Background:Yiqi Peiyuan(YQPY)prescription,a composite prescription of traditional Chinese medicine,has been used to prevent or delay the continued deterioration of renal function after acute kidney injury(AKI)in some ...Background:Yiqi Peiyuan(YQPY)prescription,a composite prescription of traditional Chinese medicine,has been used to prevent or delay the continued deterioration of renal function after acute kidney injury(AKI)in some institutions and has shown considerable efficacy.Objective:This is the first randomized controlled trial to assess efficacy and safety of YQPY for improving short-term prognosis in adult patients with AKI.Design,setting,participants and interventions:This is a prospective,double-blind,multicenter,randomized,and placebo-controlled clinical trial.A total of 144 enrolled participants were randomly allocated to two groups according to a randomization schedule.Participants,caregivers and investigators assessing the outcomes were blinded to group assignment.Patients in the YQPY group received 36 g YQPY granules twice a day for 28 days.Patients in the placebo group received a placebo in the same dose as the YQPY granules.Main outcome measures:The primary outcome was the change in the estimated glomerular filtration rate(eGFR)between baseline and after 4 and 24 weeks of treatment.The secondary outcomes were the change of serum creatinine(Scr)level between baseline and after treatment,and the incidence of endpoint events,defined as eGFR increasing by more than 25%above baseline,eGFR>75 mL/min per1.73 m2or the composite endpoint,which was defined as the sum of patients meeting either of the above criteria.Results:Data from a total of 114 patients(59 in the YQPY group and 55 in the control group)were analyzed.The mean changes in eGFR and Scr in weeks 4 and 24 had no difference between the two groups.In further subgroup analysis(22 in the YQPY group and 31 in the control group),the mean change in eGFR after treatment for 4 weeks was 27.39 mL/min per 1.73 m2in the YQPY group and 5.78 mL/min per1.73 m2in the placebo group,and the mean difference between groups was 21.61 mL/min per 1.73 m2(P<0.001).Thirteen(59.1%)patients in the YQPY group and 5(16.1%)in the placebo group reached the composite endpoints(P=0.002).During the intervention,2 and 4 severe adverse events were reported in the YQPY and placebo groups,respectively.Conclusion:The YQPY granules can effectively improve the renal function of patients 4 weeks after the onset of AKI,indicating that it has good efficacy for improving short-term renal outcomes in patients with AKI.The YQPY granules may be a promising therapy for adults with AKI.展开更多
Microaerobic Fe(Ⅱ) oxidation process at neutral pH, driven by microbes can couple to carbon assimilation process in iron-rich freshwater and marine environments;however, few studies report such coupled processes in p...Microaerobic Fe(Ⅱ) oxidation process at neutral pH, driven by microbes can couple to carbon assimilation process in iron-rich freshwater and marine environments;however, few studies report such coupled processes in paddy soil of the critical zone in South China. In this study, rhizosphere soil from flooded paddy field was used as the inoculum to enrich the microaerophilic Fe(Ⅱ)-oxidizing bacteria(FeOB) in gradient tubes with different Fe(Ⅱ) substrates(FeS and FeCO_3) and ^(13)C-biocarbonate as inorganic carbon source to track the carbon assimilation. Kinetics of Fe(Ⅱ) oxidation and biomineralization were analyzed, and the composition and abundance of the microbial community were profiled using 16 S rRNA gene-based highthroughput sequencing. Results showed that microbial cell bands were formed 0.5–1.0 cm below the medium surface in the inoculated tubes with Fe(Ⅱ) substances, while no cell band was found in the non-inocula controls. The protein concentrations in the cell bands reached the highest values at 18.7–22.9 mg m^L(-1) on 6 d in the inocula tubes with Fe(Ⅱ) substrates. A plateau of the yields of ^(13)C-biocarbonate incorporation was observed during 6–15 d at 0.44–0.54% and 1.61–1.98% in the inocula tubes with FeS and FeCO_3, respectively. The inocula tube with FeS showed a higher Fe(Ⅱ) oxidation rate of 0.156 mmol L^(-1) d^(-1) than that with FeCO_3(0.106 mmol L^(-1) d^(-1)). Analyses of X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy with energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy revealed that amorphous iron oxide was formed on the surface of rod-shaped bacteria after Fe(Ⅱ) oxidation.Relative to the agar only control, the abundances of Clostridium and Pseudogulbenkiania increased in the inocula tube with FeS,while those of Vogesella, Magnetospirillum, Solitalea, and Oxalicibacterium increased in the inocula tube with FeCO_3, all of which might be the potential microaerophilic FeOB in paddy soil. The findings in this study suggest that microbes that couple microaerobic Fe(Ⅱ) oxidation to carbon assimilation existed in the paddy soil, which provides an insight into the iron-carbon coupling transformation under microaerobic conditions in the critical zone of the iron-rich red soil.展开更多
Surface modification using bioactive molecules is frequently performed to improve the biological properties of medical metal biomaterial titanium(Ti)implants.Developmental evidence suggests that mesenchymal stem cell-...Surface modification using bioactive molecules is frequently performed to improve the biological properties of medical metal biomaterial titanium(Ti)implants.Developmental evidence suggests that mesenchymal stem cell-derived extracellular vesicles(MSC-EVs)served as potent bioactive component.As a subset of MSC EV,adipose-derived stem cel-derived extracellular vesicles(ADSC-EVs)could be obtained from abundant adipose tissue.Meanwhile,it possesses multiple re-generative properties and might be used to endow biological activities to medical Ti implant.Here,we present a simple ADSC-EV coating strategy based on physisorption of fibronectin.This ADSC-EV functionalized Ti implants(EV-Ti)revealed enhanced osteoblast compatibility and osteoinduc-tive activity.Cell spreading area of EV-Ti group was 1.62-and 1.48-fold larger than that of Ti group after 6 and 12 h of cell seeding,respectively.Moreover,EV-Ti promoted alkaline phosphatase,col-lagen 1 and osteocalcin gene expression in osteoblast by 1.51-,1.68-and 1.82-fold compared with pristine Ti,respectively.Thus,the MSC-EVs modification method reported here provide a clinically translatable strategy to promote the bioactivity of Ti implants.展开更多
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.82170685,81970574)Shanghai Municipal Health Commission(No.ZXYXZ-201904,ZY[2021-2023]-0208,ZY[2021-2023]-0302)+1 种基金Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine(No.18ZXY001)Shanghai Bureau of Public Health(No.2018JP005)。
文摘Background:Yiqi Peiyuan(YQPY)prescription,a composite prescription of traditional Chinese medicine,has been used to prevent or delay the continued deterioration of renal function after acute kidney injury(AKI)in some institutions and has shown considerable efficacy.Objective:This is the first randomized controlled trial to assess efficacy and safety of YQPY for improving short-term prognosis in adult patients with AKI.Design,setting,participants and interventions:This is a prospective,double-blind,multicenter,randomized,and placebo-controlled clinical trial.A total of 144 enrolled participants were randomly allocated to two groups according to a randomization schedule.Participants,caregivers and investigators assessing the outcomes were blinded to group assignment.Patients in the YQPY group received 36 g YQPY granules twice a day for 28 days.Patients in the placebo group received a placebo in the same dose as the YQPY granules.Main outcome measures:The primary outcome was the change in the estimated glomerular filtration rate(eGFR)between baseline and after 4 and 24 weeks of treatment.The secondary outcomes were the change of serum creatinine(Scr)level between baseline and after treatment,and the incidence of endpoint events,defined as eGFR increasing by more than 25%above baseline,eGFR>75 mL/min per1.73 m2or the composite endpoint,which was defined as the sum of patients meeting either of the above criteria.Results:Data from a total of 114 patients(59 in the YQPY group and 55 in the control group)were analyzed.The mean changes in eGFR and Scr in weeks 4 and 24 had no difference between the two groups.In further subgroup analysis(22 in the YQPY group and 31 in the control group),the mean change in eGFR after treatment for 4 weeks was 27.39 mL/min per 1.73 m2in the YQPY group and 5.78 mL/min per1.73 m2in the placebo group,and the mean difference between groups was 21.61 mL/min per 1.73 m2(P<0.001).Thirteen(59.1%)patients in the YQPY group and 5(16.1%)in the placebo group reached the composite endpoints(P=0.002).During the intervention,2 and 4 severe adverse events were reported in the YQPY and placebo groups,respectively.Conclusion:The YQPY granules can effectively improve the renal function of patients 4 weeks after the onset of AKI,indicating that it has good efficacy for improving short-term renal outcomes in patients with AKI.The YQPY granules may be a promising therapy for adults with AKI.