Gossypium raimondii(2n=2x=26,D_(5)),an untapped wild species,is the putative progenitor of the D-subgenome of G.hirsutum(2n=4x=52,AD_(1)),an extensively cultivated species.Here,we developed a G.hirsutum(recipient)–G....Gossypium raimondii(2n=2x=26,D_(5)),an untapped wild species,is the putative progenitor of the D-subgenome of G.hirsutum(2n=4x=52,AD_(1)),an extensively cultivated species.Here,we developed a G.hirsutum(recipient)–G.raimondii(donor)introgression population to exploit the favorable QTLs/genes and mapped potential quantitative trait loci(QTLs)from wild cotton species.The introgression population consisted of 256 lines with an introgression rate of 52.33%for the G.raimondii genome.The introgression segment length range was 0.03–19.12 Mb,with an average of 1.22 Mb.The coverage of total introgression fragments from G.raimondii was 386.98 Mb.Further genome-wide association analysis(Q+K+MLM)and QTL mapping(RSTEP-LRT)identified 59 common QTLs,including 14 stable QTLs and six common QTL(co-QTL)clusters,and one hotspot of micronaire(MIC).The common QTLs for seed index all showed positive additive effects,while the common QTLs for boll weight all had negative additive effects,indicating that the linkage between seed index and boll weight could be broken.QTLs for lint percentage showed positive effects and could be beneficial for improving cotton yield.Most QTLs for fiber quality had negative additive effects,implying these QTLs were domesticated/improved in G.hirsutum.A few fiber quality QTLs showed positive additive effects,so they could be used to improve cotton fiber quality.The introgression lines developed could be useful for molecular marker-assisted breeding and mapping QTLs precisely for mining desirable genes from the wild species G.raimondii.Such genes can improve cultivated cotton in the future through a designbreeding approach.展开更多
Hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)shows the highest morbidity among liver cancers which is characterized by genetic mutations in hepatocytes,leading to uncontrolled cell growth and proliferation.Current treatment include s...Hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)shows the highest morbidity among liver cancers which is characterized by genetic mutations in hepatocytes,leading to uncontrolled cell growth and proliferation.Current treatment include surgery,chemotherapy and immunotherapy;however,chemotherapeutics,which focus on single-targeted drug therapy,are still associated with certain limitations and may affect the treatment outcomes.Natural products also show the anticancer effect of HCC and hypotoxicity,but overall low activity of natural products limits their further application.miRNAs canmodulate post-transcriptional functions of target genes.An increasing body of evidence has demonstrated that miRNAs are the key regulators in HCC by targeting different molecules in different signaling pathways.However,miRNAs are fragile and liable to catabolism by RNases in serum and other body fluids,and small molecules separated from natural products may have limited bioavailability.A chitosan based,targeted,sustained-release nanoparticle deliverymiR-128–3p agomir(NA-miR-128–3p)was developed in this work.This nanoparticle was prepared by pentasodium tripolyphosphate(TPP),chitosan hydrochloride and miR-128–3p agomir with target aptamer which was loaded into the chitosan nanoparticle by self-assembly.It can intervene in HCC progress by affecting AKT1 expression.Based on this,a novel,efficient,long-acting,multi-mechanism and low-dosage combination drug delivery strategy was proposed in thiswork and showed a prominent anti-tumor effect.NA-miR-128–3p combined with natural product Oroxin B significantly affected HCC progression by the interference with VEGF and PI3K-AKT pathways,better than using NA-miR-128–3p and Oroxin B alone.Taken together,this nanoparticle and combinative administration compensate for the shortcomings of the fragile RNA drugs and the low activity of natural products,with high prospects in HCC treatment.展开更多
