目的:系统评价艾灸对实验性类风湿关节炎(RA)动物模型体内促炎性细胞因子表达的影响,为艾灸治疗RA的临床应用及相关基础研究提供参考。方法:检索中国知网(CNKI)、中国生物医学文献数据库(CBM)、维普(VIP)、万方4个中文数据库和PubMed、E...目的:系统评价艾灸对实验性类风湿关节炎(RA)动物模型体内促炎性细胞因子表达的影响,为艾灸治疗RA的临床应用及相关基础研究提供参考。方法:检索中国知网(CNKI)、中国生物医学文献数据库(CBM)、维普(VIP)、万方4个中文数据库和PubMed、EMBASE及Web of Science 3个英文数据库,检索时间从建库至2020年1月。两名研究人员独立筛选和提取相关数据,采用SYRCLE偏倚风险评估工具进行研究质量评价,使用Revman 5.3软件对纳入文献的结局指标进行Meta分析。结果:共检索到648篇文献,最终纳入15篇动物实验研究。Meta分析结果显示:①与模型组比较,艾灸能降低RA大鼠外周血肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)(SMD=-3.46,95%CI[-4.89,-2.03],P<0.001)、白介素-1β(IL-1β)(SMD=-3.81,95%CI[-5.82,-1.81],P=0.0002)、白介素-6(IL-6)(SMD=-2.24,95%CI[-2.72,-1.75],P<0.001)的表达;②艾灸治疗后,家兔滑膜液中TNF-α(SMD=-3.98,95%CI[-7.54,-0.42],P=0.003)、IL-6(MD=-42.69,95%CI[-76.47,-8.91],P=0.01)表达下降,而IL-1β(MD=-3.62,95%CI[-7.41,0.17],P=0.06)的表达与模型组比较差异无统计学意义;③与模型组比较,艾灸组小鼠脾脏IL-1β(MD=-15.44,95%CI[-25.73,-5.15],P=0.003)、IL-6(MD=-37.5,95%CI[-62.41,-12.59],P=0.003)的表达下降,差异有统计学意义。结论:当前证据表明,艾灸能降低实验性RA动物模型体内促炎性细胞因子TNF-α、IL-1β、IL-6的表达,减轻炎症反应,但今后的研究有必要在炎症因子的选择、造模方式、艾灸形式等方面进一步规范。展开更多
This study aimed to fabricate new and effective material for the efficiency of phosphate adsorption.Two types of adsorbent materials,the zirconium hydroxides embedded in pomegranate peel(Zr/Peel)and zirconium-lanthanu...This study aimed to fabricate new and effective material for the efficiency of phosphate adsorption.Two types of adsorbent materials,the zirconium hydroxides embedded in pomegranate peel(Zr/Peel)and zirconium-lanthanum hydroxides embedded in pomegranate peel(Zr-La/Peel)were developed.Scanning electronic microscopy(SEM),x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS)and x-ray diffraction(XRD)were evaluated to give insight into the physicochemical properties of these adsorbents.Zr-La/Peel exceeded the adsorption efficiency of Zr/Peel adsorbents in batch adsorption experiments at the same pH level.The peel as a host can strive to have a strong"shielding effect"to increase the steadiness of the entrenched Zr and La elements.La and Zr are hydroxide metals that emit many hydrogen ions during the hydrolysis reaction,which contribute to protonation and electrostatic attraction.The highest adsorption capacity of La-Zr/Peel for phosphate was calculated to be40.21 mg/g,and pseudo second-order equation is very well fitted for kinetic adsorption.Phosphate adsorption efficiency was reduced by an increase of pH.With the background of coexisting Cl-,little effect on adsorption efficiency was observed,while adsorption capacities were reduced by almost 20-30%with the coexistence of SO42-,NO3-and humic acid(HA).展开更多
OBJECTIVE:To determine whether moxibustion had an anti-inflammatory effect on rheumatoid arthritis(RA)by regulating Annexin 1 expression and interfering with the phospholipaseA2 signaling pathway.METHODS:Thirty male S...OBJECTIVE:To determine whether moxibustion had an anti-inflammatory effect on rheumatoid arthritis(RA)by regulating Annexin 1 expression and interfering with the phospholipaseA2 signaling pathway.METHODS:Thirty male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly categorized into five groups(six rats per group):blank control(CON)group,RA model(RA)group,moxibustion(MOX)group,Annexin 1 lentiviral intervention(RNAi-Anxa1)group,and Annexin 1 lentiviral intervention+moxibustion(RNAi-Anxa1+MOX)group.The rats in the RNAi-Anxa1 and the RNAi-Anxa1+MOX groups were injected with the lentiviral vector-mediated RNAi-Anxa1 into the rat foot pad.An experimental RA rat model was established by injecting Freund's complete adjuvant(FCA)into the RA,MOX,RNAi-Anxa1,and RNAi-Anxa1+MOX groups.Rats in the MOX and RNAiAnxa1+MOX groups received moxibustion treatment.After modeling,using moxibustion“Shenshu(BL23)”and“Zusanli(ST36)”,each