On-demand droplet manipulation plays a critical role in microfluidics,bio/chemical detection and microreactions.Acoustic droplet manipulation has emerged as a promising technique due to its non-contact nature,biocompa...On-demand droplet manipulation plays a critical role in microfluidics,bio/chemical detection and microreactions.Acoustic droplet manipulation has emerged as a promising technique due to its non-contact nature,biocompatibility and precision,circumventing the complexities associated with other methods requiring surface or droplet pretreatment.Despite their promise,existing methods for acoustic droplet manipulation often involve complex hardware setups and difficulty for controlling individual droplet amidst multiple ones.Here we fabricate simple yet effective acoustic tweezers for in-surface and out-of-surface droplet manipulation.It is found that droplets can be transported on the superhydrophobic surfaces when the acoustic radiation force surpasses the friction force.Using a two-axis acoustic tweezer,droplets can be maneuvered along arbitrarily programmed paths on the surfaces.By introducing multiple labyrinthine structures on the superhydrophobic surface,individual droplet manipulation is realized by constraining the unselected droplets in the labyrinthine structures.In addition,a three-axis acoustic tweezer is developed for manipulating droplets in three-dimensional space.Potential applications of the acoustic tweezers for micro-reaction,bio-assay and chemical analysis are also demonstrated.展开更多
During the development of carbonate reservoirs,the risk of bottom water invasion is a frequent concern.Pore-scale simulation methods are commonly acknowledged as effective tools for investigating the dynamics involved...During the development of carbonate reservoirs,the risk of bottom water invasion is a frequent concern.Pore-scale simulation methods are commonly acknowledged as effective tools for investigating the dynamics involved in water invasion mechanisms.Despite extensive research on gas-water two-phase flow,few studies have investigated reservoirs with interlayers,which can remarkably affect assessments of water invasion.Three models were designed to study the effects of different interlayer distributions on flow behavior.A mathematical model based on the volume of fluid(VOF)method was employed to describe variations in water saturation.The four primary influencing factors(interlayer distribution,gravity,pressure difference,and wettability)were studied based on simulations.The accuracy of the model was validated through comparisons with microfluidic visualization experiments.Compared to the model without interlayers,the models with semi-permeable and semi-sealed interlayers reduced the risk of water invasion,resulting in slower upward water saturation rates and delayed water breakthrough times.Neglecting gravity would introduce errors of up to 5.6%in water saturation and 24.2%in water breakthrough time for the models with interlayers.Controlling the pressure difference within 1.5 MPa/100 m would effectively reduce the produced water-gas ratio and delay the water breakthrough time.The water invasion behavior in the models with interlayers was highly sensitive to contact angles in the range of 50°-60°,while its effect on the model without interlayers was relatively small.Field-scale water invasion dynamics with examples from the Yuanba(YB)gas field in the Sichuan Basin,China,were consistent with the pore-scale simulation results.This work provides fundamental support for and valuable insights into the development of similar gas reservoirs,offering a strong foundation for future endeavors in this field.展开更多
Hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)was characterized as being hypervascular.In the present study,we generated a single-cell spatial transcriptomic landscape of the vasculogenic etiology of HCC and illustrated overexpressed ...Hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)was characterized as being hypervascular.In the present study,we generated a single-cell spatial transcriptomic landscape of the vasculogenic etiology of HCC and illustrated overexpressed Golgi phosphoprotein 73(GP73)HCC cells exerting cellular communication with vascular endothelial cells with high pro-angiogenesis potential via multiple receptor-ligand interactions in the process of tumor vascular development.Specifically,we uncovered an interactive GP73-mediated regulatory network coordinated with c-Myc,lactate,Janus kinase 2/signal transducer and activator of transcription 3(JAK2/STAT3)pathway,and endoplasmic reticulum stress(ERS)signals in HCC cells and elucidated its pro-angiogenic roles in vitro and in vivo.Mechanistically,we found that GP73,the pivotal hub gene,was activated by histone lactylation and c-Myc,which stimulated the phosphorylation of downstream STAT3 by directly binding STAT3 and simultaneously enhancing glucose-regulated protein 78(GRP78)-induced ERS.STAT3 potentiates GP73-mediated pro-angiogenic functions.Clinically,serum GP73 levels were positively correlated with HCC response to anti-angiogenic regimens and were essential for a prognostic nomogram showing good predictive performance for determining 6-month and 1-year survival in patients with HCC treated with anti-angiogenic therapy.Taken together,the aforementioned data characterized the pro-angiogenic roles and mechanisms of a GP73-mediated network and proved that GP73 is a crucial tumor angiogenesis niche gene with favorable anti-angiogenic potential in the treatment of HCC.展开更多