Laser anti-drone technology is entering the sequence of actual combat,and it is necessary to consider the vulnerability of typical functional parts of UAVs.Since the concept of"vulnerability"was proposed,a v...Laser anti-drone technology is entering the sequence of actual combat,and it is necessary to consider the vulnerability of typical functional parts of UAVs.Since the concept of"vulnerability"was proposed,a variety of analysis programs for battlefield targets to traditional weapons have been developed,but a comprehensive assessment methodology for targets'vulnerability to laser is still missing.Based on the shotline method,this paper proposes a method that equates laser beam to shotline array,an efficient vulnerability analysis program of target to laser is established by this method,and the program includes the circuit board and the wire into the vulnerability analysis category,which improves the precision of the vulnerability analysis.Taking the UAV engine part as the target of vulnerability analysis,combine with the"life-death unit method"to calculate the laser penetration rate of various materials of the UAV,and the influence of laser weapon system parameters and striking orientation on the killing probability is quantified after introducing the penetration rate into the vulnerability analysis program.The quantitative analysis method proposed in this paper has certain general expansibility,which can provide a fresh idea for the vulnerability analysis of other targets to laser.展开更多
Partial substitution of polyoxometalate(POM)is an efficient route to modulate the catalytic property of maternal POM.In this work,a new Keggin type POM involving{Ni 6}cluster,{[Ni(H_(2)O)_(2)(Dach)_(2)][Ni(Dach)_(2)]_...Partial substitution of polyoxometalate(POM)is an efficient route to modulate the catalytic property of maternal POM.In this work,a new Keggin type POM involving{Ni 6}cluster,{[Ni(H_(2)O)_(2)(Dach)_(2)][Ni(Dach)_(2)]_(2)}{[Ni_(6)Cl(μ-OH)_(3)(H_(2)O)(Dach)_(3)(WO_(4))(PW9 O_(3)_(4))][Ni_(6)(μ-OH)_(3)(H_(2)O)_(2)(Dach)_(3)(WO_(4))(PW9 O_(3)_(4))]}Cl·27H_(2)O,(1,Dach=1,2-diaminocyclohexane)was synthesized.Compounds 1 shows excellent catalytic performance in the selective oxidation of aniline to azoxybenzene(AOB)in water.The apparently different results from that with the matrix{PW_(9)O_(34)}({PW9})suggest the successful regulation of the catalytic property of{PW9}by the introduction of the{Ni6}cluster into the skeleton.The experimental results indicate that the highlighted performance of 1 is contributed by the synergy of W and Ni sites,which are respectively responsible for the oxidation and condensation steps in the production of AOB.The good selectivity to AOB is essentially attributed to the effective modulation of the reaction rates of oxidation and condensation steps by W and Ni sites,respectively.展开更多
The recent pneumonia outbreak caused by a novel coronavirus(SARS-CoV-2)is posing a great threat to global public health.Therefore,rapid and accurate identification of pathogenic viruses plays a vital role in selecting...The recent pneumonia outbreak caused by a novel coronavirus(SARS-CoV-2)is posing a great threat to global public health.Therefore,rapid and accurate identification of pathogenic viruses plays a vital role in selecting appropriate treatments,saving people's lives and preventing epidemics.It is important to establish a quick standard diagnostic test for the detection of the infectious disease(COVID-19)to prevent subsequent secondary spread.Polymerase chain reaction(PCR)is regarded as a gold standard test for the molecular diagnosis of viral and bacterial infections with high sensitivity and specificity.Isothermal nucleic acid amplification is considered to be a highly promising candidate method due to its fundamental advantage in quick procedure time at constant temperature without thermocycler opera-tion.A variety of improved or new approaches also have been developed.This review summarizes the currently available detection methods for coronavirus nucleic acid.It is anticipated that this will assist researchers and clinicians in developing better techniques for timely and effective detection of coro-navirus infection.展开更多
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a family of endogenous, small (approximately 22 nucleotides in length), noncoding, functional RNAs. With the development of molecular biology, the research of miRNA biological function has attra...MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a family of endogenous, small (approximately 22 nucleotides in length), noncoding, functional RNAs. With the development of molecular biology, the research of miRNA biological function has attracted significant interest, as abnormal miRNA expression is identified to contribute to serious human diseases such as cancers. Traditional methods for miRNA detection do not meet current demands. In particular, nanomaterial-based methods, nucleic acid amplification-based methods such as rolling circle amplification (RCA), loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP), strand-displacement amplification (SDA) and some enzyme-free amplifications have been employed widely for the highly sensitive detection of miRNA. MiRNA functional research and clinical diagnostics have been accelerated by these new techniques. Herein, we summarize and discuss the recent progress in the development of miRNA detection methods and new applications. This review will provide guidelines for the development of follow-up miRNA detection methods with high sensitivity and specificity, and applicability to disease diagnosis and therapy.展开更多
