Osteoarthritis(OA)is the most prevalent joint disease and icariin is a promising drug for its treatment.However,the clinical use of icariin is hindered by poor water solubility,low bioavailability,and nonspecific rele...Osteoarthritis(OA)is the most prevalent joint disease and icariin is a promising drug for its treatment.However,the clinical use of icariin is hindered by poor water solubility,low bioavailability,and nonspecific release and biological distribution.Herein,sulfonated azocalix[4]arene(SAC4A)with enhanced water solubility,recognition capacity,and designed responsiveness was used to improve the efficiency of icariin for OA therapy.SAC4A,a macrocycle with well-defined molecular weight and structure,could encapsulate and enhance water solubility of various drugs.In addition,SAC4A enables hypoxia-responsive release of loaded drug.Compared with icariin treatment,supramolecular complex icariin@SAC4A significantly relieved OA symptoms of rats,including more regular bone morphology and structure,and lower degree of cartilage damage.Moreover,the supramolecular formulation demonstrated various advantages,including easy preparation,hypoxia-triggered release,and small size that conducive to drug penetration.展开更多
CRISPR/Cas9 technology is a powerful genome manipulation tool in insects.However,little is known about whether mRNA and protein of a target gene are completely cleared in homozygous mutants.This study generated homozy...CRISPR/Cas9 technology is a powerful genome manipulation tool in insects.However,little is known about whether mRNA and protein of a target gene are completely cleared in homozygous mutants.This study generated homozygous mutants of the insulin receptor gene 2(NlInR2)in the brown planthopper(Nilaparvata lugens)using CRISPR/Cas9 genome editing.Both frameshift mutants,E5_D17 and E6_I7,differentiated towards long wings,but there were differences in wing morphology,with E5_D17 showing wing deformities.Subsequent investigations revealed the presence of residual expression of NlInR2 mRNA in both mutants,as well as the occurrence of spliceosomes featuring exon skipping splicing in E5_D17.Additionally,the E5_D17 exhibited the detection of N-terminally truncated NlInR2 protein.RNA interference experiments indicated that the knockdown of NlInR2 expression in the E5_D17 mutant line increased the proportion of wing deformities from 11.1 to 65.6%,suggesting that the residual NlInR2 mRNA of the E5_D17 mutant might have retained some genetic functions.Our results imply that systematic characterization of residual protein expression or function in CRISPR/Cas9-generated mutant lines is necessary for phenotypic interpretation.展开更多
Candida albicans is the most prevalent commensal fungus and readily causes invasive fungal infection in immunocompromised individuals. Teasaponin(TS), a natural product generally regarded as safe, has been reported to...Candida albicans is the most prevalent commensal fungus and readily causes invasive fungal infection in immunocompromised individuals. Teasaponin(TS), a natural product generally regarded as safe, has been reported to inhibit filamentation of C. albicans. This study found that TS could exert moderate fungicidal activity against C. albicans, and the mode of action was further explored. The minimum fungicidal concentration(MFC) was determined by the broth microdilution method. The colony counting method was used to determine the time-killing curve of TS against C. albicans in every 2 h. The effect of TS on the content of intracellular reactive oxygen species(ROS) in C. albicans was analyzed by 2′,7′-dichlorofluorescin diacetate(DCFH-DA) staining, and the mitochondrial membrane potential(mtΔψ) was determined by rhodamine123(RH123) staining. An ATP assay kit was utilized to determine the intracellular ATP levels after TS treatment. Results showed that TS-induced ROS accumulation and mitochondrial dysfunction contributed to the death of C. albicans cells. Further research demonstrated that VC could reinforce the fungicidal ability of TS. On the contrary, VE could antagonize the function of TS against C. albicans, which might guide the clinical application of TS. The results preliminarily elucidated the potential mechanisms of TS against C. albicans and might provide a potential option for the treatment of clinical Candida.展开更多