An optimal sizing method is proposed in this paper for mobile battery energy storage system(MBESS)in the distribution system with renewables.The optimization is formulated as a bi-objective problem,considering the rel...An optimal sizing method is proposed in this paper for mobile battery energy storage system(MBESS)in the distribution system with renewables.The optimization is formulated as a bi-objective problem,considering the reliability improvement and energy transaction saving,simultaneously.To evaluate the reliability of distribution system with MBESS and intermittent generation sources,a new framework is proposed,which is based on zone partition and identification of circuit minimal tie sets.Both analytic and simulation methods for reliability assessment are presented and compared in the framework.Case studies on a modified IEEE benchmark system have verified the performance of the proposed approach.展开更多
Cloud-based quantum computing is anticipated to be the most useful and reachable form for public users to experience with the power of quantum. As initial attempts, IBM Q has launched influential cloud services on a s...Cloud-based quantum computing is anticipated to be the most useful and reachable form for public users to experience with the power of quantum. As initial attempts, IBM Q has launched influential cloud services on a superconducting quantum processor in 2016, but no other platforms has followed up yet. Here,we report our new cloud quantum computing service – NMRCloud Q(http://nmrcloudq.com/zh-hans/),where nuclear magnetic resonance, one of the pioneer platforms with mature techniques in experimental quantum computing, plays as the role of implementing computing tasks. Our service provides a comprehensive software environment preconfigured with a list of quantum information processing packages,and aims to be freely accessible to either amateurs that look forward to keeping pace with this quantum era or professionals that are interested in carrying out real quantum computing experiments in person. In our current version, four qubits are already usable with in average 99.10% single-qubit gate fidelity and 97.15% two-qubit fidelity via randomized benchmaking tests. Improved control precisions as well as a new seven-qubit processor are also in preparation and will be available later.展开更多
As a ubiquitous natural phenomenon,ice/frost formation on solid surfaces have adverse effects on many commercial and residential activities.Icephobic surfaces feature low ice adhesion strengths(<100 kPa)can passive...As a ubiquitous natural phenomenon,ice/frost formation on solid surfaces have adverse effects on many commercial and residential activities.Icephobic surfaces feature low ice adhesion strengths(<100 kPa)can passively retard ice formation and ease ice removal.Superhydrophobic surfaces and liquid-lubricating surfaces are two prevailing categories of icephobic surfaces.However,their long-term stability is relatively poor,and the ice adhesion strengths are not low enough for passive removal of small ice crystals(e.g.,frosts)from the surfaces.Herein,we combine the superhydrophobic and liquid-like properties in one surface to obtain durable icephobic surfaces with extremely low ice adhesion strengths(about 0.035 kPa).Ices and frosts can be removed from the surface under the action of gravity or gas purge.These surfaces are prepared based on surface nanoconical structure and covalently-grafted liquid-like perfluorinated polyether(PFPE)coating,which show synergy effects on suppressing icing and frosting by promoting expulsion of subcooled condensate droplets from the nanotexture and decreasing ice adhesion strengths.The icephobic surfaces show significantly better durability compared to lubricant-impregnated textured surfaces.Our results provide a new avenue to design passive anti-icing/anti-frosting surfaces for a wide range of applications where surfaces are exposed to humid and low-temperature environments.展开更多
We examine the problem of whether a multipartite pure quantum state can be uniquely determined by its reduced density matrices.We show that a generic pure state in three party Hilbert space HA■HB■HC, where dim(HA) =...We examine the problem of whether a multipartite pure quantum state can be uniquely determined by its reduced density matrices.We show that a generic pure state in three party Hilbert space HA■HB■HC, where dim(HA) = 2 and dim(HB) = dim(HC), can be uniquely determined by its reduced states on subsystems HA■HB and HA■HC. Then, we generalize the conclusion to the case that dim(H_1) > 2. As a corollary, we show that a generic N-qudit pure quantum state is uniquely determined by only two of its[(N+1)/2]-particle reduced density matrices. Furthermore,our results indicate a method to uniquely determine a generic N-qudit pure state of dimension D = d^N with only O(D) local measurements, which is an improvement compared to the previous known approach that uses O(D log^2 D) or O(D log D) local measurements.展开更多
