Based on the Chinese 19th National Antarctic Research Expedition,we carried out ship-based Antarctic sea-ice observa-tion on icebreaker Xue Long using Antarctic sea-ice process and climate(ASPeCt)criteria during austr...Based on the Chinese 19th National Antarctic Research Expedition,we carried out ship-based Antarctic sea-ice observa-tion on icebreaker Xue Long using Antarctic sea-ice process and climate(ASPeCt)criteria during austral summer.Sea-ice distribution data were obtained along nearly 6,500 km of the ship’s track.The measurement parameters included sea-ice thickness,sea-ice concentration,snow thickness,and floe size.Analysis showed the presence of the large spatial varia-tions of the observed sea-ice characteristics.Sea-ice concentration varied between 0 and 80 percent and reached its peak value in Weddell Sea because of the specific dynamical process affecting in summer sea-ice melting.There are large areas of open water along the study section.Sea ice and the upper snow thickness of the section varied between 10 cm and 210 cm and 2 cm and 80 cm,respectively,and each reaches its peak values near Amery ice shelf.The floe size varied from less than 10 cm and the maximum of more than 2,000 km along the section.展开更多
The success of initial feeding during the mouth-opening stage is crucial for the survival and growth of fish larvae.Carnivorous mandarin fish(Siniperca chuatsi)face unique challenges in capturing live prey during this...The success of initial feeding during the mouth-opening stage is crucial for the survival and growth of fish larvae.Carnivorous mandarin fish(Siniperca chuatsi)face unique challenges in capturing live prey during this period.The aim of this study was to explore the factors influencing initial feeding in mandarin fish larvae during the mouth-opening stage and validate their functional roles.Transcriptomic analysis of both first feeding and unfed larvae revealed significant changes in the expression of genes related to vision and taste,while fewer changes were observed in genes associated with olfaction.Further sensory inhibition experiments demonstrated that vision and taste are the primary sensory factors driving initial feeding,while olfaction plays a less significant role.Gene set enrichment analysis revealed that the mammalian target of rapamycin(mTOR)is a core regulatory factor in this process.In situ hybridization indicated significant changes in the expression and distribution of mTOR,agouti-related peptide(AgRP),and neuropeptide Y(NPY)before and after feeding.Rapamycin-mediated mTOR inhibition significantly reduced the expression of appetite stimulants(NPY,AgRP,GHRL,and orexin1)and decreased feeding rates.Moreover,we found that inhibiting mTOR signaling also lowered the expression of key digestive enzymes,including pepsin,lipase,and trypsin.In summary,our study identifies vision and taste as the primary sensory factors influencing initial feeding in mandarin fish and clarifies the critical role of the mTOR pathway in coordinating appetite regulation and digestive preparation.These mechanistic insights provide promising targets for improving feeding habit programs for this economically valuable species.展开更多
基金Funding for this study has been provided by Natural Science Foundation of China under contract No.40271026China Postdoctoral Science Foundation under contract No.20060400210+1 种基金China National Society Commonweal Research Project under contract No.2001DLA50040-03the support of K.C.Wong Education Foundation,Hong Kong
文摘Based on the Chinese 19th National Antarctic Research Expedition,we carried out ship-based Antarctic sea-ice observa-tion on icebreaker Xue Long using Antarctic sea-ice process and climate(ASPeCt)criteria during austral summer.Sea-ice distribution data were obtained along nearly 6,500 km of the ship’s track.The measurement parameters included sea-ice thickness,sea-ice concentration,snow thickness,and floe size.Analysis showed the presence of the large spatial varia-tions of the observed sea-ice characteristics.Sea-ice concentration varied between 0 and 80 percent and reached its peak value in Weddell Sea because of the specific dynamical process affecting in summer sea-ice melting.There are large areas of open water along the study section.Sea ice and the upper snow thickness of the section varied between 10 cm and 210 cm and 2 cm and 80 cm,respectively,and each reaches its peak values near Amery ice shelf.The floe size varied from less than 10 cm and the maximum of more than 2,000 km along the section.
基金funded by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2024YFD2401502 and 2023YFD2400600).
文摘The success of initial feeding during the mouth-opening stage is crucial for the survival and growth of fish larvae.Carnivorous mandarin fish(Siniperca chuatsi)face unique challenges in capturing live prey during this period.The aim of this study was to explore the factors influencing initial feeding in mandarin fish larvae during the mouth-opening stage and validate their functional roles.Transcriptomic analysis of both first feeding and unfed larvae revealed significant changes in the expression of genes related to vision and taste,while fewer changes were observed in genes associated with olfaction.Further sensory inhibition experiments demonstrated that vision and taste are the primary sensory factors driving initial feeding,while olfaction plays a less significant role.Gene set enrichment analysis revealed that the mammalian target of rapamycin(mTOR)is a core regulatory factor in this process.In situ hybridization indicated significant changes in the expression and distribution of mTOR,agouti-related peptide(AgRP),and neuropeptide Y(NPY)before and after feeding.Rapamycin-mediated mTOR inhibition significantly reduced the expression of appetite stimulants(NPY,AgRP,GHRL,and orexin1)and decreased feeding rates.Moreover,we found that inhibiting mTOR signaling also lowered the expression of key digestive enzymes,including pepsin,lipase,and trypsin.In summary,our study identifies vision and taste as the primary sensory factors influencing initial feeding in mandarin fish and clarifies the critical role of the mTOR pathway in coordinating appetite regulation and digestive preparation.These mechanistic insights provide promising targets for improving feeding habit programs for this economically valuable species.
