Coral reef limestone(CRL)constitutes a distinctive marine carbonate formation with complex mechanical properties.This study investigates the multiscale damage and fracture mechanisms of CRL through integrated experime...Coral reef limestone(CRL)constitutes a distinctive marine carbonate formation with complex mechanical properties.This study investigates the multiscale damage and fracture mechanisms of CRL through integrated experimental testing,digital core technology,and theoretical modelling.Two CRL types with contrasting mesostructures were characterized across three scales.Macroscopically,CRL-I and CRL-II exhibited mean compressive strengths of 8.46 and 5.17 MPa,respectively.Mesoscopically,CRL-I featured small-scale highly interconnected pores,whilst CRL-II developed larger stratified pores with diminished connectivity.Microscopically,both CRL matrices demonstrated remarkable similarity in mineral composition and mechanical properties.A novel voxel average-based digital core scaling methodology was developed to facilitate numerical simulation of cross-scale damage processes,revealing network-progressive failure in CRL-I versus directional-brittle failure in CRL-II.Furthermore,a damage statistical constitutive model based on digital core technology and mesoscopic homogenisation theory established quantitative relationships between microelement strength distribution and macroscopic mechanical behavior.These findings illuminate the fundamental mechanisms through which mesoscopic structure governs the macroscopic mechanical properties of CRL.展开更多
A growing interest in the comprehensive pathogenic mechanisms of psychiatric disorders from the perspective of the microbiome has been witnessed in recent decades;the intrinsic link between microbiota and brain functi...A growing interest in the comprehensive pathogenic mechanisms of psychiatric disorders from the perspective of the microbiome has been witnessed in recent decades;the intrinsic link between microbiota and brain function through the microbiota-gut-brain axis or other pathways has gradually been realized.However,little research has focused on viruses–entities characterized by smaller dimensions,simpler structures,greater diversity,and more intricate interactions with their surrounding milieu compared to bacteria.To date,alterations in several populations of bacteriophages and viruses have been documented in both mouse models and patients with psychiatric disorders,including schizophrenia,major depressive disorder,autism spectrum disorder,and Alzheimer’s disease,accompanied by metabolic disruptions that may directly or indirectly impact brain function.In addition,eukaryotic virus infection-mediated brain dysfunction provides insights into the psychiatric pathology involving viruses.Efforts towards virus-based diagnostic and therapeutic approaches have primarily been documented.However,limitations due to the lack of large-scale cohort studies,reliability,clinical applicability,and the unclear role of viruses in microbiota interactions pose a challenge for future studies.Nevertheless,it is conceivable that investigations into viruses herald a new era in the field of precise psychiatry.展开更多
Objective:Whether vortioxetine has a utility as an adjuvant drug in the treatment of bipolar depression remains controversial.This study aimed to validate the efficacy and safety of vortioxetine in bipolar depression....Objective:Whether vortioxetine has a utility as an adjuvant drug in the treatment of bipolar depression remains controversial.This study aimed to validate the efficacy and safety of vortioxetine in bipolar depression.Methods:Patients with bipolarⅡdepression were enrolled in this prospective,two-center,randomized,12-week pilot trial.The main indicator for assessing treatment effectiveness was a Montgomery-Asberg Depression Rating Scale(MADRS)of≥50%.All eligible patients initially received four weeks of lurasidone monotherapy.Patients who responded well continued to receive this kind of monotherapy.However,no-response patients were randomly assigned to either valproate or vortioxetine treatment for eight weeks.By comprehensively comparing the results of MADRS over a period of 4-12 weeks,a systematic analysis was conducted to determine whether vortioxetine could be used as an adjuvant drug for treating bipolar depression.Results:Thirty-seven patients responded to lurasidone monotherapy,and 60 patients were randomly assigned to the valproate or vortioxetine group for eight weeks.After two weeks of combined valproate or vortioxetine treatment,the MADRS score in the vortioxetine group was significantly lower than that in the valproate group.There was no difference in the MADRS scores between the two groups at 8 and 12 weeks.The incidence of side effects did not significantly differ between the valproate and vortioxetine groups.Importantly,three patients in the vortioxetine group appeared to switch to mania or hypomania.Conclusions:This study suggested that lurasidone combination with vortioxetine might have potential benefits to bipolar II depression in the early stage,while disease progression should be monitored closely for the risk of switching to mania.展开更多
Reward or stress,which exists extensively,causes resilient emotional fluctuations under common situations.However,reward or stress is a typical trigger for manic or depressive episodes of bipolar disorder(BD),which is...Reward or stress,which exists extensively,causes resilient emotional fluctuations under common situations.However,reward or stress is a typical trigger for manic or depressive episodes of bipolar disorder(BD),which is corroborated by psychological theory,biological findings,and psychosocial treatment approaches[1,2].During an episode of BD,the affective aberration can be persistent and switchable,accompanied by opposite constellations of cognitive and psychomotor symptoms.Characterized by uncontrollable mood ranging in severity,duration,and polarity,to disentangle the pathophysiology mechanism of BD is to delineate the mystery of affective fluctuations driven by reward or stress.展开更多
