This study shared experiences in implementing infection prevention and control strategies in an observation area to minimize nosocomial infections of COVID‑19 in a 3A‑level general hospital in China,including area div...This study shared experiences in implementing infection prevention and control strategies in an observation area to minimize nosocomial infections of COVID‑19 in a 3A‑level general hospital in China,including area division,human resources and teamwork,instructions for infection control,and the establishment of workflow management groups in the operation center.These experiences will be helpful to countries,especially developing countries,who are fighting against COVID‑19 now and other infectious diseases in the future to control nosocomial infections.展开更多
Atomic force microscopy-based nanoscale infrared(nano-IR)techniques have revolutionized the study of perovskite materials by providing nanoscale chemical and structural insights.This perspective highlights its applica...Atomic force microscopy-based nanoscale infrared(nano-IR)techniques have revolutionized the study of perovskite materials by providing nanoscale chemical and structural insights.This perspective highlights its applications in mapping A-site cation distributions,charge accumulation,and additive effects as well as in tracking degradation and ion migration.Nano-IR’s nondestructive nature and ambient compatibility make it a valuable tool for perovskite research.However,challenges in resolution,sensitivity,and crosssectional analysis remain.We discuss these limitations and future advancements needed to fully harness nano-IR for optimizing perovskite materials in next-generation optoelectronic applications.展开更多
The reduced expression of miR-142-3p/5p in CD4^(+) T cells of SLE patients caused T cell hyperactivity and B cell hyperstimulation.This study aimed to investigate the mechanisms of regulating miR-142-3p/5p expression ...The reduced expression of miR-142-3p/5p in CD4^(+) T cells of SLE patients caused T cell hyperactivity and B cell hyperstimulation.This study aimed to investigate the mechanisms of regulating miR-142-3p/5p expression in SLE CD4^(+) T cells.The BCL-6 expression was significantly increased in SLE CD4^(+) T cells compared with normal controls,and the BCL-6 expression was inversely correlated with miR-142-3p/5p expression.BCL-6 suppresses the expression of miR-142-3p/5p by increasing H3K27me3 level and reducing H3K9/K14ac levels in SLE CD4^(+) T cells.BCL-6 regulates histone modifications in miR-142 promoter by recruiting EZH2 and HDAC5.Furthermore,we observed significantly decreased CD40L,ICOS,and IL-21 expression levels in SLE CD4^(+) T cells with BCL-6 interference,and obviously reduced autoantibody IgG production in autologous B cells co-cultured with BCL-6 inhibited SLE CD4^(+) T cells.Our study found that increased BCL-6 up-regulates H3K27me3 and down-regulates H3K9/14ac at miR-142 promoter in SLE CD4^(+) T cells.These factors induce a declination in miR-142-3p/5p expression,consequently resulting in CD4^(+) T cell hyperactivity.展开更多
Background： DNA hydroxymethylation refers to a chemical modification process in which 5-methylcytosine （5mC） is catalyzed to 5-hydroxymethylcytosine （5hmC） by ten-eleven translocation （TET） family proteins. Rec...Background： DNA hydroxymethylation refers to a chemical modification process in which 5-methylcytosine （5mC） is catalyzed to 5-hydroxymethylcytosine （5hmC） by ten-eleven translocation （TET） family proteins. Recent studies have revealed that aberrant TETs expression or 5hmC level may play important roles in the occurrence and development of various pathological and physiological processes including cancer and aging. This study aimed to explore the relation between aberrant DNA hydroxymethylation with skin photoaging and to investigate the levels of TETs, 5mC, and 5hmC expression 24 h after 40 mJ/cm^2 and 80 mJ/cm^2 doses of ultraviolet B （UVB） irradiation to HaCaT cells. Methods： To explore whether aberrant DNA hydroxymethylation is also related to skin photoaging, 40 mJ/cm^2 and 80 mJ/cm^2 doses of UVB were chosen to treat keratinocytes （HaCaT cells）. After 24 h of UVB irradiation, 5mC and 5hmC levels were determined by immunohistochemistry （IHC） and immunofluorescence （IF）, and at the same time, the expression levels of matrix metalloproteinase 1 （MMP-1） and TETs were assessed by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction or Western blot analysis. Results： After 40 mJ/cm^2 and 80 mJ/cm^2 doses of UVB exposure, both IHC and IF results showed that 5hmC levels increased significantly, while the 5mC levels did not exhibit significant changes in HaCaT cells, compared with HaCat cells without UVB exposure. Moreover, compared with HaCat cells without UVB exposure, the levels ofTET1, TET2, and TET3 mRNA and protein expression were significantly upregulated （mRNA： P = 0.0022 and 0.0043 for TET1; all P 〈 0.0001 for TET2; all P = 0.0006 for TET3; protein： P = 0.0012 and 0.0006 tbr TET 1 ; all P = 0.0022 for TET2; and all P = 0.0002 for TET3）, and the levels of MMP- 1 mRNA expression increased dose dependently in 40 mJ/cm^2 and 80 mJ/cm^2 UVB-irradiated groups. Conclusion： UVB radiation could cause increased 5hmC and TET expression, which might become a novel biomarker in UVB-related skin aging.展开更多
