Drilling operations in carbonate rock heavy oil blocks(e.g.,in the Tahe Oilfield)are challenged by the intrusion of high-viscosity,temperature-sensitive formation heavy oil into the drilling fluid.This phenomenon ofte...Drilling operations in carbonate rock heavy oil blocks(e.g.,in the Tahe Oilfield)are challenged by the intrusion of high-viscosity,temperature-sensitive formation heavy oil into the drilling fluid.This phenomenon often results in wellbore blockage,reduced penetration rates,and compromised well control,thereby significantly limiting drilling efficiency and operational safety.To address this issue,this study conducts a comprehensive investigation into the mechanisms governing heavy oil invasion using a combination of laboratory experiments and field data analysis.Findings indicate that the reservoir exhibits strong heterogeneity and that the heavy oil possesses distinctive physical properties.The intrusion process is governed by multiple interrelated factors,including pressure differentials,pore structure,and the rheological behavior of the heavy oil.Experimental results reveal that the invasion of heavy oil occurs in distinct phases,with temperature playing a critical role in altering its viscosity.Specifically,as temperature increases,the apparent viscosity of the drilling fluid decreases;however,elevated pressures induce a nonlinear increase in viscosity.Furthermore,the compatibility between the drilling fluid and the intruding heavy oil declines markedly with increasing oil concentration,substantially raising the risk of wellbore obstruction.Simulation experiments further confirm that at temperatures exceeding 40℃and injection rates of L/min,the likelihood of wellbore blockage significantly≥0.4increases due to heavy oil infiltration.Based on these insights,a suite of targeted mitigation strategies is proposed.These include the formulation of specialized chemical additives,such as viscosity reducers,dispersants,and plugging removal agents,the real-time adjustment of drilling fluid density,and the implementation of advanced monitoring and early-warning systems.展开更多
Objective： To test the expression of mutant p73, p53, ER and PR proteins in the esophageal normal mucosa, hyperplasia, dysplasia and squamous cell carcinoma, and research the clinically pathological significance and ...Objective： To test the expression of mutant p73, p53, ER and PR proteins in the esophageal normal mucosa, hyperplasia, dysplasia and squamous cell carcinoma, and research the clinically pathological significance and the correlation, for the early diagnosis, prognostic measure and therapy in clinic. Methods： With Immunohistochemistry, it was examined to show these tumor markers＇ expression in different epithelial lesions of 40 esophageal squamous cell carcinomas, 14 dysplasias, 14 hyperplasias and 14 normal mucosas. Results： The expression of p73 was 55%, 21%, 0% and 0% in the esophageal carcinoma, dysplasia, hyperplasia and normal mucosa, respectively. The significant difference in expression of p73 （P〈0.001） was observed between the esophageal normal mucosia, hyperplasia, dysplasia and esophageal squamous cell carcinoma with Fisher＇s exact test. Difference in expression of p73 （P〈0.05） was observed between the esophageal squamous cell carcinoma and dysplasia with X^2 test. The expression of p73 showed non-correlation with the patient＇s age, sex, tumor＇s grade, lymph-node metastasis and invasive depth （P〉0.05）; Similarly, the expression of mutant p53 was 67.5%, 35.7%, 7% and 0%, respectively; In like manner, the expression of ER was 55%, 21.4%, 14.2% and 0%, respectively; The expression of PR was 57.5%,14.28%, 0% and 0%, respectively. The significant difference in expression of PR （P〈0.001） was observed with Fisher＇s exact test. Difference in expression of PR （P〈0.05） was observed between the esophageal squamous cell carcinoma and dysplasia with x2 test. The expression of PR （P〈0.05） was correlated with lymph-node metastasis, and showed non-correlation with the patient＇s age, sex, tumor＇s grade, and invasive depth （P〉0.05）. Moreover, over-expression of mutant p53 and p73 showed significant correlation with ER and PR protein＇s positive expression （P〈0.05）. Conclusion： P73 protein may become a new tumor＇s marker to diagnose esophageal squarnous celt carcinoma. Because the expression of p73 protein was closely correlated with ER and PR, they could be simultaneously examined to help to early diagnose, prognosticate and cure esophageal carcinoma.展开更多
