Metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease(MASLD)and alcohol-associated liver disease(ALD)are prevalent chronic liver diseases that can progress to steatohepatitis,fibrosis,cirrhosis,and ultimately liver fai...Metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease(MASLD)and alcohol-associated liver disease(ALD)are prevalent chronic liver diseases that can progress to steatohepatitis,fibrosis,cirrhosis,and ultimately liver failure.Here,we demonstrated that oral administration of GNVs provided substantial protection against liver injury and fibrosis in MASLD and ALD mouse models.In a Western-style high-fat diet-induced MASLD model and a chronic binge alcohol-induced ALD model,GNVs treatment significantly reduced gut leakiness by restoring intestinal junctional complex proteins and rebalancing the gut microbiome.GNVs attenuated hepatic lipid accumulation,oxidative stress and fibrogenicmarkers.GNV treatment downregulated the fibrosis-associated tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-2(TIMP2)pathway in hepatic stellate cells,which is linked to enhanced matrix degradation and reduced fibrogenesis.GNVs prevent MASLD-and ALD-associated gut barrier dysfunction and liver fibrosis through modulation of the gut-liver axis and the TIMP2 pathway.Edible GNVs represent a novel,multifaceted therapeutic strategy for managing chronic liver diseases.展开更多
The practical application of lithium(Li)metal batteries(LMBs)faces challenges due to the irreversible Li deposition/dissolution process,which promotes Li dendrite growth with severe parasitic reactions during cycling....The practical application of lithium(Li)metal batteries(LMBs)faces challenges due to the irreversible Li deposition/dissolution process,which promotes Li dendrite growth with severe parasitic reactions during cycling.To address these issues,achieving uniform Li‐ion flux and improving Li‐ion conductivity of the separator are the top priorities.Herein,a separator(PCELS)with enhanced Li‐ion conductivity,composed of polymer,ceramic,and electrically conductive carbon,is proposed to facilitate fast Li‐ion transport kinetics and increase Li deposition uniformity of the LMBs.The PCELS immobilizes PF6–anions with high adsorption energies,leading to a high Li‐ion transference number.Simultaneously,the PCELS shows excellent electrolyte wettability on both its sides,promoting rapid ion transport.Moreover,the electrically conductive carbon within the PCELS provides additional electron transport channels,enabling efficient charge transfer and uniform Li‐ion flux.With these advantages,the PCELS achieves rapid Li‐ion transport kinetics and uniform Li deposition,demonstrating excellent cycling stability over 100 cycles at a high current density of 12.0 mA cm^(-2).Furthermore,the PCELS shows stable cycling performances in Li–S cell tests and delivers an excellent capacity retention of 95.45%in the Li|LiFePO_(4) full‐cell test with a high areal capacity of over 5.5 mAh cm^(-2).展开更多
Remarkable attention has been directed to Prussian blue(PB) and its analogues(PBA) as one of the most widely used metal-organic frameworks(MOFs) especially in the field of energy storage devices due to their fabulous ...Remarkable attention has been directed to Prussian blue(PB) and its analogues(PBA) as one of the most widely used metal-organic frameworks(MOFs) especially in the field of energy storage devices due to their fabulous features such as 3D open framework, high surface area, controllable distribution of pores and the low cost. Nevertheless, their depressed conductivity causes some insulation when being used as an electrode for supercapacitors leading to be restricted in further applications particularly the electronics. To the best of our knowledge, our review aimed primarily to give a total picture of the research that was done on utilizing PB and PBA for fabricating the electrodes of supercapacitor, studying their synthesis approaches in addition to the hybridization with other materials such as graphene, CNTs and conducting polymer. It also addresses the transformation of PB or PBA into other interesting nanostructures such as oxides, sulfides, and bicomponent of graphitic carbon nitride/metal oxides, as well. Furthermore,It exhibits various avenues for overcoming their disadvantages of bad cycle life, retention rate and not achieving the desired values of energy/power densities opening the door for enlarging the number of researches on their application as supercapacitors.展开更多
AIM: To assess the efficacy and safety of a patientpositioning device(EZ-FIX) for endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography(ERCP).METHODS: A total of 105 patients were randomized to the EZ-FIX(n = 53) or non-EZ-F...AIM: To assess the efficacy and safety of a patientpositioning device(EZ-FIX) for endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography(ERCP).METHODS: A total of 105 patients were randomized to the EZ-FIX(n = 53) or non-EZ-FIX(n = 52) group in this prospective study. Midazolam and propofol,titrated to provide an adequate level of sedation during therapeutic ERCP, were administered by trained registered nurses under endoscopist supervision.Primary outcome measures were the total dose of propofol and sedative-related complications, including hypoxia and hypotension. Secondary outcome measures