The conversion of CO_(2)into CO,CH_(4)and other hydrocarbons through solar energy can alleviate the energy shortage problem.We design a novel photocatalyst with S defects CuIn_(5)S_(8)@MoSe_(2)hollow structure.The int...The conversion of CO_(2)into CO,CH_(4)and other hydrocarbons through solar energy can alleviate the energy shortage problem.We design a novel photocatalyst with S defects CuIn_(5)S_(8)@MoSe_(2)hollow structure.The interlayerexpanded MoSe_(2)can increase the adsorption of intermediates.The unique hollow structure can improve the light utilization efficiency and the electron–holes separation.CuIn_(5)S_(8)with S vacancies in bimetallic sites has high selectivity and photocatalytic reduction of CO_(2)activity.Therefore,S vacant CuIn_(5)S_(8)confined in a few-layers MoSe_(2)with interlayer-expanded hollow heterostructures exhibit super performance for photocatalytic CO_(2)reduction.After 8-h light reaction,the outputs of CO and CH_(4)for the 15.3 wt%CuIn_(5)S_(8)@MoSe_(2)sample containing S vacancies(Vs)are 30.4 and 14.7 lmol·g^(-1),respectively.The mechanism is also investigated in detail through in situ Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy technology.展开更多
Along with the continuous consumption in lithium-ion batteries (LIBs), the price of cobalt is inevitably going up in recent years. Therefore, recycling valuable Co element from spent devices, and boosting its service ...Along with the continuous consumption in lithium-ion batteries (LIBs), the price of cobalt is inevitably going up in recent years. Therefore, recycling valuable Co element from spent devices, and boosting its service efficiency are becoming two indispensable approaches to promote the utilization of Co in various energy conversion/storage devices. Herein, we realize the recovery of Co from spent LIBs and synthesize a three–dimensional (3D) sea-urchin-like cobalt nitride composite material (labeled as CoN-Gr-2), which is used as a bi-functional catalyst for water splitting. Benefiting from the intrinsic high conductivity, larger surface area and unique 3D sea–urchin–like architecture, CoN-Gr-2 shows an excellent electron transfer efficiency, highly exposed active sites as well as the superior mass transport capacity. The CoN-Gr-2 catalyst exhibits low overpotentials of 128.9 mV and 280 mV for hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) and oxygen evolution reaction (OER), which are comparable to the commercial 20 wt% Pt/C and RuO_(2) catalysts. Moreover, when adopting CoN-Gr-2 as both anode and cathode materials for overall water splitting (in 1.0 M KOH electrolyte), the assembled cell achieves a current density of 10 mA cm^(−2) at 1.61 V, which almost close to that of Pt/C||RuO_(2) benchmark (1.60 V), demonstrating its superior water-splitting efficiency. Meanwhile, the CoN catalysts exhibit strong chemical interaction with the Gr support, suppressing the aggregation of CoN catalysts and maintains their high activity during HER and OER reactions. So, the cell exhibits a high current retention of 97.3% after 40 h. This work successfully develops an industrial chain from recycling Co wastes in spent energy devices to controllably designing 3D sea-urchin-like CoN-Gr with high water splitting efficiency. Therefore, it could further promote the efficient utilization of valuable Co element in various energy devices.展开更多
Objective To evaluate color Doppler ultrasonography (CDU) appearances of renal vein thrombosis (RVT) and its diagnostic value.Methods Ten patients with RVT were analyzed retrospectively. Renal structure, distributions...Objective To evaluate color Doppler ultrasonography (CDU) appearances of renal vein thrombosis (RVT) and its diagnostic value.Methods Ten patients with RVT were analyzed retrospectively. Renal structure, distributions of intrarenal flow signals, echogenicity, and flow fullness in main renal veins were observed with CDU. Resistance index (RI) was recorded from the waveforms of segmental or interlobar renal artery.Results Ten kidneys in nine patients were confirmed to have thrombus within the main renal veins, and one patient was confirmed to have thrombus within the small intrarenal veins. The appearances of the main renal vein thrombosis included full of solid echogenicity or strip echogenicity and complete or partial filling defect within the main renal veins, and absent or a few intrarenal venous flow signals in 70% of kidneys involved. The appearances of intrarenal vein thrombosis included obscure renal structure and no venous flow signal within the involved part of the kidneys. Reverse diastolic flow in the intrarenal artery had only a sensitivity of 36% (4/11); in other 7 kidneys without intrarenal arterial reverse diastolic flow, increased RI (mean, 0.84; range, 0.74-0.96) was found.Conclusion CDU is helpful for rapid clinical diagnosis and follow-up of RVT, and therefore can be the first imaging modality of choice for RVT.展开更多