This paper reports on the design,fabrication,and temperature strain sensing performance of a fiber Bragg grating composite structure for surface mounted temperature measurements over a wide temperature range,with high...This paper reports on the design,fabrication,and temperature strain sensing performance of a fiber Bragg grating composite structure for surface mounted temperature measurements over a wide temperature range,with highly reduced strain cross-sensitivity.The fiber Bragg grating sensor is encapsulated in a polyimide tube filled with epoxy resin,forming an arc-shaped cavity.This assembly is then placed between two layers of glass fiber prepreg with a flexible pad in between and cured into shape.Experimental results,supported by finite element simulations,demonstrate an enhanced temperature sensitivity is 26.3 pm/°C over a wide temperature range of–30°C to 70°C,and high strain transfer isolation of about 99.65%.展开更多
Proteins are fundamental to nearly all biological processes,making protein-level investigation essential for a deeper understanding of plant biology.Recent advances in mass spectrometry(MS)-based proteomics have enabl...Proteins are fundamental to nearly all biological processes,making protein-level investigation essential for a deeper understanding of plant biology.Recent advances in mass spectrometry(MS)-based proteomics have enabled precise,high-throughput analyses of plant protein expression,modification,and interaction patterns(Sang et al.,2025).展开更多
RNA-binding proteins(RBPs)accompany RNA from synthesis to decay,mediating every aspect of RNA metabolism and impacting diverse cellular and developmental processes in eukaryotes.Many RBPs undergo phase separation alon...RNA-binding proteins(RBPs)accompany RNA from synthesis to decay,mediating every aspect of RNA metabolism and impacting diverse cellular and developmental processes in eukaryotes.Many RBPs undergo phase separation along with their bound RNA to form and function in dynamic membraneless biomolecular condensates for spatiotemporal coordination or regulation of RNA metabolism.Increasing evidence suggests that phase-separating RBPs with RNA-binding domains and intrinsically disordered regions play important roles in plant development and stress adaptation.Here,we summarize the current knowledge about how dynamic partitioning of RBPs into condensates controls plant development and enables sensing of experimental changes to confer growth plasticity under stress conditions,with a focus on the dynamics and functional mechanisms of RBP-rich nuclear condensates and cytoplasmic granules in mediating RNA metabolism.We also discuss roles of multiple factors,such as environmental signals,protein modifications,and N6-methyladenosine RNA methylation,in modulating the phase separation behaviors of RBPs,and highlight the prospects and challenges for future research on phase-separating RBPs in crops.展开更多
Methanol to olefins(MTO)as an important reaction in C1 chemistry can effectively transform non-petroleum carbon resources into value-added chemicals.Zeolites have been widely used as MTO catalysts.However,they usually...Methanol to olefins(MTO)as an important reaction in C1 chemistry can effectively transform non-petroleum carbon resources into value-added chemicals.Zeolites have been widely used as MTO catalysts.However,they usually suffer from a rapid deactivation due to bulky coke species production,and thus require continuous regenerations in industrial application.The key to design and develop highly stable zeolite catalysts for MTO process is to unravel the deactivation mechanism and clarify the structure–performance relationship of catalysts.Here,in this mini-review,we investigate the critical intermediate species inducing zeolite deactivation and analyze the formation and evolution pathways of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons(PAHs)that are the precursors of carbonaceous deposits.In addition,some methods to alleviate the coking mainly including acid regulation,morphology modification and process optimization,are also summarized.展开更多
基金Hubei Key Laboratory of Oil and Gas Drilling and Production Engineering(Yangtze University),China(Grant No.YQZC202415)Hubei Province Science and Technology Plan Project(Key R&D Special Project),China(Grant No.2023BCB070)+2 种基金Key R&D Program Project in Xinjiang,China,Grant No.2022B01042Guiding Project of Scientific Research Program of Education Department of Hubei Province,China(Grant No.B2023024)Open Fund of National Key Laboratory of Oil and Gas Reservoir Geology and Exploitation(Southwest Petroleum University),Grant No.PLN2023-03.