Non-suicidal self-injury (NS SI) refers to any intentional,self-inflicted behavior that causes direct damage to body tissues (Kerr et al.,2010),and has emerged as a challenging public health issue worldwide,especially...Non-suicidal self-injury (NS SI) refers to any intentional,self-inflicted behavior that causes direct damage to body tissues (Kerr et al.,2010),and has emerged as a challenging public health issue worldwide,especially among adolescents.The most common presentations of NSSI include skin-cutting,severe scratching,and burning (Whitlock et al,2006).展开更多
Early distinction of bipolar disorder(BD)from major depressive disorder(MDD)is difficult since no tools are available to estimate the risk of BD.In this study,we aimed to develop and validate a model of oxidative stre...Early distinction of bipolar disorder(BD)from major depressive disorder(MDD)is difficult since no tools are available to estimate the risk of BD.In this study,we aimed to develop and validate a model of oxidative stress injury for predicting BD.Data were collected from 1252 BD and 1359 MDD patients,including 64 MDD patients identified as converting to BD from 2009 through 2018.30 variables from a randomly-selected subsample of 1827(70%)patients were used to develop the model,including age,sex,oxidative stress markers(uric acid,bilirubin,albumin,and prealbumin),sex hormones,cytokines,thyroid and liver function,and glycolipid metabolism.Univariate analyses and the Least Absolute Shrinkage and Selection Operator were applied for data dimension reduction and variable selection.Multivariable logistic regression was used to construct a model for predicting bipolar disorder by oxidative stress biomarkers(BIOS)on a nomogram.Internal validation was assessed in the remaining 784 patients(30%),and independent external validation was done with data from 3797 matched patients from five other hospitals in China.10 predictors,mainly oxidative stress markers,were shown on the nomogram.The BIOS model showed good discrimination in the training sample,with an AUC of 75.1%(95%CI:72.9%–77.3%),sensitivity of 0.66,and specificity of 0.73.The discrimination was good both in internal validation(AUC 72.1%,68.6%–75.6%)and external validation(AUC 65.7%,63.9%–67.5%).In this study,we developed a nomogram centered on oxidative stress injury,which could help in the individualized prediction of BD.For better real-world practice,a set of measurements,especially on oxidative stress markers,should be emphasized using big data in psychiatry.展开更多
Using LBR-370 numerical control lathe,high speed cutting was applied to AZ31 magnesium alloy.The influence of cutting parameters on microstructure,surface roughness and machining hardening were investigated by using t...Using LBR-370 numerical control lathe,high speed cutting was applied to AZ31 magnesium alloy.The influence of cutting parameters on microstructure,surface roughness and machining hardening were investigated by using the methods of single factor and orthogonal experiment.The results show that the cutting parameters have an important effect on microstructure,surface roughness and machine hardening.The depth of stress layer,roughness and hardening present a declining tendency with the increase of the cutting speed and also increase with the augment of the cutting depth and feed rate.Moreover,we established a prediction model of the roughness,which has an important guidance on actual machining process of magnesium alloy.展开更多
As the emergence of various highbandwidth services and the requirements to support 5G/Wi-Fi 6 wireless networks,the next generation fixed networks,i.e.F5G,are expected to be realized in the 5G era.F5G is endowed with ...As the emergence of various highbandwidth services and the requirements to support 5G/Wi-Fi 6 wireless networks,the next generation fixed networks,i.e.F5G,are expected to be realized in the 5G era.F5G is endowed with new characteristics,including ultra-high bandwidth,all-optical connections and optimal service experience.With the prospect of optical-to-everywhere,optical technologies are used for mobile front-haul,mid-haul,and back-haul.Optical access networks would play an important role in F5G to support radio access network and fixed access network.Low-latency PON is a key for cost effective-haul traffic aggregation.In terms of signal transmission,intensity modulation directdetection(IM-DD)is a promising scheme due to its simple architecture.The fundamental challenge associated with direct-detection is the disappearance of the transmitted signal’s phase.In access network,the flexibility and low latency are the two key factors affecting service experience.In this article,we review the evolution of PONs and the challenges of current PONs in detail.We analyze key enabling digital signal processing(DSP)techniques,including detection linearization for direct-detection and simplified coherent detection,adaptive equalizers,digital filer enabled flexible access network and low-latency inter-ONU communications.Finally,we discuss the developing trends of future optical access networks.展开更多
