Antibiotic production wastewater usually contains high concentrations of antibiotic residues,which can cause instability and deterioration of biological wastewater treatment units and also domestication and proliferat...Antibiotic production wastewater usually contains high concentrations of antibiotic residues,which can cause instability and deterioration of biological wastewater treatment units and also domestication and proliferation of antibiotic-resistance bacteria.An effective pretreatment on antibiotics production wastewater is expected to selectively reduce the concentration of antibiotics and decrease the toxicity,rather than mitigate organic and other contaminants before further treatments.In this work,two polymer-based solid acids,PS-S and CPS-S bearing high concentrations of-SOH_(3)groups (up to 4.57 mmol/g),were prepared and successfully used for hydrolytic mitigation of 100 mg/L tylosin within 20 min.The co-existence of high concentrations of COD and humic substances did not affect the mitigation of tylosin obviously,while more than 500 mg/L of nitrogenous compounds suppressed the hydrolytic efficiency.Recycle and reuse experiments showed that the solid acids performed well in five cycles after regeneration.Three transformation products (P1,P2 and P3)were identified using UPLC-QTOF-MS/MS.Sugar moieties including mycarse,mycaminose,and mycinose detached and released simultaneously or in order from the 16-member lactone ring through desugarization,which led to a dramatic decrease in antibacterial activity as revealed by cytotoxicity evaluations using S.aureus.Ecotoxicity estimation indicated the acute toxicities of the hydrolyzed products to model species (e.g.,fish,daphnid and green algae) were classified as“not harmful”.This work suggested an effective and selective method to pretreat tylosin-contained production wastewater by using polymer-based solid acids.These results will shed light on effective elimination of antibiotics pollution from pharmaceutical industries through strengthening the pretreatments.展开更多
Acidic-and alkalic-hydrolyses are selective in breaking functional bonds and falling off pharmacological moieties of antibiotics in production wastewater in comparison with advanced oxidation processes.Elevating tempe...Acidic-and alkalic-hydrolyses are selective in breaking functional bonds and falling off pharmacological moieties of antibiotics in production wastewater in comparison with advanced oxidation processes.Elevating temperature can accelerate hydrolytic kinetics and improve efficiency.In this work,magnetic sulfonated polypropylene resin(Fe_(3)O_(4)@PS-S)composites were reported for acidic-thermal hydrolysis of tylosin by employing the acidic feature of sulfonic group,the dielectric effect of resin,and the magnetic-loss effect of magnetite under microwave irradiation.As observed,a rapid and complete mitigation 100 mg/L of tylosin was achieved within 15 min by the catalysts.Acidic cleavage of tylosin was fulfilled by sulfonic groups in the composites,and microwave thermal accelerated the hydrolysis reactions due to the dielectric and magnetic-loss effects.Differentiating the dielectric and magnetic-loss effects through electromagnetic analyses indicated that the latter contributed more in converting microwave energy to heat.The interactions under multiple operational conditions were quantitatively fitted using the Behnajady model and visually demonstrated,which indicated that a synergic effect of microwave thermal-and acidichydrolyses contributed to the efficient mitigation of tylosin.The transformation products were identified and the pathways were supposed.Cleaving deoxyaminosugars groups and destructing lactone structures led to reduced antibacterial potential and toxicity reduction.The acute toxicity of tylosin and transformation products to fish,daphnia,and green algae were all classified as non-toxic.This work suggested that this synergistic acid-thermal hydrolytic method is attractive and promising in pretreating tylosin production wastewater in field.展开更多
This study aimed to investigate whether pitavastatin protected against injury induced by advanced glycation end products products（AGEs） in neonatal rat cardiomyocytes,and to examine the underlying mechanisms.Cardiom...This study aimed to investigate whether pitavastatin protected against injury induced by advanced glycation end products products（AGEs） in neonatal rat cardiomyocytes,and to examine the underlying mechanisms.Cardiomyocytes of neonatal rats were incubated for 48 hours with AGEs（100 μg/mL）,receptor for advanced glycation end products（RAGE）,antibody（1 μg/mL） and pitavastatin（600 ng/mL）.The levels of p62 and beclinl were determined by Western blotting.Mitochondrial membrane potential（△Ψm） and the generation of reactive oxygen species（ROS） were measured through the JC-1 and DCFH-DA.In the AGEs group,the expression of beclinl was remarkably increased compared to the control group,while the expression of p62 was significantly decreased.AGEs also markedly decreased △Ψm and significantly increased ROS compared with the control group.After treatment with RAGE antibody or pitavastatin,the level of beclinl was markedly decreased compared with the AGEs group,but the level of p62 was remarkably increased.In the AGEs ＋ RAGE antibody group and AGEs＋ pitavastatin group,△Ψm was significantly increased and ROS was remarkably decreased compared with the AGEs group.In conclusion,AGEs-RAGE may induce autophagy of cardiomyocytes by generation of ROS and pitavastatin could protect against AGEs-induced injury against cardiomyocytes.展开更多