point is 5 times,bilateral alternating,once a day,6 times for a course of treatment,between the courses of rest for a one day.A total of three treatment courses were conducted.Both bilateral pad thicknesses were measured using Vernier calipers on experimental days 1,7,14,21,and 28.The expression of cPLA2αsignaling in the synovium of diseased joints was observed using Western blot.The pathology of the rat ankle synovium was observed using hematoxylineosin(HE)staining.Interleukin(IL)-1β,IL-10,prostaglandin E2(PGE2),and leukotriene B4(LTB4)were detected using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.RESULTS:Moxibustion increased the levels of Annexin 1 and decreased the inflammatory response in rats with RA.After increasing the expression of Annexin 1,the phosphorylated expression of cPLA2αwas inhibited,the serum levels of IL-1β,PGE2,and LTB4 decreased,and the level of IL-10 increased.In moxibustion treated RA rats after the Annexin 1 lentiviral intervention,the serum levels of IL-1β,PGE2,LTB4,and IL-10 were almost unchanged.CONCLUSION:Moxibustion enhanced the negative regulation of the cPLA2αsignaling pathway,increased the synovial Annexin 1 expression,inhibited the cPLA2αsignaling pathway,indirectly inhibited the expression of downstream inflammatory factors,and played a role in reducing inflammation.展开更多
OBJECTIVE:To test the hypothesis that moxibustion may inhibit rheumatoid arthritis(RA)synovial inflammation by regulating the expression of macrophage migration inhibitory factor(MIF)/glucocorticoids(GCs).METHODS:Fift...OBJECTIVE:To test the hypothesis that moxibustion may inhibit rheumatoid arthritis(RA)synovial inflammation by regulating the expression of macrophage migration inhibitory factor(MIF)/glucocorticoids(GCs).METHODS:Fifty male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into five groups(n=10 each):blank Control(CON)group,RA Model(RA)group,Moxibustion(MOX)group,MIF inhibitor(S,R)-3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-4,5-dihydro-5-isoxazole acetic acid methyl ester(ISO-1)group,and Moxibustion+MIF inhibitor ISO-1(MOX+ISO-1)group.Rats in the ISO-1 group and ISO-1+MOX group were intraperitoneally injected with the inhibitor ISO-1.The rats in the RA group,ISO-1 group,MOX group,and ISO-1+MOX group were injected with Freund's complete adjuvant(FCA)in the right hind footpad to establish an experimental RA rat model.In the MOX group and MOX+ISO-1 group,rats were treated with Moxa.The thickness of the footpads of the rats in each group was measured at three-time points before,after modeling and after moxibustion treatment.The contents of serum MIF,corticosterone(CORT),tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α)and interleukin-1β(IL-1β)were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay;and the contents of synovial MIF were detected by Western blot.Hematoxylin-eosin(HE)staining method was used to observe the pathological changes of synovial tissue under a section light microscope,and pathological scoring was performed according to the grading standard of the degree of synovial tissue disease.RESULTS:Moxibustion was found to reduce the level of MIF and alleviate inflammation in RA rats in this study.In addition,after inhibiting the expression of MIF,the level of CORT increased,and the level of TNF-α decreased.Treating RA rats with inhibited MIF by moxibustion,the level of CORT was almost unchanged,but the level of TNF-α further decreased.The correlation analysis data suggested that MIF was positively related to the expression of TNF-α and negatively correlated with the expression of CORT.CONCLUSION:Reducing MIF to increase CORT and decrease TNF-α by moxibustion treatment in RA.MIF may be a factor for moxibustion to regulate the expression of CORT,but the expression of TNF-α is due to the incomplete regulation of the MIF.This study added to the body of evidence pointing to moxibustion's antiinflammatory mechanism in the treatment of RA.展开更多
