Objective: The studies of long-term oxygen therapy (LTOT) for patents with connective tissue disease-related interstitial lung disease (CTD-ILD) are limited. This study aimed to evaluate the prognosis of CTD-ILD patie...Objective: The studies of long-term oxygen therapy (LTOT) for patents with connective tissue disease-related interstitial lung disease (CTD-ILD) are limited. This study aimed to evaluate the prognosis of CTD-ILD patients following the initiation of LTOT, compared to those with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF). Methods: We conducted a retrospective analysis of patients with CTD-ILD and IPF who were introduced to LTOT between January 2014 and December 2020. Results: The study included 24 patients with CTD-ILD and 55 patients with IPF. At the initiation of LTOT, female gender, never-smoking history, higher body mass index (BMI), higher lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) level, lower pulmonary Surfactant Protein-D (SP-D) level and lower Gender-Age-Physiology (GAP) scores were more common in the CTD-ILD group (all Conclusion: Although patients with CTD-ILD had longer overall survival than those with IPF, there was no significant difference in prognosis after the initiation of LTOT between the two groups. Early intervention including treatment and management will be needed in CTD-ILD as in IPF.展开更多
Neutrophilic airway inflammation is one of the features of severe asthma.Neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin(NGAL),or lipocalin-2,is a glycoprotein associated with neutrophilic inflammation and can be detected ...Neutrophilic airway inflammation is one of the features of severe asthma.Neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin(NGAL),or lipocalin-2,is a glycoprotein associated with neutrophilic inflammation and can be detected in blood.Recently,blood NGAL levels have been reported to be elevated in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.However,the clinical significance of serum NGAL levels in patients with asthma has not been elucidated.The aim of this study was to explore the association between serum NGAL level and clinical parameters in patients with asthma.Sixty.one non-smoking people with stable asthma were enrolled in this study.All patients underwent blood ollction and pulmonary function tests.The associations between serum NGAL levels and clinical parameters were analyzed retrospectively.Serum NGAL levels in patients with asthma and obstructive ventilatory defect were higher than those in patients with asthma without obstructive ventilatory defect(76.4±51.4 ng/mL vs.39.3±27.4 ng/mL,P=0.0019).Serum NGAL levels were correlated with forced expired flow at 50%of vital capacity%predicted and forced expired flow at 75%of vital capacity%predicted(r=-0.3373,P=0.0078 and r=0.2900,P=0.0234,respectively).Results of a multiple regression analysis demonstrated that serum NGAL level was independently associated with obstructive ventilatory defect.Serum NGAL levels were elevated in patients with asthma and obstructive ventilatory defect.NGAL may be involved in airway remodeling possibly mediated by neutrophilic inflammation in asthma.展开更多
Objective:To analyze the effects of feeding Helianthus tuberosus(HT) tubers on glucose tolerance and lipid profile in rats fed a high-fat diet(HFD). Methods:A normal HFD or HFD including 10 w/w% HT tubers(HFD + HT) wa...Objective:To analyze the effects of feeding Helianthus tuberosus(HT) tubers on glucose tolerance and lipid profile in rats fed a high-fat diet(HFD). Methods:A normal HFD or HFD including 10 w/w% HT tubers(HFD + HT) was fed to F334/Jcl rats. After 10 weeks,organ weights,glucose tolerance,and lipid profile were analyzed. Results:The body weight,liver weight,and epidermal fat content in the HFD group were higher than those of the normal group,and similar to those of the HFD + HT group. The oral glucose tolerance test at 10 weeks revealed that the blood glucose level 30 minutes after beginning the test in the HFD + HT group was significantly lower than that in the HFD group. Liver triglyceride and total cholesterol levels in the HFD + HT group were significantly lower than those in the HFD group. Fecal triglyceride and total cholesterol levels in the HFD + HT group were higher than those in the HFD group. Histological analyses revealed that fat and glycogen accumulation increased in the HFD group,but decreased in the HFD + HT group. Conclusions:These results indicate that HT tubers have anti-fatty liver effects based on improvements in glucose tolerance and the hepatic lipid profile.展开更多
Many problems regarding structure-function relationships have remained unsolved in the field of respiratory physiology. In the present review, we highlighted these uncertain issues from a variety of anatomical and phy...Many problems regarding structure-function relationships have remained unsolved in the field of respiratory physiology. In the present review, we highlighted these uncertain issues from a variety of anatomical and physiological viewpoints. Model A of Weibel in which dichotomously branching airways are incorporated should be used for analyzing gas mixing in conducting and acinar airways. Acinus of Loeschcke is taken as an anatomical gas-exchange unit.Although it is difficult to define functional gas-exchange unit in a way entirely consistent with anatomical structures, acinus of Aschoff may serve as a functional gas-exchange unit in a first approximation. Based on anatomical and physiological perspectives, the multiple inert-gas elimination technique is thought to be highly effective for predicting