Dear Editor,Growing clinical evidence shows that brain disorders are heterogeneous in phenotype,genetics,and neuropathology[1].Diagnosis and treatment tend to be affected by symptom presentation and the heterogeneity ...Dear Editor,Growing clinical evidence shows that brain disorders are heterogeneous in phenotype,genetics,and neuropathology[1].Diagnosis and treatment tend to be affected by symptom presentation and the heterogeneity of pathology,potentially hindering clinical trials in the development of medical treatment.Brain-based subtyping studies utilize magnetic resonance imaging(MRI)and data-driven methods to discover the subtypes of diseases,providing a new perspective on disease heterogeneity.展开更多
The Voronoi grain-based breakable block model(VGBBM)based on the combined finite-discrete element method(FDEM)was proposed to explicitly characterize the failure mechanism and predict the deformation behavior of hard-...The Voronoi grain-based breakable block model(VGBBM)based on the combined finite-discrete element method(FDEM)was proposed to explicitly characterize the failure mechanism and predict the deformation behavior of hard-rock mine pillars.The influence of the microscopic parameters on the macroscopic mechanical behavior was investigated using laboratory-scale models.The field-scale pillar models(width-to-height,W/H=1,2 and 3)were calibrated based on the empirically predicted stress-strain curves of Creighton mine pillars.The results indicated that as the W/H ratios increased,the VGBBM effectively predicted the transition from strain-softening to pseudo-ductile behavior in pillars,and explicitly captured the separated rock slabs and the V-shaped damage zones on both sides of pillars and conjugate shear bands in core zones of pillars.The volumetric strain field revealed significant compressional deformation in core zones of pillars.While the peak strains of W/H=1 and 2 pillars were relatively consistent,there were significant differences in the strain energy storage and release mechanism.W/H was the primary factor influencing the deformation and strain energy in the pillar core.The friction coefficient of the structural plane was also an important factor affecting the pillar strength and the weakest discontinuity angle.The fracture surface was controlled by the discontinuity angle and the friction coefficient.This study demonstrated the capability of the VGBBM in predicting the strengths and deformation behavior of hard-rock pillars in deep mine design.展开更多
Dynamic failure of rock masses around deep tunnels,such as fault-slip rockburst and seismic-induced collapse,can pose a significant threat to tunnel construction safety.One of the most significant factors that control...Dynamic failure of rock masses around deep tunnels,such as fault-slip rockburst and seismic-induced collapse,can pose a significant threat to tunnel construction safety.One of the most significant factors that control the accuracy of its risk assessment is the estimation of the ground motion around a tunnel caused by seismicity events.In general,the characteristic parameters of ground motion are estimated in terms of empirical scaling laws.However,these scaling laws make it difficult to accurately estimate the near-field ground motion parameters because the roles of control factors,such as tunnel geometry,damage zone distribution,and seismic source parameters,are not considered.For this,the finite fracturing seismic source model(FFSSM)proposed in this study is used to simulate the near-field ground motion characteristics around deep tunnels.Then,the amplification effects of ground motion caused by the interaction between seismic waves and deep tunnels and corresponding control factors are studied.The control effects of four factors on the near-field ground motion amplification effect are analyzed,including the main seismic source wavelength,tunnel span,tunnel shape,and range of damage zones.An empirical formula for the maximum amplification factor(a_(m))of the near-field ground motion around deep tunnels is proposed,which consists of four control factors,i.e.the wavelength control factor(F_(λ)),tunnel span factor(F_(D)),tunnel shape factor(F_(s))and excavation damage factor(F_(d)).This empirical formula provides an easy approach for accurately estimating the ground motion parameters in seismicityprone regimes and the rock support design of deep tunnels under dynamic loads.展开更多
Langbeinite type compounds are a large kind of oxometallate with good flexibility structure.Herein,we synthesized a new langbeinite type compound K_(2)Dy_(1.5)Ta_(0.5)(PO_(4))_(3),in which the Dy^(3+)and Ta^(5+)were b...Langbeinite type compounds are a large kind of oxometallate with good flexibility structure.Herein,we synthesized a new langbeinite type compound K_(2)Dy_(1.5)Ta_(0.5)(PO_(4))_(3),in which the Dy^(3+)and Ta^(5+)were blended to occupy the same crystallographic sites.Simultaneously,solid solutions of K_(2)Dy_(1.5-x)Eu_(x)Ta_(0.5)(PO_(4))_(3)(x=0-1.5)were prepared and their photoluminescence properties were investigated.Due to energy transfer from Dy3+to Eu3+,both Dy3+and Eu3+characteristic emissions are observed under 393 nm light excitation.The emitting color of K_(2)Dy_(1.5-x)Eu_(x)Ta_(0.5)(PO_(4))_(3)turns from green through yellow to red by simply adjusting the Eu^(3+)concentration from 0 to 0.4.Moreover,K_(2)Dy_(1.48)Eu_(0.02)Ta_(0.5)(PO_(4))_(3)phosphor possesses excellent fluorescence thermal stability and exhibits zero thermal quenching at 150℃.These results manifest that K_(2)Dy_(1.5-x)Eu_(x)Ta_(0.5)(PO_(4))_(3)solutions are promising multi-color emitting phosphors candidate for near-UV LED.展开更多