Where sustainable development is concerned, there is an urgent need to establish new information systems that integrate economic, social and ecological factors. The emergence of demand for this information makes the d...Where sustainable development is concerned, there is an urgent need to establish new information systems that integrate economic, social and ecological factors. The emergence of demand for this information makes the development of ecological accounting possible. Yet, most current research on ecological accounting focuses on two aspects: (1) the theoretical aspect, including background, concepts and models and (2) specific research on ecological accounting. Some scholars have proposed a conceptual framework, but this is not systematic or thorough enough. Seizing the opportunity of sustainable development in a key strategic location of the world, this paper begins by analyzing the logical evolution of ecological accounting, summarizes the existing ecological accounting theory, and combines the mature theoretical study of resources accounting with environmental accounting. All of these efforts result in this paper forwarding a framework of ecological accounting that aims to provide a guideline for future development.展开更多
Plants have developed a multi-layered immune system to cope with pathogens.The receptors on the plasma membrane are controlled by endocytosis to modulate immune signaling,but the regulatory mechanisms of endocytosis i...Plants have developed a multi-layered immune system to cope with pathogens.The receptors on the plasma membrane are controlled by endocytosis to modulate immune signaling,but the regulatory mechanisms of endocytosis in this process remain largely unclear.Here,we uncover that reversible S-acylation of BONZAl1(BON1),a conserved copine-family protein that regulates development-immunity balance in Arabidopsis,contributes to the accurate control of endocytosis.BON1 is targeted by S-acylation,a type of protein lipidation,for its localization on the plasma membrane and its function in development and immunity.Furthermore,the S-acylation status of BON1affects its association with the light-chain clathrin subunitCLC3 and regulates endocytosis.Specifically,PAT14 facilitates the S-acylation of BON1,while ABAPT11 mediates its de-S-acylation.Physiological levels of reversible S-acylation of BON1 are essential for endocytosis and the internalization of immune receptors.Interestingly,salicylic acid enhances ABAPT11-dependent de-S-acylation of BON1 to amplify immune signaling.Collectively,our study reveals that reversible S-acylation of BON1 precisely regulates immune receptor internalization for balancing plant development and immunity,providing potential targets that may be used to improve crop yields and disease resistance.展开更多
Ocean surface currents play a key role in the earth’s climate.They affect virtually all processes occurring in the ocean and can also directly affect many important socio-economic activities.Himawari-8 meteorological...Ocean surface currents play a key role in the earth’s climate.They affect virtually all processes occurring in the ocean and can also directly affect many important socio-economic activities.Himawari-8 meteorological satellite has an international advanced geostationary orbit imager sensor,AHI,with high time resolution and spatial coverage,Himawari-8 can be used to observe the subtle changes in marine environments.In this study,we used Himawari-8 data received from the Joint Receiving Station for Satellite Remote Sensing of Xiamen University to retrieve coastal currents in Hangzhou Bay.Particularly,the Maximum Correlation Coefficient(MCC)and the Generalized Hough Transform(GHT)methods were used to retrieve them respectively.The retrieved sea surface currents are analyzed and verified by the numerical model data of the Taiwan Strait current forecasting system(TFOR).The results show that(1)the Himawari-8 satellite data can be used to effectively estimate the ocean current;(2)The results of the two methods are in agreement with each other,and the error in the current measured using the GHT method is smaller in the Yangtze estuary and offshore areas,where the turbidity characteristic front is stronger.展开更多
A patient with steroid-resistant acute rejection 50 days after ABO-compatible orthotopic liver transplantation(LT)received regular infusion of allogeneic mesenchymal stem cells(MSCs)after three sessions of steroid pul...A patient with steroid-resistant acute rejection 50 days after ABO-compatible orthotopic liver transplantation(LT)received regular infusion of allogeneic mesenchymal stem cells(MSCs)after three sessions of steroid pulse therapy which failed to control the pathogenetic condition as shown by biopsy.Liver function improved gradually after intravenous injection of MSCs once weekly for 10 weeks(as confirmed by biopsy)and remained stable under administration of conventional immunosuppressive agents.There was no evidence of neoplasms 5 years after treatment.MSCs infusion appears to successfully reverse resistance to immunosuppressive agents and may be a useful treatment for post-liver transplant steroid-resistant rejection.展开更多