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 41571130052, 41701295 & 41271263)the Guangdong Natural Science Funds for Distinguished Young Scholars (Grant No. 2017A030306010)
文摘Microaerobic Fe(Ⅱ) oxidation process at neutral pH, driven by microbes can couple to carbon assimilation process in iron-rich freshwater and marine environments;however, few studies report such coupled processes in paddy soil of the critical zone in South China. In this study, rhizosphere soil from flooded paddy field was used as the inoculum to enrich the microaerophilic Fe(Ⅱ)-oxidizing bacteria(FeOB) in gradient tubes with different Fe(Ⅱ) substrates(FeS and FeCO_3) and ^(13)C-biocarbonate as inorganic carbon source to track the carbon assimilation. Kinetics of Fe(Ⅱ) oxidation and biomineralization were analyzed, and the composition and abundance of the microbial community were profiled using 16 S rRNA gene-based highthroughput sequencing. Results showed that microbial cell bands were formed 0.5–1.0 cm below the medium surface in the inoculated tubes with Fe(Ⅱ) substances, while no cell band was found in the non-inocula controls. The protein concentrations in the cell bands reached the highest values at 18.7–22.9 mg m^L(-1) on 6 d in the inocula tubes with Fe(Ⅱ) substrates. A plateau of the yields of ^(13)C-biocarbonate incorporation was observed during 6–15 d at 0.44–0.54% and 1.61–1.98% in the inocula tubes with FeS and FeCO_3, respectively. The inocula tube with FeS showed a higher Fe(Ⅱ) oxidation rate of 0.156 mmol L^(-1) d^(-1) than that with FeCO_3(0.106 mmol L^(-1) d^(-1)). Analyses of X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy with energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy revealed that amorphous iron oxide was formed on the surface of rod-shaped bacteria after Fe(Ⅱ) oxidation.Relative to the agar only control, the abundances of Clostridium and Pseudogulbenkiania increased in the inocula tube with FeS,while those of Vogesella, Magnetospirillum, Solitalea, and Oxalicibacterium increased in the inocula tube with FeCO_3, all of which might be the potential microaerophilic FeOB in paddy soil. The findings in this study suggest that microbes that couple microaerobic Fe(Ⅱ) oxidation to carbon assimilation existed in the paddy soil, which provides an insight into the iron-carbon coupling transformation under microaerobic conditions in the critical zone of the iron-rich red soil.
基金This work was supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(2019YFA0110500)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.81873941,81701922 and 81701912).
文摘Surface modification using bioactive molecules is frequently performed to improve the biological properties of medical metal biomaterial titanium(Ti)implants.Developmental evidence suggests that mesenchymal stem cell-derived extracellular vesicles(MSC-EVs)served as potent bioactive component.As a subset of MSC EV,adipose-derived stem cel-derived extracellular vesicles(ADSC-EVs)could be obtained from abundant adipose tissue.Meanwhile,it possesses multiple re-generative properties and might be used to endow biological activities to medical Ti implant.Here,we present a simple ADSC-EV coating strategy based on physisorption of fibronectin.This ADSC-EV functionalized Ti implants(EV-Ti)revealed enhanced osteoblast compatibility and osteoinduc-tive activity.Cell spreading area of EV-Ti group was 1.62-and 1.48-fold larger than that of Ti group after 6 and 12 h of cell seeding,respectively.Moreover,EV-Ti promoted alkaline phosphatase,col-lagen 1 and osteocalcin gene expression in osteoblast by 1.51-,1.68-and 1.82-fold compared with pristine Ti,respectively.Thus,the MSC-EVs modification method reported here provide a clinically translatable strategy to promote the bioactivity of Ti implants.