As a chronic systemic autoimmune disease,systemic lupus erythematosus(SLE)can influence multiple organs and systems.Although the pathological basis and risk factors for SLE have been extensively investigated,the exact...As a chronic systemic autoimmune disease,systemic lupus erythematosus(SLE)can influence multiple organs and systems.Although the pathological basis and risk factors for SLE have been extensively investigated,the exact pathogenesis of SLE remains to be explored.However,there is increasing evidence that T-cell−Bcell interactions promote the development of SLE,resulting in the generation of high-affinity antibodies[1].Tfh cells,a subgroup of T cells,can promote the formation of germinal centers,the maturation of B cells,and the differentiation of plasma cells[2].It has been found that multiple transcription factors(TFs)can regulate the generation of Tfh cells.For instance,B-cell lymphoma-6(BCL-6),an evolutionarily conserved zinc-finger protein,is an important positive transcription factor responsible for the differentiation and maturation of Tfh cells.In addition to maintaining the phenotype and GC response of Tfh cells,BCL-6 can also regulate the dynamics of T-cell−B-cell interactions and improve the efficiency of delivering help to B cells[3].展开更多
A new expectation-maximization（EM） algorithm is proposed to estimate the parameters of the truncated multinormal distribution with linear restriction on the variables. Compared with the generalized method of moments...A new expectation-maximization（EM） algorithm is proposed to estimate the parameters of the truncated multinormal distribution with linear restriction on the variables. Compared with the generalized method of moments（GMM） estimation and the maximum likelihood estimation（MLE） for the truncated multivariate normal distribution, the EM algorithm features in fast calculation and high accuracy which are shown in the simulation results. For the real data of the national college entrance exams（NCEE）, we estimate the distribution of the NCEE examinees＇ scores in Anhui, 2003, who were admitted to the university of science and technology of China（USTC）. Based on our analysis, we have also given the ratio truncated by the NCEE admission line of USTC in Anhui, 2003.展开更多
An M-estimation of the parameters in an undamped exponential signal model was proposed in Wu and Tam(IEEE Trans Signal Process 49(2):373–380,2001),and the estimation was shown to be consistent under mild assumptions....An M-estimation of the parameters in an undamped exponential signal model was proposed in Wu and Tam(IEEE Trans Signal Process 49(2):373–380,2001),and the estimation was shown to be consistent under mild assumptions.In this paper,the limiting distributions of the M-estimators are investigated.It is shown that they are asymptotically normally distributed under similar conditions as assumed in Wu and Tam(IEEE Trans Signal Process 49(2):373–380,2001).In addition,a recursive algorithm for computing the M-estimators of frequencies is proposed,and the strong consistency of these estimators is established.Monte Carlo simulation studies using Huber’sρfunction are also provided.展开更多
文摘This study shared experiences in implementing infection prevention and control strategies in an observation area to minimize nosocomial infections of COVID‑19 in a 3A‑level general hospital in China,including area division,human resources and teamwork,instructions for infection control,and the establishment of workflow management groups in the operation center.These experiences will be helpful to countries,especially developing countries,who are fighting against COVID‑19 now and other infectious diseases in the future to control nosocomial infections.
基金support by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(22227806,22374074,22004069,U24A20503)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(2024300444)Engineering Research Centre of Photoresist Materials,Ministry of Education.
文摘Atomic force microscopy-based nanoscale infrared(nano-IR)techniques have revolutionized the study of perovskite materials by providing nanoscale chemical and structural insights.This perspective highlights its applications in mapping A-site cation distributions,charge accumulation,and additive effects as well as in tracking degradation and ion migration.Nano-IR’s nondestructive nature and ambient compatibility make it a valuable tool for perovskite research.However,challenges in resolution,sensitivity,and crosssectional analysis remain.We discuss these limitations and future advancements needed to fully harness nano-IR for optimizing perovskite materials in next-generation optoelectronic applications.
基金by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.81402610 and No.81502733).
文摘The reduced expression of miR-142-3p/5p in CD4^(+) T cells of SLE patients caused T cell hyperactivity and B cell hyperstimulation.This study aimed to investigate the mechanisms of regulating miR-142-3p/5p expression in SLE CD4^(+) T cells.The BCL-6 expression was significantly increased in SLE CD4^(+) T cells compared with normal controls,and the BCL-6 expression was inversely correlated with miR-142-3p/5p expression.BCL-6 suppresses the expression of miR-142-3p/5p by increasing H3K27me3 level and reducing H3K9/K14ac levels in SLE CD4^(+) T cells.BCL-6 regulates histone modifications in miR-142 promoter by recruiting EZH2 and HDAC5.Furthermore,we observed significantly decreased CD40L,ICOS,and IL-21 expression levels in SLE CD4^(+) T cells with BCL-6 interference,and obviously reduced autoantibody IgG production in autologous B cells co-cultured with BCL-6 inhibited SLE CD4^(+) T cells.Our study found that increased BCL-6 up-regulates H3K27me3 and down-regulates H3K9/14ac at miR-142 promoter in SLE CD4^(+) T cells.These factors induce a declination in miR-142-3p/5p expression,consequently resulting in CD4^(+) T cell hyperactivity.
