average 0.58 tons CO_(2)e/ton)and Karamay Petrochemical(KP)(average 0.50 tons CO_(2)e/ton)over the whole life cycle.At the same time,GHG emissions during fossil fuel combustion were the largest contributor to the whole life cycle,accounting for about 77.31%–94.27% of the total emissions.In the fossil-fuel combustion phase,DSP had the highest unit GHG emissions(1.20 tons CO_(2)e),followed by UP(0.89 tons CO_(2)e).In the industrial production phase,DLP had the highest unit GHG emissions(average 0.13 tons CO_(2)e/ton),followed by UP(0.10 tons CO_(2)e/ton).During the torch burning phase,torch burning under accident conditions was the main source of GHG emissions.It is worth noting that the CO_(2) recovery stage has"negative value,"indicating that it will bring some environmental benefits.Further scenario analysis shows that effective policies and advanced technologies can further reduce GHG emissions.
基金supported by the China’s Space Origins Exploration Program,the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.12273010,12333007,12433004,12233002,12373041,and 12422306)the International Partnership Program of Chinese Academy of Sciences(Grant No.113111KYSB20190020)+9 种基金the Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(Grant No.XDA15020100)the Spanish MICIU(Grant Nos.PID2021-124581OB-I0,PID2024-155316NB-I00,and 2021SGR00426)the Ramon y Cajal Fellowship(Grant Nos.RYC2021-032718-I,and RYC2018-025950-I)the European Union NextGenerationEU/PRTR,the Spanish MINECO(Grant Nos.PID2022-136828NB-C44,and PID2023-148661NB-I00)the E.U.FEDER Funds,the AGAUR/Generalitat de Catalunya(Grant No.SGR-386/2021)the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft(DFG,German Research Foundation)-Projektnummer(Grant No.549824807)the Programma di Ricerca Fondamentale INAF 2023,the National SKA Program of China(Grant No.2020SKA0120300)the National Key R&D Program of China(Grant No.2021YFA0718500)the Xinjiang Tianchi Program,the Hong Kong Government under HKU(Grant No.17304524)the Bagui Scholars Program.
文摘Scheduled for launch in 2030,the enhanced X-ray Timing and Polarization(eXTP)telescope is a Chinese space-based mission aimed at studying extreme conditions and phenomena in astrophysics.eXTP will feature three main payloads:Spectroscopy Focusing Array(SFA),Polarimetry Focusing Array(PFA),and a Wide-field Camera(W2C).This white paper outlines observatory science,incorporating key scientific advances and instrumental changes since the publication of the previous white paper.We will discuss perspectives of eXTP on the research domains of flare stars,supernova remnants,pulsar wind nebulae,cataclysmic variables,X-ray binaries,ultraluminous X-ray sources,active galactic nucleus(AGN),and pulsar-based positioning and timekeeping.
基金funded by the Science and Technology Development Fund,Macao SAR,China(Nos.0033/2022/AFJ,0011/2023/AMJ,and 001/2022/NIF)the Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation,China(Nos.2023A1515012017).
文摘The intensification of climate change action has made air conditioners a key target for emission reductions.This study examines the factors influencing residents’willingness to buy(WTB)and willingness to pay(WTP)for green air conditioners across six cities in the Pearl River Delta(PRD)region,aiming to understand consumer behavior and inform targeted market strategies.Using a novel Contingent Valuation Method(CVM),this study surveyed 1732 residents through online and face-to-face interviews.Binary logistic and ordered logistic regression analyses identified key factors affecting WTB and WTP,including gender,income,education,knowledge of green air conditioners,and confidence in their emission reduction potential.However,the study reveals significant regional disparities in WTP and payment amounts through the Kruskal-Wallis H and Mann-Whitney U tests.The results also highlight Shenzhen has significant difference and highest payment value than other cities.These findings provide valuable insights into regional disparities and common factors in green consumption,offering guidance for market strategies and policy development aimed at promoting green air conditioners.
基金supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Jilin Province of China(Grant No.20230101014JC)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(Grant No.2572021BC05)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.12374265)。
文摘We theoretically investigate the high-order harmonic generation(HHG)of defect-free solids by solving the timedependent Schrodinger equation(TDSE).The results show that the harmonic intensity can be enhanced,harmonic order can be extended,and modulation near the cutoff order becomes smaller for the second plateau by increasing the time delay.These effects are due to an increase of the electron population in higher energy bands,where the larger band gap allows electrons to release more energy,and the long electronic paths are suppressed.Additionally,we also investigate the HHG of defective solids by Bohmian trajectories(BT).It is found that the harmonic intensity of the second plateau can be further enhanced.Simultaneously,cutoff order is also extended due to Bohmian particles moving farther away from the defective zone.