were recovery time and sedation satisfaction of the endoscopist, nurses, and patients.RESULTS: There was no significant difference in the rate of hypoxia, but there was a statistical trend(EX-FIX group; n = 4, 7.55%, control group; n = 6, 11.53%,P = 0.06). The mean total dose of propofol was lower in the EZ-FIX group than in the non-EZ-FIX group(89.43 ± 49.8 mg vs 112.4 ± 53.8 mg, P = 0.025).In addition, the EZ-FIX group had a shorter mean recovery time(11.23 ± 4.61 mg vs 14.96 ± 5.12 mg, P< 0.001). Sedation satisfaction of the endoscopist and nurses was higher in the EX.FIX group than in the nonEZ-FIX group. Technical success rates of the procedure were 96.23% and 96.15%, respectively(P = 0.856).Procedure-related complications did not differ by group(11.32% vs 13.46%, respectively, P = 0.735).CONCLUSION: Using EZ-FIX reduced the total dose of propofol and the recovery time, and increased the satisfaction of the endoscopist and nurses.展开更多
This paper presents a detailed account of the effect of shipping activity on the increasing trends of air temperatures in the Canadian Arctic region for the period of 1980–2018.Increasing trend of temperature has gai...This paper presents a detailed account of the effect of shipping activity on the increasing trends of air temperatures in the Canadian Arctic region for the period of 1980–2018.Increasing trend of temperature has gained significant attention with respect to shipping activities and sea ice area in the Canadian Arctic.Temperature,sea ice area and shipping traffic datasets were investigated,and simple linear regression analyses were conducted to predict the rate of change(per decade)of the average temperature,considering winter(January)and summer(July)seasons.The results indicate that temperature generally increased over the studied region.Significant warming trend was observed during July,with an increase of up to 1℃,for the Canadian Arctic region.Such increasing trend of temperature was observed during July from the lower to higher latitudes.The increase in temperature during July is speculated to increase the melting of ice.Results also show a decline in sea ice area has a significant positive effect on the shipping traffic,and the numbers of marine vessel continue to increase in the region.The increase in temperature causes the breaking of sea ice due to shipping activities over northern Arctic Canada.展开更多
Organizations are making great efforts to improve their level of safety,but accidents continue to occur,and safety issues are not easily solved within an organization.Therefore,the importance of voluntary safety is in...Organizations are making great efforts to improve their level of safety,but accidents continue to occur,and safety issues are not easily solved within an organization.Therefore,the importance of voluntary safety is increasing,and as a result,interest in safety culture has recently increased.However,the concept of safety culture is ambiguous and the implementation of safety culture is not improving in the correct manner.This work proposes a unique framework for voluntary safety practice within an organization.This framework consists of Mindfulness-Based Cognitive Safety(MBCS)and spiritual safety leadership.From the perspective of safety within the concept of safety culture,safety has been considered a sub-facet of organizational culture.However,from a new perspective suggested by this study,safety is regarded as another important value separated from organizational culture,in which members should make intentional efforts based on safety awareness.MBCS maintains such safety awareness through self-safety cognition,while spiritual safety leadership is a fundamental foundation and fuel for self-safety cognition.Based on this,industries can pursue ideal safety and increase the integrity of the organization.This work provides effective guidance to improve safety management and emergency management related to industrial accidents.展开更多
Objective Cross sectional quantitative data from donor embryo recipients suggest children conceived through embryo donation are psychosocially well adjusted with healthy parent-child relationships.This study delves de...Objective Cross sectional quantitative data from donor embryo recipients suggest children conceived through embryo donation are psychosocially well adjusted with healthy parent-child relationships.This study delves deeper into this topic using a qualitative grounded theory apprach to capture recipients'experiences and perceptions regarding family-building through embryo donation.Methods This was a national qualtive study conducted via semistructured phone interviews.Interviews were self-nominated and composed of 25 open-ended questions.Interviews were transcribed using Temi software and coding was conducted in accordance with grounded theory methodology by five independent researchers to identity themes,Particlpants came from three embryo donation programmes across the USA.28 participants,with an average age of 48 years(range:34-69).volunteered to participate in interviews from a larger subject group.This previous group was a cross-sectional,survey-based study of psychosocial outcomes of children bom via embryo donation.The majority of patients(92%)identfied as Christian/Catholic.Themes were identifed in particlpants'responses to questions regarding general