The radical copolymerization of ethylene with vinyl acetate and acrylates is an industrialized method to afford branched functional polyolefins under high temperature and high pressure.Herein,we report the Lewis acid ...The radical copolymerization of ethylene with vinyl acetate and acrylates is an industrialized method to afford branched functional polyolefins under high temperature and high pressure.Herein,we report the Lewis acid B(C6F5)3 promoted radical copolymerization of a broad range of olefins including simple olefins of ethylene and propylene,higher α-olefins,isobutylene,styrene,and others with maleic anhydride(MAH)with high activity under mild conditions to afford alternating copolymers with high molecular weights(M_(w)=32−350 kg mol^(−1))and moderate distributions.The anhydride group can be easily transferred to various functionalities.Mechanism investigation reveals that B(C_(6)F_(5))_(3) activates MAH to reduce the energy barrier for generating the initial radical and stabilizes ethylene and MAH ended radical intermediates throughout the procedure.This is attributed to the moderate Lewis acidity and proper steric bulkiness of B(C_(6)F_(5))_(3),allowing it to reversibly chelate to and disassociate from the carboxyl group of MAH.Thus,a radical polymerization system is constructed,and a practically viable platform to access functional polyolefins is built.展开更多
Coordination polymerization of renewable(E)-4,8-dimethyl-1,3,7-nonatriene(DMNT)has been performed using pyridyl-methylene-fluorenyl scandium complex 1,half-sandwich scandium complex 2,diiminophosphinato rare-earth met...Coordination polymerization of renewable(E)-4,8-dimethyl-1,3,7-nonatriene(DMNT)has been performed using pyridyl-methylene-fluorenyl scandium complex 1,half-sandwich scandium complex 2,diiminophosphinato rare-earth metal complexes 3a—3c and 4a—4b,bis(phosphino)carbazolide yttrium complex 5 andβ-diketiminato yttrium complex 6.Fluorenyl scandium complexes 1 and 2,activated by[Ph3C][B(C6F5)4]and AliBu3,are moderately active and show perfect 1,2-regioselective(1,2>99%).Conversely,asymmetric diiminophophinato complexes 3a—3c promote the DMNT polymerization to produce high trans-1,4 regulated products with the activity trend:Sc<Lu<Y.Complexes 4—6 are virtually inactive for the DMNT polymerization although they are highly active in isoprene polymerization.A diblock copolymer bearing 3,4-polyisoprene block and trans-1,4-poly(DMNT)block is obtained using complex 3c in one-pot reaction.Hydrogenation of trans-1,4-poly(DMNT)affords an elastomer with a T_(g) of–10 ℃.The epoxidation reaction of trans-1,4-poly(DMNT)with 3-chloroperbenzoic acid transfers the pendant double bonds in the cis configuration into the epoxy groups.展开更多
Carbon emission reduction is the only way to alleviate environmental problems,such as global warming.Effective evaluation of carbon performance can help enterprises to carry out energy saving and emission reduction ac...Carbon emission reduction is the only way to alleviate environmental problems,such as global warming.Effective evaluation of carbon performance can help enterprises to carry out energy saving and emission reduction activities to a certain extent and promote sustainable development.This paper constructs a carbon performance evaluation index system that includes the four dimensions of carbon resource(energy)input,cycle,output,and carbon management by incorporating the principles of circular economy and the theory of resource value circulation from the perspective of the flow trajectory of carbon-containing resources in the circulation of enterprises combined with the production characteristics of thermoelectric enterprises.Subsequently,combined with the case study,this paper discusses the scientific and practical nature of the system and provides another way of thinking for carbon performance evaluation of micro-enterprises in other industries.This paper expands the application boundary of matter-element model and supplements the literature of carbon performance,which has certain theoretical and practical significance.展开更多
基金supported by grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.82374489,U20A20259 and 22201299)the Scientific Research Program of the Tianjin Municipal Education Commission(No.2021ZD013)。
文摘Osteoarthritis(OA)is the most prevalent joint disease and icariin is a promising drug for its treatment.However,the clinical use of icariin is hindered by poor water solubility,low bioavailability,and nonspecific release and biological distribution.Herein,sulfonated azocalix[4]arene(SAC4A)with enhanced water solubility,recognition capacity,and designed responsiveness was used to improve the efficiency of icariin for OA therapy.SAC4A,a macrocycle with well-defined molecular weight and structure,could encapsulate and enhance water solubility of various drugs.In addition,SAC4A enables hypoxia-responsive release of loaded drug.Compared with icariin treatment,supramolecular complex icariin@SAC4A significantly relieved OA symptoms of rats,including more regular bone morphology and structure,and lower degree of cartilage damage.Moreover,the supramolecular formulation demonstrated various advantages,including easy preparation,hypoxia-triggered release,and small size that conducive to drug penetration.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(31730073).