With the advancements in gene sequencing technologies,including genome-wide association studies,polygenetic risk scores,and high-throughput sequencing,there has been a tremendous advantage in mapping a detailed bluepr...With the advancements in gene sequencing technologies,including genome-wide association studies,polygenetic risk scores,and high-throughput sequencing,there has been a tremendous advantage in mapping a detailed blueprint for the genetic model of bipolar disorder(BD).To date,intriguing genetic clues have been identified to explain the development of BD,as well as the genetic association that might be applied for the development of susceptibility prediction and pharmacogenetic intervention.Risk genes of BD,such as CACNA1C,ANK3,TRANK1,and CLOCK,have been found to be involved in various pathophysiological processes correlated with BD.Although the specific roles of these genes have yet to be determined,genetic research on BD will help improve the prevention,therapeutics,and prognosis in clinical practice.The latest preclinical and clinical studies,and reviews of the genetics of BD,are analyzed in this review,aiming to summarize the progress in this intriguing field and to provide perspectives for individualized,precise,and effective clinical practice.展开更多
We propose a multi-tap look-up-table(LUT)-based error-tracking decision feedback equalizer with partial unrolling(ET-DFEPU)algorithm to improve log-likelihood ratio(LLR)quality with error propagation.We introduce an e...We propose a multi-tap look-up-table(LUT)-based error-tracking decision feedback equalizer with partial unrolling(ET-DFEPU)algorithm to improve log-likelihood ratio(LLR)quality with error propagation.We introduce an error-tracking model to obtain the probabilities of different error states,which are input into the decoder to obtain more accurate LLRs.We also use LUTs to reduce the computation complexity of ET-DFE-PU.Moreover,we adopt a low-complexity partially unrolled architecture to relax the feedback timing constraint.We conduct experiments to transmit 170-Gb/s 4-ary pulse amplitude modulation signal in intensity modulation and direct-detection system at C-band.The results show that the proposed method can achieve 3-d B receiver sensitivity improvement at the same post-forward error correction bit error ratio compared with the conventional DFE.展开更多
Epidemiological evidence indicates that major depressive disorder(MDD)may predispose the development and prognosis of breast cancer(BC)in females[1].However,the mechanisms linking these phenotypes are not fully unders...Epidemiological evidence indicates that major depressive disorder(MDD)may predispose the development and prognosis of breast cancer(BC)in females[1].However,the mechanisms linking these phenotypes are not fully understood.Chronic stress,a hallmark of depression,has been underscored to affect anti-tumor immunity,tumor metabolic reprogramming,hormone synthesis in BC[2,3],and increase tumor metastasis[4],but there is a lack of detailed cellular-level characterization of how MDD history affects the tumorigenesis of BC.This study explored the single-cell atlas of multiple tissues from BC patients with and without a history of MDD for characterizing the potential molecular alternations in their tumorigenesis(Figure 1A).展开更多
We propose the modified Kalman filter(MKF) using the received signal for observation and constructing an inverse process of the conventional Kalman filter(CKF) for polarization de-multiplexing in coherent optical(CO) ...We propose the modified Kalman filter(MKF) using the received signal for observation and constructing an inverse process of the conventional Kalman filter(CKF) for polarization de-multiplexing in coherent optical(CO) orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing(OFDM) transmissions. The MKF can avoid the convergence error problem in CKF without matrix inverse operation and has a faster converging speed and a much larger tolerance to the process and measurement noise covariance, about two orders of magnitude more than those of CKF. We experimentally demonstrate the 12 Gbaud OFDM signal transmission over 480 km standard singlemode fiber. The performance of MKF and CKF outperforms pilot-aided polarization de-multiplexing with better accuracy and nonlinearity tolerance.展开更多
We propose a trellis-compressed maximum likelihood sequence estimation(TC-MLSE)-assisted sliding-block decision feedback equalizer(DFE)to suppress the error propagation resulting from the DFE in high-speed systems.We ...We propose a trellis-compressed maximum likelihood sequence estimation(TC-MLSE)-assisted sliding-block decision feedback equalizer(DFE)to suppress the error propagation resulting from the DFE in high-speed systems.We use an out-ofrange detector to detect the end of burst errors from the DFE and activate the optional TC-MLSE to correct burst errors.We conduct experiments to transmit a 201-Gbit/s PAM-8 signal.The results show that the proposed method achieves a bit error rate of 3.65×10^(-3),which is close to that of MLSE.The optional MLSE is only activated when needed and processes 11.4%of the total symbols.Moreover,the proposed method compresses the maximum length of burst errors from 19 to 5.展开更多
Kalman filtering(KF) has good potential in fast rotation of state of polarization(RSOP) tracking. Different measurement equations cause the diverse RSOP tracking performances. We compare the conventional KF(CKF) and t...Kalman filtering(KF) has good potential in fast rotation of state of polarization(RSOP) tracking. Different measurement equations cause the diverse RSOP tracking performances. We compare the conventional KF(CKF) and the modified KF(MKF), which have different measurement equations. Semi-theoretical analysis indicates the lower conditional variances of measurement residuals and process noise of MKF. Compared with CKF, the MKF has > 3 d B optical signal-to-noise ratio(OSNR) improvement at the 10 MHz scrambling rate in simulation. For MKF, more significant tracking speed improvement exists for lower OSNR. MKF can be smoothly combined with an adaptive algorithm, which outperforms adaptive CKF throughout the simulations.展开更多