In this paper,a zero-sum game Nash equilibrium computation problem with a common constraint set is investigated under two time-varying multi-agent subnetworks,where the two subnetworks have opposite payoff function.A ...In this paper,a zero-sum game Nash equilibrium computation problem with a common constraint set is investigated under two time-varying multi-agent subnetworks,where the two subnetworks have opposite payoff function.A novel distributed projection subgradient algorithm with random sleep scheme is developed to reduce the calculation amount of agents in the process of computing Nash equilibrium.In our algorithm,each agent is determined by an independent identically distributed Bernoulli decision to compute the subgradient and perform the projection operation or to keep the previous consensus estimate,it effectively reduces the amount of computation and calculation time.Moreover,the traditional assumption of stepsize adopted in the existing methods is removed,and the stepsizes in our algorithm are randomized diminishing.Besides,we prove that all agents converge to Nash equilibrium with probability 1 by our algorithm.Finally,a simulation example verifies the validity of our algorithm.展开更多
In this paper,a zero-sum game Nash equilibrium computation problem with event-triggered communication is investigated under an undirected weight-balanced multi-agent network.A novel distributed event-triggered project...In this paper,a zero-sum game Nash equilibrium computation problem with event-triggered communication is investigated under an undirected weight-balanced multi-agent network.A novel distributed event-triggered projection subgradient algorithm is developed to reduce the communication burden within the subnetworks.In the proposed algorithm,when the difference between the current state of the agent and the state of the last trigger time exceeds a given threshold,the agent will be triggered to communicate with its neighbours.Moreover,we prove that all agents converge to Nash equilibrium by the proposed algorithm.Finally,two simulation examples verify that our algorithm not only reduces the communication burden but also ensures that the convergence speed and accuracy are close to that of the time-triggered method under the appropriate threshold.展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 51978052)Beijing Municipal Education Commission through the Innovative Transdisciplinary Program “Ecological Restoration Engineering (No. GJJXK210102)”。
文摘Antibiotic production wastewater usually contains high concentrations of antibiotic residues,which can cause instability and deterioration of biological wastewater treatment units and also domestication and proliferation of antibiotic-resistance bacteria.An effective pretreatment on antibiotics production wastewater is expected to selectively reduce the concentration of antibiotics and decrease the toxicity,rather than mitigate organic and other contaminants before further treatments.In this work,two polymer-based solid acids,PS-S and CPS-S bearing high concentrations of-SOH_(3)groups (up to 4.57 mmol/g),were prepared and successfully used for hydrolytic mitigation of 100 mg/L tylosin within 20 min.The co-existence of high concentrations of COD and humic substances did not affect the mitigation of tylosin obviously,while more than 500 mg/L of nitrogenous compounds suppressed the hydrolytic efficiency.Recycle and reuse experiments showed that the solid acids performed well in five cycles after regeneration.Three transformation products (P1,P2 and P3)were identified using UPLC-QTOF-MS/MS.Sugar moieties including mycarse,mycaminose,and mycinose detached and released simultaneously or in order from the 16-member lactone ring through desugarization,which led to a dramatic decrease in antibacterial activity as revealed by cytotoxicity evaluations using S.aureus.Ecotoxicity estimation indicated the acute toxicities of the hydrolyzed products to model species (e.g.,fish,daphnid and green algae) were classified as“not harmful”.This work suggested an effective and selective method to pretreat tylosin-contained production wastewater by using polymer-based solid acids.These results will shed light on effective elimination of antibiotics pollution from pharmaceutical industries through strengthening the pretreatments.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.51978052 and 22306012)the National Key Research and Development Program of China(No.2023YFC3711300)the Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation(No.2022A1515110578).