perceptions of embryo donation,decision-making procgss,dsclosure and children's psychosocial adjustment.Results Of the 118 participants from the quantitative survey-based study who volunteered for this qualtative study,28 individuals(24%)participated in the phone interview before thematic saturation was reached.The main themes identified include a desire to use existing embryos eficienty,religious frameworks encouraging maximal embryo use;satisfaction with and enthusiasm for embryo donation;lack of concem regarding child social adjustment and wllingness to disclose donor embryo use to others.Conclusion This qulitative study's findings afirm that participants find conceiving a child through embryo donation highly satistying and rewarding,experiencing minimal adverse events or regrets.As respondents identfied largely as Chritian/Catholic,further studies are warranted to assess the perceptions of a more diverse and generalisable population of recipients and children borm via embryo donation.展开更多
Lithium metal batteries(LMBs)offer high energy densities but face challenges including poor reversibility and Li dendrite growth.Herein,we evaluate two flexible composite current collectors composed of reduced graphen...Lithium metal batteries(LMBs)offer high energy densities but face challenges including poor reversibility and Li dendrite growth.Herein,we evaluate two flexible composite current collectors composed of reduced graphene oxide and carbon nanotubes(rGO/CNT)to investigate how Li storage mechanisms influence electrochemical performance.By modulating the number of layers in rGO,the few-layered rGO/CNT collector(FL-CC)stores Li through a pure plating mechanism,whereas the multi-layered rGO/CNT collector(ML-CC)stores lithium via a hybrid intercalation/plating mechanism.The hybrid mechanism in ML-CC promotes reversible Li-ion storage,reduces active Li-ion loss,and suppresses dendrite formation.As a result,ML-CC achieves superior cycling stability compared to FLCC in both LMBs and anode-free LMB tests paired with LiFePO_(4)cathodes at a practical areal capacity of 4.5 mAh cm^(-2).This study highlights the importance of structural design in current collectors and demonstrates that incorporating lithiatable materials can significantly enhance the electrochemical stability of anode-free LMBs.展开更多
基金supported by the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) grant funded by the Korea government (MSIT) (project number RS-2024-00340542)supported in part (to B.J.S.) by the Intramural Fund of National Institute of Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholismsupported by the 2022 research grant from the Korean Society of Ginseng
文摘Metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease(MASLD)and alcohol-associated liver disease(ALD)are prevalent chronic liver diseases that can progress to steatohepatitis,fibrosis,cirrhosis,and ultimately liver failure.Here,we demonstrated that oral administration of GNVs provided substantial protection against liver injury and fibrosis in MASLD and ALD mouse models.In a Western-style high-fat diet-induced MASLD model and a chronic binge alcohol-induced ALD model,GNVs treatment significantly reduced gut leakiness by restoring intestinal junctional complex proteins and rebalancing the gut microbiome.GNVs attenuated hepatic lipid accumulation,oxidative stress and fibrogenicmarkers.GNV treatment downregulated the fibrosis-associated tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-2(TIMP2)pathway in hepatic stellate cells,which is linked to enhanced matrix degradation and reduced fibrogenesis.GNVs prevent MASLD-and ALD-associated gut barrier dysfunction and liver fibrosis through modulation of the gut-liver axis and the TIMP2 pathway.Edible GNVs represent a novel,multifaceted therapeutic strategy for managing chronic liver diseases.
基金supported by Ministry of Science and ICT,South Korea(RS‐2024‐00407282)National Research Foundation of Korea(RS‐2024‐00408156).
文摘The practical application of lithium(Li)metal batteries(LMBs)faces challenges due to the irreversible Li deposition/dissolution process,which promotes Li dendrite growth with severe parasitic reactions during cycling.To address these issues,achieving uniform Li‐ion flux and improving Li‐ion conductivity of the separator are the top priorities.Herein,a separator(PCELS)with enhanced Li‐ion conductivity,composed of polymer,ceramic,and electrically conductive carbon,is proposed to facilitate fast Li‐ion transport kinetics and increase Li deposition uniformity of the LMBs.The PCELS immobilizes PF6–anions with high adsorption energies,leading to a high Li‐ion transference number.Simultaneously,the PCELS shows excellent electrolyte wettability on both its sides,promoting rapid ion transport.Moreover,the electrically conductive carbon within the PCELS provides additional electron transport channels,enabling efficient charge transfer and uniform Li‐ion flux.With these advantages,the PCELS achieves rapid Li‐ion transport kinetics and uniform Li deposition,demonstrating excellent cycling stability over 100 cycles at a high current density of 12.0 mA cm^(-2).Furthermore,the PCELS shows stable cycling performances in Li–S cell tests and delivers an excellent capacity retention of 95.45%in the Li|LiFePO_(4) full‐cell test with a high areal capacity of over 5.5 mAh cm^(-2).