Driven by the ever-increasing demand for fingerprint-resistant techniques in modern society,numerous researches have proposed to develop innovative antifingerprint coatings based on superhydrophobic/superoleophobic su...Driven by the ever-increasing demand for fingerprint-resistant techniques in modern society,numerous researches have proposed to develop innovative antifingerprint coatings based on superhydrophobic/superoleophobic surface design.However,whether superhydrophobic/superoleophobic surfaces have favorable repellency to the microscopic fingerprint is in fact an open question.Here,we establish a reliable method that enables evaluating the antifingerprint capability of various surfaces in a quantitative way.We show that superhydrophobicity is irrelevant with fingerprint repellency.Regarding superoleophobic surfaces,two distinct wetting states of microscopic fingerprint residues,i.e.,the"repellent"and the“collapsed”states,are revealed.Only in the"repellent"state,in which the fingerprint residues remain atop surface textures upon being pressed,superoleophobic surfaces can bring about favorable antifingerprint repellency,which correlates positively with their receding contact angles.A finger-deformation-dependent intrusion mechanism is proposed to account for the formation of diferent fingerprint wetting states.Our findings offer important insights into the mechanism of fingerprint repellency and will help the design of high-performance antifingerprint surfaces for diverse applications.展开更多
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.12072381,22072185,21805315)Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation(No.2024A1515011812)Science and Technology Innovation Project of Guangzhou(No.202102020263).
文摘On-demand droplet manipulation plays a critical role in microfluidics,bio/chemical detection and microreactions.Acoustic droplet manipulation has emerged as a promising technique due to its non-contact nature,biocompatibility and precision,circumventing the complexities associated with other methods requiring surface or droplet pretreatment.Despite their promise,existing methods for acoustic droplet manipulation often involve complex hardware setups and difficulty for controlling individual droplet amidst multiple ones.Here we fabricate simple yet effective acoustic tweezers for in-surface and out-of-surface droplet manipulation.It is found that droplets can be transported on the superhydrophobic surfaces when the acoustic radiation force surpasses the friction force.Using a two-axis acoustic tweezer,droplets can be maneuvered along arbitrarily programmed paths on the surfaces.By introducing multiple labyrinthine structures on the superhydrophobic surface,individual droplet manipulation is realized by constraining the unselected droplets in the labyrinthine structures.In addition,a three-axis acoustic tweezer is developed for manipulating droplets in three-dimensional space.Potential applications of the acoustic tweezers for micro-reaction,bio-assay and chemical analysis are also demonstrated.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.52304044)the Science and Technology Cooperation Project of the CNPC-SWPU Innovation Alliance(Grant No.2020CX010403)the Sichuan Science and Technology Program(Grant No.2022NSFSC0190).
文摘During the development of carbonate reservoirs,the risk of bottom water invasion is a frequent concern.Pore-scale simulation methods are commonly acknowledged as effective tools for investigating the dynamics involved in water invasion mechanisms.Despite extensive research on gas-water two-phase flow,few studies have investigated reservoirs with interlayers,which can remarkably affect assessments of water invasion.Three models were designed to study the effects of different interlayer distributions on flow behavior.A mathematical model based on the volume of fluid(VOF)method was employed to describe variations in water saturation.The four primary influencing factors(interlayer distribution,gravity,pressure difference,and wettability)were studied based on simulations.The accuracy of the model was validated through comparisons with microfluidic visualization experiments.Compared to the model without interlayers,the models with semi-permeable and semi-sealed interlayers reduced the risk of water invasion,resulting in slower upward water saturation rates and delayed water breakthrough times.Neglecting gravity would introduce errors of up to 5.6%in water saturation and 24.2%in water breakthrough time for the models with interlayers.Controlling the pressure difference within 1.5 MPa/100 m would effectively reduce the produced water-gas ratio and delay the water breakthrough time.The water invasion behavior in the models with interlayers was highly sensitive to contact angles in the range of 50°-60°,while its effect on the model without interlayers was relatively small.Field-scale water invasion dynamics with examples from the Yuanba(YB)gas field in the Sichuan Basin,China,were consistent with the pore-scale simulation results.This work provides fundamental support for and valuable insights into the development of similar gas reservoirs,offering a strong foundation for future endeavors in this field.