The pressure distributions generated by vaporizing metal foils were studied.An analytical model which described the dynamic mechanical behavior of a rectangular plate under an impulsive loading was introduced.The form...The pressure distributions generated by vaporizing metal foils were studied.An analytical model which described the dynamic mechanical behavior of a rectangular plate under an impulsive loading was introduced.The formed parts of free bulging tests were analyzed using the optical measurement system.Two measurement methods for pressure distributions were introduced and compared.Both the perforated sheet forming test and the pressure film were found to be effective method to measure pressure distributions.The cost of perforated sheet forming test was cheap and the pressure film was easy to operate.Three different pressure distributions were measured and discussed,namely single pressure distribution,tailored pressure distribution and double-direction pressure distribution.These three pressure distributions could be applied in different metal forming processes.展开更多
目的比较网络教学与传统教学在超声专业血管超声理论培训中的效果。方法纳入2020年度北京协和医院超声规培基地的第一年规培医师共21名,将其随机分为传统教学组11名,网络教学组10名。传统教学组进行现场理论授课,网络教学组进行在线直...目的比较网络教学与传统教学在超声专业血管超声理论培训中的效果。方法纳入2020年度北京协和医院超声规培基地的第一年规培医师共21名,将其随机分为传统教学组11名,网络教学组10名。传统教学组进行现场理论授课,网络教学组进行在线直播教学。培训开始前和结束后,纳入对象均进行血管超声知识测试,并进行课程满意度调查。比较2组的测试评分及课程满意度调查结果。结果培训前,传统教学组血管超声知识测试分数的平均分为(73.50±18.11)分,网络教学组的平均分为(73.18±13.09)分,2组比较差异无统计学意义(P=0.803)。培训后,传统教学组与网络教学组的平均分比较(87.50±10.87 vs 85.00±10.25),差异无统计学意义(P=0.532)。2组培训后的血管超声知识测试分数均较培训前有显著提高,差异均有统计学意义(P均<0.05)。2组规培医师对课程内容和授课方式的满意度差异无统计学意义(P均>0.05)。结论网络教学在血管超声理论培训方面能够实现教学目标,提升规培医师血管超声的诊断能力,具有与传统教学方式相当的教学效果,并具有便捷性和在线互动的优势。展开更多
基金funded by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2016YFD0100203 and 2016YFD0102000)the Key Scientific and Technological Projects of the Eighth Division of the Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps(XPCC),China(2024NY01,2023 NY09,2023 NY10)+2 种基金the Key Scientific and Technological Project of XPCC,China(2021AB010)the Postgraduate Research&Practice Innovation Program of Jiangsu Province,China(KYCX22_0748)supported by the High-performance Computing Platform of the Bioinformatics Center,Nanjing Agricultural University,China。
文摘Gossypium raimondii(2n=2x=26,D_(5)),an untapped wild species,is the putative progenitor of the D-subgenome of G.hirsutum(2n=4x=52,AD_(1)),an extensively cultivated species.Here,we developed a G.hirsutum(recipient)–G.raimondii(donor)introgression population to exploit the favorable QTLs/genes and mapped potential quantitative trait loci(QTLs)from wild cotton species.The introgression population consisted of 256 lines with an introgression rate of 52.33%for the G.raimondii genome.The introgression segment length range was 0.03–19.12 Mb,with an average of 1.22 Mb.The coverage of total introgression fragments from G.raimondii was 386.98 Mb.Further genome-wide association analysis(Q+K+MLM)and QTL mapping(RSTEP-LRT)identified 59 common QTLs,including 14 stable QTLs and six common QTL(co-QTL)clusters,and one hotspot of micronaire(MIC).The common QTLs for seed index all showed positive additive effects,while the common QTLs for boll weight all had negative additive effects,indicating that the linkage between seed index and boll weight could be broken.QTLs for lint percentage showed positive effects and could be beneficial for improving cotton yield.Most QTLs for fiber quality had negative additive effects,implying these QTLs were domesticated/improved in G.hirsutum.A few fiber quality QTLs showed positive additive effects,so they could be used to improve cotton fiber quality.The introgression lines developed could be useful for molecular marker-assisted breeding and mapping QTLs precisely for mining desirable genes from the wild species G.raimondii.Such genes can improve cultivated cotton in the future through a designbreeding approach.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant 82373828)the National Key Technologies R&D Program of China(2023YFD1400902).