文摘CRISPR/Cas9 technology is a powerful genome manipulation tool in insects.However,little is known about whether mRNA and protein of a target gene are completely cleared in homozygous mutants.This study generated homozygous mutants of the insulin receptor gene 2(NlInR2)in the brown planthopper(Nilaparvata lugens)using CRISPR/Cas9 genome editing.Both frameshift mutants,E5_D17 and E6_I7,differentiated towards long wings,but there were differences in wing morphology,with E5_D17 showing wing deformities.Subsequent investigations revealed the presence of residual expression of NlInR2 mRNA in both mutants,as well as the occurrence of spliceosomes featuring exon skipping splicing in E5_D17.Additionally,the E5_D17 exhibited the detection of N-terminally truncated NlInR2 protein.RNA interference experiments indicated that the knockdown of NlInR2 expression in the E5_D17 mutant line increased the proportion of wing deformities from 11.1 to 65.6%,suggesting that the residual NlInR2 mRNA of the E5_D17 mutant might have retained some genetic functions.Our results imply that systematic characterization of residual protein expression or function in CRISPR/Cas9-generated mutant lines is necessary for phenotypic interpretation.
基金Jiangsu Province College Students Innovation and Entrepreneurship training program (Grant No.201910313016Z)。
文摘Candida albicans is the most prevalent commensal fungus and readily causes invasive fungal infection in immunocompromised individuals. Teasaponin(TS), a natural product generally regarded as safe, has been reported to inhibit filamentation of C. albicans. This study found that TS could exert moderate fungicidal activity against C. albicans, and the mode of action was further explored. The minimum fungicidal concentration(MFC) was determined by the broth microdilution method. The colony counting method was used to determine the time-killing curve of TS against C. albicans in every 2 h. The effect of TS on the content of intracellular reactive oxygen species(ROS) in C. albicans was analyzed by 2′,7′-dichlorofluorescin diacetate(DCFH-DA) staining, and the mitochondrial membrane potential(mtΔψ) was determined by rhodamine123(RH123) staining. An ATP assay kit was utilized to determine the intracellular ATP levels after TS treatment. Results showed that TS-induced ROS accumulation and mitochondrial dysfunction contributed to the death of C. albicans cells. Further research demonstrated that VC could reinforce the fungicidal ability of TS. On the contrary, VE could antagonize the function of TS against C. albicans, which might guide the clinical application of TS. The results preliminarily elucidated the potential mechanisms of TS against C. albicans and might provide a potential option for the treatment of clinical Candida.