基金granted by Guangxi Key Research and Development Plan(no.GUIKEAB19245002)National Natural Science Foundation of China(nos.82060427 and 82103297)+2 种基金Guangxi Natural Science Foundation(nos.2024GXNSFDA010046 and 2024GXNSFAA010401)Advanced Innovation Teams and Xinghu Scholars Program of Guangxi Medical University,Guangxi Medical University Outstanding Young Talents Training Program,Guangxi Scholarship Fund of Guangxi Education Department,Nanning Qingxiu District Science and Technology Project(nos.2020037,2020038,2021007,2021010,and 2021012)Guangxi Medical and health key discipline construction project,and Guangxi Key Laboratory of Basic and Translational Research for Colorectal Cancer.
文摘Hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)was characterized as being hypervascular.In the present study,we generated a single-cell spatial transcriptomic landscape of the vasculogenic etiology of HCC and illustrated overexpressed Golgi phosphoprotein 73(GP73)HCC cells exerting cellular communication with vascular endothelial cells with high pro-angiogenesis potential via multiple receptor-ligand interactions in the process of tumor vascular development.Specifically,we uncovered an interactive GP73-mediated regulatory network coordinated with c-Myc,lactate,Janus kinase 2/signal transducer and activator of transcription 3(JAK2/STAT3)pathway,and endoplasmic reticulum stress(ERS)signals in HCC cells and elucidated its pro-angiogenic roles in vitro and in vivo.Mechanistically,we found that GP73,the pivotal hub gene,was activated by histone lactylation and c-Myc,which stimulated the phosphorylation of downstream STAT3 by directly binding STAT3 and simultaneously enhancing glucose-regulated protein 78(GRP78)-induced ERS.STAT3 potentiates GP73-mediated pro-angiogenic functions.Clinically,serum GP73 levels were positively correlated with HCC response to anti-angiogenic regimens and were essential for a prognostic nomogram showing good predictive performance for determining 6-month and 1-year survival in patients with HCC treated with anti-angiogenic therapy.Taken together,the aforementioned data characterized the pro-angiogenic roles and mechanisms of a GP73-mediated network and proved that GP73 is a crucial tumor angiogenesis niche gene with favorable anti-angiogenic potential in the treatment of HCC.
基金This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Young Scholar Program 71401017,General Program 51277016)State Key Laboratory of Alternate Electrical Power System with Renewable Energy Sources(Grant No.LAPS14002)+1 种基金Fujian regional science and technology major projects,China(2013H41010151)Hong Kong RGC Theme Based Research Scheme Grant No.T23-407/13-N.
文摘An optimal sizing method is proposed in this paper for mobile battery energy storage system(MBESS)in the distribution system with renewables.The optimization is formulated as a bi-objective problem,considering the reliability improvement and energy transaction saving,simultaneously.To evaluate the reliability of distribution system with MBESS and intermittent generation sources,a new framework is proposed,which is based on zone partition and identification of circuit minimal tie sets.Both analytic and simulation methods for reliability assessment are presented and compared in the framework.Case studies on a modified IEEE benchmark system have verified the performance of the proposed approach.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(11175094)National Basic Research Program of China(2015CB921002)+7 种基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(61771278)supported by the National Basic Research Program of China(2014CB921403,2016YFA0301201,2014CB848700 and 2013CB921800)National Natural Science Foundation of China(11421063,11534002,11375167 and 11605005)the National Science Fund for Distinguished Young Scholars(11425523)NSAF(U1530401)Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada(NSERC)Canadian Institute for Advanced Research(CIFAR)Chinese Ministry of Education(20173080024)
文摘Cloud-based quantum computing is anticipated to be the most useful and reachable form for public users to experience with the power of quantum. As initial attempts, IBM Q has launched influential cloud services on a superconducting quantum processor in 2016, but no other platforms has followed up yet. Here,we report our new cloud quantum computing service – NMRCloud Q(http://nmrcloudq.com/zh-hans/),where nuclear magnetic resonance, one of the pioneer platforms with mature techniques in experimental quantum computing, plays as the role of implementing computing tasks. Our service provides a comprehensive software environment preconfigured with a list of quantum information processing packages,and aims to be freely accessible to either amateurs that look forward to keeping pace with this quantum era or professionals that are interested in carrying out real quantum computing experiments in person. In our current version, four qubits are already usable with in average 99.10% single-qubit gate fidelity and 97.15% two-qubit fidelity via randomized benchmaking tests. Improved control precisions as well as a new seven-qubit processor are also in preparation and will be available later.
