Sensors are the source of information technology and the first unit of intelligent systems,providing real-world"data"for artificial intelligence.They play a crucial role in various aspects of the national ec...Sensors are the source of information technology and the first unit of intelligent systems,providing real-world"data"for artificial intelligence.They play a crucial role in various aspects of the national economy and the people's livelihood,such as national defense security and the development of new quality productive forces.This paper provides a comprehensive survey of how sensors should adapt to the current upsurge of artificial intelligence,analyzing their technical connotations,application characteristics,and inherent limitations.Furthermore,with a sensor-oriented mindset,it is proposed that sensors will dominate information technology,upgrade connotations,advance ubiquitous bionic intelligence and engage in a"symbiotic dance"with artificial intelligence.This overview provides a promising direction for the higher-level development of sensors and artificial intelligence.展开更多
Brain-computer interface(BCI)presented by the non-invasive electroencephalography(EEG)cap/band or implantable chips enabling people to fast and reliable control computers or mobile devices with thoughts has redefined ...Brain-computer interface(BCI)presented by the non-invasive electroencephalography(EEG)cap/band or implantable chips enabling people to fast and reliable control computers or mobile devices with thoughts has redefined the boundaries of human capabilities.However,the existing cap/band-adhered sticky gel usually needs to be tightly fixed on the scalp through the hair to ensure intimate contact,which inconveniences the user.And the implantable chips represented by Neuralink gave a living example of how BCI can make quadriplegic live better,but the destructive unacceptable for healthy people.Here we proposed a multichannel wearable ear-computer interface(ECI)patch worn behind the ears for direct communication and control via brain activity.The 8-channel ECI patch based on MXene electrode was prepared by a facile direct inject print approach on the soft,thin,and breathable medical film that enables superior adherence.The fatigue induction experiments tested by the ECI patch offer an average classification accuracy of 90.5%,showing effective monitoring of the fatigue state.Participants wearing the ECI patch also perform the 4-target steady state visual evoked potential(SSVEP)BCI classification offline and online experiment,the online 4-route tasks reap a comparable average accuracy of 93.5%to the commercial cap.Moreover,the complex route task relied on the subjects who gave commands while observing the unmanned vehicle completed 3 times,demonstrating the reliability and possibility of the ECI patch.展开更多
To avoid interference from unexpected background noises and obtain high fidelity voice signal,acoustic sensors with high sensitivity,flat frequency response,and high signal-to-noise ratio(SNR)are urgently needed for v...To avoid interference from unexpected background noises and obtain high fidelity voice signal,acoustic sensors with high sensitivity,flat frequency response,and high signal-to-noise ratio(SNR)are urgently needed for voice recognition.Grapheneoxide(GO)has received extensive attention due to its advantages of controllable thickness and high fracture strength.However,low mechanical sensitivity(SM)introduced by undesirable initial stress limits the performance of GO material in the field of voice recognition.To alleviate the aforementioned issue,GO diaphragm with annular corrugations is proposed.By means of the reusable copper mold machined by picosecond laser,the fabrication and transfer of corrugated GO diaphragm are realized,thus achieving a Fabry–Perot(F–P)acoustic sensor.Benefitting from the structural advantage of the corrugated GO diaphragm,our F–P acoustic sensor exhibits high S_(M)(43.70 nm/Pa@17 kHz),flat frequency response(−3.2 to 3.7 dB within 300–3500 Hz),and high SNR(76.66 dB@1 kHz).In addition,further acoustic measurements also demonstrate other merits,including an excellent frequency detection resolution(0.01 Hz)and high time stability(output relative variation less than 6.7% for 90 min).Given the merits presented before,the fabricated F–P acoustic sensor with corrugated GO diaphragm can serve as a high-fidelity platform for acoustic detection and voice recognition.In conjunction with the deep residual learning framework,high recognition accuracy of 98.4%is achieved by training and testing the data recorded by the fabricated F–P acoustic sensor.展开更多
Regarding the dependence of the treatment of removing polymethyl methacrylate(PMMA)from graphene upon the prestress in the film,two typical PMMA removal methods including acetone-vaporing and high-temperature annealin...Regarding the dependence of the treatment of removing polymethyl methacrylate(PMMA)from graphene upon the prestress in the film,two typical PMMA removal methods including acetone-vaporing and high-temperature annealing were investigated based on the opto-mechanical behaviors of the developed optical fiber Fabry-Perot(F-P)resonant sensor with a 125-pm diameter and~10-layer-thickness graphene diaphragm.The measured resonant responses showed that the F-P sensor via annealing process exhibited the resonant frequency of 481kHz and quality factor of 1034 at~2Pa and room temperature,which are respectively 2.5 times and 33 times larger than the acetone-treated sensor.Moreover,the former achieved a high sensitivity of 110.4kHz/kPa in the tested range of 2Pa-2.5kPa,apparently superior to the sensitivity of 16.2kHz/kPa obtained in the latter.However,the time drift of resonant frequency also mostly tended to occur in the annealed sensor,thereby shedding light on the opto-mechanical characteristics of graphene-based F-P resonant sensors,along with an optimized optical excitation and detection scheme.展开更多
基金funded by National Natural Science Foundation of China(52175492)Pilot Project for the Establishment of Virtual Teaching and Research Offices in Beijing's Higher Education Institutions(Grant No.4313054 and 4313055)Beijing Undergraduate Teaching Reform and Innovation Project of Higher Education(Grant No.ZF211B2002 and ZF211B2405).