基金the National Research Foundation of Korea Grant funded by the Korean Government(MEST)(NRF2019R1I1A3A01063833)Korea Environment Industry&Technology Institute(KEITI)through Technology Development Program for Environmental Industry Advancement funded by Korea Ministry of Environment(MOE)(RE201805141)+1 种基金the National Research Foundation(NRF)of Korea(NRF-2019R1A2C1006677)Hannam University research fund in 2019。
文摘Remarkable attention has been directed to Prussian blue(PB) and its analogues(PBA) as one of the most widely used metal-organic frameworks(MOFs) especially in the field of energy storage devices due to their fabulous features such as 3D open framework, high surface area, controllable distribution of pores and the low cost. Nevertheless, their depressed conductivity causes some insulation when being used as an electrode for supercapacitors leading to be restricted in further applications particularly the electronics. To the best of our knowledge, our review aimed primarily to give a total picture of the research that was done on utilizing PB and PBA for fabricating the electrodes of supercapacitor, studying their synthesis approaches in addition to the hybridization with other materials such as graphene, CNTs and conducting polymer. It also addresses the transformation of PB or PBA into other interesting nanostructures such as oxides, sulfides, and bicomponent of graphitic carbon nitride/metal oxides, as well. Furthermore,It exhibits various avenues for overcoming their disadvantages of bad cycle life, retention rate and not achieving the desired values of energy/power densities opening the door for enlarging the number of researches on their application as supercapacitors.
基金Supported by Korea Healthcare Technology R and D Project,Ministry of Health and Welfare,South Korea(A100054)
文摘AIM: To assess the efficacy and safety of a patientpositioning device(EZ-FIX) for endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography(ERCP).METHODS: A total of 105 patients were randomized to the EZ-FIX(n = 53) or non-EZ-FIX(n = 52) group in this prospective study. Midazolam and propofol,titrated to provide an adequate level of sedation during therapeutic ERCP, were administered by trained registered nurses under endoscopist supervision.Primary outcome measures were the total dose of propofol and sedative-related complications, including hypoxia and hypotension. Secondary outcome measures were recovery time and sedation satisfaction of the endoscopist, nurses, and patients.RESULTS: There was no significant difference in the rate of hypoxia, but there was a statistical trend(EX-FIX group; n = 4, 7.55%, control group; n = 6, 11.53%,P = 0.06). The mean total dose of propofol was lower in the EZ-FIX group than in the non-EZ-FIX group(89.43 ± 49.8 mg vs 112.4 ± 53.8 mg, P = 0.025).In addition, the EZ-FIX group had a shorter mean recovery time(11.23 ± 4.61 mg vs 14.96 ± 5.12 mg, P< 0.001). Sedation satisfaction of the endoscopist and nurses was higher in the EX.FIX group than in the nonEZ-FIX group. Technical success rates of the procedure were 96.23% and 96.15%, respectively(P = 0.856).Procedure-related complications did not differ by group(11.32% vs 13.46%, respectively, P = 0.735).CONCLUSION: Using EZ-FIX reduced the total dose of propofol and the recovery time, and increased the satisfaction of the endoscopist and nurses.
基金Korea Polar Research Institute(PE19900)Ministry of Education of the Republic of Korea and National Research Foundation of Korea(NRF-2016S1A3A2924243)。
文摘This paper presents a detailed account of the effect of shipping activity on the increasing trends of air temperatures in the Canadian Arctic region for the period of 1980–2018.Increasing trend of temperature has gained significant attention with respect to shipping activities and sea ice area in the Canadian Arctic.Temperature,sea ice area and shipping traffic datasets were investigated,and simple linear regression analyses were conducted to predict the rate of change(per decade)of the average temperature,considering winter(January)and summer(July)seasons.The results indicate that temperature generally increased over the studied region.Significant warming trend was observed during July,with an increase of up to 1℃,for the Canadian Arctic region.Such increasing trend of temperature was observed during July from the lower to higher latitudes.The increase in temperature during July is speculated to increase the melting of ice.Results also show a decline in sea ice area has a significant positive effect on the shipping traffic,and the numbers of marine vessel continue to increase in the region.The increase in temperature causes the breaking of sea ice due to shipping activities over northern Arctic Canada.