基金We acknowledge the financial support from National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.22072185,12072381,21872176,and 21805315)Pearl River Talents Program(No.2017GC010671),Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province(No.2019A1515012030)Science and Technology Innovation Project of Guangzhou(No.202102020263).
文摘As a ubiquitous natural phenomenon,ice/frost formation on solid surfaces have adverse effects on many commercial and residential activities.Icephobic surfaces feature low ice adhesion strengths(<100 kPa)can passively retard ice formation and ease ice removal.Superhydrophobic surfaces and liquid-lubricating surfaces are two prevailing categories of icephobic surfaces.However,their long-term stability is relatively poor,and the ice adhesion strengths are not low enough for passive removal of small ice crystals(e.g.,frosts)from the surfaces.Herein,we combine the superhydrophobic and liquid-like properties in one surface to obtain durable icephobic surfaces with extremely low ice adhesion strengths(about 0.035 kPa).Ices and frosts can be removed from the surface under the action of gravity or gas purge.These surfaces are prepared based on surface nanoconical structure and covalently-grafted liquid-like perfluorinated polyether(PFPE)coating,which show synergy effects on suppressing icing and frosting by promoting expulsion of subcooled condensate droplets from the nanotexture and decreasing ice adhesion strengths.The icephobic surfaces show significantly better durability compared to lubricant-impregnated textured surfaces.Our results provide a new avenue to design passive anti-icing/anti-frosting surfaces for a wide range of applications where surfaces are exposed to humid and low-temperature environments.
基金supported by Chinese Ministry of Education(Grant No.20173080024)the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada(NSERC)Canadian Institute for Advanced Research(CIFAR)
文摘We examine the problem of whether a multipartite pure quantum state can be uniquely determined by its reduced density matrices.We show that a generic pure state in three party Hilbert space HA■HB■HC, where dim(HA) = 2 and dim(HB) = dim(HC), can be uniquely determined by its reduced states on subsystems HA■HB and HA■HC. Then, we generalize the conclusion to the case that dim(H_1) > 2. As a corollary, we show that a generic N-qudit pure quantum state is uniquely determined by only two of its[(N+1)/2]-particle reduced density matrices. Furthermore,our results indicate a method to uniquely determine a generic N-qudit pure state of dimension D = d^N with only O(D) local measurements, which is an improvement compared to the previous known approach that uses O(D log^2 D) or O(D log D) local measurements.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(21872176,22072185,and 12072381)the Guangdong Provincial Pearl River Talents Program(2017GC010671)the Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province(2019A1515012030)。
文摘Driven by the ever-increasing demand for fingerprint-resistant techniques in modern society,numerous researches have proposed to develop innovative antifingerprint coatings based on superhydrophobic/superoleophobic surface design.However,whether superhydrophobic/superoleophobic surfaces have favorable repellency to the microscopic fingerprint is in fact an open question.Here,we establish a reliable method that enables evaluating the antifingerprint capability of various surfaces in a quantitative way.We show that superhydrophobicity is irrelevant with fingerprint repellency.Regarding superoleophobic surfaces,two distinct wetting states of microscopic fingerprint residues,i.e.,the"repellent"and the“collapsed”states,are revealed.Only in the"repellent"state,in which the fingerprint residues remain atop surface textures upon being pressed,superoleophobic surfaces can bring about favorable antifingerprint repellency,which correlates positively with their receding contact angles.A finger-deformation-dependent intrusion mechanism is proposed to account for the formation of diferent fingerprint wetting states.Our findings offer important insights into the mechanism of fingerprint repellency and will help the design of high-performance antifingerprint surfaces for diverse applications.
