Phytate and tannin are amongst the most prevalent antinutritional factors(ANFs)in cereals and legumes,pri-marily due to their strong mineral-chelating properties and inhibitory effects on nutrient digestibility.This r...Phytate and tannin are amongst the most prevalent antinutritional factors(ANFs)in cereals and legumes,pri-marily due to their strong mineral-chelating properties and inhibitory effects on nutrient digestibility.This re-view provides a comprehensive overview of their chemical structures and related nutritional challenges.Conventional physical and chemical approaches toward antinutrient removal tend to have drawbacks such as low efficiency and potential nutrient degradation.In contrast,enzymatic hydrolysis,particularly utilizing phy-tase and tannase has emerged as a promising,substrate-specific,and environmentally sustainable alternative.Although these enzymes can be derived from different sources,especially lactic acid bacteria(LAB),have proved to be more stable,with production efficiency and probiotic benefits.This review focuses on the isolation and screening of phytase and tannase from LAB strains,the production and characterization of phytase and tannase with biochemical properties such as pH tolerance,substrate affinity,and interactions with metal ions.Besides this,it also highlights the applications of phytase and tannase in different industrial sectors.Furthermore,existing challenges concerning the purpose of phytase and tannase,especially to tackle malnutrition problems and improve nutrition availability,are discussed based on recent in-vitro as well as in-vivo studies.The article concludes with insights into future directions for expanding the nutritional and industrial utilization of LAB-derived enzymes.展开更多
基金This work(2024-2026)was financially supported by the Uttarakhand Council for Biotechnology[Grant number:UCB R&D/Project/556,2024]to Dr.Piyush Kumar.
文摘Phytate and tannin are amongst the most prevalent antinutritional factors(ANFs)in cereals and legumes,pri-marily due to their strong mineral-chelating properties and inhibitory effects on nutrient digestibility.This re-view provides a comprehensive overview of their chemical structures and related nutritional challenges.Conventional physical and chemical approaches toward antinutrient removal tend to have drawbacks such as low efficiency and potential nutrient degradation.In contrast,enzymatic hydrolysis,particularly utilizing phy-tase and tannase has emerged as a promising,substrate-specific,and environmentally sustainable alternative.Although these enzymes can be derived from different sources,especially lactic acid bacteria(LAB),have proved to be more stable,with production efficiency and probiotic benefits.This review focuses on the isolation and screening of phytase and tannase from LAB strains,the production and characterization of phytase and tannase with biochemical properties such as pH tolerance,substrate affinity,and interactions with metal ions.Besides this,it also highlights the applications of phytase and tannase in different industrial sectors.Furthermore,existing challenges concerning the purpose of phytase and tannase,especially to tackle malnutrition problems and improve nutrition availability,are discussed based on recent in-vitro as well as in-vivo studies.The article concludes with insights into future directions for expanding the nutritional and industrial utilization of LAB-derived enzymes.