文摘Hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)shows the highest morbidity among liver cancers which is characterized by genetic mutations in hepatocytes,leading to uncontrolled cell growth and proliferation.Current treatment include surgery,chemotherapy and immunotherapy;however,chemotherapeutics,which focus on single-targeted drug therapy,are still associated with certain limitations and may affect the treatment outcomes.Natural products also show the anticancer effect of HCC and hypotoxicity,but overall low activity of natural products limits their further application.miRNAs canmodulate post-transcriptional functions of target genes.An increasing body of evidence has demonstrated that miRNAs are the key regulators in HCC by targeting different molecules in different signaling pathways.However,miRNAs are fragile and liable to catabolism by RNases in serum and other body fluids,and small molecules separated from natural products may have limited bioavailability.A chitosan based,targeted,sustained-release nanoparticle deliverymiR-128–3p agomir(NA-miR-128–3p)was developed in this work.This nanoparticle was prepared by pentasodium tripolyphosphate(TPP),chitosan hydrochloride and miR-128–3p agomir with target aptamer which was loaded into the chitosan nanoparticle by self-assembly.It can intervene in HCC progress by affecting AKT1 expression.Based on this,a novel,efficient,long-acting,multi-mechanism and low-dosage combination drug delivery strategy was proposed in thiswork and showed a prominent anti-tumor effect.NA-miR-128–3p combined with natural product Oroxin B significantly affected HCC progression by the interference with VEGF and PI3K-AKT pathways,better than using NA-miR-128–3p and Oroxin B alone.Taken together,this nanoparticle and combinative administration compensate for the shortcomings of the fragile RNA drugs and the low activity of natural products,with high prospects in HCC treatment.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.62005276,62175234)the Scientific and Technological Development Program of Jilin,China(Grant No.20230508111RC)to provide fund for this research。
文摘Laser anti-drone technology is entering the sequence of actual combat,and it is necessary to consider the vulnerability of typical functional parts of UAVs.Since the concept of"vulnerability"was proposed,a variety of analysis programs for battlefield targets to traditional weapons have been developed,but a comprehensive assessment methodology for targets'vulnerability to laser is still missing.Based on the shotline method,this paper proposes a method that equates laser beam to shotline array,an efficient vulnerability analysis program of target to laser is established by this method,and the program includes the circuit board and the wire into the vulnerability analysis category,which improves the precision of the vulnerability analysis.Taking the UAV engine part as the target of vulnerability analysis,combine with the"life-death unit method"to calculate the laser penetration rate of various materials of the UAV,and the influence of laser weapon system parameters and striking orientation on the killing probability is quantified after introducing the penetration rate into the vulnerability analysis program.The quantitative analysis method proposed in this paper has certain general expansibility,which can provide a fresh idea for the vulnerability analysis of other targets to laser.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.21773247,22275185,21521061,21875252)the Natural Science Foundation of Fujian Province(No.2006L2005).
文摘Partial substitution of polyoxometalate(POM)is an efficient route to modulate the catalytic property of maternal POM.In this work,a new Keggin type POM involving{Ni 6}cluster,{[Ni(H_(2)O)_(2)(Dach)_(2)][Ni(Dach)_(2)]_(2)}{[Ni_(6)Cl(μ-OH)_(3)(H_(2)O)(Dach)_(3)(WO_(4))(PW9 O_(3)_(4))][Ni_(6)(μ-OH)_(3)(H_(2)O)_(2)(Dach)_(3)(WO_(4))(PW9 O_(3)_(4))]}Cl·27H_(2)O,(1,Dach=1,2-diaminocyclohexane)was synthesized.Compounds 1 shows excellent catalytic performance in the selective oxidation of aniline to azoxybenzene(AOB)in water.The apparently different results from that with the matrix{PW_(9)O_(34)}({PW9})suggest the successful regulation of the catalytic property of{PW9}by the introduction of the{Ni6}cluster into the skeleton.The experimental results indicate that the highlighted performance of 1 is contributed by the synergy of W and Ni sites,which are respectively responsible for the oxidation and condensation steps in the production of AOB.The good selectivity to AOB is essentially attributed to the effective modulation of the reaction rates of oxidation and condensation steps by W and Ni sites,respectively.