文摘目的:系统评价艾灸对实验性类风湿关节炎(RA)动物模型体内促炎性细胞因子表达的影响,为艾灸治疗RA的临床应用及相关基础研究提供参考。方法:检索中国知网(CNKI)、中国生物医学文献数据库(CBM)、维普(VIP)、万方4个中文数据库和PubMed、EMBASE及Web of Science 3个英文数据库,检索时间从建库至2020年1月。两名研究人员独立筛选和提取相关数据,采用SYRCLE偏倚风险评估工具进行研究质量评价,使用Revman 5.3软件对纳入文献的结局指标进行Meta分析。结果:共检索到648篇文献,最终纳入15篇动物实验研究。Meta分析结果显示:①与模型组比较,艾灸能降低RA大鼠外周血肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)(SMD=-3.46,95%CI[-4.89,-2.03],P<0.001)、白介素-1β(IL-1β)(SMD=-3.81,95%CI[-5.82,-1.81],P=0.0002)、白介素-6(IL-6)(SMD=-2.24,95%CI[-2.72,-1.75],P<0.001)的表达;②艾灸治疗后,家兔滑膜液中TNF-α(SMD=-3.98,95%CI[-7.54,-0.42],P=0.003)、IL-6(MD=-42.69,95%CI[-76.47,-8.91],P=0.01)表达下降,而IL-1β(MD=-3.62,95%CI[-7.41,0.17],P=0.06)的表达与模型组比较差异无统计学意义;③与模型组比较,艾灸组小鼠脾脏IL-1β(MD=-15.44,95%CI[-25.73,-5.15],P=0.003)、IL-6(MD=-37.5,95%CI[-62.41,-12.59],P=0.003)的表达下降,差异有统计学意义。结论:当前证据表明,艾灸能降低实验性RA动物模型体内促炎性细胞因子TNF-α、IL-1β、IL-6的表达,减轻炎症反应,但今后的研究有必要在炎症因子的选择、造模方式、艾灸形式等方面进一步规范。
文摘目的分析乌司他丁结合低分子肝素钙的临床应用价值及对细菌感染率和血清超氧化物歧化酶(Superoxide Dismutase,SOD)、丙二醛(Malondialdehyde,MDA)水平的影响。方法将2016年8月-2018年10月间西安市第一医院收治的100例急诊重症脓毒症患者随机分为观察组及对照组;对照组采用乌司他丁治疗,观察组在对照组基础上使用乌司他丁结合低分子肝素钙治疗;记录两组重症加强护理病房(intensive Care Unit,ICU)住院时间、28 d病死率、不良反应发生率以及新发感染发生情况;治疗前后检测患者血中降钙素原(procalcitonin,PCT)、C-反应蛋白(C-reactive protein,CRP)、白细胞介素-6(interieukin-6,IL-6)水平评估患者体内炎症因子水平,血衆凝血酶原时间(prothrombin time,PT)、激活的部分凝血活酶时间(actived partial thromboplastin time,APTT)、奸维蛋白原(fibrinogen,FIB)以及静脉血血小板记数(blood platelet,PLT)水平评估体内凝血功能,SOD、MDA、免疫球蛋白G(immunoglobulin G,IgG)、免疫球蛋白A(inununoglobulin A,IgA)及免疫球蛋白M(Immunoglobulin M,IgM,)水平评估免疫指标功能;采用急性生理与慢性健康状况评分Ⅱ(acute physiology and chronic health evaluation D,APACHEⅡ)及急诊科脓毒症相关死亡率评分(mortality in emergency department score,MEDS)量表对患者临床指标进行评估。结果两组28 d死亡率及不良反应发生率无明显差异(P>0.05);观察组新发感染发生率均低于对照组,且差异具有统计学意义(PC0.05);治疗后观察组CRP、PCT、IL-6、PT、APTT、MDA水平明显低于对照组,PLT、FIB、SOD、IgG、IgA及IgM水平明显高于对照组,差异其有统计学意义(P<0.05);治疗后边察组APACHEⅡ及MEDS量表评分均明显低于对照组,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论乌司他丁结合低分子肝素钙治疗可有效提高急诊重症脓毒症的治疗疗效,显著降低细菌感染率,并改善患者血清SOD、MDA水平。
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.51978384)Tai Shan Scholar Foundation(No.ts20151003)
文摘This study aimed to fabricate new and effective material for the efficiency of phosphate adsorption.Two types of adsorbent materials,the zirconium hydroxides embedded in pomegranate peel(Zr/Peel)and zirconium-lanthanum hydroxides embedded in pomegranate peel(Zr-La/Peel)were developed.Scanning electronic microscopy(SEM),x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS)and x-ray diffraction(XRD)were evaluated to give insight into the physicochemical properties of these adsorbents.Zr-La/Peel exceeded the adsorption efficiency of Zr/Peel adsorbents in batch adsorption experiments at the same pH level.The peel as a host can strive to have a strong"shielding effect"to increase the steadiness of the entrenched Zr and La elements.La and Zr are hydroxide metals that emit many hydrogen ions during the hydrolysis reaction,which contribute to protonation and electrostatic attraction.The highest adsorption capacity of La-Zr/Peel for phosphate was calculated to be40.21 mg/g,and pseudo second-order equation is very well fitted for kinetic adsorption.Phosphate adsorption efficiency was reduced by an increase of pH.With the background of coexisting Cl-,little effect on adsorption efficiency was observed,while adsorption capacities were reduced by almost 20-30%with the coexistence of SO42-,NO3-and humic acid(HA).