文摘Sensors are the source of information technology and the first unit of intelligent systems,providing real-world"data"for artificial intelligence.They play a crucial role in various aspects of the national economy and the people's livelihood,such as national defense security and the development of new quality productive forces.This paper provides a comprehensive survey of how sensors should adapt to the current upsurge of artificial intelligence,analyzing their technical connotations,application characteristics,and inherent limitations.Furthermore,with a sensor-oriented mindset,it is proposed that sensors will dominate information technology,upgrade connotations,advance ubiquitous bionic intelligence and engage in a"symbiotic dance"with artificial intelligence.This overview provides a promising direction for the higher-level development of sensors and artificial intelligence.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (62474019 and 62088101)the Beijing Natural Science Foundation (L223006).
文摘Brain-computer interface(BCI)presented by the non-invasive electroencephalography(EEG)cap/band or implantable chips enabling people to fast and reliable control computers or mobile devices with thoughts has redefined the boundaries of human capabilities.However,the existing cap/band-adhered sticky gel usually needs to be tightly fixed on the scalp through the hair to ensure intimate contact,which inconveniences the user.And the implantable chips represented by Neuralink gave a living example of how BCI can make quadriplegic live better,but the destructive unacceptable for healthy people.Here we proposed a multichannel wearable ear-computer interface(ECI)patch worn behind the ears for direct communication and control via brain activity.The 8-channel ECI patch based on MXene electrode was prepared by a facile direct inject print approach on the soft,thin,and breathable medical film that enables superior adherence.The fatigue induction experiments tested by the ECI patch offer an average classification accuracy of 90.5%,showing effective monitoring of the fatigue state.Participants wearing the ECI patch also perform the 4-target steady state visual evoked potential(SSVEP)BCI classification offline and online experiment,the online 4-route tasks reap a comparable average accuracy of 93.5%to the commercial cap.Moreover,the complex route task relied on the subjects who gave commands while observing the unmanned vehicle completed 3 times,demonstrating the reliability and possibility of the ECI patch.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.62173021)Joint Funds of the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.U23A20638)+1 种基金Beijing Natural Science Foundation(No.4212039)Aviation Science Foundation of China(No.2020Z073051002).
文摘To avoid interference from unexpected background noises and obtain high fidelity voice signal,acoustic sensors with high sensitivity,flat frequency response,and high signal-to-noise ratio(SNR)are urgently needed for voice recognition.Grapheneoxide(GO)has received extensive attention due to its advantages of controllable thickness and high fracture strength.However,low mechanical sensitivity(SM)introduced by undesirable initial stress limits the performance of GO material in the field of voice recognition.To alleviate the aforementioned issue,GO diaphragm with annular corrugations is proposed.By means of the reusable copper mold machined by picosecond laser,the fabrication and transfer of corrugated GO diaphragm are realized,thus achieving a Fabry–Perot(F–P)acoustic sensor.Benefitting from the structural advantage of the corrugated GO diaphragm,our F–P acoustic sensor exhibits high S_(M)(43.70 nm/Pa@17 kHz),flat frequency response(−3.2 to 3.7 dB within 300–3500 Hz),and high SNR(76.66 dB@1 kHz).In addition,further acoustic measurements also demonstrate other merits,including an excellent frequency detection resolution(0.01 Hz)and high time stability(output relative variation less than 6.7% for 90 min).Given the merits presented before,the fabricated F–P acoustic sensor with corrugated GO diaphragm can serve as a high-fidelity platform for acoustic detection and voice recognition.In conjunction with the deep residual learning framework,high recognition accuracy of 98.4%is achieved by training and testing the data recorded by the fabricated F–P acoustic sensor.
基金This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.61573033 and 61773045)the National Defense Science and Technology Innovation Zone,Beijing Natural Science Foundation(Grant No.4212039)+1 种基金Science Technology and Innovation Commission of Shenzhen Municipality(Grant Nos.JCYJ20180504165721952 and JCYJ-20170817-111857745)Aviation Science Foundation of China(Grant No.2020Z073051002).
文摘Regarding the dependence of the treatment of removing polymethyl methacrylate(PMMA)from graphene upon the prestress in the film,two typical PMMA removal methods including acetone-vaporing and high-temperature annealing were investigated based on the opto-mechanical behaviors of the developed optical fiber Fabry-Perot(F-P)resonant sensor with a 125-pm diameter and~10-layer-thickness graphene diaphragm.The measured resonant responses showed that the F-P sensor via annealing process exhibited the resonant frequency of 481kHz and quality factor of 1034 at~2Pa and room temperature,which are respectively 2.5 times and 33 times larger than the acetone-treated sensor.Moreover,the former achieved a high sensitivity of 110.4kHz/kPa in the tested range of 2Pa-2.5kPa,apparently superior to the sensitivity of 16.2kHz/kPa obtained in the latter.However,the time drift of resonant frequency also mostly tended to occur in the annealed sensor,thereby shedding light on the opto-mechanical characteristics of graphene-based F-P resonant sensors,along with an optimized optical excitation and detection scheme.