The current epidemic situation of coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)still remains severe.As the National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases,The First Affiliated Hospital of the Zhejiang University School...The current epidemic situation of coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)still remains severe.As the National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases,The First Affiliated Hospital of the Zhejiang University School of Medicine is the primary medical care center for COVID-19 in Zhejiang Province.Based on the present expert consensus carried out by the National Health Commission and National Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine,our team summarized and established an effective treatment strategy centered on“Four-Anti and Two-Balance”for clinical practice.The“Four-Anti and Two-Balance”strategy includes antivirus,anti-shock,antihypoxemia,and anti-secondary infection,and maintaining of water,electrolyte and acid/base balance and microecological balance.Simultaneously,an integrated multidisciplinary personalized treatment is recommended to improve therapeutic effects.The importance of early viral detection,dynamic monitoring of inflammatory indexes,and chest radiographs has been emphasized in clinical decision-making.Sputum was observed with the highest positive rate by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction(RTPRC).Viral nucleic acids could be detected in 10%of the patients’blood samples at the acute phase and 50%of patients had positive RT-PCR results in their feces.We also isolated live viral strains from feces,indicating potential infectiousness of feces.Dynamic cytokine detection was necessary to timely identify cytokine storms and for the application of the artificial liver blood purification system.The“Four-Anti and Two-Balance”strategy effectively increased cure rates and reduced mortality.Early antiviral treatment alleviated disease severity and prevented illness progression.We found that lopinavir/ritonavir combined with abidol showed antiviral effects against COVID-19.Shock and hypoxemia were usually caused by cytokine storms.The artificial liver blood purification system was able to rapidly remove inflammatory mediators and block the cytokine storm.Moreover,it also contributed to the balance of fluids,electrolytes,and acids/bases and thus improved treatment efficacy during critical illness.For cases of severe illness,early and also short periods of moderate glucocorticoid administration was supported.Patients with an oxygenation index below 200mmHg were transferred to the intensive care unit.Conservative oxygen therapy was preferred and noninvasive ventilation(NIV)was not recommended.Patients with mechanical ventilation were strictly supervised with cluster ventilator-associated pneumonia prevention strategies.Antimicrobial prophylaxis was prescribed rationally and was not recommended,except for patients with a long course of disease,repeated fever,and elevated procalcitonin,similarly secondary fungal infections were of concern.Some patients with COVID-19 showed intestinal microbial dysbiosis with decreased genus such as Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium.Nutritional and gastrointestinal function should;therefore,be assessed for all patients.Nutritional support and application of prebiotics or probiotics were suggested to regulate the balance of intestinal microbiota and reduce the risk of secondary infections due to bacterial translocation.Anxiety and fear were common in patients with COVID-19.Therefore,we established a dynamic assessment and warning for psychological crises.We also integrated Chinese medicine in the treatment to promote rehabilitation.We optimized nursing processes for severe patients to promote their rehabilitation.Since viral clearance patterns after severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 infections remained unclear,2 weeks quarantine for discharged patients was required,and a regular following-up was also needed.These Zhejiang experiences and suggestions have been implemented in our center and achieved good results.However,since COVID-19 was a newly emerging disease,more work is warranted to further improve strategies of prevention,diagnosis,and treatment for COVID-19.展开更多
基金National Key Research and Development Program of China (No.2021YFC3100800)the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos.42407235 and 42271026)+1 种基金the Project of Sanya Yazhou Bay Science and Technology City (No.SCKJ-JYRC-2023-54)supported by the Hefei advanced computing center
文摘Coral reef limestone(CRL)constitutes a distinctive marine carbonate formation with complex mechanical properties.This study investigates the multiscale damage and fracture mechanisms of CRL through integrated experimental testing,digital core technology,and theoretical modelling.Two CRL types with contrasting mesostructures were characterized across three scales.Macroscopically,CRL-I and CRL-II exhibited mean compressive strengths of 8.46 and 5.17 MPa,respectively.Mesoscopically,CRL-I featured small-scale highly interconnected pores,whilst CRL-II developed larger stratified pores with diminished connectivity.Microscopically,both CRL matrices demonstrated remarkable similarity in mineral composition and mechanical properties.A novel voxel average-based digital core scaling methodology was developed to facilitate numerical simulation of cross-scale damage processes,revealing network-progressive failure in CRL-I versus directional-brittle failure in CRL-II.Furthermore,a damage statistical constitutive model based on digital core technology and mesoscopic homogenisation theory established quantitative relationships between microelement strength distribution and macroscopic mechanical behavior.These findings illuminate the fundamental mechanisms through which mesoscopic structure governs the macroscopic mechanical properties of CRL.