基金financial support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant 81973281)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(2019FZA7017)Leading Talent of“Ten Thousand Plan”-National High-Level Talents SpecialSupport Plan。
文摘The recent pneumonia outbreak caused by a novel coronavirus(SARS-CoV-2)is posing a great threat to global public health.Therefore,rapid and accurate identification of pathogenic viruses plays a vital role in selecting appropriate treatments,saving people's lives and preventing epidemics.It is important to establish a quick standard diagnostic test for the detection of the infectious disease(COVID-19)to prevent subsequent secondary spread.Polymerase chain reaction(PCR)is regarded as a gold standard test for the molecular diagnosis of viral and bacterial infections with high sensitivity and specificity.Isothermal nucleic acid amplification is considered to be a highly promising candidate method due to its fundamental advantage in quick procedure time at constant temperature without thermocycler opera-tion.A variety of improved or new approaches also have been developed.This review summarizes the currently available detection methods for coronavirus nucleic acid.It is anticipated that this will assist researchers and clinicians in developing better techniques for timely and effective detection of coro-navirus infection.
基金financial support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant 81573389)the National Key R&D Program of China(2017YFC0908600)
文摘MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a family of endogenous, small (approximately 22 nucleotides in length), noncoding, functional RNAs. With the development of molecular biology, the research of miRNA biological function has attracted significant interest, as abnormal miRNA expression is identified to contribute to serious human diseases such as cancers. Traditional methods for miRNA detection do not meet current demands. In particular, nanomaterial-based methods, nucleic acid amplification-based methods such as rolling circle amplification (RCA), loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP), strand-displacement amplification (SDA) and some enzyme-free amplifications have been employed widely for the highly sensitive detection of miRNA. MiRNA functional research and clinical diagnostics have been accelerated by these new techniques. Herein, we summarize and discuss the recent progress in the development of miRNA detection methods and new applications. This review will provide guidelines for the development of follow-up miRNA detection methods with high sensitivity and specificity, and applicability to disease diagnosis and therapy.
基金This work was financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.52064049,21467030 and 51764048)the Key National Natural Science Foundation of Yunnan Province(Nos.2018FA028 and 2019FY003023)+1 种基金the International Joint Research Center for Advanced Energy Materials of Yunnan Province(No.202003AE140001)the Key Laboratory of Solid-State Ions for Green Energy of Yunnan University(2019).
文摘The conversion of CO_(2)into CO,CH_(4)and other hydrocarbons through solar energy can alleviate the energy shortage problem.We design a novel photocatalyst with S defects CuIn_(5)S_(8)@MoSe_(2)hollow structure.The interlayerexpanded MoSe_(2)can increase the adsorption of intermediates.The unique hollow structure can improve the light utilization efficiency and the electron–holes separation.CuIn_(5)S_(8)with S vacancies in bimetallic sites has high selectivity and photocatalytic reduction of CO_(2)activity.Therefore,S vacant CuIn_(5)S_(8)confined in a few-layers MoSe_(2)with interlayer-expanded hollow heterostructures exhibit super performance for photocatalytic CO_(2)reduction.After 8-h light reaction,the outputs of CO and CH_(4)for the 15.3 wt%CuIn_(5)S_(8)@MoSe_(2)sample containing S vacancies(Vs)are 30.4 and 14.7 lmol·g^(-1),respectively.The mechanism is also investigated in detail through in situ Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy technology.
基金The authors would like to acknowledge financial support provided by the Key National Natural Science Foundation of Yunnan Province(No.2018FA028,NO.2019FD039 and No.2019FY003023)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.51474191,No.52064049 and No.21467030)+4 种基金the National Natural Science Foundation of Yunnan Provincial Department of Education(No.2020 J0016)the International Joint Research Center for Advanced Energy Materials of Yunnan Province(202003AE140001)the Key Laboratory of Solid State Ions for Green Energy of Yunnan University(2019)the Postdoctoral Foundation of Department of Human Resources and Social Security of Yunnan Province(No.W8163007)the Program for Outstand Young Talents(2018)of Yunnan University.