基金Grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China:Study on the Immune Mechanism of Macrophages 1/Macrophages 2 Polarization of Macrophages Treated with Moxibustion"Strengthening the Body and Expelling Pathogenic Qi"for"Struggle Between Healthy Qi and Pathogenic Qi"in Rheumatoid Arthritis(No.81973959)the National Key R&D Program of China:a Comparative Study of Moxibustion at Zusanli(ST36)on the Polarization of Knee Synovial Macrophage in Kneeosteoar-thritis and Rheumatoid Arthritis Rat Models(No.2019YFC1709001)+2 种基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China:Study on the Regulatory Mechanism of the"Immune-Inflammation"Molecular Signal of the Nucleotide—Binding Oligomerization Domain,Leucine rich Repeat and Pyrin domain containing Proteins 3 Inflammasome Treated by Moxibustion for Rheumatoid Arthritis(No.81774435)the Foundation of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine:Study on the Mechanism of"Macrophage Migration Inhibitory Factor-Target Protein-Glucocorticoid-Inflammation"in Moxibustion Treatment and Anti-inflammatory Effect of Rheumatoid Arthritis(No.QNXZ2018034)the Science and Technology Innovation Seedling Project of Sichuan Province:Exploring the Effector Mechanism of Moxibustion Treatment in the Experimental Rheumatoid Arthritis Model based on the Macrophage Macrophages 1 Polarization Signaling Pathway Toll-like Receptors 4-Maximum Tolerated Dose 88-Nuclear Factor-Kappa B and its Regulatory Molecule T Cell Immunoglobulin and Mucin Domain-containing Protein 3(No.2022037)。
文摘OBJECTIVE:To determine whether moxibustion had an anti-inflammatory effect on rheumatoid arthritis(RA)by regulating Annexin 1 expression and interfering with the phospholipaseA2 signaling pathway.METHODS:Thirty male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly categorized into five groups(six rats per group):blank control(CON)group,RA model(RA)group,moxibustion(MOX)group,Annexin 1 lentiviral intervention(RNAi-Anxa1)group,and Annexin 1 lentiviral intervention+moxibustion(RNAi-Anxa1+MOX)group.The rats in the RNAi-Anxa1 and the RNAi-Anxa1+MOX groups were injected with the lentiviral vector-mediated RNAi-Anxa1 into the rat foot pad.An experimental RA rat model was established by injecting Freund's complete adjuvant(FCA)into the RA,MOX,RNAi-Anxa1,and RNAi-Anxa1+MOX groups.Rats in the MOX and RNAiAnxa1+MOX groups received moxibustion treatment.After modeling,using moxibustion“Shenshu(BL23)”and“Zusanli(ST36)”,each point is 5 times,bilateral alternating,once a day,6 times for a course of treatment,between the courses of rest for a one day.A total of three treatment courses were conducted.Both bilateral pad thicknesses were measured using Vernier calipers on experimental days 1,7,14,21,and 28.The expression of cPLA2αsignaling in the synovium of diseased joints was observed using Western blot.The pathology of the rat ankle synovium was observed using hematoxylineosin(HE)staining.Interleukin(IL)-1β,IL-10,prostaglandin E2(PGE2),and leukotriene B4(LTB4)were detected using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.RESULTS:Moxibustion increased the levels of Annexin 1 and decreased the inflammatory response in rats with RA.After increasing the expression of Annexin 1,the phosphorylated expression of cPLA2αwas inhibited,the serum levels of IL-1β,PGE2,and LTB4 decreased,and the level of IL-10 increased.In moxibustion treated RA rats after the Annexin 1 lentiviral intervention,the serum levels of IL-1β,PGE2,LTB4,and IL-10 were almost unchanged.CONCLUSION:Moxibustion enhanced the negative regulation of the cPLA2αsignaling pathway,increased the synovial Annexin 1 expression,inhibited the cPLA2αsignaling pathway,indirectly inhibited the expression of downstream inflammatory factors,and played a role in reducing inflammation.