Aqueous zinc-ion batteries have already shown promising prospects in electronic devices,owing to their environmentally benign nature and high safety.Manganese dioxide is studied as one kind of cathode material,however...Aqueous zinc-ion batteries have already shown promising prospects in electronic devices,owing to their environmentally benign nature and high safety.Manganese dioxide is studied as one kind of cathode material,however,it typically displays slow kinetics and unstable crystal structures.Defect engineering introduces active sites in MnO_(2),while metal ion doping increases material's molar mass,which offers rare zinc storage contribution.To find a feasible doping strategy with optimized oxygen vacancies is highly desirable.Herein,the incorporation of nitrogen-doped MnO_(2)(NMO)with lower electronegativity as the cathode enabled the realization of reversible aqueous zinc-ion batteries.The structural stability and electrochemical properties of NMO were enhanced by nitrogen doping.NMO exhibited a smaller charge transfer resistance than pristine MnO_(2)(279.6Ωvs.484.5Ω).Cyclic voltammetry curves displayed that the incorporation of nitrogen doping could decrease the polarization,which provided a good basis for optimizing electrode kinetics.Specifically,the battery displayed a promising specific discharge capacity of 153.1 mAh·g^(-1)at 0.5 A·g^(-1)after 100 cycles.And at the current density of 1 A·g^(-1),the capacity retention of NMO after 1600 cycles was 1.72 times that of pristine MnO_(2).This study proposed a feasible idea for modifying non-metal hole sites in the cathode materials of zinc-based batteries,providing deep insights for future practical application of energy storage systems.展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(82102018,62333002,T2425027,and 82327809)Data collection and sharing for this project were supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(61633018,81571062,81471120,and 81901101)+30 种基金Data collection and sharing for this project were funded by the ADNI(National Institutes of Health Grant U01 AG024904)the Department of Defense ADNI(award number W81XWH-12-2-0012).The ADNI is funded by the National Institute on Aging,the National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering,and through generous contributions from the following:AbbVie,Alzheimer’s AssociationAlzheimer’s Drug Discovery FoundationAraclon BiotechBioClinica,Inc.BiogenBristol-Myers Squibb Co.CereSpir,Inc.CogstateEisai Inc.Elan Pharmaceuticals,Inc.Eli Lilly and Co.EuroImmunF.Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd and its affiliated company Genentech,Inc.FujirebioG.E.HealthcareIXICO Ltd.Janssen Alzheimer Immunotherapy Research&Development,LLC.Johnson&Johnson Pharmaceutical Research&Development LLC.LumosityLundbeckMerck&Co.,Inc.Meso Scale Diagnostics,LLC.NeuroRx ResearchNeurotrack TechnologiesNovartis Pharmaceuticals Corp.Pfizer Inc.Piramal ImagingServierTakeda Pharmaceutical Co.and Transition Therapeutics.The Canadian Institutes of Health Research provides funds to support ADNI clinical sites in Canada.Private sector contributions are facilitated by the Foundation for the National Institutes of Health(www.fnih.org).The grantee organization was the Northern California Institute for Research and Education,and the study was coordinated by the Alzheimer’s Therapeutic Research Institute at the University of Southern California.ADNI data are disseminated by the Laboratory for Neuro Imaging at the University of Southern California.
文摘Dear Editor,Growing clinical evidence shows that brain disorders are heterogeneous in phenotype,genetics,and neuropathology[1].Diagnosis and treatment tend to be affected by symptom presentation and the heterogeneity of pathology,potentially hindering clinical trials in the development of medical treatment.Brain-based subtyping studies utilize magnetic resonance imaging(MRI)and data-driven methods to discover the subtypes of diseases,providing a new perspective on disease heterogeneity.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.42377172)the National Key Research and Development Plan Project of China(No.2023YFC2907204).
文摘The Voronoi grain-based breakable block model(VGBBM)based on the combined finite-discrete element method(FDEM)was proposed to explicitly characterize the failure mechanism and predict the deformation behavior of hard-rock mine pillars.The influence of the microscopic parameters on the macroscopic mechanical behavior was investigated using laboratory-scale models.The field-scale pillar models(width-to-height,W/H=1,2 and 3)were calibrated based on the empirically predicted stress-strain curves of Creighton mine pillars.The results indicated that as the W/H ratios increased,the VGBBM effectively predicted the transition from strain-softening to pseudo-ductile behavior in pillars,and explicitly captured the separated rock slabs and the V-shaped damage zones on both sides of pillars and conjugate shear bands in core zones of pillars.The volumetric strain field revealed significant compressional deformation in core zones of pillars.While the peak strains of W/H=1 and 2 pillars were relatively consistent,there were significant differences in the strain energy storage and release mechanism.W/H was the primary factor influencing the deformation and strain energy in the pillar core.The friction coefficient of the structural plane was also an important factor affecting the pillar strength and the weakest discontinuity angle.The fracture surface was controlled by the discontinuity angle and the friction coefficient.This study demonstrated the capability of the VGBBM in predicting the strengths and deformation behavior of hard-rock pillars in deep mine design.