基金supported by The Research Project of Jinan Microecological Biomedicine Shandong Laboratory(JNL-2023001B)The National Key Research and Development Program of China(2023YFC2506200)+2 种基金The Zhejiang Provincial Key Research and Development Program(2021C03107)The Leading Talent of Scientific and Technological Innovation-“Ten Thousand Talents Program”of Zhejiang Province(2021R52016)The Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(226-2022-00193,226-2022-00002,2023ZFJH01-01,and 2024ZFJH01-01).
文摘A growing interest in the comprehensive pathogenic mechanisms of psychiatric disorders from the perspective of the microbiome has been witnessed in recent decades;the intrinsic link between microbiota and brain function through the microbiota-gut-brain axis or other pathways has gradually been realized.However,little research has focused on viruses–entities characterized by smaller dimensions,simpler structures,greater diversity,and more intricate interactions with their surrounding milieu compared to bacteria.To date,alterations in several populations of bacteriophages and viruses have been documented in both mouse models and patients with psychiatric disorders,including schizophrenia,major depressive disorder,autism spectrum disorder,and Alzheimer’s disease,accompanied by metabolic disruptions that may directly or indirectly impact brain function.In addition,eukaryotic virus infection-mediated brain dysfunction provides insights into the psychiatric pathology involving viruses.Efforts towards virus-based diagnostic and therapeutic approaches have primarily been documented.However,limitations due to the lack of large-scale cohort studies,reliability,clinical applicability,and the unclear role of viruses in microbiota interactions pose a challenge for future studies.Nevertheless,it is conceivable that investigations into viruses herald a new era in the field of precise psychiatry.
基金partially supported by the Construction Fund of Key Medical Disciplines of Hangzhou(No.OO2020491)the National Key Research and Development Program of China(No.2023YFC2506200)+4 种基金the Zhejiang Provincial Key Research and Development Program(No.2021C03107)the Research Project of Jinan Microecological Biomedicine Shandong Laboratory(No.JNL-2023001B)the Leading Talent of Scientific and Technological Innovation-“Ten Thousand Talents Program”of Zhejiang Province(No.2021R52016)the Innovation Team for Precision Diagnosis and Treatment of Major Brain Diseases(No.2020R01001)the Chinese Medical Education Association(No.2022KTZ004).
文摘Objective:Whether vortioxetine has a utility as an adjuvant drug in the treatment of bipolar depression remains controversial.This study aimed to validate the efficacy and safety of vortioxetine in bipolar depression.Methods:Patients with bipolarⅡdepression were enrolled in this prospective,two-center,randomized,12-week pilot trial.The main indicator for assessing treatment effectiveness was a Montgomery-Asberg Depression Rating Scale(MADRS)of≥50%.All eligible patients initially received four weeks of lurasidone monotherapy.Patients who responded well continued to receive this kind of monotherapy.However,no-response patients were randomly assigned to either valproate or vortioxetine treatment for eight weeks.By comprehensively comparing the results of MADRS over a period of 4-12 weeks,a systematic analysis was conducted to determine whether vortioxetine could be used as an adjuvant drug for treating bipolar depression.Results:Thirty-seven patients responded to lurasidone monotherapy,and 60 patients were randomly assigned to the valproate or vortioxetine group for eight weeks.After two weeks of combined valproate or vortioxetine treatment,the MADRS score in the vortioxetine group was significantly lower than that in the valproate group.There was no difference in the MADRS scores between the two groups at 8 and 12 weeks.The incidence of side effects did not significantly differ between the valproate and vortioxetine groups.Importantly,three patients in the vortioxetine group appeared to switch to mania or hypomania.Conclusions:This study suggested that lurasidone combination with vortioxetine might have potential benefits to bipolar II depression in the early stage,while disease progression should be monitored closely for the risk of switching to mania.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2023YFC2506200)the Leading Talent of Scientific and Technological Innovation-"Ten Thousand Talents Program"of Zhejiang Province(2021R52016).