文摘Where sustainable development is concerned, there is an urgent need to establish new information systems that integrate economic, social and ecological factors. The emergence of demand for this information makes the development of ecological accounting possible. Yet, most current research on ecological accounting focuses on two aspects: (1) the theoretical aspect, including background, concepts and models and (2) specific research on ecological accounting. Some scholars have proposed a conceptual framework, but this is not systematic or thorough enough. Seizing the opportunity of sustainable development in a key strategic location of the world, this paper begins by analyzing the logical evolution of ecological accounting, summarizes the existing ecological accounting theory, and combines the mature theoretical study of resources accounting with environmental accounting. All of these efforts result in this paper forwarding a framework of ecological accounting that aims to provide a guideline for future development.
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(32270752,32270292,and 32400227)Major Program of Guangdong Basic and Applied Research(2019B030302006)+3 种基金Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong,China(2024A1515011071 and 2023A1515110948)Guangdong Modern Agro-industry Technology Research System(2023KJ114)the Program for Changjiang Scholars,the China Post doctoral Science Foundation(2023M741236)the Postdoctoral Fellowship Program of CPSF(GZB20240238).
文摘Plants have developed a multi-layered immune system to cope with pathogens.The receptors on the plasma membrane are controlled by endocytosis to modulate immune signaling,but the regulatory mechanisms of endocytosis in this process remain largely unclear.Here,we uncover that reversible S-acylation of BONZAl1(BON1),a conserved copine-family protein that regulates development-immunity balance in Arabidopsis,contributes to the accurate control of endocytosis.BON1 is targeted by S-acylation,a type of protein lipidation,for its localization on the plasma membrane and its function in development and immunity.Furthermore,the S-acylation status of BON1affects its association with the light-chain clathrin subunitCLC3 and regulates endocytosis.Specifically,PAT14 facilitates the S-acylation of BON1,while ABAPT11 mediates its de-S-acylation.Physiological levels of reversible S-acylation of BON1 are essential for endocytosis and the internalization of immune receptors.Interestingly,salicylic acid enhances ABAPT11-dependent de-S-acylation of BON1 to amplify immune signaling.Collectively,our study reveals that reversible S-acylation of BON1 precisely regulates immune receptor internalization for balancing plant development and immunity,providing potential targets that may be used to improve crop yields and disease resistance.
基金supported by the SOA Global Change&Air-Sea Interaction Project(Grant Nos.GASI-02-PAC-YGST2-02 and GASI-IPOVAI-01-04)the Open Research Fund of State Key Laboratory of Information Engineering in Surveying,the Mapping and Remote Sensing,Wuhan University(Grant No.18T08)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.91858202,41476007&41630963)。
文摘Ocean surface currents play a key role in the earth’s climate.They affect virtually all processes occurring in the ocean and can also directly affect many important socio-economic activities.Himawari-8 meteorological satellite has an international advanced geostationary orbit imager sensor,AHI,with high time resolution and spatial coverage,Himawari-8 can be used to observe the subtle changes in marine environments.In this study,we used Himawari-8 data received from the Joint Receiving Station for Satellite Remote Sensing of Xiamen University to retrieve coastal currents in Hangzhou Bay.Particularly,the Maximum Correlation Coefficient(MCC)and the Generalized Hough Transform(GHT)methods were used to retrieve them respectively.The retrieved sea surface currents are analyzed and verified by the numerical model data of the Taiwan Strait current forecasting system(TFOR).The results show that(1)the Himawari-8 satellite data can be used to effectively estimate the ocean current;(2)The results of the two methods are in agreement with each other,and the error in the current measured using the GHT method is smaller in the Yangtze estuary and offshore areas,where the turbidity characteristic front is stronger.
基金This work was supported by the grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.81370575,81570593)Guangdong Natural Science Foundation(2015A030312013),Scitech Research Development Program of Guangdong province(2017A020215023)+2 种基金Sci-tech Research Development Program of Guangzhou city(No.158100076,201400000001-3)Sun Yat-sen University Clinical Research 5010 Program(2014006)Young teacher development program of Sun Yat-sen University(17ykpy57).