ventilation-perfusion heterogeneity between acini of Aschoff under steady-state condition. Changes in effective alveolar P_(O2), the most important parameter in classical gas-exchange theory, are coherent with those in mixed alveolar P_(O2) decided from the multiple inert-gas elimination technique. Therefore, effective alveolar-arterial P_(O2) difference is considered useful for assessing gas-exchange abnormalities in lung periphery.However, one should be aware that although alveolar-arterial P_(O2) difference sensitively detects moderately low ventilation-perfusion regions causing hypoxemia, it is insensitive to abnormal gas exchange evoked by very low and high ventilation-perfusion regions. Pulmonary diffusing capacity for CO (D_(LCO))and the value corrected for alveolar volume (V_(AV)), i.e., D_(LCO)/V_(AV) (K_(CO)), are thought to be crucial for diagnosing alveolar-wall damages. D_(LCO)-related parameters have higher sensitivity to detecting abnormalities in pulmonary microcirculation than those in the alveolocapillary membrane. We would like to recommend four categories derived from combining behaviors of D_(LCO) with those of K_(CO) for differential diagnosis on anatomically morbid states in alveolar walls:type-1abnormality defined by decrease in both D_(LCO) and K_(CO); type-2 abnormality by decrease in D_(LCO) but increase in K_(CO); type-3 abnormality by decrease in D_(LCO) but restricted rise in K_(CO); and type-4 abnormality by increase in both D_(LCO) and K_(CO).展开更多
Objective: Postoperative acute exacerbation of idiopathic interstitial pneumonia (IIP) is a serious complication in patients with lung cancer. This study was aimed to investigate risk factors for postoperative acute e...Objective: Postoperative acute exacerbation of idiopathic interstitial pneumonia (IIP) is a serious complication in patients with lung cancer. This study was aimed to investigate risk factors for postoperative acute exacerbation of IIP in surgery for primary lung cancer. Method: We evaluated retrospectively 37 IIP patients combined with primary lung cancer who underwent lung resection for lung cancer from January 2006 and March 2010. Preoperative and perioperative clinical data were collected and analyzed. Results: Ten of 37 patients (27.0%) developed acute exacerbation of IIP after surgery for primary lung cancer and five patients (13.5%) died of progressive respiratory failure. There was no significant difference in preoperative clinical factors between acute exacerbation (AE) group and non-acute exacerbation (non-AE) group. In perioperative factors, the duration of anesthesia is significantly longer in AE group than in non-AE group. Conclusion: These data suggest that it is unable to predict postoperative acute exacerbation of IIP from preoperative clinical data. Perioperative and postoperative management might be important to prevent acute exacerbation of IIP combined lung cancer.展开更多
文摘Objective: The studies of long-term oxygen therapy (LTOT) for patents with connective tissue disease-related interstitial lung disease (CTD-ILD) are limited. This study aimed to evaluate the prognosis of CTD-ILD patients following the initiation of LTOT, compared to those with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF). Methods: We conducted a retrospective analysis of patients with CTD-ILD and IPF who were introduced to LTOT between January 2014 and December 2020. Results: The study included 24 patients with CTD-ILD and 55 patients with IPF. At the initiation of LTOT, female gender, never-smoking history, higher body mass index (BMI), higher lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) level, lower pulmonary Surfactant Protein-D (SP-D) level and lower Gender-Age-Physiology (GAP) scores were more common in the CTD-ILD group (all Conclusion: Although patients with CTD-ILD had longer overall survival than those with IPF, there was no significant difference in prognosis after the initiation of LTOT between the two groups. Early intervention including treatment and management will be needed in CTD-ILD as in IPF.
文摘Neutrophilic airway inflammation is one of the features of severe asthma.Neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin(NGAL),or lipocalin-2,is a glycoprotein associated with neutrophilic inflammation and can be detected in blood.Recently,blood NGAL levels have been reported to be elevated in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.However,the clinical significance of serum NGAL levels in patients with asthma has not been elucidated.The aim of this study was to explore the association between serum NGAL level and clinical parameters in patients with asthma.Sixty.one non-smoking people with stable asthma were enrolled in this study.All patients underwent blood ollction and pulmonary function tests.The associations between serum NGAL levels and clinical parameters were analyzed retrospectively.Serum NGAL levels in patients with asthma and obstructive ventilatory defect were higher than those in patients with asthma without obstructive ventilatory defect(76.4±51.4 ng/mL vs.39.3±27.4 ng/mL,P=0.0019).Serum NGAL levels were correlated with forced expired flow at 50%of vital capacity%predicted and forced expired flow at 75%of vital capacity%predicted(r=-0.3373,P=0.0078 and r=0.2900,P=0.0234,respectively).Results of a multiple regression analysis demonstrated that serum NGAL level was independently associated with obstructive ventilatory defect.Serum NGAL levels were elevated in patients with asthma and obstructive ventilatory defect.NGAL may be involved in airway remodeling possibly mediated by neutrophilic inflammation in asthma.
