Microplastic contamination is considered a major threat to the marine environment.Although microplastic pollution in the Pacific Ocean has been studied,its abundance,distribution,composition,and origin in the western ...Microplastic contamination is considered a major threat to the marine environment.Although microplastic pollution in the Pacific Ocean has been studied,its abundance,distribution,composition,and origin in the western Pacific Ocean remain unclear.Here,we investigated the abundance and distribution characteristics of microplastics in surface waters of the western Pacific Ocean and analyzed their potential sources.Results show that microplastics were widespread in the western Pacific Ocean,with abundance ranging from 0.03 to 2.36 particles/m^(3)(average 0.37±0.47 particles/m^(3)).Fibers/filaments and fragments were the main shapes of microplastics(71.6%)and the most abundant microplastic size class was<1.0 mm(42.4%).Significant differences in microplastic abundance were observed in different regions,with the lowest abundance in the South China Sea(0.03 particles/m^(3))and highest abundance in the seamount area in the western Pacific Ocean(0.58 particles/m^(3)).This study provides baseline data and insights into the fate and transportation of microplastics in the western Pacific region.展开更多
The harsh natural environment of Antarctica has led to a lack of research on the presence and transport mechanisms of organophosphate esters(OPEs) within its ecosystem.In this study,we analyzed levels of 11 OPEs in ai...The harsh natural environment of Antarctica has led to a lack of research on the presence and transport mechanisms of organophosphate esters(OPEs) within its ecosystem.In this study,we analyzed levels of 11 OPEs in air,soil,and vegetation samples collected during the 2018-2019 Chinese 35th Antarctic Scientific Expedition.Additionally,a level Ⅲ fugacity model was developed to simulate the movement and fate of detected OPEs in the air,soil,and vegetation of the Fildes Peninsula.Our model indicated that the primary OPEmigration pathway was from the atmosphere to the soil.OPE transportation primarily occurred through atmospheric wet deposition and rainwater dissolution.Among the 20 transport and transformation processes,atmospheric degradation was the most significant loss mechanism.The proposed model provides a method for continued investigation into the fate of OPEs in the Fildes Peninsula ecosystem.展开更多
Kongsfjorden is known for its characteristic multi-layer water mass formed by the convergence of freshwaters from nearby glaciers and rivers and saline water from the Atlantic and Arctic.The distribution of polycyclic...Kongsfjorden is known for its characteristic multi-layer water mass formed by the convergence of freshwaters from nearby glaciers and rivers and saline water from the Atlantic and Arctic.The distribution of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons(PAHs)in the water column of Kongsfjorden was investigated and their potential sources were analyzed.The total concentrations of 16 PAHs in the surface seawater and river water were in the range of 33.4-79.8 ng/L(mean 48.5 ng/L)and 2.3-201.4 ng/L(mean 126.1 ng/L),respectively.Horizontally,PAHs were mainly concentrated around river estuaries and the glacier front in the dissolved phase.Vertically,the PAHs in the particulate phase followed surface-enrichment and depth-depletion patterns in most stations,with the maximum concentration found at 50 m depth in the central area of Kongsfjorden.The compositions of PAHs in seawater and rivers were similar,with two-ring and tricyclic PAHs comprising the majority of the dissolved and particulate phases.PAHs found in Kongsfjorden waters appeared to be derived from multiple sources such as petroleum and coal combustion.PAHs in the bay mouth of Kongsfjorden were mainly introduced by the West Spitsbergen Current and the Arctic waters,while in the inner bay,atmospheric deposition and local sources were the major contributors.The distribution of PAHs was mainly attributed to the suspended particulate distribution.展开更多
Eleven organophosphate esters(OPEs)in the air and seawater were investigated from the northwestern Pacific Ocean to the Southern Ocean during the 2018 Chinese 34th Antarctic Scientific Expedition.The concentration of ...Eleven organophosphate esters(OPEs)in the air and seawater were investigated from the northwestern Pacific Ocean to the Southern Ocean during the 2018 Chinese 34th Antarctic Scientific Expedition.The concentration of total OPEs ranged from 164.82 to 3501.79 pg/m~3in air and from 4.54 to 70.09 ng/L in seawater.Two halogenated OPEs,tri(chloropropyl)phosphate(TCPP)and tri(2-chloroethyl)phosphate(TCEP),were generally more abundant than the non-halogenated OPEs.A levelⅢfugacity model was developed to simulate the transfer and fate of seven OPEs in the air and seawater regions of the central Ross Sea.The model results indicate that OPEs are transferred from the air to the seawater in the central Ross Sea in summer,during which the Ross Sea acts as a final OPE sink.Dry and wet deposition dominated the processes involving OPE transfer to seawater.The OPE degradation process was also found to be more pervasive in the atmosphere than in the seawater region.These findings highlights the importance of long-range transport of OPEs and their air–seawater interface behavior in the Antarctic.展开更多