文摘Drilling operations in carbonate rock heavy oil blocks(e.g.,in the Tahe Oilfield)are challenged by the intrusion of high-viscosity,temperature-sensitive formation heavy oil into the drilling fluid.This phenomenon often results in wellbore blockage,reduced penetration rates,and compromised well control,thereby significantly limiting drilling efficiency and operational safety.To address this issue,this study conducts a comprehensive investigation into the mechanisms governing heavy oil invasion using a combination of laboratory experiments and field data analysis.Findings indicate that the reservoir exhibits strong heterogeneity and that the heavy oil possesses distinctive physical properties.The intrusion process is governed by multiple interrelated factors,including pressure differentials,pore structure,and the rheological behavior of the heavy oil.Experimental results reveal that the invasion of heavy oil occurs in distinct phases,with temperature playing a critical role in altering its viscosity.Specifically,as temperature increases,the apparent viscosity of the drilling fluid decreases;however,elevated pressures induce a nonlinear increase in viscosity.Furthermore,the compatibility between the drilling fluid and the intruding heavy oil declines markedly with increasing oil concentration,substantially raising the risk of wellbore obstruction.Simulation experiments further confirm that at temperatures exceeding 40℃and injection rates of L/min,the likelihood of wellbore blockage significantly≥0.4increases due to heavy oil infiltration.Based on these insights,a suite of targeted mitigation strategies is proposed.These include the formulation of specialized chemical additives,such as viscosity reducers,dispersants,and plugging removal agents,the real-time adjustment of drilling fluid density,and the implementation of advanced monitoring and early-warning systems.
文摘Objective： To test the expression of mutant p73, p53, ER and PR proteins in the esophageal normal mucosa, hyperplasia, dysplasia and squamous cell carcinoma, and research the clinically pathological significance and the correlation, for the early diagnosis, prognostic measure and therapy in clinic. Methods： With Immunohistochemistry, it was examined to show these tumor markers＇ expression in different epithelial lesions of 40 esophageal squamous cell carcinomas, 14 dysplasias, 14 hyperplasias and 14 normal mucosas. Results： The expression of p73 was 55%, 21%, 0% and 0% in the esophageal carcinoma, dysplasia, hyperplasia and normal mucosa, respectively. The significant difference in expression of p73 （P〈0.001） was observed between the esophageal normal mucosia, hyperplasia, dysplasia and esophageal squamous cell carcinoma with Fisher＇s exact test. Difference in expression of p73 （P〈0.05） was observed between the esophageal squamous cell carcinoma and dysplasia with X^2 test. The expression of p73 showed non-correlation with the patient＇s age, sex, tumor＇s grade, lymph-node metastasis and invasive depth （P〉0.05）; Similarly, the expression of mutant p53 was 67.5%, 35.7%, 7% and 0%, respectively; In like manner, the expression of ER was 55%, 21.4%, 14.2% and 0%, respectively; The expression of PR was 57.5%,14.28%, 0% and 0%, respectively. The significant difference in expression of PR （P〈0.001） was observed with Fisher＇s exact test. Difference in expression of PR （P〈0.05） was observed between the esophageal squamous cell carcinoma and dysplasia with x2 test. The expression of PR （P〈0.05） was correlated with lymph-node metastasis, and showed non-correlation with the patient＇s age, sex, tumor＇s grade, and invasive depth （P〉0.05）. Moreover, over-expression of mutant p53 and p73 showed significant correlation with ER and PR protein＇s positive expression （P〈0.05）. Conclusion： P73 protein may become a new tumor＇s marker to diagnose esophageal squarnous celt carcinoma. Because the expression of p73 protein was closely correlated with ER and PR, they could be simultaneously examined to help to early diagnose, prognosticate and cure esophageal carcinoma.