文摘Background： DNA hydroxymethylation refers to a chemical modification process in which 5-methylcytosine （5mC） is catalyzed to 5-hydroxymethylcytosine （5hmC） by ten-eleven translocation （TET） family proteins. Recent studies have revealed that aberrant TETs expression or 5hmC level may play important roles in the occurrence and development of various pathological and physiological processes including cancer and aging. This study aimed to explore the relation between aberrant DNA hydroxymethylation with skin photoaging and to investigate the levels of TETs, 5mC, and 5hmC expression 24 h after 40 mJ/cm^2 and 80 mJ/cm^2 doses of ultraviolet B （UVB） irradiation to HaCaT cells. Methods： To explore whether aberrant DNA hydroxymethylation is also related to skin photoaging, 40 mJ/cm^2 and 80 mJ/cm^2 doses of UVB were chosen to treat keratinocytes （HaCaT cells）. After 24 h of UVB irradiation, 5mC and 5hmC levels were determined by immunohistochemistry （IHC） and immunofluorescence （IF）, and at the same time, the expression levels of matrix metalloproteinase 1 （MMP-1） and TETs were assessed by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction or Western blot analysis. Results： After 40 mJ/cm^2 and 80 mJ/cm^2 doses of UVB exposure, both IHC and IF results showed that 5hmC levels increased significantly, while the 5mC levels did not exhibit significant changes in HaCaT cells, compared with HaCat cells without UVB exposure. Moreover, compared with HaCat cells without UVB exposure, the levels ofTET1, TET2, and TET3 mRNA and protein expression were significantly upregulated （mRNA： P = 0.0022 and 0.0043 for TET1; all P 〈 0.0001 for TET2; all P = 0.0006 for TET3; protein： P = 0.0012 and 0.0006 tbr TET 1 ; all P = 0.0022 for TET2; and all P = 0.0002 for TET3）, and the levels of MMP- 1 mRNA expression increased dose dependently in 40 mJ/cm^2 and 80 mJ/cm^2 UVB-irradiated groups. Conclusion： UVB radiation could cause increased 5hmC and TET expression, which might become a novel biomarker in UVB-related skin aging.
基金This work was supported by grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.81830097,81972921)the Nonprofit Central Research Institute Fund of Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences(2021-RC320-001,2020-RC320-003)+2 种基金the Hunan Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China(No.2020JJ5849)the Wisdom Accumulation and Talent Cultivation Project of the Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University(No.YX202101)Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities of Central South University(No.1053320216463).
文摘As a chronic systemic autoimmune disease,systemic lupus erythematosus(SLE)can influence multiple organs and systems.Although the pathological basis and risk factors for SLE have been extensively investigated,the exact pathogenesis of SLE remains to be explored.However,there is increasing evidence that T-cell−Bcell interactions promote the development of SLE,resulting in the generation of high-affinity antibodies[1].Tfh cells,a subgroup of T cells,can promote the formation of germinal centers,the maturation of B cells,and the differentiation of plasma cells[2].It has been found that multiple transcription factors(TFs)can regulate the generation of Tfh cells.For instance,B-cell lymphoma-6(BCL-6),an evolutionarily conserved zinc-finger protein,is an important positive transcription factor responsible for the differentiation and maturation of Tfh cells.In addition to maintaining the phenotype and GC response of Tfh cells,BCL-6 can also regulate the dynamics of T-cell−B-cell interactions and improve the efficiency of delivering help to B cells[3].
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation(Grant No.11571337,11271347,71172214)
文摘A new expectation-maximization（EM） algorithm is proposed to estimate the parameters of the truncated multinormal distribution with linear restriction on the variables. Compared with the generalized method of moments（GMM） estimation and the maximum likelihood estimation（MLE） for the truncated multivariate normal distribution, the EM algorithm features in fast calculation and high accuracy which are shown in the simulation results. For the real data of the national college entrance exams（NCEE）, we estimate the distribution of the NCEE examinees＇ scores in Anhui, 2003, who were admitted to the university of science and technology of China（USTC）. Based on our analysis, we have also given the ratio truncated by the NCEE admission line of USTC in Anhui, 2003.
文摘An M-estimation of the parameters in an undamped exponential signal model was proposed in Wu and Tam(IEEE Trans Signal Process 49(2):373–380,2001),and the estimation was shown to be consistent under mild assumptions.In this paper,the limiting distributions of the M-estimators are investigated.It is shown that they are asymptotically normally distributed under similar conditions as assumed in Wu and Tam(IEEE Trans Signal Process 49(2):373–380,2001).In addition,a recursive algorithm for computing the M-estimators of frequencies is proposed,and the strong consistency of these estimators is established.Monte Carlo simulation studies using Huber’sρfunction are also provided.