基金supported by the Tokushima prefectural government
文摘Objective:To analyze the effects of feeding Helianthus tuberosus(HT) tubers on glucose tolerance and lipid profile in rats fed a high-fat diet(HFD). Methods:A normal HFD or HFD including 10 w/w% HT tubers(HFD + HT) was fed to F334/Jcl rats. After 10 weeks,organ weights,glucose tolerance,and lipid profile were analyzed. Results:The body weight,liver weight,and epidermal fat content in the HFD group were higher than those of the normal group,and similar to those of the HFD + HT group. The oral glucose tolerance test at 10 weeks revealed that the blood glucose level 30 minutes after beginning the test in the HFD + HT group was significantly lower than that in the HFD group. Liver triglyceride and total cholesterol levels in the HFD + HT group were significantly lower than those in the HFD group. Fecal triglyceride and total cholesterol levels in the HFD + HT group were higher than those in the HFD group. Histological analyses revealed that fat and glycogen accumulation increased in the HFD group,but decreased in the HFD + HT group. Conclusions:These results indicate that HT tubers have anti-fatty liver effects based on improvements in glucose tolerance and the hepatic lipid profile.
文摘Many problems regarding structure-function relationships have remained unsolved in the field of respiratory physiology. In the present review, we highlighted these uncertain issues from a variety of anatomical and physiological viewpoints. Model A of Weibel in which dichotomously branching airways are incorporated should be used for analyzing gas mixing in conducting and acinar airways. Acinus of Loeschcke is taken as an anatomical gas-exchange unit.Although it is difficult to define functional gas-exchange unit in a way entirely consistent with anatomical structures, acinus of Aschoff may serve as a functional gas-exchange unit in a first approximation. Based on anatomical and physiological perspectives, the multiple inert-gas elimination technique is thought to be highly effective for predicting ventilation-perfusion heterogeneity between acini of Aschoff under steady-state condition. Changes in effective alveolar P_(O2), the most important parameter in classical gas-exchange theory, are coherent with those in mixed alveolar P_(O2) decided from the multiple inert-gas elimination technique. Therefore, effective alveolar-arterial P_(O2) difference is considered useful for assessing gas-exchange abnormalities in lung periphery.However, one should be aware that although alveolar-arterial P_(O2) difference sensitively detects moderately low ventilation-perfusion regions causing hypoxemia, it is insensitive to abnormal gas exchange evoked by very low and high ventilation-perfusion regions. Pulmonary diffusing capacity for CO (D_(LCO))and the value corrected for alveolar volume (V_(AV)), i.e., D_(LCO)/V_(AV) (K_(CO)), are thought to be crucial for diagnosing alveolar-wall damages. D_(LCO)-related parameters have higher sensitivity to detecting abnormalities in pulmonary microcirculation than those in the alveolocapillary membrane. We would like to recommend four categories derived from combining behaviors of D_(LCO) with those of K_(CO) for differential diagnosis on anatomically morbid states in alveolar walls:type-1abnormality defined by decrease in both D_(LCO) and K_(CO); type-2 abnormality by decrease in D_(LCO) but increase in K_(CO); type-3 abnormality by decrease in D_(LCO) but restricted rise in K_(CO); and type-4 abnormality by increase in both D_(LCO) and K_(CO).
文摘Objective: Postoperative acute exacerbation of idiopathic interstitial pneumonia (IIP) is a serious complication in patients with lung cancer. This study was aimed to investigate risk factors for postoperative acute exacerbation of IIP in surgery for primary lung cancer. Method: We evaluated retrospectively 37 IIP patients combined with primary lung cancer who underwent lung resection for lung cancer from January 2006 and March 2010. Preoperative and perioperative clinical data were collected and analyzed. Results: Ten of 37 patients (27.0%) developed acute exacerbation of IIP after surgery for primary lung cancer and five patients (13.5%) died of progressive respiratory failure. There was no significant difference in preoperative clinical factors between acute exacerbation (AE) group and non-acute exacerbation (non-AE) group. In perioperative factors, the duration of anesthesia is significantly longer in AE group than in non-AE group. Conclusion: These data suggest that it is unable to predict postoperative acute exacerbation of IIP from preoperative clinical data. Perioperative and postoperative management might be important to prevent acute exacerbation of IIP combined lung cancer.