基金the financial support from Zhuzhou Times New Material Technology Co.LtD.(Grant No.XCFDJS-2022-00004495)Chilean National Agency for Research and Development(Basal FB0008).
文摘This paper reports on the design,fabrication,and temperature strain sensing performance of a fiber Bragg grating composite structure for surface mounted temperature measurements over a wide temperature range,with highly reduced strain cross-sensitivity.The fiber Bragg grating sensor is encapsulated in a polyimide tube filled with epoxy resin,forming an arc-shaped cavity.This assembly is then placed between two layers of glass fiber prepreg with a flexible pad in between and cured into shape.Experimental results,supported by finite element simulations,demonstrate an enhanced temperature sensitivity is 26.3 pm/°C over a wide temperature range of–30°C to 70°C,and high strain transfer isolation of about 99.65%.
基金supported by the National Research Foundation Competitive Research Programme(NRF-CRP22-2019-0001)by intramural research funding from the Temasek Life Sciences Laboratory.
文摘Proteins are fundamental to nearly all biological processes,making protein-level investigation essential for a deeper understanding of plant biology.Recent advances in mass spectrometry(MS)-based proteomics have enabled precise,high-throughput analyses of plant protein expression,modification,and interaction patterns(Sang et al.,2025).
基金supported by the National Research Foundation Competitive Research Programme(NRF-CRP22-2019-0001)the intramural funding from Temasek Life Sciences Laboratory。
文摘RNA-binding proteins(RBPs)accompany RNA from synthesis to decay,mediating every aspect of RNA metabolism and impacting diverse cellular and developmental processes in eukaryotes.Many RBPs undergo phase separation along with their bound RNA to form and function in dynamic membraneless biomolecular condensates for spatiotemporal coordination or regulation of RNA metabolism.Increasing evidence suggests that phase-separating RBPs with RNA-binding domains and intrinsically disordered regions play important roles in plant development and stress adaptation.Here,we summarize the current knowledge about how dynamic partitioning of RBPs into condensates controls plant development and enables sensing of experimental changes to confer growth plasticity under stress conditions,with a focus on the dynamics and functional mechanisms of RBP-rich nuclear condensates and cytoplasmic granules in mediating RNA metabolism.We also discuss roles of multiple factors,such as environmental signals,protein modifications,and N6-methyladenosine RNA methylation,in modulating the phase separation behaviors of RBPs,and highlight the prospects and challenges for future research on phase-separating RBPs in crops.
基金supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(2023YFB4103700,2023YFB4103204)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(21991090,21991092,22272195,22322208,U1910203,U22A20431)+4 种基金the Technical Support Talent Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(YJSZC2023001)the Natural Science Foundation of Shanxi Province of China(202203021224009)the Innovation Foundation of Institute of Coal Chemistry,Chinese Academy of Sciences(SCJC-DT-2023-06)the Youth Innovation Promotion Association CAS(2021172)the Excellent Doctoral Student Award and Subsidy Program of Shanxi Province(BK2018001)。
文摘Methanol to olefins(MTO)as an important reaction in C1 chemistry can effectively transform non-petroleum carbon resources into value-added chemicals.Zeolites have been widely used as MTO catalysts.However,they usually suffer from a rapid deactivation due to bulky coke species production,and thus require continuous regenerations in industrial application.The key to design and develop highly stable zeolite catalysts for MTO process is to unravel the deactivation mechanism and clarify the structure–performance relationship of catalysts.Here,in this mini-review,we investigate the critical intermediate species inducing zeolite deactivation and analyze the formation and evolution pathways of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons(PAHs)that are the precursors of carbonaceous deposits.In addition,some methods to alleviate the coking mainly including acid regulation,morphology modification and process optimization,are also summarized.