文摘Along with the continuous consumption in lithium-ion batteries (LIBs), the price of cobalt is inevitably going up in recent years. Therefore, recycling valuable Co element from spent devices, and boosting its service efficiency are becoming two indispensable approaches to promote the utilization of Co in various energy conversion/storage devices. Herein, we realize the recovery of Co from spent LIBs and synthesize a three–dimensional (3D) sea-urchin-like cobalt nitride composite material (labeled as CoN-Gr-2), which is used as a bi-functional catalyst for water splitting. Benefiting from the intrinsic high conductivity, larger surface area and unique 3D sea–urchin–like architecture, CoN-Gr-2 shows an excellent electron transfer efficiency, highly exposed active sites as well as the superior mass transport capacity. The CoN-Gr-2 catalyst exhibits low overpotentials of 128.9 mV and 280 mV for hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) and oxygen evolution reaction (OER), which are comparable to the commercial 20 wt% Pt/C and RuO_(2) catalysts. Moreover, when adopting CoN-Gr-2 as both anode and cathode materials for overall water splitting (in 1.0 M KOH electrolyte), the assembled cell achieves a current density of 10 mA cm^(−2) at 1.61 V, which almost close to that of Pt/C||RuO_(2) benchmark (1.60 V), demonstrating its superior water-splitting efficiency. Meanwhile, the CoN catalysts exhibit strong chemical interaction with the Gr support, suppressing the aggregation of CoN catalysts and maintains their high activity during HER and OER reactions. So, the cell exhibits a high current retention of 97.3% after 40 h. This work successfully develops an industrial chain from recycling Co wastes in spent energy devices to controllably designing 3D sea-urchin-like CoN-Gr with high water splitting efficiency. Therefore, it could further promote the efficient utilization of valuable Co element in various energy devices.
文摘Objective To evaluate color Doppler ultrasonography (CDU) appearances of renal vein thrombosis (RVT) and its diagnostic value.Methods Ten patients with RVT were analyzed retrospectively. Renal structure, distributions of intrarenal flow signals, echogenicity, and flow fullness in main renal veins were observed with CDU. Resistance index (RI) was recorded from the waveforms of segmental or interlobar renal artery.Results Ten kidneys in nine patients were confirmed to have thrombus within the main renal veins, and one patient was confirmed to have thrombus within the small intrarenal veins. The appearances of the main renal vein thrombosis included full of solid echogenicity or strip echogenicity and complete or partial filling defect within the main renal veins, and absent or a few intrarenal venous flow signals in 70% of kidneys involved. The appearances of intrarenal vein thrombosis included obscure renal structure and no venous flow signal within the involved part of the kidneys. Reverse diastolic flow in the intrarenal artery had only a sensitivity of 36% (4/11); in other 7 kidneys without intrarenal arterial reverse diastolic flow, increased RI (mean, 0.84; range, 0.74-0.96) was found.Conclusion CDU is helpful for rapid clinical diagnosis and follow-up of RVT, and therefore can be the first imaging modality of choice for RVT.
基金The German Academic Exchange Service(DAAD)provides financial support for this paper
文摘The pressure distributions generated by vaporizing metal foils were studied.An analytical model which described the dynamic mechanical behavior of a rectangular plate under an impulsive loading was introduced.The formed parts of free bulging tests were analyzed using the optical measurement system.Two measurement methods for pressure distributions were introduced and compared.Both the perforated sheet forming test and the pressure film were found to be effective method to measure pressure distributions.The cost of perforated sheet forming test was cheap and the pressure film was easy to operate.Three different pressure distributions were measured and discussed,namely single pressure distribution,tailored pressure distribution and double-direction pressure distribution.These three pressure distributions could be applied in different metal forming processes.
文摘目的比较网络教学与传统教学在超声专业血管超声理论培训中的效果。方法纳入2020年度北京协和医院超声规培基地的第一年规培医师共21名,将其随机分为传统教学组11名,网络教学组10名。传统教学组进行现场理论授课,网络教学组进行在线直播教学。培训开始前和结束后,纳入对象均进行血管超声知识测试,并进行课程满意度调查。比较2组的测试评分及课程满意度调查结果。结果培训前,传统教学组血管超声知识测试分数的平均分为(73.50±18.11)分,网络教学组的平均分为(73.18±13.09)分,2组比较差异无统计学意义(P=0.803)。培训后,传统教学组与网络教学组的平均分比较(87.50±10.87 vs 85.00±10.25),差异无统计学意义(P=0.532)。2组培训后的血管超声知识测试分数均较培训前有显著提高,差异均有统计学意义(P均<0.05)。2组规培医师对课程内容和授课方式的满意度差异无统计学意义(P均>0.05)。结论网络教学在血管超声理论培训方面能够实现教学目标,提升规培医师血管超声的诊断能力,具有与传统教学方式相当的教学效果,并具有便捷性和在线互动的优势。