文摘Organizations are making great efforts to improve their level of safety,but accidents continue to occur,and safety issues are not easily solved within an organization.Therefore,the importance of voluntary safety is increasing,and as a result,interest in safety culture has recently increased.However,the concept of safety culture is ambiguous and the implementation of safety culture is not improving in the correct manner.This work proposes a unique framework for voluntary safety practice within an organization.This framework consists of Mindfulness-Based Cognitive Safety(MBCS)and spiritual safety leadership.From the perspective of safety within the concept of safety culture,safety has been considered a sub-facet of organizational culture.However,from a new perspective suggested by this study,safety is regarded as another important value separated from organizational culture,in which members should make intentional efforts based on safety awareness.MBCS maintains such safety awareness through self-safety cognition,while spiritual safety leadership is a fundamental foundation and fuel for self-safety cognition.Based on this,industries can pursue ideal safety and increase the integrity of the organization.This work provides effective guidance to improve safety management and emergency management related to industrial accidents.
文摘Objective Cross sectional quantitative data from donor embryo recipients suggest children conceived through embryo donation are psychosocially well adjusted with healthy parent-child relationships.This study delves deeper into this topic using a qualitative grounded theory apprach to capture recipients'experiences and perceptions regarding family-building through embryo donation.Methods This was a national qualtive study conducted via semistructured phone interviews.Interviews were self-nominated and composed of 25 open-ended questions.Interviews were transcribed using Temi software and coding was conducted in accordance with grounded theory methodology by five independent researchers to identity themes,Particlpants came from three embryo donation programmes across the USA.28 participants,with an average age of 48 years(range:34-69).volunteered to participate in interviews from a larger subject group.This previous group was a cross-sectional,survey-based study of psychosocial outcomes of children bom via embryo donation.The majority of patients(92%)identfied as Christian/Catholic.Themes were identifed in particlpants'responses to questions regarding general perceptions of embryo donation,decision-making procgss,dsclosure and children's psychosocial adjustment.Results Of the 118 participants from the quantitative survey-based study who volunteered for this qualtative study,28 individuals(24%)participated in the phone interview before thematic saturation was reached.The main themes identified include a desire to use existing embryos eficienty,religious frameworks encouraging maximal embryo use;satisfaction with and enthusiasm for embryo donation;lack of concem regarding child social adjustment and wllingness to disclose donor embryo use to others.Conclusion This qulitative study's findings afirm that participants find conceiving a child through embryo donation highly satistying and rewarding,experiencing minimal adverse events or regrets.As respondents identfied largely as Chritian/Catholic,further studies are warranted to assess the perceptions of a more diverse and generalisable population of recipients and children borm via embryo donation.
基金supported by the National Research Foundation of Korea(NRF)grant funded by the Korea goverment(MSIT)(RS-2025-02218301)supported by the Nano&Material Technology Development Program through the National Research Foundation of Korea(NRF)funded by Ministry of Science and ICT(No.RS-2024-00412289).
文摘Lithium metal batteries(LMBs)offer high energy densities but face challenges including poor reversibility and Li dendrite growth.Herein,we evaluate two flexible composite current collectors composed of reduced graphene oxide and carbon nanotubes(rGO/CNT)to investigate how Li storage mechanisms influence electrochemical performance.By modulating the number of layers in rGO,the few-layered rGO/CNT collector(FL-CC)stores Li through a pure plating mechanism,whereas the multi-layered rGO/CNT collector(ML-CC)stores lithium via a hybrid intercalation/plating mechanism.The hybrid mechanism in ML-CC promotes reversible Li-ion storage,reduces active Li-ion loss,and suppresses dendrite formation.As a result,ML-CC achieves superior cycling stability compared to FLCC in both LMBs and anode-free LMB tests paired with LiFePO_(4)cathodes at a practical areal capacity of 4.5 mAh cm^(-2).This study highlights the importance of structural design in current collectors and demonstrates that incorporating lithiatable materials can significantly enhance the electrochemical stability of anode-free LMBs.