文摘Reward or stress,which exists extensively,causes resilient emotional fluctuations under common situations.However,reward or stress is a typical trigger for manic or depressive episodes of bipolar disorder(BD),which is corroborated by psychological theory,biological findings,and psychosocial treatment approaches[1,2].During an episode of BD,the affective aberration can be persistent and switchable,accompanied by opposite constellations of cognitive and psychomotor symptoms.Characterized by uncontrollable mood ranging in severity,duration,and polarity,to disentangle the pathophysiology mechanism of BD is to delineate the mystery of affective fluctuations driven by reward or stress.
基金supported by the National Key Basic Research Program of China(No.2016YFC1307100)the Program of Health and Family Planning Commission in Zhejiang Province(No.2020KY548),China。
文摘Non-suicidal self-injury (NS SI) refers to any intentional,self-inflicted behavior that causes direct damage to body tissues (Kerr et al.,2010),and has emerged as a challenging public health issue worldwide,especially among adolescents.The most common presentations of NSSI include skin-cutting,severe scratching,and burning (Whitlock et al,2006).
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2016YFC1307100)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(81930033,81771465,and 91232719)+3 种基金the Shanghai Mental Health Centre Clinical Research Center Special Project for Big Data Analysis(CRC2018DSJ01-1)Shanghai Municipal Science and Technology Major Project(2018SHZDZX05)Scientific Research Project of Hongkou District Health Commission(2101-03)Shanghai Clinical Research Center for Mental Health(SCRC-MH and 19MC1911100)。
文摘Early distinction of bipolar disorder(BD)from major depressive disorder(MDD)is difficult since no tools are available to estimate the risk of BD.In this study,we aimed to develop and validate a model of oxidative stress injury for predicting BD.Data were collected from 1252 BD and 1359 MDD patients,including 64 MDD patients identified as converting to BD from 2009 through 2018.30 variables from a randomly-selected subsample of 1827(70%)patients were used to develop the model,including age,sex,oxidative stress markers(uric acid,bilirubin,albumin,and prealbumin),sex hormones,cytokines,thyroid and liver function,and glycolipid metabolism.Univariate analyses and the Least Absolute Shrinkage and Selection Operator were applied for data dimension reduction and variable selection.Multivariable logistic regression was used to construct a model for predicting bipolar disorder by oxidative stress biomarkers(BIOS)on a nomogram.Internal validation was assessed in the remaining 784 patients(30%),and independent external validation was done with data from 3797 matched patients from five other hospitals in China.10 predictors,mainly oxidative stress markers,were shown on the nomogram.The BIOS model showed good discrimination in the training sample,with an AUC of 75.1%(95%CI:72.9%–77.3%),sensitivity of 0.66,and specificity of 0.73.The discrimination was good both in internal validation(AUC 72.1%,68.6%–75.6%)and external validation(AUC 65.7%,63.9%–67.5%).In this study,we developed a nomogram centered on oxidative stress injury,which could help in the individualized prediction of BD.For better real-world practice,a set of measurements,especially on oxidative stress markers,should be emphasized using big data in psychiatry.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.51505143)Hunan Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant nos.14JJ3111)+1 种基金L.L.appreciates the financial supports from the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(Grant No.2014M562128)Scientific Research Fund of Hunan Provincial Education Department(Grant no.14C0455).
文摘Using LBR-370 numerical control lathe,high speed cutting was applied to AZ31 magnesium alloy.The influence of cutting parameters on microstructure,surface roughness and machining hardening were investigated by using the methods of single factor and orthogonal experiment.The results show that the cutting parameters have an important effect on microstructure,surface roughness and machine hardening.The depth of stress layer,roughness and hardening present a declining tendency with the increase of the cutting speed and also increase with the augment of the cutting depth and feed rate.Moreover,we established a prediction model of the roughness,which has an important guidance on actual machining process of magnesium alloy.
基金National Science Foundation of China(NSFC)(61871082 and 62111530150)Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(ZYGX2020ZB043 and ZYGX2019J008).
文摘As the emergence of various highbandwidth services and the requirements to support 5G/Wi-Fi 6 wireless networks,the next generation fixed networks,i.e.F5G,are expected to be realized in the 5G era.F5G is endowed with new characteristics,including ultra-high bandwidth,all-optical connections and optimal service experience.With the prospect of optical-to-everywhere,optical technologies are used for mobile front-haul,mid-haul,and back-haul.Optical access networks would play an important role in F5G to support radio access network and fixed access network.Low-latency PON is a key for cost effective-haul traffic aggregation.In terms of signal transmission,intensity modulation directdetection(IM-DD)is a promising scheme due to its simple architecture.The fundamental challenge associated with direct-detection is the disappearance of the transmitted signal’s phase.In access network,the flexibility and low latency are the two key factors affecting service experience.In this article,we review the evolution of PONs and the challenges of current PONs in detail.We analyze key enabling digital signal processing(DSP)techniques,including detection linearization for direct-detection and simplified coherent detection,adaptive equalizers,digital filer enabled flexible access network and low-latency inter-ONU communications.Finally,we discuss the developing trends of future optical access networks.