基金National Key R&D Program of China:Research on the Functional Characteristics of"Special Effects"and"Common Effects"of Acupoints(No.2019YFC1709001)the National Natural Science Foundation of China:Study on the Immune Mechanisms of Macrophage M1/M2 Polarization in the Treatment of Rheumatoid Arthritis by Moxibustion"Strengthening Body Resistance and Eliminating Evil"(No.81973959)+3 种基金Research on"ImmuneInflammation"Molecular Signal Regulation of NLRP3 Inflammasomes in RA with Moxibustion Treatment(No.81774435)Foundation of Sichuan Provincial Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine:Research on the Mechanism of MIF-GC Rhythm in the Anti-inflammatory Effect of Moxibustion in Treating Rheumatoid Arthritis(No.2018JC007)Science and Technology Innovation Seedling Project of Sichuan Province,China:based on Macrophage M1 Polarization Signaling Pathway TLR4-MyD88-NF-κB and Its Regulatory Molecule TIM-3 Exploring the Effect Mechanism of Moxibustion on Experimental RA Model(No.2022037)Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Foundation:Study on the Mechanism of"MIF-target Protein-GC-inflammation"in the AntiInflammatory Effect of Moxibustion in the Treatment of RA(No.QNXZ2018034)。
文摘OBJECTIVE:To test the hypothesis that moxibustion may inhibit rheumatoid arthritis(RA)synovial inflammation by regulating the expression of macrophage migration inhibitory factor(MIF)/glucocorticoids(GCs).METHODS:Fifty male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into five groups(n=10 each):blank Control(CON)group,RA Model(RA)group,Moxibustion(MOX)group,MIF inhibitor(S,R)-3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-4,5-dihydro-5-isoxazole acetic acid methyl ester(ISO-1)group,and Moxibustion+MIF inhibitor ISO-1(MOX+ISO-1)group.Rats in the ISO-1 group and ISO-1+MOX group were intraperitoneally injected with the inhibitor ISO-1.The rats in the RA group,ISO-1 group,MOX group,and ISO-1+MOX group were injected with Freund's complete adjuvant(FCA)in the right hind footpad to establish an experimental RA rat model.In the MOX group and MOX+ISO-1 group,rats were treated with Moxa.The thickness of the footpads of the rats in each group was measured at three-time points before,after modeling and after moxibustion treatment.The contents of serum MIF,corticosterone(CORT),tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α)and interleukin-1β(IL-1β)were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay;and the contents of synovial MIF were detected by Western blot.Hematoxylin-eosin(HE)staining method was used to observe the pathological changes of synovial tissue under a section light microscope,and pathological scoring was performed according to the grading standard of the degree of synovial tissue disease.RESULTS:Moxibustion was found to reduce the level of MIF and alleviate inflammation in RA rats in this study.In addition,after inhibiting the expression of MIF,the level of CORT increased,and the level of TNF-α decreased.Treating RA rats with inhibited MIF by moxibustion,the level of CORT was almost unchanged,but the level of TNF-α further decreased.The correlation analysis data suggested that MIF was positively related to the expression of TNF-α and negatively correlated with the expression of CORT.CONCLUSION:Reducing MIF to increase CORT and decrease TNF-α by moxibustion treatment in RA.MIF may be a factor for moxibustion to regulate the expression of CORT,but the expression of TNF-α is due to the incomplete regulation of the MIF.This study added to the body of evidence pointing to moxibustion's antiinflammatory mechanism in the treatment of RA.