文摘A patient with steroid-resistant acute rejection 50 days after ABO-compatible orthotopic liver transplantation(LT)received regular infusion of allogeneic mesenchymal stem cells(MSCs)after three sessions of steroid pulse therapy which failed to control the pathogenetic condition as shown by biopsy.Liver function improved gradually after intravenous injection of MSCs once weekly for 10 weeks(as confirmed by biopsy)and remained stable under administration of conventional immunosuppressive agents.There was no evidence of neoplasms 5 years after treatment.MSCs infusion appears to successfully reverse resistance to immunosuppressive agents and may be a useful treatment for post-liver transplant steroid-resistant rejection.
基金supported by the NSFC(Project Nos.22331010,U21A20279).
文摘The radical copolymerization of ethylene with vinyl acetate and acrylates is an industrialized method to afford branched functional polyolefins under high temperature and high pressure.Herein,we report the Lewis acid B(C6F5)3 promoted radical copolymerization of a broad range of olefins including simple olefins of ethylene and propylene,higher α-olefins,isobutylene,styrene,and others with maleic anhydride(MAH)with high activity under mild conditions to afford alternating copolymers with high molecular weights(M_(w)=32−350 kg mol^(−1))and moderate distributions.The anhydride group can be easily transferred to various functionalities.Mechanism investigation reveals that B(C_(6)F_(5))_(3) activates MAH to reduce the energy barrier for generating the initial radical and stabilizes ethylene and MAH ended radical intermediates throughout the procedure.This is attributed to the moderate Lewis acidity and proper steric bulkiness of B(C_(6)F_(5))_(3),allowing it to reversibly chelate to and disassociate from the carboxyl group of MAH.Thus,a radical polymerization system is constructed,and a practically viable platform to access functional polyolefins is built.
基金partially supported by the NSFC(project Nos.51773193,52073275).
文摘Coordination polymerization of renewable(E)-4,8-dimethyl-1,3,7-nonatriene(DMNT)has been performed using pyridyl-methylene-fluorenyl scandium complex 1,half-sandwich scandium complex 2,diiminophosphinato rare-earth metal complexes 3a—3c and 4a—4b,bis(phosphino)carbazolide yttrium complex 5 andβ-diketiminato yttrium complex 6.Fluorenyl scandium complexes 1 and 2,activated by[Ph3C][B(C6F5)4]and AliBu3,are moderately active and show perfect 1,2-regioselective(1,2>99%).Conversely,asymmetric diiminophophinato complexes 3a—3c promote the DMNT polymerization to produce high trans-1,4 regulated products with the activity trend:Sc<Lu<Y.Complexes 4—6 are virtually inactive for the DMNT polymerization although they are highly active in isoprene polymerization.A diblock copolymer bearing 3,4-polyisoprene block and trans-1,4-poly(DMNT)block is obtained using complex 3c in one-pot reaction.Hydrogenation of trans-1,4-poly(DMNT)affords an elastomer with a T_(g) of–10 ℃.The epoxidation reaction of trans-1,4-poly(DMNT)with 3-chloroperbenzoic acid transfers the pendant double bonds in the cis configuration into the epoxy groups.
基金This research was supported by the projects of the National Social Funds of China(Grant No.18BJY085)the Think Tank Special Project of Hunan Social Science(Grant No.18ZWB22)the Project of Social Science Achievement Evaluation Committee of Hunan Province.
文摘Carbon emission reduction is the only way to alleviate environmental problems,such as global warming.Effective evaluation of carbon performance can help enterprises to carry out energy saving and emission reduction activities to a certain extent and promote sustainable development.This paper constructs a carbon performance evaluation index system that includes the four dimensions of carbon resource(energy)input,cycle,output,and carbon management by incorporating the principles of circular economy and the theory of resource value circulation from the perspective of the flow trajectory of carbon-containing resources in the circulation of enterprises combined with the production characteristics of thermoelectric enterprises.Subsequently,combined with the case study,this paper discusses the scientific and practical nature of the system and provides another way of thinking for carbon performance evaluation of micro-enterprises in other industries.This paper expands the application boundary of matter-element model and supplements the literature of carbon performance,which has certain theoretical and practical significance.