基金supported by the Zhejiang Provincial Key Research and Development Program(2021C03107)the Leading Talent of Scientific and Technological Innovation“Ten Thousand Talents Program”of Zhejiang Province(2021R52016)+1 种基金the Innovation Team for Precision Diagnosis and Treatment of Major Brain Diseases(2020R01001)the Research Project of Jinan Microecological Biomedicine Shandong Laboratory(JNL-2023001B).
文摘With the advancements in gene sequencing technologies,including genome-wide association studies,polygenetic risk scores,and high-throughput sequencing,there has been a tremendous advantage in mapping a detailed blueprint for the genetic model of bipolar disorder(BD).To date,intriguing genetic clues have been identified to explain the development of BD,as well as the genetic association that might be applied for the development of susceptibility prediction and pharmacogenetic intervention.Risk genes of BD,such as CACNA1C,ANK3,TRANK1,and CLOCK,have been found to be involved in various pathophysiological processes correlated with BD.Although the specific roles of these genes have yet to be determined,genetic research on BD will help improve the prevention,therapeutics,and prognosis in clinical practice.The latest preclinical and clinical studies,and reviews of the genetics of BD,are analyzed in this review,aiming to summarize the progress in this intriguing field and to provide perspectives for individualized,precise,and effective clinical practice.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.62301128 and U22A2086)the STCSM(No.SKLSFO2021-01)+1 种基金the Open Fund of IPOC(BUPT)(No.IPOC2020A011)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(Nos.ZYGX2020ZB043 and ZYGX2019J008)。
文摘We propose a multi-tap look-up-table(LUT)-based error-tracking decision feedback equalizer with partial unrolling(ET-DFEPU)algorithm to improve log-likelihood ratio(LLR)quality with error propagation.We introduce an error-tracking model to obtain the probabilities of different error states,which are input into the decoder to obtain more accurate LLRs.We also use LUTs to reduce the computation complexity of ET-DFE-PU.Moreover,we adopt a low-complexity partially unrolled architecture to relax the feedback timing constraint.We conduct experiments to transmit 170-Gb/s 4-ary pulse amplitude modulation signal in intensity modulation and direct-detection system at C-band.The results show that the proposed method can achieve 3-d B receiver sensitivity improvement at the same post-forward error correction bit error ratio compared with the conventional DFE.
基金supported by funding from the Zhejiang Provincial Key Research and Development Program(No.2021C03107 to S.H.)the Leading Talent of Scientific and Technological Innovation-“Ten Thousand Talents Program”of Zhejiang Province(No.2021R52016 to S.H.)+1 种基金the National Natural Science Foundation(No.82172770 to P.F.)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(226-2022-00193,226-2022-00002).
文摘Epidemiological evidence indicates that major depressive disorder(MDD)may predispose the development and prognosis of breast cancer(BC)in females[1].However,the mechanisms linking these phenotypes are not fully understood.Chronic stress,a hallmark of depression,has been underscored to affect anti-tumor immunity,tumor metabolic reprogramming,hormone synthesis in BC[2,3],and increase tumor metastasis[4],but there is a lack of detailed cellular-level characterization of how MDD history affects the tumorigenesis of BC.This study explored the single-cell atlas of multiple tissues from BC patients with and without a history of MDD for characterizing the potential molecular alternations in their tumorigenesis(Figure 1A).
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(NSFC)(Nos.61420106011,61871408,and 61871082)
文摘We propose the modified Kalman filter(MKF) using the received signal for observation and constructing an inverse process of the conventional Kalman filter(CKF) for polarization de-multiplexing in coherent optical(CO) orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing(OFDM) transmissions. The MKF can avoid the convergence error problem in CKF without matrix inverse operation and has a faster converging speed and a much larger tolerance to the process and measurement noise covariance, about two orders of magnitude more than those of CKF. We experimentally demonstrate the 12 Gbaud OFDM signal transmission over 480 km standard singlemode fiber. The performance of MKF and CKF outperforms pilot-aided polarization de-multiplexing with better accuracy and nonlinearity tolerance.
基金This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(NSFC)(Nos.62301128,61871082,and 62111530150)the Open Fund of IPOC(BUPT)(No.IPOC2020A011)+1 种基金the STCSM(No.SKLSFO2021-01)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(Nos.ZYGX2020ZB043 and ZYGX2019J008).