文摘Acidic-and alkalic-hydrolyses are selective in breaking functional bonds and falling off pharmacological moieties of antibiotics in production wastewater in comparison with advanced oxidation processes.Elevating temperature can accelerate hydrolytic kinetics and improve efficiency.In this work,magnetic sulfonated polypropylene resin(Fe_(3)O_(4)@PS-S)composites were reported for acidic-thermal hydrolysis of tylosin by employing the acidic feature of sulfonic group,the dielectric effect of resin,and the magnetic-loss effect of magnetite under microwave irradiation.As observed,a rapid and complete mitigation 100 mg/L of tylosin was achieved within 15 min by the catalysts.Acidic cleavage of tylosin was fulfilled by sulfonic groups in the composites,and microwave thermal accelerated the hydrolysis reactions due to the dielectric and magnetic-loss effects.Differentiating the dielectric and magnetic-loss effects through electromagnetic analyses indicated that the latter contributed more in converting microwave energy to heat.The interactions under multiple operational conditions were quantitatively fitted using the Behnajady model and visually demonstrated,which indicated that a synergic effect of microwave thermal-and acidichydrolyses contributed to the efficient mitigation of tylosin.The transformation products were identified and the pathways were supposed.Cleaving deoxyaminosugars groups and destructing lactone structures led to reduced antibacterial potential and toxicity reduction.The acute toxicity of tylosin and transformation products to fish,daphnia,and green algae were all classified as non-toxic.This work suggested that this synergistic acid-thermal hydrolytic method is attractive and promising in pretreating tylosin production wastewater in field.
基金supported by the National NaturalScience Foundation of China(NSFC 81570328,Wang Junhong)the"Sixth-Peak Talent"of Jiangsu Province(2011WSN-029 to Prof.Guo Yan and2013WSN-036 to Dr.Wang Junhong)support by the Health Department of Jiangsu Province(z201301)
文摘This study aimed to investigate whether pitavastatin protected against injury induced by advanced glycation end products products（AGEs） in neonatal rat cardiomyocytes,and to examine the underlying mechanisms.Cardiomyocytes of neonatal rats were incubated for 48 hours with AGEs（100 μg/mL）,receptor for advanced glycation end products（RAGE）,antibody（1 μg/mL） and pitavastatin（600 ng/mL）.The levels of p62 and beclinl were determined by Western blotting.Mitochondrial membrane potential（△Ψm） and the generation of reactive oxygen species（ROS） were measured through the JC-1 and DCFH-DA.In the AGEs group,the expression of beclinl was remarkably increased compared to the control group,while the expression of p62 was significantly decreased.AGEs also markedly decreased △Ψm and significantly increased ROS compared with the control group.After treatment with RAGE antibody or pitavastatin,the level of beclinl was markedly decreased compared with the AGEs group,but the level of p62 was remarkably increased.In the AGEs ＋ RAGE antibody group and AGEs＋ pitavastatin group,△Ψm was significantly increased and ROS was remarkably decreased compared with the AGEs group.In conclusion,AGEs-RAGE may induce autophagy of cardiomyocytes by generation of ROS and pitavastatin could protect against AGEs-induced injury against cardiomyocytes.
文摘In this paper,a zero-sum game Nash equilibrium computation problem with a common constraint set is investigated under two time-varying multi-agent subnetworks,where the two subnetworks have opposite payoff function.A novel distributed projection subgradient algorithm with random sleep scheme is developed to reduce the calculation amount of agents in the process of computing Nash equilibrium.In our algorithm,each agent is determined by an independent identically distributed Bernoulli decision to compute the subgradient and perform the projection operation or to keep the previous consensus estimate,it effectively reduces the amount of computation and calculation time.Moreover,the traditional assumption of stepsize adopted in the existing methods is removed,and the stepsizes in our algorithm are randomized diminishing.Besides,we prove that all agents converge to Nash equilibrium with probability 1 by our algorithm.Finally,a simulation example verifies the validity of our algorithm.
文摘In this paper,a zero-sum game Nash equilibrium computation problem with event-triggered communication is investigated under an undirected weight-balanced multi-agent network.A novel distributed event-triggered projection subgradient algorithm is developed to reduce the communication burden within the subnetworks.In the proposed algorithm,when the difference between the current state of the agent and the state of the last trigger time exceeds a given threshold,the agent will be triggered to communicate with its neighbours.Moreover,we prove that all agents converge to Nash equilibrium by the proposed algorithm.Finally,two simulation examples verify that our algorithm not only reduces the communication burden but also ensures that the convergence speed and accuracy are close to that of the time-triggered method under the appropriate threshold.