基金jointly supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.41877256)the Natural Science Foundation of Hubei Province(Grant No.ZRQT2020000114)the Key Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(Grant No.KFZD-SW-423)。
文摘Dynamic failure of rock masses around deep tunnels,such as fault-slip rockburst and seismic-induced collapse,can pose a significant threat to tunnel construction safety.One of the most significant factors that control the accuracy of its risk assessment is the estimation of the ground motion around a tunnel caused by seismicity events.In general,the characteristic parameters of ground motion are estimated in terms of empirical scaling laws.However,these scaling laws make it difficult to accurately estimate the near-field ground motion parameters because the roles of control factors,such as tunnel geometry,damage zone distribution,and seismic source parameters,are not considered.For this,the finite fracturing seismic source model(FFSSM)proposed in this study is used to simulate the near-field ground motion characteristics around deep tunnels.Then,the amplification effects of ground motion caused by the interaction between seismic waves and deep tunnels and corresponding control factors are studied.The control effects of four factors on the near-field ground motion amplification effect are analyzed,including the main seismic source wavelength,tunnel span,tunnel shape,and range of damage zones.An empirical formula for the maximum amplification factor(a_(m))of the near-field ground motion around deep tunnels is proposed,which consists of four control factors,i.e.the wavelength control factor(F_(λ)),tunnel span factor(F_(D)),tunnel shape factor(F_(s))and excavation damage factor(F_(d)).This empirical formula provides an easy approach for accurately estimating the ground motion parameters in seismicityprone regimes and the rock support design of deep tunnels under dynamic loads.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(21201056)Henan Postdoctoral Foundation,China(001801017)+1 种基金Open Foundation of State Key Laboratory of Inorganic Synthesis and Preparative Chemistry,China(2020-24)Financing Plan for Key Young Teachers of Henan Province,China(2018GGJS062)。
文摘Langbeinite type compounds are a large kind of oxometallate with good flexibility structure.Herein,we synthesized a new langbeinite type compound K_(2)Dy_(1.5)Ta_(0.5)(PO_(4))_(3),in which the Dy^(3+)and Ta^(5+)were blended to occupy the same crystallographic sites.Simultaneously,solid solutions of K_(2)Dy_(1.5-x)Eu_(x)Ta_(0.5)(PO_(4))_(3)(x=0-1.5)were prepared and their photoluminescence properties were investigated.Due to energy transfer from Dy3+to Eu3+,both Dy3+and Eu3+characteristic emissions are observed under 393 nm light excitation.The emitting color of K_(2)Dy_(1.5-x)Eu_(x)Ta_(0.5)(PO_(4))_(3)turns from green through yellow to red by simply adjusting the Eu^(3+)concentration from 0 to 0.4.Moreover,K_(2)Dy_(1.48)Eu_(0.02)Ta_(0.5)(PO_(4))_(3)phosphor possesses excellent fluorescence thermal stability and exhibits zero thermal quenching at 150℃.These results manifest that K_(2)Dy_(1.5-x)Eu_(x)Ta_(0.5)(PO_(4))_(3)solutions are promising multi-color emitting phosphors candidate for near-UV LED.
基金supported by the following funding programs:Natural Science Research Project of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions of China(23KJB430029)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(52402198)+1 种基金Jiangsu Provincial Department of Science and Technology(BK20240821 and BK20232041)International Joint Laboratory on Low-Dimensional Optoelectronic Materials and Devices of Soochow University and Suzhou Foreign Academician Workstation.
文摘Aqueous zinc-ion batteries have already shown promising prospects in electronic devices,owing to their environmentally benign nature and high safety.Manganese dioxide is studied as one kind of cathode material,however,it typically displays slow kinetics and unstable crystal structures.Defect engineering introduces active sites in MnO_(2),while metal ion doping increases material's molar mass,which offers rare zinc storage contribution.To find a feasible doping strategy with optimized oxygen vacancies is highly desirable.Herein,the incorporation of nitrogen-doped MnO_(2)(NMO)with lower electronegativity as the cathode enabled the realization of reversible aqueous zinc-ion batteries.The structural stability and electrochemical properties of NMO were enhanced by nitrogen doping.NMO exhibited a smaller charge transfer resistance than pristine MnO_(2)(279.6Ωvs.484.5Ω).Cyclic voltammetry curves displayed that the incorporation of nitrogen doping could decrease the polarization,which provided a good basis for optimizing electrode kinetics.Specifically,the battery displayed a promising specific discharge capacity of 153.1 mAh·g^(-1)at 0.5 A·g^(-1)after 100 cycles.And at the current density of 1 A·g^(-1),the capacity retention of NMO after 1600 cycles was 1.72 times that of pristine MnO_(2).This study proposed a feasible idea for modifying non-metal hole sites in the cathode materials of zinc-based batteries,providing deep insights for future practical application of energy storage systems.