Coastal lagoons provide many important services to human society,but their year-round use for aquaculture introduces large amounts of sewage.The contamination of antibiotic resistance genes(ARGs)is therefore of great ...Coastal lagoons provide many important services to human society,but their year-round use for aquaculture introduces large amounts of sewage.The contamination of antibiotic resistance genes(ARGs)is therefore of great concern.In this study,50 ARGs subtypes,two integrase genes(intl1,intl2),and 16S rRNA genes were detected by high-throughput quantitative PCR,and standard curves of all target genes were prepared for quantification.The occurrence and distribution of ARGs in a typical coastal lagoon(XinCun lagoon,China)were comprehensively explored.We detected 44 and 38 subtypes of ARGs in the water and sediment,respectively,and discuss the various factors influencing the fate of ARGs in the coastal lagoon.Macrolides-lincosamides-streptogramins B was the primary ARG type,and macB was the predominant subtype.Antibiotic efflux and antibiotic inactivation were the main ARG resistance mechanisms.The XinCun lagoon was divided into eight functional zones.The ARGs showed a distinct spatial distribution owing to the influence of microbial biomass and anthropogenic activity in different functional zones.Fishing rafts,abandoned fish ponds,the town sewage zone,and mangrove wetlands provided a large quantity of ARGs to the XinCun lagoon.Nutrients and heavy metals also significantly correlated with the fate of the ARGs,especially NO_(2)^(−)-N and Cu,which cannot be ignored.It is noteworthy that lagoon-barrier systems coupled with persistent pollutant inputs result in coastal lagoons acting as a“buffer pool”for ARGs,which can then accumulate and threaten the offshore environment.展开更多
基金Supported by the National Key Research and Development Program(No.2016YFC1402201)the China Ocean Mineral Resources R&D Association Project(No.DY135-E2-2-04)。
文摘Microplastic contamination is considered a major threat to the marine environment.Although microplastic pollution in the Pacific Ocean has been studied,its abundance,distribution,composition,and origin in the western Pacific Ocean remain unclear.Here,we investigated the abundance and distribution characteristics of microplastics in surface waters of the western Pacific Ocean and analyzed their potential sources.Results show that microplastics were widespread in the western Pacific Ocean,with abundance ranging from 0.03 to 2.36 particles/m^(3)(average 0.37±0.47 particles/m^(3)).Fibers/filaments and fragments were the main shapes of microplastics(71.6%)and the most abundant microplastic size class was<1.0 mm(42.4%).Significant differences in microplastic abundance were observed in different regions,with the lowest abundance in the South China Sea(0.03 particles/m^(3))and highest abundance in the seamount area in the western Pacific Ocean(0.58 particles/m^(3)).This study provides baseline data and insights into the fate and transportation of microplastics in the western Pacific region.
基金supported by the Joint Research Project of Hainan Province(No.ZDYF2024SHFZ085)Hainan Provincial Union Project of Sanya Yazhou Bay Science and Technology City(No.2021CXLH0009)+2 种基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.42006195 and 42376234)the Science Technology Project of Yazhou Bay Innovation Institute of Hainan Tropical Ocean University(No.2022CXYZD002)the Scientific Research of Hainan Tropical Ocean University(No.RHDRC202201).
文摘The harsh natural environment of Antarctica has led to a lack of research on the presence and transport mechanisms of organophosphate esters(OPEs) within its ecosystem.In this study,we analyzed levels of 11 OPEs in air,soil,and vegetation samples collected during the 2018-2019 Chinese 35th Antarctic Scientific Expedition.Additionally,a level Ⅲ fugacity model was developed to simulate the movement and fate of detected OPEs in the air,soil,and vegetation of the Fildes Peninsula.Our model indicated that the primary OPEmigration pathway was from the atmosphere to the soil.OPE transportation primarily occurred through atmospheric wet deposition and rainwater dissolution.Among the 20 transport and transformation processes,atmospheric degradation was the most significant loss mechanism.The proposed model provides a method for continued investigation into the fate of OPEs in the Fildes Peninsula ecosystem.