文摘We propose a trellis-compressed maximum likelihood sequence estimation(TC-MLSE)-assisted sliding-block decision feedback equalizer(DFE)to suppress the error propagation resulting from the DFE in high-speed systems.We use an out-ofrange detector to detect the end of burst errors from the DFE and activate the optional TC-MLSE to correct burst errors.We conduct experiments to transmit a 201-Gbit/s PAM-8 signal.The results show that the proposed method achieves a bit error rate of 3.65×10^(-3),which is close to that of MLSE.The optional MLSE is only activated when needed and processes 11.4%of the total symbols.Moreover,the proposed method compresses the maximum length of burst errors from 19 to 5.
基金This work was supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(No.2018YFB1801704)National Natural Science Foundation of China(NSFC)(Nos.61871082 and 61871408)+2 种基金State Key Laboratory of Advanced Optical Communication Systems and Networks,Shanghai Jiao Tong University(No.2020GZKF014)Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(Nos.ZYGX2020ZB043 and ZYGX2019J008)Open Fund of IPOC(BUPT)(No.IPOC2020A011)。
文摘Kalman filtering(KF) has good potential in fast rotation of state of polarization(RSOP) tracking. Different measurement equations cause the diverse RSOP tracking performances. We compare the conventional KF(CKF) and the modified KF(MKF), which have different measurement equations. Semi-theoretical analysis indicates the lower conditional variances of measurement residuals and process noise of MKF. Compared with CKF, the MKF has > 3 d B optical signal-to-noise ratio(OSNR) improvement at the 10 MHz scrambling rate in simulation. For MKF, more significant tracking speed improvement exists for lower OSNR. MKF can be smoothly combined with an adaptive algorithm, which outperforms adaptive CKF throughout the simulations.
基金This study was supported by the Zhejiang Provincial Key Research and Development Program(2020C03123).
文摘The current epidemic situation of coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)still remains severe.As the National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases,The First Affiliated Hospital of the Zhejiang University School of Medicine is the primary medical care center for COVID-19 in Zhejiang Province.Based on the present expert consensus carried out by the National Health Commission and National Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine,our team summarized and established an effective treatment strategy centered on“Four-Anti and Two-Balance”for clinical practice.The“Four-Anti and Two-Balance”strategy includes antivirus,anti-shock,antihypoxemia,and anti-secondary infection,and maintaining of water,electrolyte and acid/base balance and microecological balance.Simultaneously,an integrated multidisciplinary personalized treatment is recommended to improve therapeutic effects.The importance of early viral detection,dynamic monitoring of inflammatory indexes,and chest radiographs has been emphasized in clinical decision-making.Sputum was observed with the highest positive rate by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction(RTPRC).Viral nucleic acids could be detected in 10%of the patients’blood samples at the acute phase and 50%of patients had positive RT-PCR results in their feces.We also isolated live viral strains from feces,indicating potential infectiousness of feces.Dynamic cytokine detection was necessary to timely identify cytokine storms and for the application of the artificial liver blood purification system.The“Four-Anti and Two-Balance”strategy effectively increased cure rates and reduced mortality.Early antiviral treatment alleviated disease severity and prevented illness progression.We found that lopinavir/ritonavir combined with abidol showed antiviral effects against COVID-19.Shock and hypoxemia were usually caused by cytokine storms.The artificial liver blood purification system was able to rapidly remove inflammatory mediators and block the cytokine storm.Moreover,it also contributed to the balance of fluids,electrolytes,and acids/bases and thus improved treatment efficacy during critical illness.For cases of severe illness,early and also short periods of moderate glucocorticoid administration was supported.Patients with an oxygenation index below 200mmHg were transferred to the intensive care unit.Conservative oxygen therapy was preferred and noninvasive ventilation(NIV)was not recommended.Patients with mechanical ventilation were strictly supervised with cluster ventilator-associated pneumonia prevention strategies.Antimicrobial prophylaxis was prescribed rationally and was not recommended,except for patients with a long course of disease,repeated fever,and elevated procalcitonin,similarly secondary fungal infections were of concern.Some patients with COVID-19 showed intestinal microbial dysbiosis with decreased genus such as Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium.Nutritional and gastrointestinal function should;therefore,be assessed for all patients.Nutritional support and application of prebiotics or probiotics were suggested to regulate the balance of intestinal microbiota and reduce the risk of secondary infections due to bacterial translocation.Anxiety and fear were common in patients with COVID-19.Therefore,we established a dynamic assessment and warning for psychological crises.We also integrated Chinese medicine in the treatment to promote rehabilitation.We optimized nursing processes for severe patients to promote their rehabilitation.Since viral clearance patterns after severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 infections remained unclear,2 weeks quarantine for discharged patients was required,and a regular following-up was also needed.These Zhejiang experiences and suggestions have been implemented in our center and achieved good results.However,since COVID-19 was a newly emerging disease,more work is warranted to further improve strategies of prevention,diagnosis,and treatment for COVID-19.