基金supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(2019YFD0901104)the National Natural Science Foun-dation of China(Nos.41976222,21377032)+1 种基金the Open Fund for the Key Laboratory of Ocean-Atmospheric Chemistry and Global Change,State Oceanic Administration(No.GCMAC1812)the Open Fund for the State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology(No.KF2018-05)。
文摘Kongsfjorden is known for its characteristic multi-layer water mass formed by the convergence of freshwaters from nearby glaciers and rivers and saline water from the Atlantic and Arctic.The distribution of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons(PAHs)in the water column of Kongsfjorden was investigated and their potential sources were analyzed.The total concentrations of 16 PAHs in the surface seawater and river water were in the range of 33.4-79.8 ng/L(mean 48.5 ng/L)and 2.3-201.4 ng/L(mean 126.1 ng/L),respectively.Horizontally,PAHs were mainly concentrated around river estuaries and the glacier front in the dissolved phase.Vertically,the PAHs in the particulate phase followed surface-enrichment and depth-depletion patterns in most stations,with the maximum concentration found at 50 m depth in the central area of Kongsfjorden.The compositions of PAHs in seawater and rivers were similar,with two-ring and tricyclic PAHs comprising the majority of the dissolved and particulate phases.PAHs found in Kongsfjorden waters appeared to be derived from multiple sources such as petroleum and coal combustion.PAHs in the bay mouth of Kongsfjorden were mainly introduced by the West Spitsbergen Current and the Arctic waters,while in the inner bay,atmospheric deposition and local sources were the major contributors.The distribution of PAHs was mainly attributed to the suspended particulate distribution.
基金supported by the Hainan Provincial Joint Project of Sanya Yazhou Bay Science and Technology City (No.2021CXLH0009)the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos.42006195 and 41976222)+1 种基金the Scientific Research Foundation of Hainan Tropical Ocean University (No.RHDRC202201)the Science and Technology Project of Yazhou Bay Innovation Institute of Hainan Tropical Ocean University (No.2022CXYZD002)。
文摘Eleven organophosphate esters(OPEs)in the air and seawater were investigated from the northwestern Pacific Ocean to the Southern Ocean during the 2018 Chinese 34th Antarctic Scientific Expedition.The concentration of total OPEs ranged from 164.82 to 3501.79 pg/m~3in air and from 4.54 to 70.09 ng/L in seawater.Two halogenated OPEs,tri(chloropropyl)phosphate(TCPP)and tri(2-chloroethyl)phosphate(TCEP),were generally more abundant than the non-halogenated OPEs.A levelⅢfugacity model was developed to simulate the transfer and fate of seven OPEs in the air and seawater regions of the central Ross Sea.The model results indicate that OPEs are transferred from the air to the seawater in the central Ross Sea in summer,during which the Ross Sea acts as a final OPE sink.Dry and wet deposition dominated the processes involving OPE transfer to seawater.The OPE degradation process was also found to be more pervasive in the atmosphere than in the seawater region.These findings highlights the importance of long-range transport of OPEs and their air–seawater interface behavior in the Antarctic.
基金The research was supported by the Hainan Provincial Joint Project of Sanya Yazhou Bay Science and Technology City(No.2021CXLH0009)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.41976222 and 42006195)+4 种基金the Scientific Research Foundation of Hainan Tropical Ocean University(No.RHDRC202201)the Science and Technology Project of Yazhou Bay Innovation Institute of Hainan Tropical Ocean University(No.2022CXYZD002)the National Key Research and Development Program of China(No.2019YFD0901104)the Open Fund for the Key Laboratory of Global Change and Marine-Atmospheric Chemistry(No.GCMAC 2010)the Open Fund of State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology(No.KF2018-05).
文摘Coastal lagoons provide many important services to human society,but their year-round use for aquaculture introduces large amounts of sewage.The contamination of antibiotic resistance genes(ARGs)is therefore of great concern.In this study,50 ARGs subtypes,two integrase genes(intl1,intl2),and 16S rRNA genes were detected by high-throughput quantitative PCR,and standard curves of all target genes were prepared for quantification.The occurrence and distribution of ARGs in a typical coastal lagoon(XinCun lagoon,China)were comprehensively explored.We detected 44 and 38 subtypes of ARGs in the water and sediment,respectively,and discuss the various factors influencing the fate of ARGs in the coastal lagoon.Macrolides-lincosamides-streptogramins B was the primary ARG type,and macB was the predominant subtype.Antibiotic efflux and antibiotic inactivation were the main ARG resistance mechanisms.The XinCun lagoon was divided into eight functional zones.The ARGs showed a distinct spatial distribution owing to the influence of microbial biomass and anthropogenic activity in different functional zones.Fishing rafts,abandoned fish ponds,the town sewage zone,and mangrove wetlands provided a large quantity of ARGs to the XinCun lagoon.Nutrients and heavy metals also significantly correlated with the fate of the ARGs,especially NO_(2)^(−)-N and Cu,which cannot be ignored.It is noteworthy that lagoon-barrier systems coupled with persistent pollutant inputs result in coastal lagoons acting as a“buffer pool”for ARGs,which can then accumulate and threaten the offshore environment.
